JP3590661B2 - Condenser - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a surface contact type condenser for condensing steam turbine exhaust gas from a steam turbine power plant such as a nuclear power plant, and more particularly, to an improvement in a turbine bypass steam ejection pipe section.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, a surface contact condenser in a steam turbine power plant generates steam from the steam turbine during normal operation, as well as a generator due to an accident in the power transmission system during startup of the boiler or nuclear reactor or during plant operation. Is provided as a means for introducing and cooling and condensing the steam that has bypassed the steam turbine when the shut-off occurs.
[0003]
In the case of the above-mentioned power transmission system accident, it is necessary to be able to start power transmission immediately after the accident is recovered, so that the power plant with a capacity that can bypass all of the turbine inflow steam during the plant rated operation About one or two plants are required to be installed at each power plant in terms of their operation. In this case, the amount of turbine bypass steam that is about twice the amount of turbine displacement during normal operation is introduced into the condenser.
[0004]
When the nuclear power plant is a boiling water nuclear power plant, it generally has a turbine bypass capacity of 100%, and when it is a pressurized water nuclear power plant, a turbine bypass capacity of 70 to 80% is required. Therefore, in order to provide a large-capacity turbine bypass facility, it is important how to effectively process the large amount of turbine bypass steam in the condenser.
[0005]
FIG. 20 is a system diagram showing a schematic system of a boiling water nuclear power plant, in which high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated from a steam generator 1 as a nuclear reactor passes through a main steam pipe 2, passes through a steam control valve 3, and is a steam turbine. 4 is supplied. The steam supplied to the steam turbine 4 performs work there and drives the generator 5 to generate electricity. The steam that has worked in the steam turbine 4 and is expanded is discharged to a condenser 6 where it exchanges heat with seawater or the like flowing through a cooling pipe 7 to be condensed to be condensed. This condensate is boosted by a condensate pump 8 and sent to a low-pressure feed water heater 9 provided in a condensate feed water system, while a feed pump driven by a feed pump drive turbine 10 using turbine extraction from the steam turbine 4 After being pressurized at 11, it is heated in multiple stages via a high-pressure feed water heater 12 and returned to the steam generator 1.
[0006]
On the other hand, the main steam pipe 2 and the condenser 6 are connected by a turbine bypass steam pipe 13 that bypasses the steam turbine 4, and when the above-described system accident occurs, the main steam is supplied by the turbine bypass steam pipe 13. The gas is discharged to the condenser 6 through the bypass valve 14 and the pressure reducing device 15.
[0007]
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional front view of a conventional condenser 6 generally used, and FIG. 22 is a side view thereof. The outer shell (body trunk) of the condenser 6 includes an upper body trunk 6a and a lower body trunk. A cooling pipe group 17 composed of a number of cooling pipes 16 is formed in the lower main body 6b. Water chambers 18a and 18b are provided on both left and right sides of the lower main body 6b, respectively, and both ends of each cooling pipe 16 housed in the lower main body 6b are communicated with these water chambers 18a and 18b. Cooling water supplied to the water chamber 18a flows through a cooling pipe group 17 composed of a plurality of cooling pipes 16 into a water chamber 18b as shown by an arrow 19, and between the cooling water a flowing through the cooling pipe 16 and an upper main body. The exhaust flow b from the steam turbine 4 flowing into the lower body 6b from the body 6a exchanges heat, the exhaust from the steam turbine 4 is cooled and condensed, and a hot well provided at the lower part of the lower body 6b The water is condensed and stored in 6c.
[0008]
A low-pressure feed water heater 9 extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the cooling pipe 16 and a turbine bleed pipe 21 connected to the low-pressure feed water heater 9 are provided in the upper main body 6a.
[0009]
FIG. 23 is an example of the exhaust flow b from the steam turbine in the condenser 6, which is an example of the condenser in which the low-pressure feedwater heater 9 is installed in a direction parallel to the axis of the cooling pipe 16. The steam discharged from the steam turbine flows into the condenser 6a and flows to the cooling pipe 16, and the flow is as shown in FIG. FIG. 23 shows approximately half of the condenser, but the remaining opposite flow is symmetrical to FIG. After flowing into the condenser 6, the exhaust flow b mainly flows between the low-pressure feed water heater 9 and the condenser body 28, and then flows in the width direction toward the cooling pipe group 17. Therefore, the direction of the flow velocity at the position between the low-pressure feed water heater 9 and the cooling pipe group 17 is obliquely downward. The flow velocity in the vicinity of the low-pressure feed water heater 9 substantially at the center of the condenser 6 is low.
[0010]
On the other hand, inside the upper main body 6a, a bypass steam jet pipe 22 connected to the turbine bypass steam pipe 13 is provided below the low-pressure feed water heater 9, as shown in FIGS. Thus, the turbine bypass steam guided through the turbine bypass steam pipe 13 is ejected from the bypass steam ejection pipe 22 into the upper main body 6a as shown in FIG. 22, and exchanges heat with the cooling water flowing through the cooling pipe 16. It condenses and condenses.
[0011]
FIG. 24 is a side view of the bypass steam ejection pipe 22 and FIG. 25 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof. A large number of ejection holes 23 are formed in the upper and lower surfaces of the bypass steam ejection pipe 22. Above and below the bypass steam jet pipe 22, a baffle plate 24 facing the large number of jet holes 23 is provided at a position spaced apart from the bypass steam jet pipe 22, and the steam jetted from the jet holes 23 is directly recovered. The structure is designed so as not to collide with and damage an adjacent member which is a water tank structure.
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the bypass steam is introduced into the condenser by arranging the bypass steam blow-out pipe 22 intensively in a part of the upper body 6a, especially when there is a large amount of bypass steam, a part of the upper body 6a is provided. It is difficult for the intensively ejected bypass steam to uniformly flow into the entire tube bundle of the cooling pipe group 17, so that the pressure near the ejection point locally increases and the temperature rises, thereby damaging members near the ejection point. Or may be caused.
[0013]
Therefore, it is conceivable to provide a large number of bypass steam jet pipes 22 and uniformly introduce the bypass steam into the entire condenser. However, also in this case, it is necessary to provide the baffle plate 24 outside the bypass steam jet pipe 22 to protect the adjacent members such as the cooling pipe group 17, the low-pressure feed water heater 9, and the turbine bleed pipe 21. As a result, not only the internal structure and the piping system in the condenser become complicated, but also the flow path of the turbine exhaust is obstructed, so that there is a disadvantage that the performance of the condenser during normal operation is reduced.
[0014]
In addition, there has been proposed a bypass steam discharge pipe 22 in which discharge holes 23 are provided so as to discharge steam only on both sides in the horizontal direction. However, in a nuclear power plant having a large-capacity bypass facility, a bypass steam discharge pipe is provided. Since the number of condensers 22 is three or four or more per condenser, there is a space problem when trying to prevent the interference of the steam ejected from the adjacent bypass steam ejection pipe 22, and the ejection in the horizontal direction If it is performed, the jetted steam does not disperse, so that there is a disadvantage that the jetted steam is difficult to decelerate immediately after the jetting. For this reason, there is a possibility that the bypass steam collides with an adjacent structure inside the condenser at high speed, causing erosion or damage.
