JPS582821A - Liquid-crystal display body device - Google Patents
Liquid-crystal display body deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPS582821A JPS582821A JP56101776A JP10177681A JPS582821A JP S582821 A JPS582821 A JP S582821A JP 56101776 A JP56101776 A JP 56101776A JP 10177681 A JP10177681 A JP 10177681A JP S582821 A JPS582821 A JP S582821A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- display device
- holes
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、液晶表示体装置に関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
さらに本発明は、液晶表示セルを構成する一方の基板に
、スイッチング素子と液晶駆動電極から成る一嵩回路が
マトリックス状に配置された基板を用い、蒙液晶駆動電
極表面が明るい白色を呈する様に、その表面を凸凹とし
て拡散反射面とした液晶表示体装置において、蒙凸凹パ
ターンの形状及び寸法及び配置に関するものである。Furthermore, the present invention uses a substrate on which bulky circuits consisting of switching elements and liquid crystal drive electrodes are arranged in a matrix on one of the substrates constituting the liquid crystal display cell, so that the surface of the liquid crystal drive electrodes exhibits a bright white color. The present invention relates to the shape, size, and arrangement of a convex-concave pattern in a liquid crystal display device whose surface is an uneven and diffusely reflective surface.
液晶表示装置は、低電力、薄蓋という特徴をもち、腕時
計や電卓はもとより、多くの電気製品の情報表示装置と
して広く実用化されているのは周知の通りである。今後
は、より幅広いニーズに答えるために、大容量、高密度
表示が可能な液晶表示装置の実翼が望まれている。It is well known that liquid crystal display devices have the characteristics of low power consumption and thin lids, and are widely used as information display devices for wristwatches, calculators, and many other electrical products. In the future, in order to meet a wider range of needs, there will be a need for actual liquid crystal display devices capable of large capacity and high density display.
大容量、高密度表示が可能な液晶表示装置の一つに、シ
リコン基板上に、ＭＯＳ）ランジスタ。One type of liquid crystal display device capable of large capacity, high density display is a MOS (MOS) transistor on a silicon substrate.
マトリックス状に配置した半導体基板とガラス基板の間
に液晶層をはさんだ構造をもつ液晶表示体装置がある。There is a liquid crystal display device that has a structure in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between semiconductor substrates and glass substrates arranged in a matrix.
この方式の特徴は、下側基板が半導体基板であるために
一画素のサイズを０．０５〜ロー−と非常に小さく作り
込むことが出来るため高密度表示が可能であること。及
び、各画素回路毎にキャパシタが接続されているので、
液晶には１００％のデユーティ−で電圧が加わるため駆
動ライン数に制限がないことである。The feature of this method is that since the lower substrate is a semiconductor substrate, the size of one pixel can be made very small, from 0.05 to low, and high-density display is possible. And, since a capacitor is connected to each pixel circuit,
Since a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal with a duty of 100%, there is no limit to the number of driving lines.
