JPS5828985A - Condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable to condense a large amount of by-passing steam by a structure wherein turbine by-passing steam draw-in tubes, on the walls of which a large number of orifices with horizontal blowing-off direction are provided, are horizontally provided above tube bundles in the surface contact type condenser for steam turbine driven power plant. CONSTITUTION:The by-passing steam draw-in tubes 40 are arranged above the cooling tube bundles 13 parallel to the cooling tube bundles and the orifices 42 are nearly horizontally bored on the tube walls 40. Owing to the structure as mentioned above, steam is jetted toward the directions as indicated by the arrows A and B. Consequently, because the steam is not jetted directly against the cooling tube bundles 13, no impact plate or the like is necessary. Furthermore, because the by-passing steam draw-in tubes 40 cover the entire longitudinal length of the condenser, the local pressure rise can be prevented and consequently the fear of break-down of the condenser can be eliminated. In such a manner as mentioned above, a large amount of by-passing steam can be cooled and condensed with a simple structure without making the condenser larger.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a narrow contact type condenser used in a steam turbine power plant.

Surface contact condensers for steam turbines for power plants include:
Conventionally, in addition to the steam discharged from the turbine during normal operation, there is also one steam discharged from the turbine when starting up. (Means are provided to also introduce the passed steam to cool and condense it.

In recent years, the adoption of coal-fired boilers and variable pressure operation-? For special operation applications, the amount of turbine bypass steam introduced into the condenser increases significantly, and in some cases, the amount of turbine bypass steam introduced into the condenser is more than twice the turbine displacement during normal operation. Introduced.

An important technical issue regarding condensers is how to develop a structure that can effectively process a large amount of bypass steam.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional front view of a conventionally commonly used condenser, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the same. The outer shell of the condenser is formed by an upper shell 11 and a lower shell 10, in which a cooling pipe group 13 consisting of a number of cooling pipes 12, 12 is provided. In Fig. 2, only three cooling pipes 12 are shown as an example, and in Fig. 2, a large number of cooling pipes 12t--double I-tube are shown.18.18 is an ice chamber.The exhaust fil from the turbine, 1 is the first As shown in the figure, the water flows down through the upper shell li! into the lower shell 10, and the cooling water pipe 12
It exchanges heat with the circular cooling water and condenses, becoming condensate and flowing into the lower shell 1.
It accumulates in Hotwell 14 with 0 yen. The condensate in the hot well 14 is discharged from the hot well outlet 15 and is transferred to the upper shell 1.
Water is supplied to the boiler through a low-pressure heater 16' provided in the boiler and reused.

On the other hand, turbine bypass steam 3 from the boiler startup system is introduced from the bypass steam introduction pipe 20, and is jetted into the upper shell 11 as an injection steam flow 4 as shown in FIG. Replace and condense. . A perspective view of the above bypass steam introduction pipe is shown in FIG. 3, and a cross-sectional view thereof is shown in FIG. 4.

A large number of orifice holes 22 are bored in the upper and lower surfaces of the bypass steam introduction pipe 20, and a shock plate 21.21 is installed at a position close to the outer periphery of the introduction pipe 2o, facing and spaced apart from these orifice holes 22. . This is orifice hole 2
This is a pre-protector for preventing the amount of steam ejected from 2 from directly colliding with adjacent members and damaging them completely.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a low pressure heater 16 and a bleed pipe 17,
In addition, since the above-mentioned introduction pipe 20 and shock plate 21t are provided, there is not enough space inside the upper body 11.

Therefore, for example, as in the conventional device shown in FIG.
An inlet pipe 20t is provided at the left end of the upper shell 11 to introduce bypass steam. If the amount of bypass steam is large, the bypass steam spouted at the left end of the upper shell 11 will not be uniformly dispersed throughout the condenser, causing Local pressure increases in the vicinity may induce conditions that require an emergency shutdown of the turbine power plant, or
There is a tendency to damage components near the eruption point.

Various improvement measures have been considered in order to eliminate the above-mentioned problems with conventional condensers and make it possible to introduce a large amount of bypass steam, but each of them has the following drawbacks.