[0015]
As described above, the method using the bypass steam jet pipe 22 having a large number of jet holes 23 is very good for effectively dispersing the turbine bypass steam of the nuclear power plant in the condenser. A relatively large space is required to decelerate the ejected high-speed and high-energy bypass steam.
[0016]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and does not have a risk of impairing the cooling and condensing performance of turbine exhaust steam during normal operation, which is the original purpose of the condenser, and in particular, does not increase the pressure loss of turbine exhaust steam. In addition, the increase in the overall size of the condenser is minimized, and the turbine bypass steam is evenly distributed in the condenser, and a large amount of bypass steam is introduced without damaging the condenser structure, An object of the present invention is to provide a condenser capable of cooling and condensing.
[0017]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a condenser according to the present invention has a plurality of feed water heaters disposed in an upper body and a plurality of water heaters disposed in a lower body, as described in claim 1. Surface-condensing type condenser having a cooling pipe group provided and a bypass steam jet pipe arranged between the feed water heater and the cooling pipe group with a steam moderator to introduce turbine bypass steam. And said The steam moderator is constituted by a pair of plate members located on both sides thereof via the bypass steam jet pipe, and the interval between the pair of plate members is wider on the downstream side than on the upstream side of the turbine exhaust flow during normal operation. Was configured as Things.
[0018]
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a condenser according to the present invention. As noted, bypass steam spout Is formed by an elliptic tube having a long axis in the direction of the turbine exhaust flow during normal operation.
[0019]
Furthermore, the condenser according to the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object, Claim 3 As described in the above, on the downstream side of the turbine exhaust flow of the steam moderator, a flow guide that evenly distributes bypass steam throughout the entire cooling pipe group is provided, or Claim 4 As described above, the flow guide is constituted by a plurality of strips arranged substantially in parallel.
[0020]
The condenser according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, Claim 5 As described in the above, a plurality of feedwater heaters disposed in the upper body, a cooling pipe group disposed in the lower body, and the feedwater heater and the cooling pipe group with a steam moderator. And a bypass steam ejection pipe for introducing turbine bypass steam between the steam moderator and the steam moderator, wherein the steam moderator is formed by a pair of circles located on both sides of the steam moderator via the bypass steam ejection pipe. It is constituted by an arc-shaped plate member, and the center of the arc of each plate member is shifted to the other plate member side opposite to the center position of the bypass steam ejection pipe.
[0021]
Further, a condenser according to the present invention is provided to achieve the above object. As described in the above, a plurality of feedwater heaters disposed in the upper body, a cooling pipe group disposed in the lower body, and the feedwater heater and the cooling pipe group with a steam moderator. And a bypass steam ejection pipe for introducing turbine bypass steam between the steam moderator and the steam moderator. The moderator is provided with a small opening through which the bypass steam passes to the outer diameter side, Claim 7 As described in the above, the steam moderator is constituted by a tube group, and the gap between adjacent tubes is made a small opening, and furthermore, Claim 8 As described in, the steam moderator may be constituted by a perforated plate or a grid plate, Claim 9 As described in (1), the steam moderator is constituted by a plurality of collision plates which are arranged so as to be displaced in the circumferential direction and the radial direction, and the gap between the collision plates is made a small opening.
[0022]
The condenser according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, Claim 10 As described in the above, a plurality of feedwater heaters disposed in the upper body, a cooling pipe group disposed in the lower body, and the feedwater heater and the cooling pipe group with a steam moderator. And a bypass steam ejection pipe for introducing turbine bypass steam between the cooling pipe group and the bypass steam ejection pipe. And a discharge hole is provided on the lower surface side of the bypass steam discharge tube.
[0023]
In addition, in order to achieve the above-described object, the condenser according to the present invention includes: Claim 11 As described in the above, a plurality of feedwater heaters disposed in the upper body, a cooling pipe group disposed in the lower body, and the feedwater heater and the cooling pipe group with a steam moderator. And a bypass steam ejection pipe for introducing turbine bypass steam, the bypass steam ejection pipe being disposed vertically along the inner surface of the upper main body. And, at the same time, a jet hole is provided toward the inside of the condenser, and the steam moderator is disposed between the bypass steam jet pipe and the feed water heater, and further, Claim 12 As described in (1), the upper condenser body between adjacent condensers is connected via a condenser communication cylinder, and the bypass steam injection pipe is provided with a discharge hole toward the inside of the condenser communication cylinder. It is.
[0024]
Furthermore, in order to achieve the above-mentioned subject, the condenser according to the present invention is Claim 13 As described in the above, a plurality of feed water heaters disposed in the upper body, a cooling pipe group disposed in the lower body, and a cooling pipe group with a steam moderator or a flow guide. A surface contact type condenser provided with a bypass steam ejection pipe which is disposed above and introduces turbine bypass steam, wherein the steam moderator or the flow guide is provided with a cooling pipe for dropping the steam in the steam in the condenser. Provide a droplet separation mechanism that scatters in directions other than the group, Claim 14 As described in the above, the droplet separation mechanism may be configured by a projection provided at the downstream end of the steam moderator or the flow path of the turbine bypass steam flow, and a hole provided at the upstream side of the projection at the turbine bypass steam flow. ,further, Claim 15 As described above, the droplet separation mechanism is constituted by a steam moderator or a groove member arranged at the downstream end of the turbine bypass steam flow of the flow guide.
[0025]
Furthermore, the condenser according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, Claim 16 As described in the above, a plurality of feed water heaters disposed in the upper body, a cooling pipe group disposed in the lower body, and a cooling pipe group with a steam moderator or a flow guide. In a surface-contact type condenser provided with a bypass steam ejection pipe which is disposed above and introduces turbine bypass steam, droplets in steam in the condenser are collected by the steam moderator or the flow guide. To provide a droplet removal mechanism to guide to the discharge port, Claim 17 As described above, the droplet removing mechanism is constituted by a vapor moderator or a groove-shaped pocket provided at an end of the flow guide and having a narrow opening.
[0026]
[Action]
In the present invention, the direction of the steam moderator composed of the plate is substantially parallel to the turbine exhaust flow during normal operation. For this reason, steam can be effectively cooled and condensed in a narrow limited space without disturbing the turbine exhaust flow during normal operation, and good water condensing performance can be achieved by suppressing pressure loss during normal operation. It is possible to obtain.
[0027]
In the present invention, the interval between the pair of plate members constituting the steam moderator is smaller on the downstream side than on the upstream side of the turbine exhaust flow during normal operation. For this reason, it is possible to efficiently discharge the bypass steam to the cooling pipe group.
[0028]
In the present invention, the bypass steam ejection pipe is formed of an elliptical pipe or an elliptic pipe having a major axis in the direction of the turbine exhaust flow during normal operation. Therefore, it is possible to process 100% bypass steam without increasing the pressure loss during normal operation.
[0029]
In the present invention, a flow guide is provided downstream of the steam moderator in the turbine exhaust flow. For this reason, it is possible to distribute the bypass steam evenly over the entire cooling pipe group without causing much pressure loss, and to improve the steam condensation efficiency.
[0030]
In the present invention, the flow guide is constituted by a plurality of strips arranged substantially in parallel. For this reason, manufacture is easy.
