JPS5830095B2 - Katakouno Saitekisetsudanhouhou - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to an optimal cutting method in a section steel factory.

Traditionally, the sawing work of products in the shape steel rolling process is
As the starting point of the finishing process is a complex and varied task, and it is extremely difficult to determine the sawing content within a few seconds after the total rolling length is known, computer control has been introduced. However, in the shape steel manufacturing process, there have been few examples of computers being used to hot saw the finish-rolled products to the ordered length, and workers have been unable to determine workability, yield, etc. Since the work was carried out taking these factors into consideration, there were various methods for doing so.

The second representative method will be described next. When a section steel is hot-rolled from raw material, such as bloom or beam blank,
Variations in material length, cross-section, surface care loss,
Due to variations in scale loss caused by heating, variations in the cross section of the rolled product, etc., there are large variations in the length of the product after finish rolling, that is, the length of the azure roll.

Even with conventional equipment, the standard azurol length is 40m to 60m, and with state-of-the-art equipment, it is 60m to 120m, and even if there is a 3% variation, it is 1.2m to 3.6m, which is an absolute value. This is very large and cannot be ignored during sawing.

Note that variations in azurol length vary depending on manufacturing conditions, but even if the weight of the material is restricted, the variation in the weight of the steel ingot of about 1 to 3% will be absorbed by the material weight, and the blooming yield will increase. If you work with the goal of achieving a high level of
It becomes something big.

However, the above-mentioned variations are ultimately controlled by manufacturing conditions, and the above-mentioned absolute values are merely cited as an example.

As described above, it is a very difficult task to cut the length of the roll according to the length and number of orders.

For this kind of work, (1) Start sawing from a certain order length, continue cutting until the required number of pieces of that order length have been cut, and then start sawing the next order length after cutting that order length. How to cut through.

(2) A method in which the length of the azure rolls, which may vary, is measured using an appropriate method such as visual measurement or measurement, and the worker determines the optimal combination based on the required number of legs on the ordered leg side in a short time, and then performs sawing. .

Although the +'4 sawing operation is simple and easy using method (1) above, since the length of the azurol varies, the length of the final -cut product of the azurol product naturally varies, and the purpose Producing products with extra lengths, resulting in confusion in subsequent process operations.

In addition, if products with unintended lengths are scrapped to avoid this confusion, this will result in a significant drop in yield.

In the case of (2) above, since humans perform difficult arrangements from finish rolling to sawing in an extremely short period of time, unexpected mistakes may occur and yield losses may be large. A person who positions the product for sawing according to the determined arrangement.

It requires a large number of workers, including those who record the cutting results and calculate the remaining number of pieces by length for the next order.

In addition, conventional methods have aimed only at the highest sawing yield, but this method has had the disadvantage of increasing dispersion in sawing efficiency.

However, if the amount of orders is large compared to the amount of BLO materials, it is necessary to take all the scheduled orders.

In this case, it is desirable to eliminate orders as a whole and increase the order fulfillment rate, even if the sawing yield for each BLI is lowered.

Here, the order filling rate is the ratio that shows how much of the given order length and number of pieces were cut from the given amount of material, and is calculated using the following formula: This is a concept expressed by

li, order length 11.12,...li・
...1a) nio' order length 1io) number of one order (nlQ, n
2() """nio""", nao) nif 'Actual number of saws a for order length 11 when sawing of a given amount of material is completed: Type of order length The present invention It was invented in view of the above situation, and it sets the limit for variation in sawing efficiency by balancing the capacity of each line before and after the sawing line, and increases the order fulfillment rate based on the amount of material, order quantity, and order distribution. The purpose of this paper is to provide an optimal sawing method for section steel that takes into account the balance of sawing yield.

Next, with reference to the drawings, an optimal sawing method for sectioned steel according to the present invention will be explained.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a section steel optimum sawing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Upon completion of rolling in the finishing mill 1, which is the final step of rolling, the rolling length and rolling temperature are measured by the length meter 2 and thermometer 3, and these are input into the calculator 4.

