JPS5840489B2 - Welding method and welding equipment for synthetic resin products - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a welding force method for synthetic resin products, mainly synthetic resin pallets for transporting or loading various cargoes, and a welding device used in the method.

Conventionally, synthetic resin products have been welded with a cross-sectional structure as shown in Figure 1 A-F. Figure A shows butt welding by pressing pipe cut surfaces together, and Figure B shows butt welding with a hemispherical cut surface. C also shows a method in which the opening edges of the channel-shaped members are heated and welded together to form a spherical shape.

The first diagram shows a T-shaped joint of pipes, and F shows a right-angled butt weld.

Further, FIG. F shows the welded cross-sectional structure of the simplest conventional type of synthetic resin pallet related to the present invention.

Among these, welding structures such as those shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B are used, for example, as shown in FIG. ,6
The welding surfaces of both parts are fixed using pressers 7, 8, etc. so that they face each other, and a hot plate 9 that can be attached to both sides at the same time is inserted between the welding surfaces of both parts. After making it into a molten state, the hot plate 9 is pulled out and pressed again to perform integral welding.

In addition, Fig. 3 shows a method for welding the pallets shown in Fig. 1F, and in this method, the pallets are welded to the opposing surfaces of the mounting base 10 and 11, which have vertically horizontal opposing surfaces. The parts 12 and 13 are fixed, and a hot plate 14 similar to that described above is inserted horizontally between their welded surfaces, and the mounting base is pressed against the top and bottom to heat each welded surface. This is a method of removing 14 and attaching it correctly.

FIG. 4 shows an example of welding the welding members shown in FIG.
8 is welded in the same way as in Figure 3, but since the mounting base is installed on a line such as a roller conveyor, it is possible to automatically convey the welded parts, and therefore continuous welding work can be automated. It is characterized by the ability to

Figures 5 and 6 are examples of welded pallets that have been conventionally used, but Figure 5 shows the simplest divided shape as already mentioned in the explanation of Figures 1F and 3. 20 indicates a fork insertion hole.

Although it is possible to weld this shape by conventional welding methods, it has the disadvantage that the part size is large and a mold of a correspondingly large size is required, making it extremely expensive.

The part in Figure 6 is divided into smaller parts, but it has vertical and horizontal welding surfaces, and moreover, the number of welding is large.
The disadvantage is that the welding process becomes extremely complicated, including work such as precision adjustment, and the size of the parts cannot be said to be sufficiently reduced.

Other conventional welding methods have the following fundamental problems, and improvements are required.

(1) Most of the time weld two parts, and it is difficult to weld a large number of parts while maintaining precision and strength that meet product standards.

(2) Most of the products are small, and this method cannot be applied to large 11" products due to the economical nature of mold production.

(3) Automation of welding work had not been realized, and there was no way to mass-produce large products in particular.

The present invention aims to provide a method for welding synthetic resin products that solves the above-mentioned problems, and an apparatus for use in the method, and will be described in detail below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

A product made by the method of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, each part a1. a2. a3. a4. and a3 are molded so that they are all divided in the same direction, so that all the welding surfaces are in the same direction, and the direction of the presser for welding can also be made in a single direction.

In the present invention, the method and apparatus are all described for molding the product shown in FIG. 7, but the same principle can be easily modified and applied to multiple divisions such as 4 divisions, 6 divisions, and 7 divisions. Needless to say.

First, an example of the method of the present invention will be explained using process diagrams or principle diagrams shown in FIGS. 8 to 11. FIG. 8 shows a state before welding parts a1 to a5 are arranged on a mounting table and welded. 21 to 25 are mounting bases corresponding to a1 to a5, respectively, whose top surfaces are horizontal and each mounting base 21
25 are arranged parallel to each other in the front-rear direction.

The base 23 located at the center of the base metal is fixed to a frame (not shown), and the bases 21, 22, 24, and 25 are each configured to horizontally move by a fixed distance in the left and right direction of force.

Reference numerals 31 to 35 denote pressers for pressing the parts a1 to a5 onto the tables 21 to 25. Each presser 31 to 35 has a recess (not shown) in the upper surface of each part 31 to a5 when pressing the parts. ) on the bases 21 to 25.
A protrusion 26 for positioning is provided.

