WO2005002024A1

WO2005002024A1 - Single brush two phases 2/2 pole magnetic reluctance vibratory motor and single brush commutator

Info

Publication number: WO2005002024A1
Application number: PCT/CN2004/000694
Authority: WO
Inventors: Lumin Feng
Original assignee: Lumin Feng
Priority date: 2003-06-27
Filing date: 2004-06-25
Publication date: 2005-01-06
Also published as: CN100514799C; CN1578070A

Abstract

The invention disclosed a two phases 2/2 pole magnetic reluctance vibratory motor structure-One end of the coil in the stator connects to the commutator segnemt, the other connects to one of the poles of the power supply, and the brush connects to the other pole of the power supply. The rotor is composed by eccentric permanent magnets and sleeve. The stator is composed by the coils arranged on the opposite sides of the fixed shaft, and the rotor rotates on the fixed shaft via the sleeve. The fixed shaft not only don't superpose with the weight center of the rotor but also don't cross the linked line between the magnet poles of the rotor, thus compose the eccentric vibrator. The single brush commutator provides starting moment and steady operative moment to the eccentric rotor. After the center of gravity of the rotor being balance, the same motor structure can be used to ordinary drive motor, and the same single brush commutator can be used to the magnetic reluctance motor which has armature rotor, so that replaces the rotor position sensor of ordinary magnetic reluctance motor to drive high-power commutation circuit directly. This motor structure can be also used to mult-pole magnetic reluctance motor.

Description

Single brush two phase 2/2 pole reluctance vibration motor and single brush commutator

The present invention relates to a structure of a reluctance motor in an asymmetric magnetic field, particularly a flat miniature vibration motor. The invention also relates to a related single-brush commutator. Background technique

At present, there are two types of structures of flat micro-vibration motors, one with a brush and one without a brush. The circuit is commutated by means of an external displacement circuit. However, there is a problem with these two types of flat vibration motors. The three wires of the rotor, due to the size of the wire and the arrangement space, have a small mass and insufficient eccentricity. Therefore, in order to achieve satisfactory motor vibration strength, The radial dimension of the flat motor is relatively large.

Miniature vibration motors are applied to mobile phones or other personal personal electronic information products, and generally use batteries as a power source. Therefore, micromotors are required to save power, reduce size, and weigh lightly. On the other hand, they must meet the purpose of application: Sufficient vibration strength. At present, flat vibration motors with coils as rotors have basically reached the limit in terms of vibration strength, and complicated manufacturing processes have made it difficult to reduce the cost of the motors.

Ordinary reluctance motors are brushless forms with fixed windings, permanent magnets rotating, and supported by commutation circuits. The commutation circuit uses a rotor magnetic pole position detection device to determine the on / off time of the current for the key line ，, and performs phase calculation based on the phase relationship between the rotor magnetic pole position and the other coils to estimate the current on / off times of all the lines. Although the reluctance motor has outstanding advantages such as high efficiency, simple structure, and small starting current, it seems that the reluctance motor must be combined with the commutation circuit before it can be used. This is> natural for speed regulation applications, but For applications with fixed load and low speed stability requirements, complex and costly commutation circuits are extravagant. This brings cost concerns to the promotion of reluctance motors with higher electromechanical efficiency.

A two-pole DC motor, that is, a 2 / 2-pole DC motor referred to in the present invention, is a motor in which both a rotor and a stator coil have only two magnetic poles. Usually because the brush commutator of this motor is The rotor at the position does not have a starting torque, the direction of the starting torque is uncertain, and there is a power short circuit at the moment of commutation, which affects the practical application field. However, this motor has the characteristics of simple motor structure, large torque and high speed. As long as the inherent problems are solved and the characteristics of the reluctance motor are combined, a new field in motor application can be opened up. Summary of the invention

The invention provides a method of a flat DC micro-vibration motor and a non-vibration motor with an eccentric permanent magnet rotor, and a single-brush commutator adapted to the motor, and the 2 / 2-pole reluctance motor in an asymmetric magnetic field is provided. The brush driving scheme is taken as an example, and thus a brush driving scheme of a general reluctance motor is proposed.