しかし、下側基板に不透明なシリコン基板を用いるため
、偏光板を２枚用いるＴＮ（ツイストネマチック）＊晶
は用いることは出来ない、したがって液晶としては、ゲ
ストホスト液晶が用いられている。ゲストホスト液晶を
用いる場合には、液晶駆動電極が白色を呈するように表
面を凹凸に加工しなければならない。表面を凹凸に加工
する方法は種々ある。最も明るい白色を得る方法は、シ
！警
リコン基板上にスイッチング素子等を作り込む工程にお
いて、ホトリゾグラフィー技術にて任意の凹凸パターン
を多数作り込む方法である。この方法にて作った液晶駆
動電極上の凹凸パターンを第１図に示す、第１ｍは、一
液晶駆動電極上のパターン図である１図中の１で示した
大きな長方形の部分が液晶駆動電極である。液晶駆動電
極表面には、ホトリゾグラフィ技術により本爽施例の場
合は正方形の大２がｔＩｉ爾的に彫威されている。この
正方形の穴の断−は、第２図に示す橡になだらかな正弦
波に近い形状をしている。今、第２図にて示す如く単色
光の平行光線３が液晶表示電極表面５に入射すると、そ
の反射光４は、お互いに強め合ったり翳め合りたりする
。す、なわち光路差Δｔが半波長の偶、歇恰の時、強い
光となり、奇数倍の時弱い光となる。入射光が白色光の
場合には、紅色の干渉色が眼に見える。第２図中のｄは
、繰り返しパターンのピッチである。However, since an opaque silicon substrate is used as the lower substrate, a TN (twisted nematic)* crystal using two polarizing plates cannot be used, so a guest-host liquid crystal is used as the liquid crystal. When using a guest-host liquid crystal, the surface must be textured so that the liquid crystal drive electrode exhibits a white color. There are various methods for making the surface uneven. The way to get the brightest white color is with Shi! This is a method in which a large number of arbitrary uneven patterns are created using photolithography technology in the process of creating switching elements and the like on a silicon substrate. Figure 1 shows the concavo-convex pattern on the liquid crystal drive electrode made by this method.No. 1m is a diagram of the pattern on one liquid crystal drive electrode.The large rectangular part indicated by 1 in Figure 1 is the liquid crystal drive electrode. It is. In the case of this embodiment, two large squares are engraved on the surface of the liquid crystal drive electrode using photolithography technology. The cross section of this square hole has a shape close to a gentle sine wave as shown in FIG. Now, as shown in FIG. 2, when monochromatic parallel light rays 3 are incident on the liquid crystal display electrode surface 5, the reflected light 4 strengthens or obscures each other. In other words, when the optical path difference Δt is even or equal to half a wavelength, the light is strong, and when it is an odd number, the light is weak. When the incident light is white light, a red interference color is visible to the eye. d in FIG. 2 is the pitch of the repeating pattern.
第３ＷＩＢは、入射角’ｌｊ反射角δ、またテーパー角
度を−とじた時の入射光重Ｌ−１及び入射光重Ｌ−２の
光路差Δｔを算出するための図である。The third WIB is a diagram for calculating the optical path difference Δt between the incident light weight L-1 and the incident light weight L-2 when the incident angle 'lj, the reflection angle δ, and the taper angle are closed.
この場合、光路差Δｔは、 Δｔ＝ｄｃｄｎδＨ−ｄｎδ、 ） ＝ｄ［虐δ１−幽（ψ、＋２１）） にて表わされる。In this case, the optical path difference Δt is Δt=dcdnδH−dnδ,) = d [Double δ1 - Yu (ψ, +21)) It is expressed as
このΔｔが半波長の偶数倍の時に強い光となる。When this Δt is an even multiple of a half wavelength, the light becomes strong.
したがって前述した如く眼には干渉縞として鋏る。Therefore, as mentioned above, it appears to the eye as interference fringes.
第１図及び第２図で示したような液晶駆動電極上の凹凸
パターンは、液晶駆動電極を明るい白色にするために形
成したのであるが、上記したように干渉縞が見えたの＋
は液晶表示特性が低下してしまう、したがってキ渉縞が
出ない様に液晶駆動電極表面に凹凸レリーフを形成する
ことが望ましい。The uneven pattern on the liquid crystal drive electrode shown in Figures 1 and 2 was formed to make the liquid crystal drive electrode bright white, but as mentioned above, interference fringes were visible.
Therefore, it is desirable to form an uneven relief on the surface of the liquid crystal drive electrode to prevent interference fringes from appearing.
本卑明は、かかる従来の欠点を除去するために発明され
たものであり、液晶駆動電極表面に形成する凹凸パター
ンの形状９寸法及ｑ配置等を工夫し、干渉縞及び干渉色
が表われないで、しかも明るい白色を呈する液晶駆動電
極を提供するものである。The present invention was invented in order to eliminate these conventional drawbacks, and by devising the shape, 9 dimensions, and q arrangement of the uneven pattern formed on the surface of the liquid crystal drive electrode, interference fringes and interference colors appear. The present invention provides a liquid crystal drive electrode that exhibits bright white color without the need for liquid crystal display.
＃１３図の考察から二干渉縞及び干渉色が表われない様
にするには、
（１）、凹凸パターンのピッチｄをランダムにする。From the consideration of Figure #13, in order to prevent double interference fringes and interference colors from appearing, (1), the pitch d of the concavo-convex pattern is made random.
（２）、２つ以上の光源の下にて液晶表示体装置を使用
する。(2) Using the liquid crystal display device under two or more light sources.
（３）、拡散板を透過した光の下にて液晶表示体装置を
使用する。(3) The liquid crystal display device is used under light transmitted through a diffuser plate.
等が考えられる。（りと（１）は、使用上の制約である
ので（１）を実現することが要求される。etc. are possible. (Since (1) is a restriction on use, it is required to implement (1).
館４図には、本発明による液晶駆動電極表面上のパター
ンの一実施例を示す。第４図の実施例においては、大の
形状は正方形であり、ピッチは等しいが寸法が異なって
いる。このようなパターンの場合には、干渉縞あるいは
干渉色は非常に少なくなる。Figure 4 shows an example of a pattern on the surface of a liquid crystal drive electrode according to the present invention. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the large shape is square, with equal pitches but different dimensions. In the case of such a pattern, interference fringes or interference colors will be very small.
第５９１は、他の実施例である０本実施例においては、
大の形状及び寸法はすべて同じであるが、穴と大の閤−
がランダムになっている。このようなパターンの場合に
も干渉縞及び干渉色は少ない。No. 591 is another embodiment. In this embodiment,
The shape and dimensions of the large part are all the same, but the hole and the large part are the same.
is random. Even in the case of such a pattern, there are few interference fringes and interference colors.
箇６図は、第５の実施例である。一つの液晶駆動電極上
においては、穴の形状９寸法及び配置はすべて同じであ
るが、隣り合う液晶駆動電極同士では異なる場合である
。このような場合においても干渉縞及び干渉色はほとん
ど表われない。Figure 6 shows the fifth embodiment. The dimensions and arrangement of the holes on one liquid crystal drive electrode are all the same, but they are different between adjacent liquid crystal drive electrodes. Even in such a case, interference fringes and interference colors hardly appear.
第７図は、円形の穴の場合であり、円の大きさ及び間隔
をランダムに変えている。又、第８図は穴の形状も正方
形と長方形の２種類を用いており大きさも蜜えている。FIG. 7 shows a case of circular holes, and the size and interval of the circles are changed randomly. Further, in Fig. 8, two types of hole shapes are used, square and rectangular, and the sizes are also consistent.
このように本発明は、液晶駆動電極表面が明るい白色を
呈するような凹凸パターンの形状９寸法及び配置に関す
るものであり、従来の規則的なパターン配置において生
じた干渉縞あるいは干渉色が見えなくなり、液晶材料と
してゲストホストを用い′た液晶表示体装置においては
、どのような光源の下においても白地にゲストのあざや
かな色表示が出来る様になり、表示特性の大幅な向上が
計れた。As described above, the present invention relates to the dimensions and arrangement of a concavo-convex pattern so that the surface of the liquid crystal drive electrode exhibits a bright white color, and the interference fringes or interference colors that occur in the conventional regular pattern arrangement are no longer visible. In a liquid crystal display device using a guest host as a liquid crystal material, it has become possible to display vivid colors of the guest on a white background under any light source, and the display characteristics have been significantly improved.
液晶駆動電極上の穴あるいは突起パターンのピッチは画
素サイズがａ１〜ｔｏ−程度の場合には１〜５０μ雪程
度が−５、当である。また液晶駆動電極材料は、可視光
領域において反射率の高いムＬ、ムｔあるい龜それらの
合金が適当である。また穴あるいは突起部のテーパー角
度は、明るい拡散反射光を得るためには、１０〜２０°
程度、最大でも５０°のゆるやかさが必要である。The pitch of the hole or protrusion pattern on the liquid crystal drive electrode is approximately 1 to 50 μm when the pixel size is approximately a1 to to −5. Further, as the material for the liquid crystal drive electrode, it is appropriate to use MuL, Mut, or an alloy thereof, which has a high reflectance in the visible light region. In addition, the taper angle of the hole or protrusion should be 10 to 20 degrees in order to obtain bright diffuse reflected light.
