JPS58178187A - Condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the durability of the condenser by a method wherein internal members such as cooling tubes and the like are protected from being damaged by flash steam containing drainage even when the drainage accompanied by the generation of a large amount of the flash steam is introduced in the condenser. CONSTITUTION:After being separated the drainage, the flash steam goes upward and is led through an upper opening 38 into the condenser 20. In this case, because the area of the upper opening 38 is enough large, no choking of the flash steam is developed and the flow speed of the steam jetting out of the upper opening 38 turns to be small. On the other hand, the drainage separated from the flash steam goes downward and falls down below the surface of the water in a separating chamber 37 and, after that, is led through a ower opening 39 to the hot well 23 of the condenser 20. In this case, due to the structure that the lower opening 39 locates below the surface of the water in the hot well 23, no stream flows through the lower opening 39, resulting in preventing the structure within the condenser from being damaged by the outflowing drainage.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a surface condenser used in power generation plants and the like.

[Technical background of the invention]

Traditionally, condensers in steam turbine power plants have been used for purposes other than condensing turbine exhaust.

Drains from the various heat exchangers that make up the plant.

Alternatively, it is also used as a container to collect condensate discharged from boilers and the like when starting up or stopping a plant.

However, the pressure inside the condenser is θ, 01 KP/am
Because it is kept in a very high vacuum state.

When recovering the above condensate, a flooding phenomenon always occurs, and since the fluid condition of the condensate is generally at the saturated temperature of the pressure in the discharge container, the condensate discharged from the feed water heater etc. is limited in quantity. Although it is small, since the enthalpy of condensate is high, the amount of flood steam generated becomes large. In addition, in the case of condensate collected in the condenser when the boiler is started, the condensate temperature is relatively low, but the amount is 1
Since the flow rate is large, exceeding 000 T/Hr, the amount of steam generated is large as described above.

When introducing such condensate that generates a large amount of fludge and steam into the condenser, it is usually necessary to use an inlet pipe with a diameter of several centimeters in order to sufficiently reduce the flow rate of the two-phase state at the time of introduction. It is impossible to realize this because it has to be used. Therefore, the flow velocity of the fluid introduced into the condenser is higher than the internal pressure of the condenser, and the sonic velocity is balanced. If such high-speed drain collides with the cooling pipe of the condenser, the cooling pipe will be eroded and leaks will occur.

To correct this disadvantage, a conventional condenser is constructed as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. That is, the condenser 1 has an airtight main body with an inlet 3 for the turbine exhaust gas formed in the upper part, a hot well in the lower part to retain the condensate, and a cooling water inlet 3 on one end of the main body. ! , the cooling water discharge part 1 is attached to the other end face in order υ, and these introduction parts! , a large number of cooling pipes l supported by support plates 7 are installed at the exhaust part t, and the turbine exhaust gas introduced into the main body λ of the depressurized part is passed through the cooling water pipe l.
The water is cooled and condensed into condensate. Then, the drain introduction pipe io is connected to the body plate parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cooling pipe group l..., and the opening of this introduction pipe IO facing into the condenser, that is, the two-phase fluid of steam and water is connected. A roughly U-shaped bar is provided at the collision position.

By providing Pabful/N in this way and making the outlet area of Pavful L/ larger than the cross-sectional area of the introduction pipe 10,
The flow rate of the steam flowing out from the baffle l/ can be slowed down, and the high-speed two-phase fluid consisting of steam and condensate ejected from the inlet pipe io once collides with the baffle l/, and then flows from both side outlets of the baffle l/ to the cooling pipe t. It is believed that since the steam containing the drain flows out in parallel, it does not collide with the cooling pipe 1, thereby preventing erosion of the cooling pipe.

[Problems with background technology]

Even with the above configuration, the cooling pipe actually erodes in the downstream region of the steam flowing out from the baffle// as the operating time passes.

This is because, as mentioned above, the lid of the flood-steam among the two-phase fluid flowing into the condenser from the inlet pipe 10 is very large, and this steam is absorbed as shown in FIG.

At the outlet face of the baffle l/, the condenser pressure is 0,
In order to flow out at a speed below the speed of sound under the condition of Oj Kf/2" mbI, the cross-sectional area of the outlet surface must be made extremely large. However, due to constraints such as the overall size of the condenser, Generally, the distance m between the cooling pipe t and the condenser body must be approximately ≦00m5.

In addition, due to the installation of a large number of drain introduction pipes to the condenser,
The exit area/c cannot be made large. Therefore.

Flood and steam will be in a cheeked state at the baffle outlet surface l, and the pressure P1 in the baffle l will be balanced to a higher pressure than the pressure Pl in the condenser l. When the steam flows out from the baffle//in the fluff state, the steam flowing out from the puffful expands by the difference of (Pi P2) and generates an expansion wave.

As shown in the figure, the boundary flow /J of steam after flowing out of the baffle is not parallel to the cooling pipe r, but is an expanding flow with a - angle.As a result, the boundary flow /J is parallel to the cooling pipe l. Collision occurs at point A, and downstream from point A.