The technical solution of the present invention is: For a 2/2 pole reluctance motor, a rotor or stator magnetic field that is eccentric with respect to the rotating shaft is used to obtain the starting torque of the motor at any phase. If it is a vibration motor, the shield core of the rotor is also deflected at the same time. The single-brush commutator is the stator winding wire. The current is switched on and off according to the position of the rotor. The vibration motor has an axial air gap. The power motor can choose axial and radial air. Gap.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention of the two-pole motor, the characteristics of the two-pole motor are reasonably used, and the starting torque is obtained by eccentricity of the rotor magnetic poles, and the vibrator effect is obtained. There is no short circuit in the commutation process; each pole wire 通电 is normally energized only in two-thirds of a week's phase, and the rotation efficiency is high.

The single-brush commutator has a simple and reliable structure, which solves the brushed neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet DC motor with small size and mass and high strength, but it must be used as a stator. The wire coil has large mass, large strength, low strength, and technology. The processing margin is small, but it must be used as a rotor, which causes the problem of large moment of inertia of the permanent magnet DC motor. If the single-brush commutator is connected to the control terminal of the power switch circuit, the power output terminal of the power switch circuit is directly controlled to the winding wire.圏 The current is switched on and off. For ordinary reluctance motors, it can not only replace the rotor position detection circuit, but also avoid electric sparks caused by the brush by controlling large currents, and thus generate electromagnetic radiation and damage to the surface of the brush. Ablation, so that the structured brush can be applied to the reluctance motor, and the life of the brush is greatly improved.

If the eccentricity of the rotor's magnetic poles about the rotating shaft is balanced but the center of gravity is balanced, or the line with the center of gravity balanced about the rotating shaft is used as the rotor, and the eccentric magnetic poles are used as the stator, the two-pole motor can be self-starting Force without vibration, so that the characteristics of two-pole motors with large torque and high speed have a wider prospect in practical applications.

As a flat miniature permanent magnet vibration motor, using a permanent magnet as the rotor can not only have a large degree of freedom in adjusting the eccentricity of the rotor, but also make the magnetic air gap in the axial direction smaller and more stable due to the elimination of the wire support plate. . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a micro-vibration motor according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of a first case of the motor circuit of the first embodiment; FIG. 2B is the first embodiment Schematic diagram of the second case of the motor circuit; FIGS. 3A to F are corresponding diagrams of the running state of the motor and the commutation phase of the commutator in the first embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a phase sequence diagram of magnetic poles of two stator wires under the function of a commutator of the first embodiment of the motor; FIG.

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a miniature vibration motor according to the second embodiment;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a miniature vibration motor according to the third embodiment;

7 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an eccentric permanent magnet rotor vibration motor for a radial air gap;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a rotor scheme in which a rotor has a center of mass balance and an eccentric magnetic pole;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a stator coil offset, rotor magnetic pole and centroid symmetrical motor; Fig. 10 is a bottom view of a stator magnetic pole offset, rotor winding and centroid symmetrical motor with an axial air gap, and an axial air gap. Schematic

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a bipolar ring-shaped commutator.

In the picture, the eccentric rotor, 2. stator, 3. commutator, 4. fixed shaft, 5. bearing, 6. motor housing, 10. permanent magnet, 11. eccentric rod, 12. rotor shaft sleeve, 13. electric Brush holder, 14. Radial air-gap eccentric rotor, 15. Non-eccentric rotor, 20. Granular iron core, 21. Wire reed 1, 22. Wire reed 2, 23. Molded core, 24. Sub-pole of stator, 30. Brush , 31. commutator, 32. brush ring, 33. brush ring brush, 34. brush ring brush Seat, 35. Grounding commutator, 41 Rotary shaft, 50. Shaft seat washer, 51. Upper shaft seat, 52. Lower shaft seat, 60. Motor base plate, 61. Motor top cover, 210. Center tap of wire coil 1 Terminal b, 211. Start a, 212 of coil 1; End c, coil 213 of coil 1, N1 coil of coil 1, 214 S1 coil of coil 1, coil 220, Center tap end of coil 2 b, 221. Initial end a of line 圏 2, 222. End end c of line 圏 2, 223. N1 pole line 圏 of line 圏 2, 224. S2 pole line 线圈 of coil 2. detailed description

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a DC micro-vibration motor according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. This motor takes the stator coreless two-phase line 圏 straight, and the rotor two poles eccentric permanent magnets.