This calculator 4 calculates the measured rolling length based on the lengths and numbers of various ordered products from the product card 6, which have been input in advance via the card reader 5, and material information including the billet card 7. The optimum combination is determined so that the amount of crop generation is reduced.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 8 denotes a heating furnace, and 9 and 10 denote a pusher operation panel and a heating furnace operation panel on the entry side, respectively, which are adapted to receive operator guidance from the computer 4.

11 is the initial data setting board, 12 is the breakdown mill,
Reference numeral 13 denotes a rough rolling mill, and 14 and 15 indicate first and second hot sawing machines, which are operated by a computer 4 to display various information such as displaying the sawing pattern, creating the number of rolling work days, or displaying the order remaining amount. The computer 4 receives operator guidance from the computer 4 at the same time.

Further, each of the sawing machines 14 and 15 has an automatic setting control device 18,
The entire system is connected to the computer 4 via the computer 19, and further transmits work display information from the computer to the maintenance management room 20 and inspection room 21.

In this case, the present invention calculates the planned sawing based on not only the crop minimum condition but also one type of order, its number, and material information, and comprehensively considers both the planned sawing and the crop length minimum condition. This is an optimal sawing method that is characterized by:

In order to increase the cutting yield, it is necessary to mix and combine different length orders to some extent.

However, this is contrary to the ease of journal entry work in the refinement process.

Therefore, the important point is how to combine the constraints from the refinement process with the optimal combination.

In other words, if all orders of various lengths are used as combination candidates, the cutting yield will improve, but on the other hand, products of various lengths will be disorganized in the work of sorting by product length, that is, the finishing work. The work is confused because it flows into ().

Therefore, six types of combination candidates are selected from among all the orders, and the candidates are combined to perform the actual sawing.

The work of selecting this combination candidate is designated as 5TEPI, and the work of rolling the actual material BL and combining the combination candidates to minimize the crop length is designated as 5TEP2.

That is, first, in 5TEPI, combination candidates are determined, but here, as an example, four types of combinations are determined.

When orders (various saw lengths and number of saw cuts) are given to this system, the orders are first classified into two groups.

The first group is the order G2 group with poor arrangement conditions, and the second group is the order G2 group with good arrangement conditions.

In this embodiment, for example, there are four types of sawing order candidates, but in order to maintain a good balance between orders that are easy to take and orders that are difficult to take, at least two of the four types are selected from the G group.

In this case, G selects the two orders that are the most difficult to take among the orders in the group.

As an index representing the degree of difficulty, the following "difficulty index" is defined.

However, 1: Order length Pi: Probability of individual rolling length L (PiC Length for probability of individual rolling length [] Nygauss integer symbol This is the expected crop length when cutting the material alone It is the product of the value and the number of pieces ordered, and if this index is large, the difficulty index is large.

Here, a specific example of the "difficulty index" under the following conditions will be explained.

It is assumed that the variation in the bloom BL extension length is a normal distribution as shown in FIG.

If you divide the interval into 9 and set i=1 to 9, for example, i=6
In this case, P6=0.242 from the normal distribution table as a probability of Pi ranging from 0.5σ to 1.5σ.

L(P6) of the section is the center length L(P6) of the section.
P) 102m.

then, Therefore, becomes.

In this way, if you calculate each of i=1 to 9, The results will be as shown in the table below.

An example of an order pattern for the same product size method including the above-mentioned "difficulty index" is shown in the table below.

Therefore, out of the four types, two with large G and group difficulty indexes are selected.

Next, for the 3.4 candidate, a combination with the smallest expected crop length value compared to the 1.2 candidate is selected.

In this case, as mentioned earlier, it is necessary to manage the number of saw sections, so 2.3.4 If the expected value of the total crop length of the candidate is Eel, then N: Target number of saw sections. , ε is determined in advance by calculating the capacity of the rolling equipment and the capacity of the sawing equipment for each type and size of the section steel.