[0031]
Further, in the present invention, the center of the arc of the pair of arc-shaped plate members constituting the steam moderator is shifted to the other plate member side opposite to the center position of the bypass steam ejection pipe. For this reason, the opening area of the pair of plate members can be increased, and the jet steam can be decelerated effectively in a narrow space.
[0032]
Furthermore, in the present invention, the steam moderator is provided with a small opening through which the bypass steam passes to the outer diameter side. For this reason, while having the deceleration effect of the bypass steam, it can also flow with respect to the turbine exhaust flow during the normal operation, and the pressure loss during the normal operation can be reduced.
[0033]
In the present invention, the steam moderator is also composed of a tube group. flexible It becomes possible to take a simple structure.
[0034]
In the present invention, the steam moderator is constituted by a perforated plate or a lattice plate. For this reason, it is possible to process a large amount of bypass steam while reducing the pressure loss during normal operation.
[0035]
Further, in the present invention, the steam moderator is constituted by a plurality of collision plates which are displaced in the circumferential direction and the radial direction. For this reason, it is possible to process large-volume bypass steam while reducing pressure loss during normal operation.
[0036]
Further, in the present invention, the steam moderator is constituted by a tube group horizontally disposed between the cooling tube group and the bypass steam ejection tube. Can be evenly distributed to the entire condenser, and heat can be efficiently exchanged.
[0037]
On the other hand, in the present invention, the bypass steam ejection pipe is disposed vertically along the inner surface of the upper main body, and the turbine bypass steam is ejected toward the inside of the condenser. For this reason, it becomes possible to provide many ejection holes.
[0038]
On the other hand, in the present invention, a discharge hole is provided in the bypass steam discharge pipe toward the inside of the condenser communication cylinder. For this reason, it is possible to effectively use the space in the condenser communication cylinder and to process a large amount of bypass steam without increasing the size of the condenser.
[0039]
Further, in the present invention, the vapor moderator or the flow guide is provided with a droplet separation mechanism. For this reason, the droplets in the steam are scattered in directions other than the cooling tube group, and it is possible to prevent the cooling tube group from being damaged by the droplets.
[0040]
In the present invention, the droplet separation mechanism is constituted by a projection and a hole provided on the steam moderator or the flow guide. Therefore, a great effect can be expected with a simple structure.
[0041]
In the present invention, the droplet separating mechanism is constituted by a steam moderator or a groove member provided in the flow guide. For this reason, it is possible to more reliably separate the droplets.
[0042]
In the present invention, the vapor moderator or the flow guide is provided with a droplet removing mechanism. For this reason, the droplets in the vapor are collected and guided to the discharge port, so that it is possible to prevent not only the cooling tube group but also other condenser structures from being damaged by the droplets.
[0043]
In the present invention, the droplet removing mechanism is further constituted by a vapor moderator or a pocket provided in the flow guide. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently remove only the droplets with a simple structure.
[0044]
【Example】
Hereinafter, a condenser according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0045]
FIGS. 1 and 2 show a condenser according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The same members as those of the conventional condenser are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. Below the condenser, there are provided two cooling pipe groups 17 each composed of a large number of cooling pipes 16, and above the four low-pressure feed water heaters 9 in parallel with the cooling pipe groups 17. They are arranged in two rows. A protection pipe 25 is provided at the outermost periphery of the cooling pipe group 17 to prevent the cooling pipe 16 from being damaged by collision of steam or droplets having a high flow velocity. The condenser is connected to an adjacent condenser (not shown) by a condenser connecting cylinder 26 and a feed water pump driven turbine exhaust connecting pipe 27.
[0046]
Between the cooling pipe group 17 and the low-pressure feed water heater 9, three bypass steam jet pipes 22a, 22b, 22c are arranged. The relative position in the horizontal direction in which the steam ejection pipes 22a, 22b, and 22c are disposed is such that the bypass steam ejection pipes 22a and 22c are substantially located between the condenser body 28 and the low-pressure water heater 9 and the bypass steam ejection pipes. 22b is almost in the center of the condenser.
[0047]
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the bypass steam ejection pipes 22a and 22c among the three bypass steam ejection pipes. A large number of jet holes 23 are formed within a range of a predetermined angle in the horizontal direction of these bypass steam jet tubes 22a and 22c. In addition, baffle plates 24a and 24c having a predetermined width are arranged in the horizontal direction on both sides of the bypass steam ejection pipes 22a and 22c. Further, the baffle plates 24a and 24c are arranged so that the steam outflow portion is wider at the lower side than at the upper side.
[0048]
The remaining bypass steam ejection pipe 22b is provided with an ejection hole and a baffle plate 24b in the vertical direction as in the related art.
[0049]
As shown in FIG. 2, the bypass steam jet pipes 22a, 22b, 22c and the baffle plates 24a, 24b, 24c are provided over substantially the entire area in the longitudinal direction of the condenser, and the baffle plates 24a, 24b, 24c are provided. Are supported by support plates 29 provided at predetermined intervals.
[0050]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0051]
When turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, the bypass steam is ejected from the ejection holes 23. During the ejection, the pressure of the steam suddenly decreases and expands, and the speed of the steam ejected from the ejection holes 23 is rapidly accelerated. The accelerated steam collides with the baffle plates 24a, 24b, 24c almost vertically, and is deflected in a direction parallel to the baffle plates 24a, 24b, 24c. During this time, the steam loses energy and is considerably decelerated when it reaches the outside of the baffle plates 24a, 24b, 24c. Thereafter, the water merges with the main turbine exhaust mainly flowing down between the condenser body 28 and the low-pressure feedwater heater 9, and is condensed by heat exchange with the cooling pipe 16.
[0052]
On the other hand, in a normal operating state in which the main steam does not bypass the steam turbine, no steam is supplied to the bypass steam jet pipes 22a, 22b, and 22c, and the main turbine exhaust flows from the turbine exhaust port, and the main steam is mainly recovered. The water flows between the water main body 28 and the low-pressure feed water heater 9, flows down to the cooling pipe group 17, and is condensed by heat exchange with the cooling pipe 16. At this time, the steam exhausted from the main turbine flows so as to spread toward the cooling pipe group 17 as shown in FIG. 23, and in this embodiment, the bypass steam jet pipes 22a and 22c and the baffle plates 24a and 24a. 24c also passes through.
[0053]
For example, in a 1100 MWe-class nuclear power plant, in order to introduce a condenser by turbine bypass of 100% steam, it is necessary to provide about three large-diameter steam ejection pipes 22 a to 22 c over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the cooling pipe. is there. Further, since the steam ejected from the steam ejection pipes 22a to 22c has a large energy, it is necessary to avoid damage due to collision with the ejected steam of the components inside the condenser when no baffle plate is provided. It is necessary to increase the distance from 23 to the components inside the condenser, and in this case, the size of the condenser becomes very large. Further, even when the baffle plates 24a to 24c are provided, depending on the installation location, the baffle plates 24a to 24c become a fluid resistance member for the main turbine exhaust steam flow during normal operation. In this case, the pressure loss from the turbine exhaust port to the cooling pipe group 17 increases, and the back pressure of the steam turbine corresponding to the pressure obtained by adding the above-described pressure loss to the pressure in the vicinity of the cooling pipe group 17 is increased, and the plant This causes a problem of reduced efficiency.
[0054]
However, since this embodiment is configured as described above, since the baffle plates 24a and 24c are substantially parallel to the exhaust steam flow of the main turbine, the exhaust steam is supplied to the bypass steam jet pipes 22a and 22c and the baffle plates 24a and 24c. And the baffle plates 24a and 24c do not become large fluid resistance members of the main turbine exhaust steam during normal operation. For this reason, in this embodiment, since the energy of the steam that has reached the outside of the baffle plates 24a and 24c is reduced without increasing the pressure loss during normal operation, the components inside the condenser are ejected. By steam collision No damage. Therefore, it is possible to process 100% large-capacity turbine bypass steam without increasing the size of the condenser. Further, since the steam outflow portions of the baffle plates 24a and 24c are arranged so that the lower portion is wider than the upper portion, the bypass steam can be efficiently discharged to the cooling pipe group 17.
[0055]
In this embodiment, an example is shown in which flat plates are used for the baffle plates 24a and 24c. However, depending on the flow of the exhaust flow 20, the plates may be partially bent in accordance with the flow, and the pressure loss during normal operation may be reduced. Can be more effectively reduced.
[0056]
FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the condenser according to the present invention, which will be described below. In this embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, three bypass steam jet pipes 22a, 22b, 22c are arranged between the cooling pipe group 17 and the low-pressure feed water heater 9, and their relative positions in the horizontal direction are provided. The bypass steam jet pipes 22a and 22c are arranged substantially in the middle between the condenser body 28 and the low-pressure feed water heater 9, and the bypass steam jet pipe 22b is almost arranged in the center of the condenser.
[0057]
Among these, the bypass steam ejection pipes 22a and 22c are provided with ejection pipes having an elliptical cross section or an elliptical cross section in a direction along the steam flow in order to reduce fluid resistance to the exhaust flow during normal operation. . Within the range of a predetermined angle in the horizontal direction with respect to the major axis of the elliptical ejection pipe, a large number of ejection holes 23 are formed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Baffle plates 24a and 24c having a predetermined width are provided. The bypass steam jet pipe 22b and the baffle plate 24b are the same as those in FIG.
[0058]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0059]
Similarly to the first embodiment, when turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam ejection pipes 22a and 22c, the bypass steam is ejected from the ejection holes and collides with the baffle plates 24a and 24c almost vertically, and the baffle plate 24a , 24c. During this time, the steam is decelerated, and then merges with the exhaust stream mainly flowing between the condenser body 28 and the low-pressure feed water heater 9, and is condensed by heat exchange with the cooling pipe 16.
[0060]
When the turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam jet pipe 22b, the similarly-decelerated bypass steam flows out of the baffle plate in the horizontal direction of the condenser, merges with the exhaust gas flowing down, and cools. Water is condensed by heat exchange with the pipe 16.
[0061]
On the other hand, in a normal operation state in which the main steam does not bypass the turbine, the inflowing turbine exhaust mainly passes through the vicinity of the bypass steam jet pipes 22a and 22c and the baffle plates 24a and 24c to form the cooling pipe group. The water flows down to 17 and is condensed by heat exchange with the cooling pipe 16.
[0062]
Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, the resistance to the exhaust flow of the bypass steam jet pipes 22a and 22c and the baffle plates 24a and 24c is small. Since the bypass steam jet pipe 22b and the baffle plate 24b are located below the low-pressure feed water heater 9 and the flow rate of the exhaust steam is slow, even if the baffle plate 24b is provided above and below the bypass steam jet pipe 22b, the size during normal operation is large. It does not become fluid resistance. Thus, in the present embodiment, without increasing the loss during the normal operation, without damaging the components inside the condenser by the collision of the ejected steam, and without increasing the size of the condenser, Bypass steam can be processed.
[0063]
In the present embodiment, the baffle plates 24b are provided at both sides of the bypass steam ejection pipe 22b in the vertical direction, but the ejection holes are provided in the horizontal direction of the bypass steam ejection pipe 22b, and the baffle plates 24a, 24c are provided with steam. May be caused to collide. In this case as well, the same effects as described above are obtained, and the fluid resistance around the bypass steam ejection pipe 22b can be further reduced, so that the components inside the condenser can be simplified, lightened, and maintenance workability can be improved.
[0064]
FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the condenser according to the present invention. In the present embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, three bypass steam ejection pipes 22a, 22b, and 22c are disposed between the cooling pipe group 17 and the low-pressure feedwater heater 9, and each of the steam ejection pipes 22a, 22b, 22c horizontal direction Is such that the bypass steam ejection pipes 22a and 22c are located substantially in the middle between the condenser body 28 and the low-pressure feed water heater 9, and the bypass steam ejection pipe 22b is located almost at the center of the condenser.
[0065]
A flow guide 30 is provided below the bypass steam jet pipes 22a and 22c. The flow guide 30 includes a plurality of short plates installed substantially in parallel.
[0066]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0067]
As in the first embodiment, when turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam ejection pipes 22a and 22c, the bypass steam is ejected from the ejection holes and collides with the baffle plates 24a and 24c almost perpendicularly, and the baffle plate 24a, 24c Parallel direction And the steam is decelerated. The steam that has flowed out below the bypass steam jet pipes 22a and 22c passes through the flow guide 30 and then merges with the exhaust stream to be condensed by heat exchange with the cooling pipe 16.
[0068]
On the other hand, in the normal operation state, the inflow steam is deflected mainly in a direction parallel to the bypass ejection pipes 22a and 22c and the baffle plates 24a and 24c, and the steam is decelerated. The steam that has flowed out below the bypass steam jet pipes 22a and 22c passes through the flow guide 30 and then merges with the exhaust stream to be condensed by heat exchange with the cooling pipe 16.
[0069]
On the other hand, in the normal operation state, the inflow steam mainly passes through the vicinity of the bypass steam ejection pipes 22a and 22c and the baffle plates 24a and 24c, and a part thereof further passes through the flow guide 30 to the cooling pipe group 17. And is condensed by heat exchange with the cooling pipe 16.
[0070]
Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, similarly to the first and second embodiments, the components inside the condenser are damaged by the collision of the ejected steam without increasing the pressure loss during the normal operation. Without having to increase the size of the condenser, 100% of the bypass steam can be processed.
[0071]
In addition, since a part of the steam passes through the flow guide 30, the steam can be evenly dispersed throughout the entire cooling pipe group 17 without causing much pressure loss, and the steam condensation efficiency is improved. Further, when the bypass steam is introduced, the bypass steam passes through the flow guide 30 to further reduce the energy of the bypass steam.
[0072]
By the way, the steam ejected from the turbine bypass steam ejection pipes 22a to 22c of the condenser, as described above, after being ejected from the ejection holes, the pressure of the steam is suddenly reduced, expanded and rapidly accelerated. If this steam is to be jetted into the condenser as it is, it is necessary to increase the distance between the jet hole and the components inside the condenser in order to avoid damage due to collision of the components inside the condenser with the jetted steam. The size of the condenser increases. For this reason, it is common practice to provide a baffle plate around the bypass steam ejection pipe as shown in FIGS.