The eccentric rotor (1) is located on the axial side of the stator coils 1 (21) and 2 (22), and is supported by the lower shaft seat (52) so that the rotor (1) and the stator coil (2) are positioned between A very small magnetic air gap is maintained in the axial direction. The stator coils 1 (21) and 2 (22) are hollow, the axes of the two coils (21) and (22) are parallel to the fixed axis, and the line between the axes of the two stator coils intersects the axis of the fixed shaft (4) . Stator wire 圏 1 (21) and stator wire 圏 2 (22) are bonded and fixed on the motor base plate (60). One end of the fixed shaft (4) is fixed on the lower shaft seat (52) of the motor base plate (60), and the other end is inserted into the upper shaft seat (51) of the motor upper cover (60).

_{7 The} 1 eccentric rotor (1) can take many forms. Shown in Figure 1 is a preferred embodiment of a permanent magnet eccentric rotor (1). In the figure, the permanent magnet poles (10) of the permanent magnet eccentric rotor (1) have a magnetic pole eccentricity (11) relative to the fixed shaft (4). The arc-shaped eccentric permanent magnet (10) has magnetic poles at both ends of the arc and is magnetized in the axial direction. The angle between the two magnetic poles to the axis is 120 °. One end of the eccentric rod (11) is connected to the arc-shaped permanent magnet (10), and the other end is connected to the shaft sleeve (12). The shaft sleeve (12) is sleeved on the fixed shaft (4), so that the permanent magnet eccentric rotor (1) rotates relative to the fixed shaft (4) and the stator coil (2). The shaft seat gasket (50) isolates the rotor shaft sleeve (12) from the two shaft seats (51) and (52), and buffers the axial vibration force from the rotor shaft sleeve, reduces bearing vibration and lubricates.

An endless belt-shaped commutator (3) is sleeved on the fixed shaft and fixed at the center position between the stator coil 圏 1 (21) and the stator coil 圏 2 (22) at the ₇ 1U eccentric rotor (1) The shaft sleeve (12) and the fixed shaft (4) pass through the circular hole in the middle of the shaft sleeve (12). The electric brush (30) is fixed on the eccentric rod (11) of the permanent magnet eccentric rotor (1), and the contacts are pressed to change under its own elastic action. On the commutator (3).

The stator coil 1 (21) and the stator coil 2 (22) respectively have a coil end start a (211), d (221), and center tap ends b (210) and e (220) and end c (212) ) And f

(222). Among them, for the stator coil 圏 2 (22), if the current flows from the center tap e (220) and flows out from d (221), then the stator coil 圏 2 (22) shows S to the 7jU rotor (1). Pole, and the current flows from f (222), the stator line 圏 2 (22) shows N pole to the rotor (1). However, if the current flows from the center tap b (210) and flows from c (212) and a (211) at the same time, the stator wire 圏 1 (21) shows no polarity to the rotor (1).

This is actually the case. The center tap of each wire coil is fixedly connected to one electrode of the power source, such as the positive pole of the power source. If the stator wire coil 1 (21) is expected to behave as the N pole, the current is directed to the center tap b (210) And the N1 epipolar line 213 (213) composed of the end point c (212), and vice versa, the current is directed to the S1 polar line 214 (214) composed of the center tap b (220) and the starting point a (211).

Similarly, for stator line 圏 2 (22), there are corresponding N2 pole lines 圏 (223) and S2 pole lines 圏

(224).

In order to avoid the inconsistent performance of stator coil 圏 1 (21) on the N and S poles, N1 wire (213) and S1 coil (214) can be manufactured in the process by double-wire winding in the same direction at the same time, and will be made by One end of the two-wire coil formed by this is connected to the end of the other, forming a center tap b (210), which is connected to one electrode of the power source, such as the positive pole of the power source.

Since the end of each double-wire-wound coil is fixedly connected to the corresponding commutator piece (31) on the commutator (3), and the other end is fixedly connected to the positive pole of the power supply, each wire can be guaranteed The electric current in the stream is flowing in a predetermined direction.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the motor circuit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the center tap ends b (210) and e (220) of all the stator coils are positively connected to the DC power source, and all the starting ends a (211), d ( 221) and the end c (212) and f (222) are connected according to the ¾ = eye position angle to the corresponding commutator (31) of the commutator (3); brush (30)-end and commutator (3) sliding contact, the other end of which is connected to the brush holder (13) of the eccentric rod (11) as an electric conductor; the eccentric rod (11) of the permanent magnet eccentric rotor (1) passes through the shaft sleeve (12) and the fixed shaft ( 4) Contact fit by means of sliding bearings, It is finally connected to the negative pole of the DC power supply.