In order to uniformly distribute the bypass steam throughout the condenser, 1.
A large number of inlet pipes 20, 20 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6
'i can't even think of setting it up. Introductory pipe 20 in this case
．． 20 as well as the introduction pipe 20 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4,
It is necessary to install an impact plate 21° 21 close to the outer periphery of the introduction pipe as a baffle plate for the ejected steam to protect adjacent members such as the cooling pipe group 13, the low pressure heater 16, and the bleed pipe 17.

As a result, this not only complicates the internal structure and piping system of the condenser, but also obstructs the flow path of the turbine exhaust gas, resulting in a decrease in condenser performance during normal operation. Poor. In addition, in practical terms, since the condenser is usually installed between the columns of the turbine mount and is shielded, there is no space for the external piping necessary to install a large number of bypass steam introduction pipes. It is difficult to

7 and 8 show an improved condenser different from the one described above. This is a cooling pipe group 13 formed by cooling pipes 12.12.
A turbine bypass steam introduction pipe 20.20 is disposed below the hot well 14 and above the hot well 14. 25 is a main pipe of the introduction pipe 20 described above. Such condensers are put into practical use in turbine power plants that require processing of large amounts of bypass steam. Must be established. The protection device 23 described above is usually constructed by combining a number of baffle plates.

However, the condenser becomes larger due to the provision of the above-mentioned protection device 23'i. As a practical matter, the overall height of this type of condenser increases by an amount corresponding to approximately three times the diameter of the inlet pipe 20.

111. If the bypass steam is blown onto the condensate surface of the hot well 14, it will cause violent waves, so it is necessary to add a means to prevent this f'L.

1v, since the cooling pipe group 13 is originally designed to cool and condense the descending steam flow, it is difficult to make the cooling pipe group 13 perform heat exchange with high efficiency even if the bypass steam is blown up from below. It is.

There are drawbacks as mentioned above.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has been devised to increase the overall size of the condenser by increasing the overall size of the condenser without the risk of impairing the cooling and condensing performance of the exhaust gas during normal operation, which is the original purpose of the condenser. without the risk of complicating external piping.
The object of the present invention is to provide a condenser that can cool and condense a large amount of bypass steam with a simple configuration.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a surface contact condenser in which a turbine bypass steam introduction pipe is disposed above each cooling pipe group in parallel with the skeleton cooling pipe group, and By drilling a substantially horizontal orifice hole in the wall of the steam introduction pipe, it is possible to omit the above-mentioned installation of a shock plate close to the outer periphery of the bypass steam introduction pipe.
-Characteristics.

Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 9 and FIG. 1O.

The same drawing reference numbers as the conventional condenser shown in No. 1vA are given below: lower shell 1G, cooling pipe 12, cooling pipe group 13, hot well 14, low pressure heater 16, and bleed pipe 17.17.
'Same structure as in a conventional condenser! It is an L member.

In the condenser according to the present invention, 40.40 tons of bypass steam introduction pipes are provided above the cooling pipe group 13°13.

In this example, since two sets of cooling pipe groups 13.13 are provided, the number of bypass steam introduction pipes 4o is also two.
Above the cooling pipe groups 13.13, respectively, the cooling pipe groups 13.13.
It is fixed to the upper body 11 so as to be parallel to 13.

As described above, the nine bypass steam introduction pipes according to the present invention are disposed above and in the longitudinal direction of each cooling pipe group in correspondence with the cooling pipe group. The length line can be set arbitrarily, but
It is desirable to provide it over almost the entire length of the condenser as in this example.

A large number of substantially horizontal orifice holes 42, 42' are bored in the wall of the bypass steam introduction pipe 40.

As a result, the bypass steam is ejected laterally as indicated by arrow B.

The steam flows ejected toward the adjacent bypass steam introduction pipes as shown by arrows A and A collide with each other at the center of both pipes, lose speed, and flow down the central flow path 30 until they reach the cooling pipe group 1.
3.13 to be cooled and condensed.

As shown by arrows B and H, the steam flow jets toward the side wall of the upper shell 11 and collides with the side wall, loses speed, and flows through the flow channels 3 on both sides.
1.31, it is cooled and condensed by the cooling pipe group 13.13. Since the side wall of the upper shell 11 is a thick and durable member, there is no risk of separate installation problems due to collision with steam flow.