This will erode the cooling pipe t. Since the condenser is equipped with multiple baffles, multiple expanded flows interfere with each other within the condenser, forming a complicated flow, which can erode the cooling pipes l. becomes.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to remove condensate, which generates a large amount of fluff steam, into a condenser. Even if it is introduced, a flood containing this drain
To provide a condenser with excellent safety and durability, in which internal members of a cooling pipe are not damaged by steam.

[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a body plate of a condenser body parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cooling pipes, the upper end surface of which is higher than the upper part of the cooling pipe group, and the lower end surface of which is higher than the hot well water level. A case with a drain inlet pipe connected to the end face is provided, and this case and the above-mentioned copper plate form a separation chamber, and a copper plate located directly below the upper end face of the case is used to direct the steam in the separation chamber into the condenser. while forming an upper opening with sufficient area for the introduction.

A lower opening with a sufficient area to introduce the drain into the hot well is formed in the body plate located directly above the lower end surface of the case, and a corrosion-resistant material is formed on the outer surface of the copper plate at a position facing the drain introduction pipe. The gist is that the collision plate is marked with *C.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An example of the implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 5 and FIG.

Figure 3 is a front view of the condenser according to the present invention, and No. JWJ is a side view. Condenser: A large-diameter introduction row for introducing turbine exhaust gas is formed at the top of the box-shaped condenser body, and a hot well for storing condensate is formed at the bottom. Openings are formed in the end face, and a cooling water introduction part 2 and a cooling water discharge part 27 are airtightly attached to these openings via seven plungers. Then, these cooling water introduction section and cooling water discharge section core are connected to the cooling pipe co.
・Connect with a string.

The turbine exhaust gas introduced from the introduction row is passed through the cooling pipe M under reduced pressure.
The water is cooled and condensed on the surface of the hot well, becoming condensate, which is then taken out from the pibuco 9 connected to the lower part of the hot well force.

A substantially box-shaped case 3/ is fixed to the body plate 30 of the main body 21 which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cooling pipe. higher,
The lower end surface 33 is located at a position lower than the water level of the hot well, and the drain introduction pipe 3S is connected to the outer plate 3 of the case 3/, and the introduction pipe 35 is connected to the outer surface of the body plate 30. A collision plate 34 made of a corrosion-resistant material such as stainless steel is attached to the opposite position. Therefore, case 3/
The space surrounded by the body plate 30 acts as a separation chamber 37, and the space enclosed by the body plate 30 acts as a separation chamber 37, and the space surrounded by the drain introduction pipe 3j is separated from the drain introduction pipe 3j. The two-phase fluid introduced into the drain impingement plate 34 separates a portion downward as drain and the other portion upward as fludge-steam.

1. An upper opening 31 having a sufficient area to introduce flood steam into the condenser is formed at the upper part of the copper plate 30, that is, at a position directly below the upper end surface 3 of the case 3. A lower opening 3de having a sufficient area to guide the drain into the hot felt force is formed at the lower part of the case 3/, that is, at a position directly above the lower end surface 33 of the case 3/. and minute 1w1
Since the volume of the chamber 370 is sufficiently large, the pressures in the condenser 9 and the separation chamber 37 are approximately equal, and the amount of fluff steam in the condenser and the amount of fluff steam in the condenser 9 are approximately equal. occurs at separation 1137.

In the above, the steam is directed upward to the fludge after one separation,
It is led into the condenser ν through the upper opening 31.

At this time, since the area of the upper opening is sufficiently large, there is no cheek, and the flow velocity of the steam jetted out from the upper opening 31 is also reduced. Further, the drain after separation is directed downward and falls onto the water surface in the first separation chamber 37.

Steam is led to the hot well of the condenser through the lower opening 3d, and at this time, since the lower opening 3q is below the water level of the hot well, steam does not flow from the lower opening 39, and the steam is drained by the outflow drain. There is no risk of damage to the internal structure of the condenser.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, by simply providing a separation chamber with a simple configuration in contact with the condenser, 11
A large amount of condensate and Furanosea steam can be introduced into the condenser without any overflow, and the cooling pipes and other internal structures in the condenser are not exposed to Furanosea steam containing condensate. It does not erode these elements, and provides a highly durable, highly reliable, and safe condenser, which has the advantage of being highly effective.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a front view of a conventional condenser, Figure 2 is a side view of a conventional condenser, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the installation position of the baffle of a conventional condenser, and Figure 1 is a front view of a conventional condenser. A front view of the condenser according to the invention,
FIG. 5 is a side view of the condenser. Ko, ν...Condenser body, Hiro, , 2J...Hotwell. L, Ko...Cooling pipe, 30...Body plate, 3...
・Case, 36... Collision plate, 37... Separation chamber, 3
K...Top distance 0.39...Bottom opening No. 1 Figure 'IJP, 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] An upper opening and a drain having a sufficient area for introducing steam into the upper part of the cooling tube group are provided in the body plate of the condenser main body, which has a cooling tube group inside, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cooling tube group. The above-mentioned copper plate has a substantially box-shaped case formed with a lower opening having a sufficient area for introduction into the hot felt, and further has an upper end surface higher than the above upper opening and a lower end surface lower than the above lower opening. A drain introduction pipe is connected to the outer panel of the case that forms this separation chamber, and a collision plate made of a corrosion-resistant material is installed on the outer surface of the copper plate at a position facing the drain introduction pipe. A condenser characterized by: