JPS58335A - Pipe inserting device for heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a pipe inserting device which has reliability and operation efficiency improved and prevents a pipe hole from damaging, by laterally moving a freely elevated and lowered box body in conformity with pipe holes in the pipe plate of a heat exchanger, and providing a means which positions heat- conductive pipes at an insertion position and inserts the pipes. CONSTITUTION:The center of a box body 15 is positioned in the center of a pipe hole 9 in a pipe plate 6, and a pushing metallic fixture 53 is inserted into the hole 9 to confirm with the pipe hole 9. A heat-conductive pipe 34 is inserted into the pipe insertion opening of the box body 15 and is passed between a driving roller 29 and a press roller 33 to send the heat-conductive pipe 34 toward the pipe plate 6 by said pressing force. An air cylinder 48 is operated by signals of detection ends 60 and 61 to insert the heat-conductive pipe 34 into the pipe hole 9. Then, the box body 15 is moved and at a next pipe hole 9, the same operation is repreated. This mechanism inserts heat-conductive pipes 34 into pipe holes 9 precisely and also automates pipe inserting operation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a tube insertion device for a heat exchanger that is arranged in parallel between them, and particularly to a tube insertion device suitable for assembling a long heat exchanger.

Condensers used in large-capacity thermal power plants and nuclear power plants are extremely long. For example, in a condenser used in a power plant with an output of 1.1 million kW, the tube plate dimensions are approximately 7 mm in height and width.
m, the distance between the tube sheets, in other words, the length of the heat exchanger tubes reaches approximately 14 m. Multiple such long condensers are installed, but due to the limitations of land transportation and the difficulty of installation at construction sites, they are usually assembled on-site rather than in a factory.

By the way, in the on-site assembly of the long heat exchanger illustrated above, inserting the heat transfer tubes is a difficult task, and it is difficult to ensure the reliability of the work. In order to insert heat exchanger tubes in a tubular manner, it is necessary to support them at intervals of about 1 m, and normally about 10 workers are required to insert a single heat exchanger tube. In the above condenser example, the number of heat transfer tubes per condenser is approximately 25,000, so inserting heat transfer tubes into multiple condensers requires a large amount of man-hours. I can understand how difficult the work is. Moreover, when the height of the tube sheet reaches 7 m as mentioned above, scaffolding for workers is required, and this scaffolding has sufficient safety for high-altitude work in each work area, and , it must be devised so that the tube insertion work is easy. Even if we set up a scaffold that is safe and easy to work in, many workers would not be able to concentrate and
It required considerable skill to send out the heat exchanger tube straight in a predetermined direction and insert the tube. That is, the direction was skewed during the insertion of the tube, and the heat exchanger tube was bent.

The above discussion has focused on the problems encountered when assembling a large heat exchanger on-site, but these problems are also common when assembling a heat exchanger in a factory, although there are varying degrees of severity. In the past, this type of tube insertion work was difficult and took a lot of man-hours, but no improvements were made to the work method, and the actual situation was that old methods of work were followed.

The present invention was made in order to improve the problems of the conventional tube insertion operation, and an object thereof is to provide a tube insertion device for a heat exchanger that is highly reliable and has good working efficiency.

In order to achieve this objective, the tube insertion device according to the present invention mechanically automates the most important operation that requires reliability, which is the point of contact with the heat exchanger, among the various operations related to the tube insertion operation. It is.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

Figures 1 and 2 are drawings illustrating a heat exchanger to which the present invention is applied; Figure 1 is a side view, and Figure 2 is a part of a group of tube rows of heat exchanger tubes seen from a tube plate. Indicates -. In FIG. 1, 1 is a body, 2 is a head, and the body 1 is installed on a foundation 3. When the heat exchanger is completed, a large number of heat exchanger tubes 7 are arranged horizontally between the tube plates 6 provided at both ends of the body 1, and these heat exchanger tubes 7 have an intermediate portion. It is supported by a plurality of partition plates 8.