As can be easily understood from the above-described configuration, the vapor flow ejected from the almost horizontal orifice hole 42 cannot be blown directly toward the cooling pipe group 13.13 located below. There is no risk of damage to the cooling tube group 13 even if a protection device such as a shock plate is not provided.

For the same reason, the low pressure heater 16 and the bleed pipe 17 located above the bypass steamed wax introduction pipe 40 also do not require a protector such as a shock plate.

Since the bypass steam introduction pipe 40 is provided over almost the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the condenser, there is no risk of damaging the condenser members in the upper shell 11 due to the local pressure increase caused by the introduction of bypass steam. It's ugly.

As shown in FIG. 9, an orifice hole 42 is installed in the area C1C where the pi/<s steam introduction pipe 40 approaches the low pressure ζ-metal 16 so as not to have a backlight. The protection St becomes more complete.

As mentioned above, the steam introduction pipe 40 according to the present invention
Since there is no need to provide adjoining member retaining means such as impact plates, the construction is simple and manufacturing costs are low, and the overall dimensions of the condenser do not need to be particularly large! does not occur. The applicant conducted tests on an actual machine, and as a result, it was confirmed that the increase in the height of the condenser by applying the present invention can be suppressed to approximately the same size as the outer diameter of the bypass steam introduction pipe.

As can be easily understood from FIG. 9, the bypass steam introduction pipe 40 in this embodiment only protrudes from one side of the end face of the upper shell 11, so it is necessary to provide external piping to be connected to this. Is there really no need for a large surrounding space?

Further, as is clear from the above-mentioned structural function, the bypass steam ejected from the bypass steam introduction pipe 40 according to the present invention is cooled by the cooling pipe group 13 while flowing downward. That is, the bypass steam turbine is cooled by the cooling pipe group 13 while flowing in the same direction (downward direction) as the turbine exhaust gas l during normal operation. Therefore, by designing and manufacturing the cooling pipe group 13 so that it can efficiently cool both the turbine exhaust during normal operation and the bypass steam when bypass steam is introduced, no contradiction occurs.

Further, since the bypass steam introduction pipe according to the present invention does not include an impact plate, even if it is provided in the space above the cooling pipe group, there is no risk of causing a separate obstacle to the flow of the turbine exhaust gas.

As explained above, the present invention provides a narrow surface contact type condenser into which turbine bypass steam is introduced, in which a turbine bypass steam introduction pipe is installed above each cooling pipe group in parallel with the cooling pipe group. and by drilling a substantially horizontal orifice hole in the pipe wall of the turbine bypass steam introduction pipe, it is possible to omit the installation of an impact plate close to the outer periphery of the bypass steam introduction pipe. In this way, the increase in the overall dimensions of the condenser can be minimized without the risk of impeding the cooling and condensing performance of the turbine exhaust during normal operation of the condenser, and moreover, a large free space can be created around the condenser. A large amount of bypass steam can be efficiently cooled and condensed with a simple configuration without the need for boiling.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 8 show a conventional condenser; Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional front view, Figure 2 is a side view of the same, Figure 3 is a perspective view of a bypass steam introduction pipe, and Figure 4 is a perspective view of a bypass steam introduction pipe. The figure is a cross-sectional view of the same, Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of a condenser different from the above, Figure 6 is a side view of the same, and Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of a still different condenser. figure,
FIG. 8 is a side view of the same. 9 and 10 show a condenser according to one embodiment of the present invention, with FIG. 9 being a schematic cross-sectional front view and FIG. 10 being a side view of the same. 10... condenser lower shell, 11... upper shell, 12.
... Cooling pipe, 13 ... Cooling pipe group, 20.40 ... Pi/kus steam introduction pipe, 21 ... Shock plate, 22.42.
...Orifice hole. Agent Patent Attorney Masami Akimoto”@lI21 62121 Trial 3 Figure ￥, 4. Figure i S Mouth 6 Mouth 7 Figure 'v 8 Figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a surface contact type condenser into which turbine bypass steam is introduced, a turbine bypass steam introduction pipe is arranged above each cooling pipe group in parallel with the cooling pipe group, and A condenser characterized by having buried horizontal orifice holes in the wall of the steam introduction pipe.