JPS5833700A - Prevention of water leakage and freezing of tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a construction method for preventing water leakage and freezing in tunnels.

Treatment of spring water and intruding rainwater is an important issue in tunnel construction, so drain pipes are installed from the ground under the side walls every few sails. In places where there is spring water during excavation, put a water plate or water stop sheet in the arch part, and put vinyl lock in the abutment part and side wall.
Although we are taking every precaution to prevent water leakage by channeling water through
Even so, water leakage can occur for various reasons after concrete lining.

When the causes of water leakage are analyzed, they can be broadly classified into the following three causes. First, when constructing a new tunnel, there was no significant spring water during excavation, but the upper ground loosened during excavation, or the gap on the back of the lining reached the upper part, causing the density to become sparse.
In cases where it is thought that rainwater has been completely absorbed over a considerable area, and secondly, in cases where it is caused by concrete lining, for example (a)
Defects during concrete placement, (b) Gaps due to hardening and shrinkage of concrete, (c) Occurrence of cracks, (g) Water leakage from pouring joints due to expansion and contraction of concrete due to temperature differences between day and night or summer and winter, (g) Water leakage of concrete When cracks occur at pour joints or due to extrusion when spring water in cracks freezes and expands, and thirdly, when cracks occur due to drainage treatment behind lining concrete, etc., (a) lining Causes due to poor adhesion between concrete joint stop plate and concrete (b)
There is a possibility that the pipe lock behind the covered concrete is clogged with water conduction, or that the construction is defective.

Due to the complex and various causes mentioned above, the methods to prevent water leakage and freezing from the lining concrete surface are as follows:
Various approaches have been considered and several attempts have been made in various areas, but no satisfactory method has been found. Particularly in tunnels located in cold regions such as Tohoku and Hokkaido, as shown in Figure 1, water leakage on the surface of the concrete lining can freeze in the winter (a) or form icicles (b), causing damage to the tunnel structure. , track, electrical equipment C
(In addition to causing damage, it also has a negative impact on the operational safety of trains and automobiles.For this reason, in cold regions: deicing requires a great deal of effort, time, and expense, and is a source of concern.) .

Traditionally, the methods commonly used to prevent water leakage are:
This is the V-cut water leak prevention work shown in Figure 2.

To do this, use a cutter or the like to make a square cut on the wall surface of the button or water leakage point as shown in the figure, and then cut the entire water guide groove e so that the water leakage point or crack d is located at the back.

This is a construction method in which the opening side of this V-shaped water guide groove e is filled with a water leak prevention material f4 such as quick-setting water mortar or epoxy mortar, and the water guide channel gk is embedded.

In this construction method, the headrace g is embedded in the water leakage point d, and its opening is closed, so that spring water does not leak onto the surface of the inner wall 1 of the tunnel, and the headrace g? Since it trickles down to the drainage ditch under the roadbed i, in warm regions this alone is sufficient to act as a leakage treatment. However, this requires cutting the entire wall surface 1 into a V-shape or box-shape, and this cutting work is actually quite difficult. This is because the tunnel is a narrow space, and inside the tunnel there are various communication cables, electric wires, and various other electrical equipment C, and there are obstacles, making it difficult to work under adverse conditions. To become. In other words, when cutting a wall surface with a cutter, care must be taken not to damage the operating wiring or various cables, and care must be taken to avoid electrical accidents such as short circuits near high voltage wiring cables. In addition, in some cases, the wall behind the distribution cable cannot be cut to the trench, so the distribution cable must be temporarily moved, all leakage prevention work must be carried out, and once the work is completed, it must be reinstalled as before. This required a lot of labor, time, and expense. In addition, conventional water leakage prevention methods do not take any precautions to prevent freezing, so in cold regions, the inside of the water conduit g freezes quickly, resulting in a V
This freezes and generates a large amount of territorial water A and icicles B. This large icicle b has a diameter of 15 crn and a length of 2.5 m, and is stretched over the entire side wall to a thickness of 1 t60 cIn to 1 m in territorial water a, and is a V-cut water leakage prevention that has been painstakingly constructed.
If it cracks, freezes, and flakes off, causing a train or car to run on it, it becomes an extremely dangerous situation.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and eliminates the need to cut water leakage points in tunnels with cutters, etc., and is a water leakage prevention member made of sponge rubber that has air/water tightness, heat insulation properties, and flexibility. We provide all construction methods for preventing water leakage and freezing in tunnels, which are characterized by the fact that water leakage and freezing can be easily prevented by completely fixing the headrace channel surrounded by the surface of the water leakage point on the inner wall surface of the tunnel. That is.