[0073]
However, when a baffle plate is provided, the flow velocity of the steam increases at the outlet, and it is necessary to prevent the internal structure of the condenser from coming near the opening of the baffle plate.
[0074]
FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the condenser according to the present invention which has been made in consideration of the above points. ₁ A pair of baffle plates 24 are provided on both sides of the circular bypass steam jet pipe 22 of FIG. 1, and the bypass steam jet pipe 22 provided with the baffle plate 24 has an exhaust flow like a baffle plate 24a of FIG. Or in the horizontal direction of the condenser like the baffle plate 24b in FIG.
[0075]
A large number of ejection holes 23 are provided on both sides of the bypass steam ejection tube 22. Radius r centered in the opposite direction from the center of this bypass steam jet tube 22 ₂ A baffle plate 24 is provided so as to have a circular arc shape, and the width thereof is long enough for the ejected steam to collide.
[0076]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0077]
When the turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam ejection pipe 24, the pressure of the steam ejected from the ejection holes 23 suddenly decreases, expands, and the speed is accelerated. The accelerated steam collides with the baffle plate 24, is deflected in a direction parallel to the baffle plate 24, loses its energy, and flows out of the baffle plate 24. After the outflow, as described above, it merges with the exhaust flow, is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling pipe 16, and is condensed.
[0078]
In a case where a large amount of steam is jetted from the bypass steam jet pipe by 100% turbine bypass from the bypass steam jet pipe without changing the size of the condenser, it is an effective method to provide as many jet holes 23 as possible in the steam jet pipe. It is. However, when a large number of ejection holes 23 are provided in the circumferential direction of the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, it is necessary to provide the ejection holes 23 over a wide central angle. Must be provided over
[0079]
If the ejection holes 23 are provided in many areas in the circumferential direction, the width h of the opening of the baffle plate 24 cannot be long. When the width h of the opening is small, the turbine bypass steam easily accumulates inside the baffle plate 24, and the pressure inside the baffle plate 24 becomes higher than the pressure inside the condenser. In this case, the flow velocity of the turbine bypass steam at the outlet (opening) of the baffle plate 24 increases, and it is necessary to prevent the components inside the condenser from coming near the opening of the baffle plate 24. There are more restrictions on placement.
[0080]
In the present embodiment, the height of the bypass steam ejection pipe is reduced by making the shape of the baffle plate 24 non-concentric with the bypass steam ejection pipe 22 and an arc shape centered on the opposite side from the center of the ejection pipe 22. Also, since the area of the baffle opening can be increased, it is possible to effectively reduce the speed of the jetted steam in a narrow space.
[0081]
Furthermore, when the exhaust gas is installed in the same direction as the exhaust flow, the width h of the opening can be increased, so that the pressure loss during normal operation can be reduced.
[0082]
FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which a large number of ejection holes 23 are provided on both sides of a circular bypass steam ejection tube 22. On both sides of the bypass steam jet pipe 22, pipe groups 31 are installed as steam moderators for decelerating the bypass steam, and the width thereof is long enough for the jet steam to collide. The tube group 31 has a sufficient tube pitch and tube line so that the bypass steam collides.
[0083]
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the tube group 31 in the longitudinal direction and the support mechanism. The tube group 31 is held at a distance parallel to the bypass steam blow-out tube 22 by the support plate 29, and one end of the tube group 31 is fixed so that thermal expansion and bending in the longitudinal direction of the tube group 31 are allowed, and the other end is fixed. The end is attached so as to be slidably held by a tube hole or the like.
[0084]
The bypass steam jet pipe 22 provided with the pipe group 31 which is the steam moderator is installed in the direction of the exhaust flow like the baffle plate 24a in FIG. 1 or in the horizontal direction of the condenser like the baffle plate 24b. They are installed facing each other at intervals.
[0085]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0086]
When the turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, the steam is ejected from the ejection hole 23, and the accelerated steam collides with the pipe group 31 and the flow is disturbed. It flows out of the bypass steam jet pipe 22 with the material.
[0087]
When the steam is ejected from the bypass steam ejection pipe 22 to introduce the bypass steam into the condenser, the bypass steam ejection pipe is decelerated so that the ejected steam can be decelerated in a limited space in the condenser. Placing a baffle plate around 22 is performed. However, when the baffle plate is installed, the exhaust flow during normal operation cannot flow through in the vertical direction of the baffle plate, and even if it is installed at a position where the fluid resistance is unlikely to occur, it becomes a large source of pressure loss.
[0088]
In the present embodiment, by using the tube group 31 as a steam moderator, it is possible to flow also with respect to the exhaust flow at the time of the normal operation while having the deceleration effect of the bypass steam, thereby reducing the pressure loss at the time of the normal operation. be able to.
[0089]
FIG. 7 shows an example in which the tube groups are arranged in an arc shape. However, for example, as in the baffle shape shown in FIG. 4, the tube groups are arranged in a shape that takes into account the exhaust flow during normal operation and the ejection state of bypass steam. You can also.
[0090]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the steam moderator of the tube group 31 has a soft structure against impact unlike a single plate, and is dispersed and connected to the support plate 29, so that the stress at the connection portion is reduced. There is also an effect that it is easy to adopt a structure that can be used.
[0091]
FIG. 9 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention, which will be described below. In the present embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, three bypass steam jet pipes 22 and a pipe group 31 serving as a steam moderator are horizontally arranged between the cooling pipe group 17 and the low-pressure feedwater heater 9. Have been. The bypass steam ejection pipe 22 is arranged above the pipe group 31, and its ejection hole 23 is provided below.
[0092]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0093]
When the turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, the bypass steam is ejected downward from the ejection hole, collides almost perpendicularly with the tube group 31, and the steam is decelerated when leaving the tube group 31. Is condensed by heat exchange with the cooling pipe 16.
[0094]
On the other hand, in the normal operation state, the inflow steam passes through the vicinity of the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, flows down through the pipe group 31 to the cooling pipe group 17, and is condensed by heat exchange with the cooling pipe 16. Is done.
[0095]
Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, 100% turbine bypass steam can be processed without providing a large pressure loss source during normal operation as in the other embodiments. In particular, since the pipe group 31 is provided substantially evenly on the upper part of the cooling pipe group 17, the steam can be evenly distributed to the entire condenser in both the normal operation and the bypass operation, so that the heat exchange with the cooling pipe group 17 is efficiently performed. can do.
[0096]
FIG. 10 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention, in which a large number of ejection holes 23 are provided on both sides of a circular bypass steam ejection tube 22. On both sides of the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, two arc-shaped perforated plates 32 are installed at a predetermined interval, and the width thereof is long enough for the ejected steam to collide with the perforated plate. The hole 32 is configured so that the holes 33 of the two perforated plates do not overlap so that the bypass steam reliably collides and disperses.
[0097]
The bypass steam jet pipe 22 with the steam moderator is installed in the condenser similarly to the fifth embodiment.
[0098]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0099]
When turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, the steam is ejected from the ejection holes 23 and the accelerated steam collides with the perforated plate 32. Most of the bypass steam flows along the perforated plate 32 and loses energy by being deflected, and flows out of the bypass steam jet pipe 22 with the steam moderator.
[0100]
In the present embodiment, similarly to the fifth embodiment, the two perforated plates 32 are used as the steam moderator, so that the gas flows even with respect to the turbine exhaust flow during normal operation while having the effect of reducing the bypass steam. Thus, a large volume of bypass steam can be processed with a small pressure loss during normal operation.
[0101]
Although the case of the perforated plate has been described above, the same effect can be obtained by using a lattice plate.
[0102]
FIG. 11 shows an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in which a large number of ejection holes 23 are provided on both sides of a bypass steam ejection pipe 22. Several collision plates 34 are provided on both sides of the bypass steam jet pipe 22 and are arranged so that the jet steam can reliably collide. The collision plate 34 is provided in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the turbine exhaust flow b.
[0103]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0104]
When the turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, the steam is ejected from the ejection holes 23 and the accelerated steam collides with the collision plate 34. Most of the bypass steam flows along the impingement plate 34, loses energy by being deflected, and flows out of the bypass steam jet pipe with the steam moderator.
[0105]
During normal operation, the turbine exhaust flow b flows in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 11 and passes through the gap between the collision plates 34 and the space between the collision plates 34 and the bypass steam jet pipe 22.
[0106]
In the present embodiment, similarly to the fifth embodiment, by using several collision plates 34 as steam moderators, it is possible to flow even with respect to the exhaust flow at the time of normal operation while having the deceleration effect of bypass steam. And a large volume of bypass steam can be processed in a state where the pressure loss during normal operation is small.
[0107]
FIGS. 12 and 13 show a ninth embodiment of the condenser according to the present invention.
[0108]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the bypass steam jet pipe 22 is horizontally introduced into the condenser from between the low-pressure feed water heater 9 and the cooling pipe group 17, and It is branched into, for example, three in the vertical direction at an interval in the horizontal direction, and is disposed above the condenser so as to extend along the condenser body 28. The discharge hole 23 is opened so as to face a required direction inside the condenser, and the condenser 23 is configured so that the discharged steam does not directly collide with the outer surface of the low-pressure feedwater heater 9 which is a main component of the condenser. The pipe group 31 installed by using the reinforcing member 35 is vertically installed. A cover 36 formed in a smooth shape from the condenser main body 28 is installed above the bypass steam jet pipe 22. As shown in FIG. 14, the tube banks 31 are arranged in two rows, and the pitch of the tube banks 31 is sparse at a position away from the bypass steam jet tube 22.
[0109]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0110]
When the turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, the steam is ejected from the ejection hole 23, and a part of the steam collides almost perpendicularly with the pipe group 31, and the steam is decelerated. The other steam is mixed with the steam ejected from the opposite side and the flowing exhaust gas, is gradually decelerated in the condenser, and then flows down and is condensed by heat exchange with the cooling pipe 16.
[0111]
The turbine exhaust stream b enters from the upper part of the condenser, but the part of the condenser body 28 that flows in the vicinity of the bypass steam ejection pipe 22 flows down the upper surface of the cover 36 provided on the upper part of the pipe. To go.
[0112]
In the present embodiment, as described above, since the bypass steam ejection pipe 22 and the pipe group 31 are vertically arranged so as to be parallel to the turbine exhaust flow b, the resistance to the turbine exhaust flow b can be reduced. In addition, since the bypass steam ejection pipe 22 is provided almost entirely in the height direction of the condenser main body 28, a large number of ejection holes 23 can be provided, and a large amount of bypass steam can be processed.
[0113]
In this embodiment, an example is shown in which the bypass steam ejection pipe 22 is installed along the condenser body 28 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cooling pipe group 17. 28, and a discharge hole 23 can also be provided in a horizontal portion before the bypass steam discharge pipe 22 branches off. Further, since the gas is ejected at the upper part of the condenser, the distance to the cooling pipe group 17 can be increased, and the cooling pipe group 17 is well dispersed.
[0114]
In addition, by arranging the tube group 31 vertically, the bypass steam after the collision can smoothly flow to the cooling tube group 17 below. The cover 36 at the upper part of the bypass steam jet pipe is provided so that the turbine exhaust flow b can be smoothly introduced, and can prevent a reduction in pressure loss during normal operation and corrosion of the upper end of the bypass steam jet pipe 22. it can.
[0115]
15 and 16 show a tenth embodiment of the present invention, which will be described below.
[0116]
In the present embodiment, similarly to the ninth embodiment, the bypass steam ejection pipe 22 is horizontally introduced into the condenser from between the low-pressure feed water heater 9 and the cooling pipe group 17 and is horizontally spaced. It is branched into three in the vertical direction, and is disposed above the condenser so as to extend along the condenser body 28. The ejection hole 23 is opened in a required direction in the condenser, and a tube bank 31 is installed in a direction in which the ejection hole 23 is directed, as shown in FIG. A cover 36 formed in a smooth shape from the condenser body 28 is provided above the bypass steam jet pipe 22.
[0117]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0118]
When the turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, the steam is ejected from the ejection hole 23 and collides with the pipe group 31 almost vertically, so that the steam is decelerated. The steam is mixed with the flowing turbine exhaust stream b, flows down in the condenser, and is cooled by heat exchange with a group of cooling pipes 17 having cooling pipes 16 to be condensed.
[0119]
Although the exhaust gas flows from the upper part of the condenser, the part of the condenser body 28 that flows near the bypass steam outlet pipe 22 flows down the upper surface of the cover 36 provided on the upper part of the steam outlet pipe 22. I will do it.
[0120]
In the present embodiment, as described above, since the bypass steam ejection pipe 22 and the pipe group 31 are vertically arranged so as to be parallel to the turbine exhaust flow b, the resistance to the turbine exhaust flow b can be reduced. In addition, since the bypass steam ejection pipe 22 is provided almost entirely in the height direction of the condenser main body 28, a large number of ejection holes 23 can be provided, and a large amount of bypass steam can be processed.
[0121]
In this embodiment, an example is shown in which the bypass steam ejection pipe 22 is installed along the condenser body 28 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cooling pipe group 17. Also, the ejection holes 23 can be provided in a horizontal portion before the bypass steam ejection tube 22 branches off.
[0122]
In addition, since the bypass steam is ejected at the upper part of the condenser, the distance to the cooling pipe group 17 can be increased, and the steam is well dispersed to the cooling pipe group 17. In addition, by arranging the tube group 31 vertically, the bypass steam after the collision can smoothly flow to the cooling tube group 17 below. The cover 36 at the upper end of the bypass steam jet pipe 22 is provided so that the turbine exhaust flow b can be smoothly introduced, and prevents pressure loss during normal operation and corrosion of the upper end of the bypass steam jet pipe 22. be able to.
[0123]
FIG. 17 shows an eleventh embodiment of the present invention in which three condensers are installed in one nuclear power plant. In this embodiment, the configuration is almost the same as that of the ninth embodiment. The same reference numerals are given to the same members, and the description is omitted. The condenser has a bypass steam discharge pipe 22 adjacent to the condenser communication cylinder 26, and a discharge hole 23 toward the inside of the condenser communication cylinder 26. Provided The points are fundamentally different.