To place the parts 31 to a5 on the above-mentioned device, first, as shown in the left side view of FIG. Insert the welded parts 31 to a5 onto the stands 21 to 25, respectively, and raise the front pusher 27 with a cylinder or the like to remove the parts 3.
1 to a5 are pressed against the stopper 29 on the rear surface and fixed.

At the same time, the holding tools 31 to 35 press each part a1 to a5, and the projections 26 fix the parts in a predetermined position.

Next, in order to improve the familiarity of the parts a1 to a5 on the stands 21 to 25 before starting the next welding process, the stands 21, 22 and 24, 25 are moved to the stands 2 by the respective drive devices.
3, and place the adjacent welding surfaces of each part 31 to a5 in contact with -RE.

Thereafter, the base metals 21 to 25 and the parts a1 to a5 are separated again so as to leave a constant interval in the state shown in FIG.

At this time, the right (Ulu
The ff 30 rises and comes into close contact with the side surface of the component a5, and the left side plate 36 is pressed against the left side surface of the component a1 at a fixed position by a cylinder 37 provided on the stand 21.

The heating plate 38 located at the upper middle position of each part a1 to a5
- 41 are inserted between the facing surfaces of the parts 31 - 35, and then the stands 21, 22 and 24, 25 are pushed toward the stand 23, and the parts 81 - a5 are welded. The surfaces are simultaneously pressed against the hot plates 38-41.

As a result, a certain portion of each welding surface is heated and melted until it reaches the molten state necessary for welding.

At this time, in order to prevent the welding surface from melting more than necessary,
Two contact stoppers (upper and lower) are placed at appropriate positions between 1 and 25.
(all shown in the description of the device) are provided.

Also, at this time, the hot plates 38, 39 and 40, 41 are also placed on the stand 21.
．． 22 and 24.25 are respectively interlocked in the same direction.

When the welding surfaces are melted in the above operation, the tables 21, 22 and 24.
25 and the hot plates 38 to 41 are pulled apart in opposite directions, and the hot plates 38 to 41 are pulled out to the upper blade as shown in FIG. The adjacent welding surfaces of parts 31 to a are pressed together again, and all are welded at the same time (first
(See figure 0).

Note that if any of the welding surfaces come into contact with each other before the others before this welding, there is a risk that the welding state of the entire product will become uneven, so the following equipment is used as shown in the explanation (Fig. 14). A space maintaining mechanism between the stands 21 to 25 is provided to prevent the welding surfaces from touching each other inadvertently even during welding.

As a result of the above-mentioned welding, a bulge of flesh generally occurs on the upper and lower surfaces of each welded part, so it is necessary to correct this bulge and finish it flat.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, the hot plates 38 to 38
A correction tool 42 provided at the lower end of 41 is pressed to form a perfect flat surface.

A similar correction tool 43 is also pressed against the bottom surface of the product to correct the swelling of the meat.

This correction tool will be explained later in the description of the device, but
The pressing surface has a horizontal plane and is itself equipped with a water cooling mechanism.

The product that has been welded and corrected as described above is cooled until the welded part has stable strength, and after cooling, the presser 31
35 and the like, and the right side plate 30 is lowered to open the right side of the product, and the cylinder 37 pushes and releases the product from the opening.

Incidentally, in the above method, the loading of parts onto the mounting table and the discharging of the products are not limited to the method described above, but can be easily changed to any of the front, rear, right, left, and right directions according to convenience.

Next, the welding apparatus used in the above method will be explained based on FIGS. 12 to 15 (the numbers and symbols of each part are shown in
(It is used overlappingly with the one in FIG. 11, and the functions of each part that have already been explained are omitted for the sake of brevity).

FIG. 12 is a front view showing the main parts of the welding device of the present invention, in which four balls 45 are placed on a bed 44 on which various devices are placed.
is constructed to form the main body (frame) 56 of the device.

At the bottom of the mounting bases 21.22 and 24.25, there is a frame 51 with a trolley that is movable so that they can be moved left and right.
, 52°54.55 are attached, and a fixed frame 53 is provided at the lower part of the mounting base 23.