In FIG. 2, a large number of tubes 9 are provided in a staggered pattern on the tube plate 6, and the heat exchanger tubes 7 are inserted into these tubes 9. The tube type 9 is not provided on the entire surface of the tube sheet 6, and is not provided on the peripheral edge of the tube sheet 6 mainly from the viewpoint of fluid dynamics and structure, and the tube type 9 is not provided on the center part. There are some parts that cannot be done. It is well known that the pitch of the tubular type 9 is constant whether it is the staggered arrangement shown in the figure or the basic arrangement. It is also well known that the partition plate 8 shown in FIG.

In automating the tube insertion work, one important clue is that the pitch of the above-mentioned tube type 9 series is constant. Furthermore, it is also an important issue for practical use to detect in advance that the heat exchanger tube 7 cannot be inserted into a portion where the tube type 9 is not provided.

Hereinafter, FIGS. 3 to 8 show a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a tube insertion device according to the present invention. In FIGS. 3 to 5, the portion drawn with two-dot chain lines indicates a heat exchanger, and the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 above mean the same structure. The part drawn with solid lines shows the tube insertion device. 10 is the upper bracket, l
l are the lower brackets, respectively the head 2 of the heat exchanger
They are provided in pairs on each open flange portion 2A, and one side is fixed. A transverse rail 12, 13 is provided on the other side of each of the brackets.

These traverse rails are provided parallel to and horizontally with the surface of the tube plate 60, and their length is such that when the traverse mount 14 (described later) is traversed, the center of the box body 15 is in the width direction provided on the tube plate 6. The length should be longer than that capable of opposing all the pipes 9. Reference numeral 14 denotes a transverse frame, which is mainly composed of a pair of guide posts #6 erected in parallel and connecting members 17 and 18 that connect the upper and lower ends of the guide posts 16, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 6, rows 219, 20 are attached to the connecting members 17, 18 at key points, and these rollers abut against the transverse rails 12, 13. That is, the traversing frame 14 is movable along the traversing rails 12.13 via rollers.

The traverse drive device for the traverse frame 14 is a known means (not shown), and is preferably automated. That is, in order to accurately align the center of the box body 15 (to be described later) with the vertical center line of the tube type 9 for the tube type group of tube sheets 6 shown in FIG. Automatically traversing the traverse frame 14 with the dimension P or "AP" shown in FIG. 2 improves the accuracy and efficiency of the operation.

A box body 15 is provided between a pair of guide posts 16 constituting the traverse frame 14 so as to be movable up and down. The elevating and lowering drive device for the box body 15 is a known means, and is preferably automated. In other words, in order to accurately align the center of the box body with the lateral center line of the tube group shown in FIG. 1, a preset pitch (dimension Q shown in FIG. or ', 4Q), it is automatically possible to go up and down. FIG. 4 shows an example of the above drive device. The box body 15 is suspended by two ropes 21 and 22.
The connecting member 1 is made hollow via a pulley (not shown).
7 and guide post) 16, one end of which is connected to the winding drum 23. A rope 22 is similarly guided within the guide post 16 and has a counterweight 24 at one end.
is suspended. With the above configuration, most of the load of the box 15 is carried by the counterweight 24, and the rest of the load is carried by the full-volume cylinder 23, which moves the box 15 up and down. FIGS. 8 and 9 show cross-sectional views of the box 15 and the guide frame 40 connected to the box. The box body 15 has the guide post 1
A roller 25 is provided to sandwich the box 15 from both sides, and the box body 15 is moved to the guide post via this roller 25.
16 and move up and down smoothly. A tube insertion port 26 is provided at one end of the box. Reference numeral 27 denotes a guide member, which has a notched semicircular portion 28 having the same diameter as the tube insertion port end 6 at a horizontal position in front of the tube insertion port, and is used for initial tube insertion work (in this embodiment, this work is not performed). act as a guide to ensure accurate and efficient work (performed by hand). A pair of feeding rollers 29 and 30 are provided inside the box body 15 near the horizontal extension line of the tube insertion opening 26. Reference numeral 29 denotes a drive roller, which can be rotated in forward and reverse directions by a drive source 31 provided on the outside of the box body 15. The drive roller 29 is equipped with an adjustment spring 32 on its rotating shaft, and has a slight adjustment margin in the axial direction. Therefore, even if the tip of the inserted tube is slightly misaligned, it will work to correct the tube to its normal trajectory, and the movement of the drive roller 29 itself will prevent damage to the surface of the heat transfer tube. Preventing overload of the drive source. 30 is a suppression roller, and the drive roller 29
, and is biased by a suppression spring 33. When the heat transfer tube 34 is inserted between the driving roller 29 and the pressing roller 30, the suppressing roller 30 moves upward in FIG. When inserted into the tube, it applies a certain pressing force to the heat transfer tube.

This pressing force causes a constant frictional force between the surface of the heat transfer tube 34 and the drive roller 29, and the drive roller 29
Due to the forced rotation, the heat transfer tube 34 moves in the horizontal direction. The x mark 35 shown in FIG. 7 is a control detection end of the drive source 31, and for example, a limit switch or a photoelectric switch is used. That is, when the tip of the heat transfer tube 34 reaches the control detection end 35 through the tube insertion port 35, the drive source 31 starts driving by a signal from the detection end 35,
Normally, the drive row 229 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG.

40 is a guide frame, one end of which is connected to the other end of the box body 15 by a bolt nut 41, and the other end is connected to the tube plate 6 of the heat exchanger.
It extends horizontally to the closest position. The overlapping dimension t at the connecting portion between the box body 15 and the guide frame 40 can be adjusted by known means (not shown) (for example, by making the bolt holes of the box body 15 into elongated holes with a continuous adjustment allowance, etc.). For adjustment work, openings 36 and 42 are provided at the connecting portions of the box body 15 and the guide frame 40, respectively.

Inside the other end of the guide frame 40, that is, the side closer to the tube plate 6, there are a pair of driving rollers 43 and pressing rollers 44 for pushing the tube through.
The pivot roller is rotatable in forward and reverse directions by a drive source 45 provided outside the guide frame 40.

The driving roller 43 and the pressing roller 44 are connected to the box body 15.
It is provided opposite to a set of rows 229, 30 for feeding the tube provided in the extension position in the tube insertion direction. The purpose and function of the adjustment spring 46 provided on the rotating shaft of the drive roller 43 and the pressure spring 47 provided on the support shaft of the pressure roller 44 are the same as those of the adjustment spring 3z and the suppression spring 33 provided on the box body 15. An air cylinder 48 is mounted on a fixed seat 49 at a predetermined position at the bottom inside the guide frame.
It is rotatably provided around a pin 50 provided at the fulcrum. A pin 52 is provided at the tip of the piston rod 51 of the air cylinder 48, and a push metal fitting 53 is attached to the rotator a using the pin 52 as a fulcrum. The pusher 53 is mainly composed of a body portion having an outer diameter that is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the heat transfer tube 34 and a conical tip portion that is continuous with the body portion. The guide fitting 54 is attached so as to be perpendicular to the side waves 55 of the guide frame 40. A groove 56 for guiding the guide fitting 54 is provided in the side plate 55.

One end of the groove 56 starts near the bottom plate 57 of the guide frame 40,
It extends obliquely upward, is bent at the height of tube insertion, and extends horizontally, with the other end reaching a position close to the tube plate 6. In the above configuration, when the air cylinder 48 is operated to extend the piston rod 51, the guide fitting 54 is guided by the groove 56 and approaches the tube plate 9 in FIG.

In accordance with the movement of the guide fitting 54, the push fitting 53 rotates around the pin 52 (counterclockwise in the figure), while maintaining the horizontal position midway.
After passing through the gap, the tip end finally reaches the tube plate 6 and is inserted into the tube type 9. At this time, the air cylinder 48
follows the movement of the pusher 53 and rotates around the pin 5o (clockwise in the figure). When the piston rod 51 is retracted from this state, it returns to its original position by an operation opposite to that described above. The amount of insertion of the pusher 53 into the tube type 9 is an extremely important value in order to operate the main tube insertion device with high precision. For this purpose, by adjusting the overlapping dimension t as described above, the insertion amount is adjusted to the most preferable value.