For example, if you have a certain size of a certain type of section steel, the capacity of the rolling equipment to roll the material into a product and send it to the sawing equipment is the same as the rolling pitch. ) is 1 minute 30 seconds.

@) At that time, if the sawing capacity requires 2 minutes to saw one product, the sawing line will become a bottleneck, and the rolling pitch will be set at a 2-minute pitch accordingly.

(b) Conversely, if the sawing capacity is 1 minute, the rolling line will be the bottleneck, and the pitch will be 1 minute and 30 seconds, which matches the rolling capacity.

In this way, the value of ε is given in advance for each type and size of the section steel, taking into account the balance of the equipment.

In the case of (a), it is ε-1, in the case of (b), it is ε-2, and in the case of an extreme rolling neck, it is ε-3.

For this reason, ε is referred to as a line matching constant in this specification.

Therefore, for example, in the case of Table 2 above, if it is an H-beam steel,
The extraction pitch of H-section steel is shorter than that of other section steels,
Since the hot saw becomes a problem, ε-] and 112 ='
7. .

Aoka, if you do’ N-13750/860 6≦n, +n, , +n3+14≦8.

(However, the average length of the same material is 112 m) In the above formula (2), the rolling length is determined by the length shown in Figure 4 using the BL average length (X) and standard deviation (σ). For example, X−X−100(,σ−
The case of 2(m) will be briefly explained.

Here, A, ~90, A2-93, A3=96,...
..., if it is AM-110, then L-90,93
, 96, . . . , 110, the crop length is zero.

Therefore, L=90(AI) ~ 93(-A2), 93(
=A2) to 96(=A3), the total crop length expected value Ecl is determined by calculating and integrating the crop lengths when L is between Ai and Ai+1.

Then, the expected crop length Eel obtained in this way
The combination of Ll, L2, L3, and L4 that gives the smallest value is selected from among all orders.

That is, in the example of Table 2, the distances are 24 m, 20 m, and 13 m.

16m first to fourth candidates are selected.

By selecting the fourth type of combination candidates in this way, 5TEPI ends.

The above 5 TEPI steps are indicated by blocks 22, 23 and 24 in the flowchart of FIG.

Therefore, with reference to Figure 5, we will list specific values for 5T.
Explain the work of EPI.

Now, let us assume that the data given from the order file is 9 types, as shown in Clothing-2 above.

First, in block 22, orders are classified based on the calculation of the difficulty index.

As a result, group G1, which is difficult to obtain, is defined as one with a large difficulty index, specifically, one that exceeds the average value of the difficulty index of nine types of order dimensions, and group G2, which is easy to obtain, is defined as one with a large difficulty index. Also classified as ※※.

Next, the process proceeds to block 23 to determine the matching conditions.

Here, there are four types of combinations, the target number of saw sections is, and the ε limit is (2), then the number of saw sections is the number of saw sections in equation (3) above.

The process then proceeds to block 24, where four types of optimal saw cutting combination candidates are determined.

First, the order length 1=24.0m with the highest difficulty index in the above table in G and group is selected as the first candidate, and the next order length with the largest difficulty index 1=20.0m is selected as the first candidate.
0m is the second candidate.

The expected crop length Ecl for the combination of the first and second candidates and one of the groups G2 is determined by the above equation (2), and the order length with the minimum expected crop length is determined as the third candidate.

Assume now that the order length at which the expected crop length value is the minimum is 1-13[deg.] Om.

Furthermore, the order length that minimizes the expected crop length value by combining the first, second, and third candidates with the remaining one of group G2 is determined as the fourth candidate.

Now, assume that this fourth candidate has an order length of 1=16.0 doors.

As a result, in block 24, the order length l = 24 m, 20 m, 13
m, and 16m are determined, and 5TEPI ends.