When the motor is running, the current flows from the positive pole of the power supply → the center tap end b (210) or e (220) of the wire coil → the start end a (211), d (221) or the end end c (212), f (222) of the coil → Reversing piece (31) → Brush (30) → Brush holder (13) → Eccentric rod (11) → Rotor shaft sleeve (12) → Fixed shaft (4) → Shaft holder (6) → Negative power supply.

Because the brush (30) is driven by the brush holder (13) fixed on the rotor, it rotates relative to the commutator (3), so that the N1, Sl, N2 and S2 polar wires 接通 are connected in phase sequence and Open to form a directional torque to the rotor.

FIG. 2B illustrates another embodiment of the motor circuit of the present invention. In this embodiment, in the above-mentioned circuit circuit, the brush holder (13) is insulated from the eccentric rod (11), and is electrically connected to a brush ring (32) separately installed. The brush ring brush (33) is kept in electrical contact with the brush ring (32), and is fixed on the brush ring brush holder (34), and the brush ring brush holder (34) is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply. The embodiment scheme represented by this circuit can be described in FIG. 5.

Figure 2 only exemplifies the form in which the commutator blades of the single-brush commutator directly drive the winding coils, which will usually cause commutation sparks. If the commutator is connected to the control end of a power switch circuit, such as the base of a Darlington power transistor, and the coil is connected to the emitter of the Darlington, the commutation spark will no longer exist, and the commutator It can work under a small voltage and current, and the working life is greatly enhanced.

Figures 3A to F illustrate the corresponding relationship between the rotation angle of the motor and the phase of the commutator (3) during operation of the first embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 3A ~ F, for obvious and easy explanation, S line 圏 and N line 圏 are treated as inner and outer lines 圏. Wherein the outer wire N is N1 or N2 wire 分别 in the energized state, and the inner coil is S1 or S2 coil in the energized state, respectively.

Fig. 3A shows that the corner is zero. At this time, the brush (30) is at line 圏 1 (21) magnetic pole commutation instant. At this time, the line S2 of line 圏 2 is connected. The S pole of the permanent magnet eccentric rotor (1) is repelled by the S pole magnetism of line 圏 2 (22), and the rotor (1) is deflected so that its S pole deviates from the center position of line 圏 2 in order to find the minimum reluctance state and form a counter rotor ( 1) Turn the torque clockwise.

The N1-pole coil (213) and the S1 coil (214) of coil 1 (21) are simultaneously turned on at this moment, the magnetism of line 圏 1 (21) is cancelled, and only the S1 line 214 (214) was turned on before , After that, the Nl coil (213) is turned on, and each of the N poles of the rotor (1) is continuously driven in a clockwise driving torque.

Figure 3B shows when the rotor (1) is deflected to 60. At this time, the brush is in the position where the commutator (3) turns on the N1 line 223 (223) of line 圏 1 (21). Previously, the two poles of the rotor (1) were first N poles repelled by the N1 pole line 圏 (213) of the line 圏 1 (21), and then the S pole of the rotor was attracted by the N1 pole line 圏 (213) of the coil 1 (21). . When the rotor rotates to 60 °, it is 60 at the front and back. Within the range of 120 ° rotation angle, it has a relatively stable clockwise driving torque. At this time, the normal working current of a wire coil has a strong force on both magnetic poles of the rotor (1) until the S pole of the rotor reaches Center position of coil 1 (21).

Since this embodiment is directed to a 2 / 2-pole DC motor, when the angular distance of one magnetic pole of a rotor with respect to a certain line is close to or exceeds 90 °, the force and arm of the coil on the rotor (1) by the magnetic pole Will decrease rapidly, but the current component of the line to the rotor poles will increase rapidly under the trend of decreasing the induced electromotive force. It can be confirmed that the motor has an electromechanical efficiency under the influence of this factor. Declining trend.

In order to avoid this phenomenon and improve the electromechanical efficiency of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, 60 is selected in this embodiment. As the working range of the coil and rotor magnetic poles. That is, when the angular distance of a magnetic pole of a rotor from a certain line is more than 60 °, the commutator will cut off the current applied to the rotor's magnetic pole by the line.

Figure 3C shows that when the rotor (1) is deflected to 120 °, the S pole of the rotor coincides with the center position of the line 圏 1 (21), and the line 圏 1 is at the moment of commutation. At this time, the N pole of the rotor starts to be attracted by the S2 coil (224) of the coil 圏 2 (22), so that the driving torque received by the rotor is continuous continuously at the moment of commutation.