Hereinafter, this invention will be explained in detail based on the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 to 10.

Figure 3 shows the water leakage and icing prevention method according to the present invention at the water leakage location on the wall 1 inside the tunnel. It is a perspective view showing the construction state. This construction method according to the present invention has a fourth
The water leakage prevention member 3 as shown in FIGS.
As shown in Figures 10 to 10, they are surrounded and fixed.

The water leakage prevention R1f material 3 is made of sponge rubber having a thickness greater than a predetermined value and having air/water tightness, heat insulation properties, and flexibility. This sponge rubber has an independent pore structure and is a highly air- and water-tight material with excellent breathability and water absorption, making it highly effective in protecting against the cold.

The quality of the rubber is preferably honeyoprene sponge rubber, and it is desirable to use a product equivalent to or higher than those shown below.

(1) Material: Sponge rubber (preferably neoprene sponge rubber) with a thickness of 302 to 60'X.

(11) Hardness: C type sponge Hardness: 20±5 (11D strength at break: 2ffP/i or more) (N specific gravity: approximately 0.3 (V)) Water absorption rate (30°C, 190h, immersion J, L) 3
% or less M Cold resistance Eye temperature -35° to -40''C (Vil
Thermal conductivity (J/cm-8-K) 0.4 X 10-3
The shape of the water leakage prevention member of the above quality is as shown in Fig. 4, which is a thick plate 3a with flanges 6a on both left and right sides.
, 6a' f, as shown in FIG. 6b, 6b', the cross section is a semi-circular arc shape 3b, or as shown in Figure 6, -
A box-shaped concave groove portion 5c in the longitudinal direction constituting a water conduit 4 to be described later on the side surface, and flange portions 6c provided on both left and right sides of the groove portion 5c.
6c' and a box-like hat-shaped cross section 3c may be used.

Further, as members for fixing the water leakage prevention member 3 according to the present invention, an adhesive 7, an elongated holding plate 9,9' having a round stopper hole 8,8' shown in FIG.
．． 10' are prepared. It is best to use beautiful and corrosion-resistant metal fittings such as stainless steel or aluminum sash for the holding plates 9 and 9'.

Next, a complete explanation will be given of the construction method for the water leakage location 2 in the tunnel using the above-mentioned prepared members.

If it is suitable for construction using the water leak prevention member 3ai formed in a plate shape without cutting, as shown in FIG. In this case, water may be leaking from the pipe. The groove 1
1 is fixed on the wall surface 1 so as to close the entire opening with a plate-shaped water leak prevention member 3a, and at the same time, the water leakage point 2 in the groove 11 is surrounded and the groove/#11 itself is formed as a water conduit 4.

This fixing method involves adhesively fixing the left and right flange portions 6a, 6a'i of the water leak prevention member 3a in contact with the wall surface 1 with an adhesive 7, and placing a presser plate 9, 9' on the flange portions 6a, 6a'. Place it completely on top and fix it to the wall surface 1 with screws 10 and 10' while holding down. Plate-shaped water leak prevention material 3affi for tf
As shown in FIG. 9, this is bent and deformed into a curved shape in its entire center, thereby forming the entire headrace 4 and contacting the covered concrete wall 1 in the tunnel so as to include the water leakage point 2. , the contacting sides 7 langes 6a, 6a''
k Adhesively fix with adhesive 7 applied in advance. Thereafter, a presser plate 9.9' is attached to the upper surface of the flange portions 6a, 6a' and fixed with screws 10.10'. At this time, it is preferable that the adhesive 7 be a two-component hot adhesive consisting of an epoxy resin as a main component and a curing agent.