Therefore, when orders are processed using combinations of these four types, and one of these four types is sold out, if the candidate is in the 01 group, it will be difficult to pick from among the G1 group. If it is the G2 group, it is replenished using the same logic as in determining the fourth candidate from the G2 group.

5TEP2, at the same time as the rolled material leaves the finishing mill,
The rolling elongation length and temperature are measured, and the cold rolling elongation is calculated from those values.

In other words, this type of ordered length is given by cold length, but the product at the time of sawing is hot at about 00°C to 1000°C, so the length can also be measured by hot pressure extension. be.

Therefore, the cold pressure extension is determined from the temperature at which the hot length is measured using the linear length coefficient, and the combined calculation is performed based on the cold pressure extension.

From this cold pressure extension, the effective total length LR excluding the length of the non-product parts at both ends is determined.

That is, the process indicated by block 27 in FIG.
be called.

Then, based on the LR and the like obtained here, in block 28, calculations for determining the optimal combination described below are performed.

Here, the length of the non-product portion at both ends may be treated as a constant if the method of inputting from the setting board or the rolling conditions are constant.

If we choose the combination length LM that minimizes L crop for this LR, we get the following.

This crop length L (crop) is the minimum L
The number of orders to obtain M is n1, n2. n3, n4
For example, nl-2 pieces, n2-2 pieces, n3-0 pieces, n
When calculating the crop length for 4-2, L(cr
op)-114,5m-(24X2+20x2+16x
O+13x2)-0.5m.

This crop length of 0.5771 is used for other n7, n2, n3,
If it is the smallest number combination of n4 pieces, then this number is calculated as one rolled piece for each candidate (effective length LR=
This is determined as the optimum number of pieces to be cut from 114.5 m).

In addition, candidates for Ll, L2, L3, and L4 are approximately 5 TEPI.
is predetermined.

As mentioned above, nl, n2, n3. If n4 is not limited at all, L(crop) may be the smallest, but in that case, there is a possibility that the combinations will be of only short orders or combinations of only long orders.

In this case, the total number of cylinders will vary, the sawing efficiency will fluctuate greatly, and the combinations will be those that are easy to order, resulting in cases where the planned order cannot be completed.

In order to eliminate these disadvantages, restrictions are placed on the number of combinations n1, n2, n3, and n4 corresponding to Ll, L2, L3, and L4 selected depending on the rolling state, order distribution, etc., and the crop length minimum condition, rolling state, Balance the three order fulfillment conditions.

Specifically, if the sawing line capacity exceeds the rolling line capacity and the rolling line exhibits a bottleneck condition, even a slight change in efficiency in the sawing line will not impede the flow of the entire line. do not have.

In this case, n (total) = nl + n2
+ n3 + n4 The total number of cylinders n (tot
al) may be loosely restricted.

Or, if the sawing line is in a bottleneck, n (t
otal) must be strictly controlled.

Therefore, as described above, with respect to the target number of cylinders N, the line matching constant (ε) is made large when the rolling line is in a neck state, and is made small when the sawing line is in a neck state.

By searching for a combination that minimizes the crop length within this range, it is possible to automatically realize an optimal combination that takes into account the capacity balance between the rolling line and the sawing line.

Further, if the proportion of long orders is large in the order distribution, if the number of orders of a specific length is large, or if the number of BLs of the material is limited, it will be difficult to fulfill all scheduled orders.

On the other hand, if the ratio of short orders is large, it can be said that it is easier to take scheduled orders than in the above case.

Therefore, G1 group (group with difficult order)
Based on the order classification divided into 02 groups (groups of orders that are easy to take) and the ratio of the number of BL, it is determined whether the order is difficult to take (L) or easy to take, and the order processing method is changed accordingly. be.

Letting the ratio of G1 be G, ratio, this is expressed by the following equation.

However, in 1: G, number of orders per G1 grouper length nklk, I can say that.

Conversely, when Gl ratio <α, it can be said that the order is easy to obtain.

