JPS5839259A - Dc rotary magnetic field motor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to direct current motors, and more particularly to a specially designed motor arrangement. When an external DC power source is supplied to the stator through this arrangement, a rotating magnetic field is generated within the stator, which generates a driving torque by interaction with the rotor magnetic field.

In known DC motors, the rotor is an electric motor and the stator is a magnetic field. External DC power is typically supplied to the rotor windings of the motor using a commutating element and brushes disposed on the commutating element. Regardless of the rotation of the rotor, the brush position can be adjusted within the motor, so the fixed torque angle generates driving torque, so the magnetic axis formed by the rotor winding current and the magnetic axis of the stator magnetic field are kept between. The biggest drawback of this DC motor is that the commutator has a large number of elements formed of brass plates, a mica plate is inserted between each brass plate, and the commutator has a cylindrical shape. The limitations of the known DC motor structure are that the material and labor costs are quite high, and the brass plate on the commutator surface wears out after a period of operation. When the brass plate wears down to below the level of the mica plate, the performance of the motor decreases significantly. As a result, the mica plates must be trimmed and the circumferential surface of the commutator must be restored to maintain optimal operating condition. Therefore, maintenance and repair of this type of DC motor is always a problem.

On the contrary, the magnetic field of a known synchronous motor is similar to that of a DC motor using DC excitation. However, the difference from a DC motor is that the magnetic field is a rotor and the motor is a stator.

Since the armature is composed of multiphase windings, a rotating magnetic field is generated when a multiphase external power supply is supplied to the armature. Since a tensile magnetic force exists between the rotating field poles and the rotor seed, the rotor is fixed in position (with respect to the rotating magnetic field). However, when the rotor rotates according to the synchronous speed of the motor, the direction of rotation is also synchronized with the direction of the rotating magnetic field. , Thus, a unidirectional force is generated by the stator and rotor only when the rotor, stator, and rotating magnetic field are all at the same speed and in the same direction. At this time, there is no relative movement between the magnetic axes,
Any fixed torque angle can be fully utilized to generate the drive torque. However, a major disadvantage of this known synchronous motor is that the polarity of the rotor is fixed and the polarity of the stator varies in the direction of rotation of the motor. Furthermore, if the rotor is attracted to the magnetic field during startup, it will move in the direction of the magnetic attraction. However, when a repulsive force occurs, the rotor will move in a different direction. The net efficiency of magnetic attraction and repulsion forces keeps the motor stationary. Therefore, at the initial stage of power supply, no driving torque is generated and the motor does not automatically rotate at that point. As a result, an activation device or system must be designed that performs seven activation operations. Furthermore, the operation of known synchronous motors is fixed since the synchronous speed of the motor is controlled by the AC power frequency.

The present invention provides a complete DC rotating magnetic field motor that retains all the advantages of known DC motors and synchronous motors and completely eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages.

The main object of the present invention is to have a dedicated rectifier w, supply external DC power to all stator windings through this rectifier R, generate a rotating magnetic field in the stator winding, and rotate the stator winding. The interaction between the magnetic field and the magnetic field of the rotor is achieved by providing a DC motor that generates a critical driving torque for the driving load.

Another object of the present invention is that the dedicated rectifier for this DC motor includes a rectifier slip ring disposed coaxially with the motor shaft, and a plurality of fixed brushes and metals in contact with the annular tangential surface of the rectifier slip ring. It is.

According to yet another object of the invention, in this DC motor, the commutating slip ring has a plurality of slip ring elements along its surface, and the width and angle of the slip elements are determined by the number of poles and phases of the DC motor. Selected based on phase order angle.

! According to yet another object of the invention, the width and angle of the fixed brush are determined by the width and angle of the slip ring element, such that the two brushes are always equal to each other on the slip ring element.

Yet another object of the invention I/cJ: In a DC motor V, the positive input and negative output of the rotor are respectively connected to fixed brushes.

The important point of the DC motor of the present invention is that no matter what angle the rotor is at, the torque angle is always maintained within the range of the rotor type and the rotating magnetic field axis of the stator, so that no external DC power is supplied. The motor will immediately rotate and the input will be supplied to any single 6-phase winding, regardless of the form of the external DC power supply and without duplication of power supply. Furthermore, a capacitor or rectifier can be attached to the stator winding,
Spark generation during rectification operation can be prevented.

A further important point of the DC motor of the present invention is that the rotating magnetic field of the stator is the same as the rotor magnetic field. When the external load increases, the rotational speed of the motor slows down and the rotating magnetic field speed also slows down, but its torque remains unchanged. On the other hand, due to the decrease in speed, the stator back electromotive force (OT
UMF ) fl decreases. Meanwhile, the supply current to the stator increases, thus the strength of the rotating magnetic field increases, and the rotational speed of the motor increases again.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the drawings in Appendix A.1, and preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth below.

According to FIG. 1, the shunt-excited three-phase four-pole DC motor according to the present invention has two main parts, namely a fixed part (S) and a rotating part (R).
)? have The stationary part (the section) includes a stator 1, a three-phase winding 2 coupled to the stator 1, and a plurality of stationary brushes.
The real rotating part (R) includes a motor till 4, a power flip ring 5, a commutating slip ring 6, and a plurality of rotor camellias 7.

The stator 1 with the three-phase winding 2 has the same construction as a known synchronous motor. The husbands of windings 21, 22, and 23 are 12
They are arranged in four poles separated by 0°. pole 211.21
2.213 and 214 are arranged in the first phase, and Tsubaki 221
．． 222, 223 and 224 are in the second phase and also in the pole 23
1.232.233 and 234 are arranged in the third phase. The winding inputs of the husband and husband phases are respectively connected to the fixed brushes 3 to form a triangular connection.