47, 48° 49.50 is each frame with trolley 51, 52
, 54° 55° and is fixed to the main body of the device.

In addition, a mounting frame 51.5 is provided in the left and right direction of the main body 56.
A guide bar 57 is installed horizontally so as to pass through each frame.

On the mounting frame 52 54 is a cylinder 6 for lifting and folding the lower product welding surface correction tool 43 mentioned above.
2 is provided.

As is clear from the drawings, the welding surface correction tool 43 is located on the mounting frame 52, 54, which is a dolly type, and is always located directly below the position where the welding surfaces are brought into contact with each other.
moving in unison.

Reference numerals 58 to 61 are cylinders for raising and lowering the hot plates 38 to 41, and each of them is fixed in the vertical force direction to four holders 63 that move laterally within the frame 46.

The holder 63 is slidably fitted into a guide bar 64 installed in the pedestal 46 in the left and right directions, and is guided by the guide bar 64 in its left and right movements.

Therefore, each of the hot plates 38 to 41 is also driven in the left and right directions together with each of the holders 63.

Reference numeral 65 is provided by fixing the holder 63 to the pedestal 46 with a cylinder that drives the holder 63 in the left and right directions, and in this embodiment, one or more cylinders are provided for each holder.

Further, the holder 63 is driven in the left and right directions in correlation with the previously described mounting drive cylinders 47 to 50, respectively.

FIG. 13 is a view taken along the line A-A in FIG.
The rod of the hot plate driving cylinder 59 is attached to the upper part of the hot plate frame 66, and the rod of the hot plate driving cylinder 59 is attached to the holder 63 so that it can slide vertically and move up and down together with the hot plate frame 66, but the id bar 67 is fixed. The vertical movement of the hot plate 39 is maintained.

The presser 32 is fixed to the folding book cylinder 70.71 via brackets 68.69 in the front and back, and the cylinder 70.
71 is integrally fixed to the mounting frame 52.

The front bracket 68 of the brackets has an opening for inserting parts from the front side of the device.

In addition, the holding plate 27 at the front end of the mounting base 22 is pivoted by a cylinder 86 provided under the holding plate 27 so that it can be rotated in an upright or horizontal state, and when inserting a component, it It is in a horizontal state.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged front partial cross-sectional view showing the main parts of the welding surface heating of parts in the welding apparatus and its control mechanism, and for convenience of explanation, the left and right sides are shown in different operating states.

That is, the left half A shows the state of the welded parts a3 and a4 at the time of press welding and correction of the upper and lower surfaces of the welded parts, and the right half B shows the state of the welded surfaces of the welded parts a4 and a5 during the press welding and heating. It represents.

In the right-hand part B of FIG. 14, the heating plate 41 is lowered and inserted between parts a4 and a5, and each welding surface is brought into close contact with the left and right sides of the heating plate 41 and is in a state of heating and melting, and at this time, the corresponding correction is made. The tool 43 is placed in the cylinder 6 in a position that does not interfere with this heating.
It has been lowered by 2.

72.73 is the upper part of the hot plate frame 66 and the holding tool 34.3
5 are protruding from both sides or one side of the upper part of the plate 5 to restrict the melting of the parts. Opposed and for said melting part a4 + 2
When the adjusters 72 and 73 are pressed together and melted by a predetermined distance 7, each adjuster 72 and 73 come into contact at the same time, which prevents the melting from proceeding any further and causing dimensional errors and non-uniformity in the welding residual temperature when the product is completely destroyed. ing.

This mechanism can also be implemented by electrical control such as a limit switch.

Along with the melting control adjusters 72 and 73 mentioned above, similar adjusters are provided at the bottom of each mounting base 24 and 25, but in addition to the lower adjusters, the hot plate 41 is removed after melting the parts welded surface. A spacing mechanism is also provided to prevent the melting surfaces (welding surfaces) of each component from inadvertently coming into contact with each other until the next press welding is performed.

That is, the lower adjusters 74, 75 are provided on both sides of the mounting frame 54 and on each opposing surface of the other adjacent mounting frame 53, 55, and the adjuster 74 on the frame 54 side is raised and lowered by a cylinder 76 fixed thereto. When the parts are slid and pressed together to melt the welding surfaces of the parts, they are pushed up to the same height as the other adjusters 75 and come into contact with each other in the same way as the upper adjusters 72 and 73, so that each frame 51-- 55 (mounting base 21
-25) is regulated so that the interval is not narrowed below a certain dimension.