However, α is determined empirically using a certain reference constant that serves as a guideline for the difficulty index.

For example, 540! -2(1) @@・0・ratio 1tt□1□8□
2°0.70, which is considered to be an order distribution that is difficult to obtain if α-0.65.

In the case of orders that are difficult to obtain, the combination number ratio (nl
: n2 : n3 : n4).

For example, in Table 2, if Ll and L2 are 24m and 20m that belong to the 01 group, then 1 G+
= (nl L(+n2L2)/γG, defined by BL average extension length, is used to select the combination nl, n2, n3, n4 that will shorten the crop length within the range that satisfies the following using a calculator. Specifically, 24Xn, +20Xn2>0.7X
This nl and n2 are selected by a computer as l12=78.4(m).

By selecting the optimal combination using this method,
G. By always taking more than a certain ratio of difficult-to-take orders belonging to a group, the problem of taking a large number of short orders in the early stage of rolling and leaving only long orders in the latter stage of rolling can be automatically eliminated.

When G, ratio < α, there are many orders that are easy to obtain, so without constraining the ratio of the G1 and G2 groups as described above, search for the combination that provides the minimum crop length under the overall number of cylinders. .

As a result, it is possible to realize a sawing plan that automatically balances the order fulfillment rate and sawing yield according to the order distribution.

To summarize the above, consider the balance between rolling line capacity and sawing line capacity, and when the sawing line is in a neck state, strictly control the total number of cylinders cut from one BL, and If the ratio of order groups that are difficult to obtain with respect to the BL amount is high, G, which is determined within the range of the total number of cylinders mentioned above, the number of cylinders of orders belonging to the group and 02
Limiting the ratio of the number of cylinders for orders belonging to a group,
After setting a limit on the number of saw blades so as to strictly control the ratio of the saw length of orders belonging to the G1 group to the BL extension length, a combination with a minimum crop length is determined.

As a general rule, the cutting plan should be carried out as described above, but if the crop length is extremely long due to the number of cylinders,
It is also possible to select an assortment candidate by using candidates other than the four length order candidates determined by TEPI as a pinch hitter.

However, in this case, the refinement work is somewhat confusing.

In addition, to determine whether a neck in a rolling line or a neck in a sawing line is present, a program group for each type of product is stored in a computer, or the program is input into the computer from outside at the operator's discretion.

Further, the judgment as to whether or not the order distribution is difficult to obtain can be made by using formal logic as described above, or by inputting the judgment from outside to the computer based on the operator's judgment.

Next, based on the optimum combination determined in block 28, in block 29, each number of pieces in the above combination is cut into hot saws 14, 15 (FIG. 1) by taking sawing efficiency into consideration. Determine allocation and order.

That is, the sawing pattern is determined.

This pattern is displayed on a CRT, for example.

Block 30 is a saw cut length automatic setting control device 18.19
(Figure 1).

The hot saw cutters 14 and 15 cut the rolled material based on the acid constant length.

The actual product is read into the tool 31 (via the automatic configuration controllers 18, 19) and the order file is modified in block 32.

In block 33, it is determined whether the order has been consumed or not. If it has been consumed, the process goes to #1 and returns to block 24.
Perform the calculation.

If it has not been digested, block 34 judges whether or not there is a rolled material, and if there is material, it goes to #2 and returns to block 2.
Return to 6.