Further, even when all of the water leakage prevention members 3b and 3c whose cross sections are formed in a semicircular arc shape or box shape as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are used, the water leakage prevention members 3b,
The concave groove portions 5b and 5c of 9. 9. surround the water leakage point 2 outwardly while forming the water conduit 4 and abut against the lining concrete wall surface 1 in a hanging manner, and the flange portions 6b, 6b', 6c, 6c' After gluing with adhesive 7, attach the presser plate 9.9' and screw the screw 10.10.
’ is fixed. (Fig. 9, Fig. 10) According to the above, the present invention provides a plate having air/water tightness, heat insulation properties, and flexibility in preventing water leakage at water leakage point 2 in a tunnel and freezing due to this water leakage. A water leakage prevention member 3 made of thick sponge rubber, a presser plate 9.9', and a screw 10.10' are all prepared, and with this water leakage prevention member 3, the flange formed at the water leakage side is attached with adhesive 7. At the same time, attach the entire holding plate 9.9' from above the adhesively fixed flange part, and attach it with screws 10.10.
By fixing the wall 1 inside the tunnel, all spring water from the water leakage point 2 is transferred to the roadbed 11 through the water conduit 4.
This is a construction method for preventing water leakage and freezing in tunnels, which is characterized in that water is treated to drain into the drainage ditch 12 below to prevent freezing due to water leakage. The tunnel is surrounded by a leak-preventing construction method made of thick sponge rubber that is highly flexible, heat-insulating, and flexible, and forms a water conduit, preventing spring water from entering the tunnel or leaking out. Water conduit soon? to prevent water leakage from the tunnel's inner walls. At the same time, the spring water during wastewater treatment does not come into contact with the outside air and has insulation properties, so there is no need to worry about the spring water freezing even in cold regions. According to research, the temperature of the concrete lining inside the tunnel i
It is warm except for the fact that it is strongly influenced by the temperature of other mountains on the back side, and the spring water does not freeze due to the temperature of the ground. Freezing of spring water is a phenomenon that occurs when it comes into contact with or is affected by the low air temperature inside the tunnel. Therefore, if you surround the spring water with sponge rubber, which has a cold protection effect, and drain the water into the drainage ditch 12 under the roadbed 11 while turning the water so that cold air does not come in contact with the spring water, this spring water will freeze and flow into the tunnel. Leak 1 There will be no more leaks.

In addition, according to the water leakage and icing prevention method of the present invention, there is no need to perform the troublesome pretreatment process of cutting the water leakage points that occur inside the tunnel with a cutter, etc., and simply attach the water to the wall inside the tunnel from the surface with an adhesive. All you need to do is fix it and simply secure it with a presser plate and screws.
The construction work is easy and quick, reducing construction costs and improving work efficiency. In particular, the present invention can be constructed easily and reliably in the -ht state even under adverse conditions where there are obstacles such as electrical equipment inside the tunnel, making it a much more practical construction method than the conventional one. became.

In addition, the leakage prevention member used in the present invention is highly flexible, so it can adapt to subtle irregularities on the inner wall surface of the lining concrete, and can also accommodate the expansion and contraction of concrete pouring joints, and the size of the water conduit. The construction work can be changed to some extent depending on the location of the spring water, so anyone can easily and reliably perform the work to prevent water leakage and prevent freezing.2 From that point of view, it is very practical. It can be said to be a highly efficient construction method.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional water leakage prevention method in a tunnel, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the main part showing the conventional water leakage prevention method, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a conventional water leakage prevention method in a tunnel. FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 are perspective views showing each embodiment of the water leakage prevention member, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the retaining plate and the screw fastener. It is a sectional view showing a state in which the water leakage prevention member sound according to each of the above embodiments is installed in the WJB diagram, FIGS. 9 and 10. 1...Wall surface, 2...Water leak location, 3.3a, 3b, 3
c,... Water leak prevention member, 4... Water conduit, 6a, 6a
', 6b, 6b', 6c, 6c'...7 rank part, 7...adhesive, 9'9'...pressing plate, 10,10
'...Screw, 12...Drainage ditch, Patent applicant: Japan Axillary Co., Ltd. JP-A-58-33700 (6) 40 Figure 8

Claims (1)

[Claims] In order to prevent water from leaking in tunnels and from freezing due to water leakage, we have prepared a water leakage prevention member made of thick sponge rubber that has air/water tightness, heat insulation, and flexibility, as well as retaining plates and screws. Then, the water leakage point is surrounded by this water leakage prevention member so as to form a water conduit, and the flanges formed on the left and right sides of the water leakage prevention member are all adhesively fixed to the wall inside the tunnel with adhesive. At the same time, all 144 parts are attached from above the adhesively fixed flange part and fixed to the wall surface in the tunnel with screws, thereby all the spring water conduit channels from the water leakage point are valved and the drainage is treated.・Method for preventing water leakage and freezing of tunnels 1゜, which is characterized by completely preventing freezing due to water leakage.