In other cases, adjuster 7 as shown in Figure 14A.
4 is lowered by a cylinder 76.

Next, to explain the state shown in FIG. 14A, this state follows the state shown in FIG.
The cylinders 47 to 50 described above push the mounting frames 51 to 55 toward the center, and the parts 31 to a5
The welding surfaces of the welded parts are pressed together and welded, and the correction tools 42 and 43 are lowered or raised to correct the irregularities on the upper and lower surfaces of the welded parts.

In order to prevent the parts from being excessively pressed together during welding, resulting in errors in size, shape, and welding residual temperature, the frame 54 is provided with an adjuster 75 behind the lift adjuster 74. An adjuster 77 is provided, which doubles as the spacing mechanism described above and functions continuously.

That is, a contact pin 79 is provided in the adjuster 77 so that the tip of the contact pin 79 is always projected by a spring 78 so as to face the other adjuster 75 by a certain size.

After the adjuster 74 has descended and the hot plates 38 to 41 have risen, in the process of pressing each part a1 to a5 for welding, the adjuster 75 first presses the pin before contacting the adjuster 77 on the frame 54°52 side. The frame 51 is stopped in that state until it contacts the folding force 79 and increases to a folding force above a certain level (the distance between the parts welded surfaces is also maintained at the same time).
When the pressure applied to the pins 55 and 55 exceeds a certain level, the pin 79 is pushed in against the elasticity of the spring 78, and the adjusters 75 and 77 come into contact with each other.

The frame 51~
55 does not approach any further, welding is stopped here, and the predetermined dimensions of the product and uniform welding strength are maintained.

Numeral 80 is a bolt for adjusting the elasticity of the spring 78.

The adjuster 77 with the pin 79 and spring 78 inserted therein as described above can be used when the mounting frames 51, 52, 54, 55 are individually and interrelatedly driven by separate cylinders as in the illustrated embodiment. may be relatively unimportant.

This is because if the cylinder drive is performed accurately according to the set values, it is thought that there will be relatively few inadvertent contacts of the welding surfaces.

However, if each frame 51 to 55 has enough room to run and move freely, for example, a mechanism in which each frame is connected by a pantograph-like link or by a guide pin and made to run and move with one cylinder, etc. is used. In this case, the mechanism of the adjuster 77 as described above or a mechanism replacing it is always essential.

FIG. 15 is a partially omitted enlarged sectional view from side C showing an example of the structure of the welding surface correction tool 42 attached to the lower ends of the hot plates 38 to 41. Dual inner and outer cooling pipes 81 and 82 are installed concentrically and fixed to each other, and a correction iron 83 is fixed to the lower end surface thereof.
The downward direction of the iron 83 forms a horizontal plane.

Cooling water or other cooling fluid circulates inside the cooling pipes 81 and 82. For example, the tip of the inner pipe 81 opens at the end inside the outer pipe 82, and the other end of the outer pipe 82 (rear The cooling fluid supplied from the water supply port 84 at the front end flows through the inner pipe 8 inside the front end.
1 and is led to a drain port 85 at the rear end of the inner tube and discharged.

The iron 83 is cooled by such a cooling mechanism, and cooling of the welded parts after correction is also performed effectively.

Although not particularly shown, there is a tool 43 for correcting the lower surface of the welded part.
It goes without saying that both of the correction tools have the same structural function as the correction tool 42 described above, and that both of the correction tools have a length that allows them to be pressed against each other over the entire length of the welded portion.

In addition, in the explanation of Figs. 13 to 15, specific mounting bases, mounting frame frames, pressers, hot plates, correction tools, various adjusters, etc. were described, but other similar types of Since these parts have almost or completely the same structure and function as these parts, explanations are omitted.

At the same time, although in the illustrated embodiment the drives of the various parts are mostly cylinders, they do not have to be cylinders in particular; other drives can be used, or the individual drives of the hot plates can be combined into a single interlocking system. It may also be driven.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the welding parts are divided into five parts, and the central mounting base is fixed. There is no need to use a fixed mounting base.