The process ends if there are no materials. As described above, according to the method according to the present invention, it is possible to significantly improve the cutting yield compared to the conventional technology, and it can be said that the invention is of extremely high industrial value.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an optimal sawing system for section steel according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a normal curve diagram of the probability P1 of each rolling extension, and FIG. 3 is a normal distribution probability p(i ) standard curve diagram, Figure 4 is a distribution diagram of the bloom average extension length of 100 m,
FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing each step of the present invention. 1... Finish rolling mill, 2... Length meter,
3...Thermometer, 4...Calculator, 5...
... Card league, 14°15 ... Hot sawing machine, 18,19 ... Medium movement setting control device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When sawing a section steel having a single length or a combination of different lengths from a rolled material after rolling, (a) determining a "difficulty index" for each order dimension; , based on the size of the "difficulty index" of each order dimension, classify each order dimension into the first group, which is difficult to obtain, and the second group, which is easy to obtain. Select a predetermined number of order dimensions from those with larger indexes and use them as cutting candidates for the first group; (c) Estimate the rolling length of the rolled material, and based on this rolling length, cut the cutting length of the first group. Select the order size of the second group that minimizes the crop length in combination with the sawing candidate O order size, make it the first sawing candidate of the second group, and further select the order size of the sawing candidate that has already been found. The second crop length that minimizes the crop length in combination with each order dimension of
Select the order dimension of the group and make it the second sawing candidate of the second group, in this way the sum of the number of sawing candidates of the first group and the number of sawing candidates of the second group is Obtain the order dimensions of the sawing candidates of the second group until a predetermined number of combinations are reached; (d) Next, measure the length and temperature of the rolled material and calculate the cold rolling extension from these measured values. and, calculate the effective cold pressure extension from the cold pressure extension of (e) Based on the effective cold pressure extension, divide the sawing candidates of the group ] with the sawing candidates of the second group. In the combination of , find the number of saws of each sawing candidate that minimizes the crop length, and perform sawing accordingly. When all the order dimensions of the sawing candidates in the first group have been used, the process goes to (b), and when all the order dimensions of the sawing candidates in the second group have been used, the process goes to (C). An optimal sawing method for shaped steel, characterized in that when none of the above is true, the process returns to (d) and repeats the steps up to (f). 2. When cutting steel sections with different length combinations from the rolled material after rolling, (a) Determine the "difficulty index" for each order dimension, and calculate the "difficulty index" of each order dimension. Based on the size of the index, each order size is classified into the first group, which is difficult to obtain, and the second group, which is easy to obtain. (1)) The difficulty index of the first group is dog L.
(e) Estimate the rolling length of the rolled material and limit it to the overall number of cuts (n) using the line matching constant (ε). Selecting a second group order size that minimizes the crop length in combination with the order size of the sawing candidate of the first loop based on the rolling length, This is set as the first sawing candidate of the second group, and furthermore, the order size of the second group that has the minimum crop length in combination with each order size of the sawing candidates that have already been found is selected, and it is In this way, the number of sawing candidates in the second group is set as the second sawing candidate in the second group, and the cutting process is continued until the sum of the number of sawing candidates in the first group and the number of sawing candidates in the second group reaches a predetermined combination number. Find the order dimensions of the two groups of sawing candidates,
(d) Next, measure the length and temperature of the rolled material, calculate the cold rolling extension from these measured values, and calculate the effective cold rolling extension from this cold rolling extension, (e) The overall cutoff (n) is determined by the line matching constant (ε)
y is limited, and the value G1 (ratio) obtained by dividing the sum of the products of each order dimension of the first group and the number of ordered saw cuts by the product of the average length of the rolled material and the number of saw cuts is constant. If it is a dog than the value a, in addition to the above restrictions, the value γG1 is calculated by dividing the sum of the products of the order dimensions and the number of saw cuts of each cutting candidate in the first group by the average length of the rolled material.
is equal to or greater than G+(ratio), and the first group of sawing candidates and the second group are separated based on the effective cold extension.
In combination with the sawing candidates of the group, find the number of cuts of each sawing candidate that minimizes the crop length, and perform sawing accordingly; In some cases, when all the order dimensions of the first group of cutting candidates among the sawing candidates are exhausted, the above (b)
Then, when all the ordered dimensions of the sawing candidates of the second group have been used, go to c) above, and when none of the above, go back to (d) above, and repeat the steps up to (f). Features: Optimal sawing method for shaped steel.