[0124]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0125]
When the turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, the bypass steam is ejected from the ejection holes 23, and a part of the steam is also ejected into the condenser connecting cylinder 26. In the bypass steam in the condenser communication cylinder 26, the steam ejected from the bypass steam jet pipes 22 facing each other collides with each other, flows to a lower portion of the condenser communication cylinder 26, and then flows down in the condenser. It is mixed with the turbine exhaust b and cooled by heat exchange between the cooling pipes 16 and the cooling pipe group 17, and condensed.
[0126]
In this embodiment, as described above, the space in the condenser communication cylinder 26 can be effectively used, and large-capacity bypass steam can be processed without greatly increasing the size of the condenser.
[0127]
FIG. 18 shows a twelfth embodiment of the present invention, in which arc-shaped baffle plates 24 are provided on both sides of a circular bypass steam jet pipe 22, and one of the downstream end portions thereof has A projection 37 and an upstream hole 38 are provided, and a groove member 39 is disposed close to the other downstream end via a groove 39a.
[0128]
The bypass steam jet pipe 22 with the steam moderator is installed in the direction of the exhaust flow like the baffle plate 24a of FIG. 1 similarly to the fifth embodiment, or is installed in the horizontal direction of the condenser like the baffle plate 24b. Or is installed in. FIG. 18 shows an example of the arrangement when the device is installed at the position of the baffle plate 24a in FIG.
[0129]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0130]
When the turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, the steam is ejected from the ejection hole 23, and the accelerated steam collides with the baffle plate 24, flows along the baffle plate 24, and is deflected. Energy is lost and drained out of the steam moderator.
[0131]
The steam inside the bypass steam jet pipe 22 is superheated steam having a high pressure, but after exiting the jet hole 23, the pressure is reduced to the pressure of the condenser and becomes saturated steam. Further, a part of the vapor collides with the baffle plate 24 to form fine droplets and flows on the baffle plate 24. The droplet hits the projection 27 on the baffle plate 24, and is discharged from a hole 38 provided at the end of the baffle plate 24. Most of the vapor flows out of the vapor moderator over the protrusion 37 because its density is smaller than that of the droplet. Further, the droplet enters the groove 39a of the groove member 39, and the direction in which the droplet scatters changes.
[0132]
The steam in the condenser is saturated steam and contains droplets in the steam. When the droplet repeatedly hits the cooling pipe group 17 at a high speed, the cooling pipe 16 is damaged. After the bypass steam also collides with the baffle plate 24, it comes to contain droplets. If the outlet of the baffle plate 24 faces the direction of the cooling pipe group 17, the bypass steam is accelerated even if its initial velocity is low, and is accelerated. May cause damage.
[0133]
In the present embodiment, a droplet separation function is provided on the downstream side of the vapor flow of the baffle plate 24 so that the droplets are not directly scattered toward the cooling tube group 17, so that the cooling tube group 17 is not damaged by the droplet. Can be prevented.
[0134]
FIG. 19 shows a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention, in which a large number of ejection holes 23 are provided on both sides of a circular bypass steam ejection tube 22. An arc-shaped baffle plate 24 is provided on both sides of the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, and a groove-shaped pocket 40 having a narrow open end is provided at an end thereof.
[0135]
The bypass steam jet pipe 22 with the steam moderator is installed in the direction of the turbine exhaust flow b as in the baffle plate 24a of FIG. 1 similarly to the fifth embodiment, or is connected to the condenser as in the baffle plate 24b. Although it is installed horizontally, FIG. 19 shows an arrangement example when installed at the position of the baffle plate 24a in FIG.
[0136]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0137]
When the turbine bypass steam is supplied to the bypass steam ejection pipe 22, the steam is ejected from the ejection holes 23 as in the twelfth embodiment, and the accelerated steam collides with the baffle plate 24 and follows the baffle plate 24. Energy is lost by flowing and deflecting as described above, and flows out of the steam moderator.
[0138]
Fine droplets generated by a part of the steam colliding with the baffle plate 24 flow along the baffle plate 24 and enter the pocket 40 provided at the end of the baffle plate 24. The pockets 40 are formed along the longitudinal direction of the baffle plate 24, and the droplets flow inside the pockets 40 in the longitudinal direction and are discharged from predetermined discharge ports and flow down.
[0139]
Most of the steam flows out of the steam moderator without entering the pocket 40 because its density is smaller than that of the droplet.
[0140]
In this embodiment, a droplet separation function is provided at the end of the baffle plate 24, and the droplets are separated in advance, so that damage to the cooling tube group due to the droplets can be prevented.
[0141]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, the direction of the steam moderator constituted by the plate material is set to be substantially parallel to the turbine steam flow during normal operation, so that the turbine steam flow during normal operation is not disturbed. Thus, steam can be effectively condensed in a narrow limited space, and good water condensing performance can be obtained by suppressing pressure loss during normal operation.
[0142]
Further, according to the present invention, since the interval between the pair of plate members constituting the steam moderator is set to be wider on the downstream side than on the upstream side of the turbine exhaust flow during the normal operation, the bypass steam is efficiently cooled by the cooling pipe. Can be drained into groups.
[0143]
Further, according to the present invention, since the bypass steam ejection pipe is formed by an elliptic pipe having a long axis in the direction of the turbine steam flow during the normal operation, the pressure loss during the normal operation is increased without increasing the pressure loss by 100%. Can process the bypass steam.
[0144]
Further, in the present invention, since the flow guide is provided on the downstream side of the turbine exhaust flow of the steam moderator, the bypass steam is evenly distributed throughout the entire cooling pipe group without causing a significant pressure loss. It is possible to improve the vapor condensation efficiency.
[0145]
Further, in the present invention, since the flow guide is constituted by a plurality of strips arranged substantially in parallel, the flow guide can be easily manufactured.
[0146]
Further, in the present invention, since the center of the arc of the pair of arc-shaped plate members constituting the steam moderator is shifted to the other plate member side opposite to the center position of the bypass steam ejection pipe, the pair of plate members The opening area can be increased, and the jet steam can be decelerated effectively in a narrow space.
[0147]
Further, according to the present invention, the steam moderator is provided with a small opening through which the bypass steam passes to the outer diameter side. It can flow and reduce pressure loss during normal operation.
[0148]
Further, in the present invention, since the steam moderator is constituted by a tube group, it is possible to take a soft structure against impact unlike a single plate.
[0149]
Further, according to the present invention, since the steam moderator is constituted by a perforated plate or a lattice plate, a large volume of bypass steam can be processed with a reduced pressure loss during normal operation.
[0150]
Further, in the present invention, since the steam moderator is constituted by a plurality of impingement plates arranged at positions displaced in the circumferential direction and the radial direction, the pressure loss during normal operation is reduced and the bypass steam having a large capacity is provided. Can be processed.
[0151]
Further, in the present invention, the steam moderator is constituted by a tube group disposed horizontally between the cooling pipe group and the bypass steam ejection pipe, so that the steam is restored during both the normal operation and the bypass operation. It can be evenly distributed to the entire water vessel and can efficiently exchange heat.
[0152]
Further, in the present invention, the bypass steam ejection pipe is disposed vertically along the inner surface of the upper main body, and the turbine bypass steam is ejected toward the inside of the condenser. Can be provided.