In fact, at any moment of commutation in this embodiment and at any corner position, the driving torque received by the rotor (1) has not been interrupted, and the value of the driving torque does not fluctuate greatly, and its value is similar to sine | + | sin (Θ- 60 °).

Fig. 3D shows that when the rotor is deflected to 180 °, the N pole of the rotor coincides with the center position of the coil 2 (22). Before the reversing process of wire 圏 2 (22) ends, the S pole of the rotor continues to generate clockwise turning torque by the action of wire 1 (213) of wire) 1 (21). When line 2 (22) trades After the end, the rotor has rotated through the center position of the coil 2 (22), and has a force arm on the coil 2 (22) again. At this time, the N2 pole wire 223 (223) of the coil 2 (22) generates a clockwise torque to the N pole of the rotor, and the S pole wire 214 (214) of the wire 圏 1 ends when the commutation of the wire 圏 2 (22) ends. The current is cut off and the effect on the S pole of the rotor is lost.

Figures 3E and F below will basically repeat the principle process described above without further description.

In short, the micro-vibration motor of the first embodiment of the present invention determines the commutation phase relationship of the commutator (3) of this solution based on the angle of the rotor poles of 120 ° and the range of action of 60 °. Since the two angles are complementary to each other, any other two schemes of the rotor magnetic pole angle and the range of the complementary angle can also constitute such a motor in principle, but 60. The 120 ° scheme has the characteristics of simple structure, no dead point during starting, and no short circuit of commutation, and it does not need the positioning device of the initial starting position that is usually required for a reluctance motor.

FIG. 4 is a phase sequence diagram of stator pole commutation corresponding to each position of FIGS. 3A to F. FIG. The part marked with a letter in the figure is the period during which the corresponding wire end of the stator coil (2) is energized, and it has the same meaning as the letter on the commutator (31) in Figs. 3A ~ F.

FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of a miniature vibration motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The change part of the motor structure is to install the commutator (3) at the center of the electrode upper cover (61), and the upper shaft seat (51) is located at the center of the commutator (3). The brush (30) is also moved to the eccentric rod (11) on the back of the rotor, and is combined with the brush ring brush (33), and is fixed to the combined brush of the brush holder (13) and the brush ring brush holder (34). Seat. Similarly, the brush ring (32) is also merged with the commutator (3).

FIG. 5 also describes another stator implementation of the electric machine according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the micro permanent magnet vibration motor structure described above, the two stator wires 1 (21) and 2 (22) A granular core is embedded in the hollow part of the coil (20).

FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of a micromotor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. What makes this solution unique is its core device. This type of core can improve the efficiency of the rotor and make the radial dimension of the motor smaller.

Fig. 7 is a partial schematic diagram of a vibration motor using an eccentric rotor with a radial air gap. The eccentric rotor is in the form of an outer radial air gap relative to the core or a cup-like rotor.

The form of fixed connection between the rotor and the rotating shaft in Figs. 6 and 7 and the rotating shaft can extend out of the casing. In addition, these special application forms also foretell that if the center of gravity of the rotor is aligned with the rotating shaft and the rotor's magnetic poles are eccentric, the micromotor form of the present invention can also be applied as a drag power motor without vibration characteristics.

Figure 8 is a rotor scheme for balancing the rotor's center of gravity above the shaft. The center line of the two magnetic poles of the rotor does not intersect the rotating shaft. This is a 2 / 2-machine reluctance motor used for power drag, which is the form of rotor for non-vibration applications. The rotor therefore has the same starting torque as the eccentric rotor, but it does not vibrate.

Figure 9 shows a stator winding biased motor scheme. In this solution, the connection between the two magnetic pole centers of the stator windings does not intersect the rotating shaft, but the connection between the two magnetic pole centers of the rotor intersects the rotating shaft, and the center of mass of the rotor is on the rotating shaft.

The scheme of FIG. 9 is a modification of the scheme of the rotor shown in FIG. 8. The starting torque still exists, but the rotor does not need to be trimmed.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a conventional 2 / 2-pole motor with a stator pole bias and a symmetrical rotor armature structure. The starting torque of this motor still exists, and as long as it is equipped with a single-brush commutator, there will be no short circuit of the power supply during the commutation instant.