58 is a tube support plate, which supports the heat exchanger tube S4 in the guide frame 4o.
It is installed horizontally at a slightly lower position than the passage space.

The purpose of this tube support plate 58 is to minimize the deflection of the heat exchanger tubes 34 when the heat exchanger tubes 34 pass through the guide frame 4°. The purpose of the projections 59 provided at appropriate locations on the tube support plate 58 is to minimize the lateral vibration of the heat exchanger tubes 34. The x mark 60 shown in FIG. 7 is a detection terminal for controlling the drive source 31 and the drive source 45, and like the detection terminal 35, a limit switch or a photoelectric switch is used. This detection end 60 is connected to a drive source provided at the other end of the guide frame 4° when the heat exchanger tube 34 is inserted from the box body 15 and the tip of the heat exchanger tube 34 reaches the set position of the detection end 60. 45 is driven. Therefore, at this point, both drive sources 31 and 45 are driven. The tube insertion further progresses, and the tip of the heat transfer tube 34 passes through a pair of opposing rollers 43, 44i of the guide frame 40, is inserted into the tube type 9, and is further inserted into the fuel exchanger, and the rear end of the heat transfer tube 34 is inserted into the tube type 9. When passing the position of the detection end 60, the drive source 31 on the box 15 side is stopped by the signal from the detection end 60, and only the drive source 45 on the guide frame 40 side continues to drive. Further, an x mark 61 shown at the other end of the guide frame 40 on the tube plate 6 side is a detection end for controlling the drive source 45 and the air cylinder 49 similarly. This detection end 61 is connected to the heat exchanger tube 3
When the rear end of the drive source 4 passes this position, a stop signal for the drive source 45 is sent. At this time, the heat exchanger tube 34 has a time lag until the drive source 45 stops, and the heat exchanger tube 34 in the insertion direction
It moves by a certain amount due to its own inertia, and its rear end reaches a position approximately between the leading edge of the guide frame 40 and the tube plate 6. Next, the air cylinder 48 is connected from the detection end 61 to the O paddle 1.
is actuated and pushed, the tip of the door 53 is wrapped inside the rear end of the heat transfer tube 34, and the heat transfer tube 34 is pushed into a predetermined position with precision.

The main configuration and main operation of tube insertion of this embodiment have been explained above, and the details of the operation will be explained below.

First, in the tube insertion device assembled as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the center of the box 15 is at a desired position, for example, the tube type 9 (1° 1) in column Xi and row Yi shown in FIG. is positioned to coincide with the center of the At this position, first see Figure 7.
Activate the air cylinder 4 shown in FIG.

1). This operation is to confirm whether or not a tube type exists at the position of the tube sheet where the tube is to be inserted before inserting the tube.After completing this confirmation, the air cylinder 4
The piston rod 51 of No. 8 is retracted and the tube insertion operation begins.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a conical protrusion 62 is attached to the tip of the heat exchanger tube 34, and the heat exchanger tube 34 is manually or mechanically moved so that it aligns with the tube insertion direction as much as possible. Insert into the tube insertion port of Suzu Ranbuchi 5. When the heat exchanger tube 34 is inserted, the detection end 35 is activated and the drive source 31 is driven.
Drive roller 29 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. This rotates. When the tip of the heat transfer tube is inserted between the drive roller 29 and the pressure roller 33, the pressure roller 33 is pushed upward and applies a pressure force to the heat transfer tube 34. Based on this pressure force, the heat transfer tube 34 and Drive roller 2
The heat exchanger tube 34 is sent toward the tube sheet side due to the frictional resistance between the tubes 9 and 9. Hereinafter, as described above, the drive source 45 and the air cylinder 48 are operated based on the signals from the detection ends 60 and 61.
The insertion work of the heat exchanger tube 34 into the tube type 9 (i, l) is completed. Next, the box 15 is lowered by a pitch Q to move the box 15 down to the row X.
i, Repeat the same operation for tube type 9 (1°3) in row Y3. At this time, the box body 15 is lowered by unwinding the winding drum 23 shown in FIG. When the winding drum is fixed and tubes are inserted in row Yj sequentially, it is sufficient to fill in only odd numbers or only even numbers as j.Therefore, similarly for column X1, j = 5, 7, 9.
Perform the tube insertion operations in sequence. At this time, there may be cases where a pipe type is not provided at a location corresponding to the corresponding 9('+'i). In this case, when the air cylinder 48 is operated as described above and the presence of the tube type is confirmed, the pusher fitting 53 will hit the tube plate 6, and this collision operation will be detected by means not shown. Then, the following tube formula 9 (i,
It is sufficient to proceed to the tube insertion operation of j9 +2). When all the tube insertion operations for row x1 are completed, the next step is to move to the tube insertion operation for rows X1-H. In this case, the guide post 16 is moved sideways by a distance P. Due to the movement of the guide post 16, the center of the box body 15 is also moved, and the same operations as in the row Xi are repeated. However, in this case, an even number is selected for j in row Yj.

By repeating the above operation, all the heat transfer tubes are inserted into the tube type 9 provided on the tube plate 6 with high precision.

Note that in this embodiment, the tube insertion speed is variable. That is, the tube insertion speed from when the heat exchanger tube 34 is inserted into the box 15 until the tip of the heat exchanger tube 34 is inserted into the tube type 9 is approximately 1 m/θ, and the tube insertion speed thereafter is approximately 3 m/θ. It is considered to be 8. The means for varying the tube insertion speed is the driving source 31.
．． This can be easily achieved by controlling a normal acceleration/deceleration mechanism provided at 45. By varying the tube insertion speed as described above, the overall time required for tube insertion can be reduced.

In addition, an overload prevention means is added to the drive source 31.45, and in the process of tube insertion operation, for example, the heat exchanger tube 34
If the tip of the tube collides with a foreign object or if the resistance during tube insertion exceeds a predetermined value, the drive sources 31 and 45 are stopped synchronously. Furthermore, in the heat exchanger 1, if the tubes provided on the tube plate 6 and the partition plate 8 are arranged with precision, no overload will occur when the tubes are inserted. The conical protrusion 6 attached to the tip of the heat transfer tube 34 prior to tube insertion
2 absorbs the deflection and lateral vibration of the heat exchanger tubes 34, and the device of this embodiment is very conveniently configured to align the advancing direction of the heat exchanger tubes 34 with the tube insertion direction.
There is no overload when inserting the tube. Conical protrusion 62
After the tube has been inserted, it is removed from the heat transfer tube at the other side of the tube plate and used repeatedly.

According to the inventors' calculations, the total number of heat transfer tubes in the three long condensers is 7"5,000.

Inserting the tube using human labor would require an estimated 750 man-hours. Approximately 300 yen when inserting a tube using this implementation device
Man-hours are sufficient. Therefore, not only the number of man-hours can be reduced, but also the construction period can be shortened. Further manual examples are listed below.

(1) The box 15 and the guide frame 4o do not need to be manufactured separately and may be integrally formed.

(2) The tube insertion direction is not necessarily horizontal, but may be diagonal.

13) The tube feeding means and tube pushing means provided in the box body 15 and the guide frame 4o are not limited to a combination of a drive roller and a pressing roller, and may be other means.

Further, these means are not limited to being provided only one each on the box body 15 and the guide frame 4°, but may be provided in plural numbers.

(4) When the diameter of the heat transfer tube changes, a mechanism is added to accommodate the change in tube diameter.

(5) Regarding the tube insertion operation procedure, the electric circuit is constructed so that row Yj is first set and then column X1 is filled in. In this modification, the insertion height of the heat exchanger tube to be inserted is
Since this does not change until the JO tube insertion operation is completed, there is an advantage that the operation of inserting the stem into the tube insertion port 26 of the box body is facilitated.