[0153]
Further, in the present invention, since the bypass steam ejection pipe is provided with an ejection hole toward the inside of the condenser communication cylinder, the space in the condenser communication cylinder is effectively used, and the size of the condenser is reduced. A large volume of bypass steam can be processed without increasing the size.
[0154]
Further, in the present invention, since the droplet moderator or the flow guide is provided with the droplet separation mechanism, the droplets in the vapor are scattered in directions other than the cooling tube group, thereby preventing damage to the cooling tube group due to the droplet. can do.
[0155]
Further, in the present invention, since the droplet separation mechanism is constituted by the projections and holes provided on the steam moderator or the flow guide, a great effect can be obtained with a simple structure.
[0156]
Further, in the present invention, since the droplet separating mechanism is constituted by the steam moderator or the groove member arranged in the flow guide, the droplet can be separated more reliably.
[0157]
Further, according to the present invention, since the droplet reduction mechanism is provided in the steam reducer or the flow guide, it is possible to prevent not only the cooling pipe group but also other condenser structures from being damaged by the droplets.
[0158]
Further, in the present invention, since the droplet removing mechanism is constituted by the pocket provided in the steam moderator or the flow guide, only the droplet can be efficiently removed with a simple structure.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional front view showing a condenser according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional side view similar to FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a bypass steam ejection pipe portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a bird's-eye view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a view similar to FIG. 2 and corresponding to FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a plan view of FIG. 12;
FIG. 15 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a diagram similar to FIG. 2, similar to FIG. 15;
FIG. 17 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 18 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 showing a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 20 is a schematic system diagram showing a steam turbine plant.
FIG. 21 is a sectional front view showing a conventional condenser.
FIG. 22 is a sectional side view similar to FIG. 22;
FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow inside a conventional condenser.
FIG. 24 is an enlarged view of a conventional bypass steam ejection pipe portion.
FIG. 25 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 24;
[Explanation of symbols]
6 condenser
6a Upper body trunk
6b Lower body trunk
6c Hotwell
9 Low pressure feed water heater
17 Cooling tube group
22 Bypass steam jet pipe
23 Orifice
24 baffle plate
26 Condenser connecting body
28 Condenser main body
30 Flow Guide
31 tube banks
32 perforated plate
33,38 holes
34 Impact plate
37 protrusion
39 Groove member
39a groove
40 pockets

Claims (17)

A plurality of feed water heaters disposed in the upper main body, a cooling pipe group disposed in the lower main body, and disposed between the feed water heater and the cooling pipe group with a steam moderator; The steam moderator is provided with a pair of plate members located on both sides of the bypass steam jet pipe through a bypass steam jet pipe. Wherein the interval between the plate members is larger on the downstream side than on the upstream side of the turbine exhaust flow during normal operation . The condenser according to claim 1, wherein the bypass steam ejection pipe is formed by an elliptic pipe or an elliptic pipe having a long axis in the direction of the turbine exhaust flow during normal operation. 3. The condenser according to claim 1, further comprising a flow guide downstream of the steam moderator on the turbine exhaust stream, the flow guide uniformly distributing the bypass steam over the entire cooling pipe group. 4. 4. The condenser according to claim 3 , wherein the flow guide is constituted by a plurality of strips arranged substantially in parallel. A plurality of feed water heaters disposed in the upper main body, a cooling pipe group disposed in the lower main body, and disposed between the feed water heater and the cooling pipe group with a steam moderator; And a bypass steam injection pipe for introducing turbine bypass steam, wherein the steam moderator comprises a pair of arc-shaped plate members located on both sides of the bypass steam injection pipe via the bypass steam injection pipe. A condenser characterized in that the center of the arc of each plate is shifted to the other plate facing the center position of the bypass steam ejection pipe. A plurality of feed water heaters disposed in the upper main body, a cooling pipe group disposed in the lower main body, and disposed between the feed water heater and the cooling pipe group with a steam moderator; And a bypass steam injection pipe for introducing turbine bypass steam, the steam moderator is disposed on an outer peripheral portion of the bypass steam injection pipe, and the steam moderator is provided with bypass steam. Characterized in that a small opening through which the outer diameter passes is provided. 7. The condenser according to claim 6 , wherein the steam moderator is constituted by a tube group, and a gap between adjacent tubes has a small opening. 7. The condenser according to claim 6 , wherein the steam moderator is constituted by a perforated plate or a lattice plate. 7. The condenser according to claim 6 , wherein the steam moderator is constituted by a plurality of impact plates arranged at positions shifted in a circumferential direction and a radial direction, and a gap between the impact plates is a small opening. A plurality of feed water heaters disposed in the upper main body, a cooling pipe group disposed in the lower main body, and disposed between the feed water heater and the cooling pipe group with a steam moderator; In a surface-contact type condenser provided with a bypass steam ejection pipe for introducing turbine bypass steam, the steam moderator comprises a pipe group horizontally disposed between the cooling pipe group and the bypass steam ejection pipe. And a discharge hole provided on the lower surface side of the bypass steam discharge pipe. A plurality of feed water heaters disposed in the upper main body, a cooling pipe group disposed in the lower main body, and disposed between the feed water heater and the cooling pipe group with a steam moderator; And a bypass steam spouting pipe for introducing turbine bypass steam, wherein the bypass steam spouting pipe is disposed vertically along the inner surface of the upper main body, and a condenser is provided. A condenser, wherein a discharge hole is provided toward the inside, and the steam moderator is disposed between a bypass steam discharge pipe and a feedwater heater. Between upper body cylinder adjacent condenser, as well as connected via the condenser contact cylinder, the bypass steam jet pipe, condensate of claim 11 in which a jet holes toward the condenser contact the barrel Water bowl. A plurality of feed water heaters disposed in the upper body, a cooling pipe group disposed in the lower body, and a turbine disposed above the cooling pipe group with a steam moderator or a flow guide. In a surface-contact type condenser provided with a bypass steam ejection pipe for introducing bypass steam, droplets in steam in the condenser are scattered in a direction other than the cooling pipe group to the steam moderator or the flow guide. A condenser comprising a droplet separation mechanism for causing the liquid to separate. 14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the droplet separating mechanism comprises a projection provided at a downstream end of the steam moderator or the flow guide in the turbine bypass steam flow, and a hole provided in the projection upstream of the turbine bypass steam flow. Water bowl. 14. The condenser according to claim 13 , wherein the droplet separating mechanism is constituted by a steam moderator or a groove member disposed at a downstream end of a flow path of a turbine bypass steam flow. A plurality of feed water heaters disposed in the upper body, a cooling pipe group disposed in the lower body, and a turbine disposed above the cooling pipe group with a steam moderator or a flow guide. In a surface-contact type condenser provided with a bypass steam injection pipe for introducing bypass steam, the steam moderator or the flow guide collects liquid droplets in the steam in the condenser and guides them to the discharge port. A condenser, comprising a drop removing mechanism that performs the operation. 17. The condenser according to claim 16 , wherein the droplet removing mechanism is constituted by a groove-shaped pocket having a narrowed opening provided at an end of the steam moderator or the flow guide.

Images