In combination with the scheme of FIG. 8 and similar to the scheme shown in FIG. 10, there may be a scheme in which the magnetic pole offset generated by the rotor armature and the two magnetic pole centers of the permanent magnet stator are connected to intersect the rotating shaft. The rotor armature can also be made into a magnetic pole distribution structure as shown in Fig. 8. The effect is similar to that of a common three-slot DC motor rotor, and one salient pole winding is opened as a counterweight.

With a single-brush commutator, the rotor armature can still be started. If used for vibration applications, remove the salient pole as a counterweight.

FIG. 11 is a bipolar commutator sheet structure. This commutator consists of two groups, one of which is the commutator (31) of the connecting wire 圏 discussed earlier, and the other is a simple brush ring (32). The brush ring (32) can be directly connected to the power ground wire, so it can also be called a ground commutator (35). The brushes (30) can simultaneously contact the commutator plates (31) and (35) in the same phase, so there is no need for the shaft and the shaft seat to serve as ground connections, thereby avoiding electrical corrosion caused by the electrical contact between the shaft hole and the shaft.

The invention will open up the application prospect of 2 / 2-pole DC motors, especially in the field of micro-motors. The miniature vibration motor solution provided by the present invention is also an impact on the field of conventional AC asynchronous vibration motors. The single-brush commutator has practical significance for reducing the cost of a reluctance motor.

Claims

Rights request

1. A 2 / 2-pole motor having a stator and a rotor. When the motor is in operation, both the stator and the rotor exhibit only two magnetic poles, characterized in that the rotating shaft of the rotor does not intersect at least one of the following wires: a. The connection between the two magnetic pole centers of the rotor;

b. The connection between the two pole centers of the stator.

2. The 2 / 2-pole motor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic air gap between the stator and the rotor of the motor is axial.

3. The 2 / 2-pole motor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic air gap between the stator and the rotor of the motor is radial.

4. The 2 / 2-pole motor according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that when the motor is used as a vibration motor, the center of mass of the rotor is not on the rotating shaft.

5. The 2 / 2-pole motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stator is composed of at least two sets of windings, and each winding is placed in a radial direction around the rotating shaft, and the stator windings The upward distribution is uniform.

6. The 2 / 2-pole motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: when an angular distance of a magnetic pole of a rotor from a line of a stator exceeds a complement angle of an included angle of the magnetic poles of the rotor, the stator line is cut to the magnetic pole of the rotor Of the applied current.

7. A single-brush commutator, comprising a set of commutator segments and a brush, wherein: a. At least one independent coil is coupled to a commutator segment;

b. The brush is coupled to one electrode of the power source, the commutator is coupled to the first terminal of the independent wire coil, and the second terminal of the wire coil is coupled to the other electrode of the power source;

c The brushes come into contact with each of the commutator segments in sequence during the rotation of the rotor.

8. The single-brush commutator according to claim 7, wherein:

a. The commutator is coupled to the control end of the power switch component;

b. The output end of the power switch component is coupled to the first terminal of the independent coil, and the second terminal of the wire is coupled to the other electrode of the power source;

c A commutation chip is coupled to the control end of at least one independent power switch component.

9. The single-brush commutator according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: when an angular distance of a magnetic coil of a rotor of a rotor exceeds a complement angle of a magnetic pole angle of the rotor, The current applied to the rotor poles.

10. A single-brush 2 / 2-pole reluctance motor with a stator and a rotor. When the motor is in operation, both the stator and the rotor exhibit only two magnetic poles. It is characterized in that the rotating shaft of the rotor does not intersect at least one of the following wires. :

a. The connection between the two magnetic pole centers of the rotor;

b. The connection between the two pole centers of the stator;

And, the motor has a single-brush commutator, and the single-brush commutator includes a set of commutator segments and a brush, wherein:

Each of the independent coils of the rotor and / or stator windings, one end of which is coupled to the commutator, and the other end of which is coupled to an electrode of the power supply;

The brush is coupled to the other electrode of the power supply;

One commutator is coupled with at least one independent coil;

The brushes are in contact with each of the commutator blades sequentially during the rotation of the rotor.

11. The single-brush 2 / 2-pole reluctance motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: when an angular distance of a magnetic coil of a rotor of a certain stator exceeds a complement angle of a rotor pole included angle, the change The commutator cuts off the current applied to the rotor poles by the stator wire.