As a result of the pallet welding force method and apparatus of the present invention being intercepted as described above, the following specific effects can be achieved.

(1) Since the width of the welded parts can be reduced by dividing them, there is no need for large molding machines or molds unlike conventional products, which are long in both depth and width, reducing equipment costs and associated overhead costs, and improving product quality. This greatly contributes to cost reduction.

(2) As a result of all welding surfaces being aligned in one direction, the operation (
It is possible to fully automate the welding and welding work in the welding process (process), thereby realizing mass production, efficiency of work, and cost reduction.

In addition, it is possible to sufficiently hold the dimensions.

(3) Since welding of split parts is done in one direction, it is possible to mold complex internal shapes and large pallets, and it is also possible to obtain high-strength products.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1A and -F are cross-sectional views showing examples of conventional welding structures for synthetic resin products, and Figures 2, 3, and 4 are the same (examples of conventional welding force methods for synthetic resin products). Explanatory front view, 5th
6 and 6 are both perspective views showing examples of conventional pallet assembly or welding structures, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of pallets made by the method and apparatus of the present invention, and FIGS. 8 to 11. Figure 8 is a front view showing the state of the welding surface of the parts, Figure 9 is a side view, and Figure 10 is the state during welding. FIG. 11 is a front view showing the state at the time of welding and correction of the upper and lower surfaces. 12 to 15 show the structure of the device of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a front view showing an outline of the welding device, and FIG. 13 is a view taken along arrow A-A in FIG. 12. , FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged front view of the main parts of the apparatus, and FIG. 15 is a partially omitted enlarged left side view showing a structural example of the hot plate and correction tool of the apparatus. 1.2...Cylinder 3,4,10. ICl
3.16...Mounting base, 5, 6, 12, 13゜1
7.18...Welded parts, 7,8...Press tool, 9°14.19...Hot plate, 20...
...Fork insertion hole, 21-25...Mounting base,
26... Positioning protrusion, 27... Folding tool, 28... Conveyor, 29... Stopper 30... Side plate, 31-35・・・・・・
・Presser, 36... (jllM, 37...
... Cylinder, 38-41 ... Hot plate, 42,
43... Correction tool, 44... Bed, 4
5... Pole, 46... Frame, 47~
50...Cylinder, 51-55...
Mounting frame, 56...Device body (frame), 57...Guide bar 58-62...
...Cylinder 63...Holder 64...
...Guide bar 65 ...Cylinder 66
...Hot plate frame, 67...Guide bar 68.69...Bracket, 70,7L76
・・・・・・Cylinder 72～75,77・・・・・・
Adjuster (stopper), 78... Spring, 79... Pin, 80... Adjustment bolt, 81, 82... Cooling pipe, 83...・
- Trowel, 84...Water inlet, 85...Drain port, 86...Cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method of molding a completed product into a plurality of parts in advance and welding the welding surfaces of these welded parts to form an integrated product. The three or more welding parts constituting the product are divided and formed so that their respective welding surfaces can face each other in the same direction of force, and the above-mentioned parts are formed into flat surfaces with the upper surfaces of the same height. , at least two or more parts are mounted and fixed on separate mounting bases that run in the same force direction, aligned in the same direction while maintaining a constant distance between the respective welding surfaces, and the welding surfaces of the respective parts are fixed. By inserting a hot plate of 21 hardness or higher that can be moved up and down and horizontally, and moving the mounting base horizontally to press each part against the hot plate, the entire surface of each welding surface is melted. A method of welding synthetic resin products in which the mounting base is separated, each hot plate is removed, each mounting base is moved horizontally again, and the welded parts of each part are pressed together to form an integrated product. Three or more welded parts mounting stands on which 23 or more welded parts are individually placed, the upper surfaces of which are flat at the same height and move in the same horizontal direction, and a drive device that moves each of the mounting stands. , a presser for suppressing and fixing the welded parts on each mounting base, two or more hot plates inserted between the opposing welding surfaces of adjacent parts on the mounting base and movable vertically and horizontally; A welding device for synthetic resin products, comprising one drive device for moving the plate and moving the plate up and down as the mounting base moves.