(6) The guide post 16 is provided horizontally and is movable up and down, and the box body 15 runs horizontally on the guide post. That is, the moving direction of the guide post and the box body is opposite to that of the device of the above embodiment. In this case, there is an advantage that the guide post needs to be fixed and only the box body needs to be moved laterally when implementing the operation (5) above.

As described above, the present invention has succeeded in automating the tube insertion work for heat exchangers, which conventionally relied on manual labor, and this automation has enabled highly reliable and efficient tube insertion work. It has become possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view illustrating a heat exchanger to which the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway front view showing a group of heat exchanger tubes, and Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. Side view showing the configuration, No. 4
The figure is its front view, Figure 5 is its plan view, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the traversing frame and the traversing rail, Figure 7 is a side sectional view showing the structure of the box and guide frame, and Figure 8 is a plan cross-sectional view thereof.・1 kitchen...heat exchanger, 6...tube plate, 9.
...Pipe hole, 14...Transverse mount, ]5...
Box body, 26... Pipe insertion port, 29... Drive roller, 30... Press roller, 31... Drive source, '7.34... Heat transfer tube, 40... Guide frame, 43 ... Drive roller, 44... Press roller, 45... Drive source, 48... Air cylinder, 53... Push metal fitting, 54... Guide metal fitting,
56...Groove, 62...Protrusion piece.

Claims (10)

[Claims] (1) When assembling a heat exchanger in which a large number of straight heat transfer tubes are arranged in parallel between tube sheets, the In accordance with the heat exchanger tube type, a box body is provided with a fixed interval from the tube plate and can be moved horizontally and vertically. and a guide frame whose other end reaches a position close to the tube sheet and transitions integrally with the box body, and the box body extends from the direction opposite to the direction in which the guide frame extends. It comprises a tube insertion port for insertion, and a tube feeding means for feeding the inserted heat exchanger tube into the guide frame, and the guide frame takes over the heat exchanger tube fed from the box body and is provided on the tube sheet. 1. A tube insertion device for a heat exchanger, comprising a tube pushing means for inserting a heat transfer tube into a tube type and pushing it in the direction in which it is arranged. (2) The box body is attached to a transverse pedestal that is movable horizontally in parallel to the surface of the tube plate, and is movable up and down by a drive source provided on the traversal pedestal. A heat exchanger tube insertion device according to claim 1. (3) The heat exchanger tube insertion device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the guide frame is adjustable in length in its extending direction. (4) The tube feeding means included in the box includes a drive roller;
Claims 1, 2, or 3 are characterized by comprising a suppression roller that is provided opposite to the drive roller and applies a predetermined pressing force to the heat transfer tube inserted between these rollers. The heat exchanger tube insertion device according to item 3. (5) The tube pushing means included in the guide frame includes a drive roller and a suppression roller that is provided opposite to the drive roller and applies a predetermined pressing force to the heat transfer tube inserted between these rollers. Claim 1 characterized by
Section, Section 2. The heat exchanger tube insertion device according to item 3 or 4. (6) The tube insertion means for a heat exchanger according to claim 5, wherein the tube pushing means provided in the guide frame is provided near the other end of the guide frame close to the tube plate. Device. (7) The tube pushing means provided in the guide frame is provided with a tube pushing finishing means for rearwardly feeding the rear end of the inserted heat exchanger tube so that it almost coincides with the surface of the tube sheet. A tube insertion device for a heat exchanger according to claim 6. (8) The pipe pushing finishing means has an air cylinder whose one end is supported by a pin and is rotatable, and a pushing metal fitting connected to a piston rod of the air cylinder by a pin at the other end of the air cylinder. 8. The tube insertion device for a heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein the pusher is guided between the opposing driving roller and the suppressing roller by the operation of an air cylinder. (9) A patent claim characterized in that the guide frame is provided with a tube type confirmation means for confirming whether or not a tube type exists at the position of the tube sheet where the heat exchanger tube is to be inserted. A tube insertion device for a heat exchanger according to item 1. (10) The tube insertion device for a heat exchanger according to claim 8, wherein the tube pushing finishing means also serves as the tube type confirmation means.