The fixed brush 3 includes three brushes 31, 32 and 33, the rear ends of which are respectively connected to the motor housing;
They are disposed on the tangential surface of the rectifying slip ring 6 at the tip thereof, respectively. The width of each brush is preferably 1724 mm of the circumference of the rectifying slip ring, and the brushes are each 120 mm wide.
placed apart from each other.

connected to the brush 33 to the input terminal of the first phase winding 21;
The output terminal is connected to brush 32. Second phase winding 22
The input terminal of is brush 33, and the output terminal of the switch is brush 3.
1, the input terminal of the third phase winding 23 is connected to the brush 32 and its output terminal if brush 31, respectively.

The rotor 7 is constructed in the shape of four salient poles, poles 71 and 73 are north poles, poles 72 and 74 are south poles, and shunt excitation is performed.

The rotor 7 may also be formed of permanent magnets.

The rectifying slip ring 6 has an annular shape and is attached to the motor shaft 4.
coaxially arranged around the front part of the

Slip ring elements 61, 62, 63 and 64 are arranged on the circumference of the slip ring 6. Of these, elements 61 and 63 are connected to the brane side of the power supply, and the remaining two elements 62 and 64 are connected to the negative side of the power supply.

The width of the slip ring elements is preferably 1/8 of the circumference of the commutating slip ring 6, and each element has a width of 45°.
Leave one by one.

A power supply slip ring 5 with a positive slip ring input and a negative slip ring output is used for input and output of the external power supply.

2, 3 and 4 illustrate the principle of operation of a preferred embodiment of the invention. Figure 'WJ2 shows the initial change of the first phase-locked -9- child winding pole. When the motor is not running, the slip ring element 63 of the commutator slip ring 6 contacts the brush 33 and the slip ring element 64 contacts the brush 32 (as shown in FIG. 1). When external power is supplied, the windings 211 and 2 of the first phase stator winding 21
13 forms a north pole magnetic field, while windings 212 and 214 form a south pole magnetic field, as shown in FIG.

Since the magnetic shaft 30' between the stator and rotor has a torque angle, a starting torque can be established. Therefore, the motor starts rotating. However, when the motor shaft rotates beyond 30 degrees, slip ring element 64 separates from brush 32 and slip ring element 62 comes into contact with brush 31. At this time, the external DC power supply is connected to the fixed winding 2 of the first phase.
1 and is supplied to the fixed winding 22 of the second phase.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the windings 221 and 223
forms N@ and windings 222 and 224 form an S pole.

Following this movement, the stator magnetic field is also rotated by 30°. When the motor shaft 4 further rotates by 30 degrees, the slip ring element 63 separates from the brush 33, and the slip ring element 61 comes into contact with the brush 32.

At this time, the external DC power is cut off from the second phase stator winding 22 and is supplied to the third phase stator winding 23. In addition, as shown in Fig. 4, the windings 231 and 233 are N
The windings 232 and 234 form a total of eight poles. Therefore, the stator magnetic field is also rotated by 30°.

According to FIG. 5, when the motor shaft 4 rotates one cycle,
The poles of all stator windings change for two cycles, creating a full rotating magnetic field in the windings. With these changes,
The rotating magnetic field of the stator rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the motor shaft 4, and the interaction between the rotating magnetic field of the stator poles and the magnetic field of the rotor type forms a driving torque for driving an external load.

As previously stated, the present invention provides a new and unique construction for a DC rotating magnetic field motor with simple construction and low manufacturing costs. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be practiced within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a preferred configuration of a three-phase, four-pole DC motor according to the present invention; FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 respectively show the operation of the DC motor shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the principle of operation of the change of fixed poles and fixed windings in one phase during one rotation (360°) of the motor shaft according to the present invention. ]...Stator, 2...3-phase winding, 3...Fixed brush, 4...
・Motor shaft, 5...Power slip ring 6...
... Rectifier slip ring, 7 ... Rotating child type. 'l? Liao Pung Pei Liao φ Tong Qi F 1 θ 1 Procedural amendment (method) 1982 Patent Application No. 135947 2 Name of invention DC rotating magnetic field motor 3 Amendment person case and Relationship: Applicant 4, agent address: 1-1-5 Minami-Aoyama-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo Date of amendment order (voluntary) Katana IJ tag and 2r) Monwei Tatami ga ran away in the evening heat 1
Ding.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A motor shaft disposed together with a rectifier is supplied with external DC power to the stator winding through the rectifier, and a rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator winding while the motor shaft rotates. A direct current rotating magnetic field motor, characterized in that the rotating magnetic field of the stator pole and the magnetic field of the rotor pole are completely formed, and the interaction between the rotating magnetic field of the stator pole and the magnetic field of the rotor pole is fully utilized to generate the entire driving torque. (2) The direct current according to claim 1, wherein the rectifying device includes a rectifying slip ring disposed coaxially with the motor shaft and a plurality of fixed brushes in contact with a circumferential tangential surface of the slip ring. Rotating magnetic field motor. (3) The commutating slip ring has an annular shape and is arranged with a plurality of slip ring elements, and the width and angle of the slip ring elements are determined by the number of poles, the number of phases, and the phase order required for the DC rotating magnetic field motor. The DC rotating magnetic field motor according to claim 2, which is determined based on the angle. (4) The DC rotating magnetic field motor according to claim 2, wherein the width and angle of the fixed brush are determined based on the width and angle of the slip ring element configured together with the fixed brush. (5) The input and output terminals of the stator winding are each
The DC rotating magnetic field motor according to claim 1, wherein the DC rotating magnetic field motor is connected to the fixed brush based on the requirements of the DC rotating magnetic field motor.