It is necessary to have a gentleness of at most 50°.
第１図は従来の液晶駆動電極上の規則的な、＜ターンを
説明する図。
第２図及び第５図は、規則的なパターンにおいて干渉に
よる縞あるいは虹が表われる事を説明する図。
第４図〜第８図は、本発明による液晶駆動電極上の不規
則パターンの例。
１・・・・・・液晶駆動電極 。
２・・・・・・穴あるいは突起状パターン５・・・・−
・入射光
４・・・・・・反射光
５・・・・・・規則性のある凹凸パターン以 上
出願人 株式金社諏訪精工舎
代理人 弁理士 最上 務
第３図
口 ロロロ
第５図
第６図
第７図
第８図FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating regular < turns on a conventional liquid crystal drive electrode. FIGS. 2 and 5 are diagrams illustrating the appearance of fringes or rainbows due to interference in a regular pattern. 4 to 8 are examples of irregular patterns on liquid crystal drive electrodes according to the present invention. 1...Liquid crystal drive electrode. 2... Hole or protrusion pattern 5...-
- Incident light 4...Reflected light 5...Regular uneven pattern or more Applicant Kinsha Suwa Seikosha Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Mogami Mogami Figure 3 Exit Rororo Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8
Claims (1)
ッチング素子及び液晶駆動電極から成る画素回路が！ト
リックス状に配置された基板を用いた液晶表示体装置に
おいて、該液晶駆動電極表面には、穴あるいは突起が多
機存在することを特徴とする液晶表示体装置。 （り パネル法線方向から蒐た、鋏穴あるいは突起の
形状は１円形、楕円形、正方形、長方形、三角形、六角
形あるいは、これらの組み合わせによって出来る形状の
いずれか１つあるいはそれらの組み合せによって出来る
形状であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載
の液晶表示体装置。 （３） 一つの液晶駆動電極上の穴あ°るいは突起の
形状の寸法は、隣り合う大同士あ・るいは隣り合う突起
同士で異なることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記
載の液晶−水体装置。 （４）一つの液晶駆動電極上の穴あるいは突起の形状及
び寸法はすべて同じであり、穴と穴の間隔、あるいは突
起と突起の間隔が、隣り合う大同士あるいは隣り合う突
起同士で興なることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項
記載の液晶表示体装置。 （５）一つの液晶駆動電極上の穴あるいは突起の形状１
寸法及び間隔はすべて同じであるが、隣り合う液晶駆動
電極同士では異なることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
１項記載の液晶表示体装置。 （６）液晶駆動電極上の穴あるいは突起のピッチは１〜
５０μ悔の範囲に入ることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲
第１項記載の液晶表示体装置。 （７） 液晶はゲストホスト液晶であることを特徴と
する特許請求の範囲第１項記載の液晶表示体装置。 （８）液晶駆動電極は、ｋｌ、Ａｔ合金、Ａｆあるいは
に？合金であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項
記載の液晶表示体装置。 （９） 液晶駆動電極上の穴あるいは突起部の斜面傾
斜角は最大５０’であることを特徴とする特許請求の範
■第１項記載の液晶表示体装置。[Scope of Claim] (In a liquid crystal display device using a substrate in which a pixel circuit consisting of a switching element and a liquid crystal drive electrode is arranged in a !trix shape on one substrate constituting an 11III crystal display cell, the liquid crystal drive A liquid crystal display device characterized by the presence of multiple holes or protrusions on the electrode surface. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid crystal display device has a shape formed by any one of a triangle, a hexagon, or a combination thereof, or a shape formed by a combination thereof. (3) One. 2. The liquid crystal-water body device according to claim 1, wherein the dimensions of the shapes of the holes or protrusions on the liquid crystal driving electrodes are different between adjacent large holes or between adjacent protrusions. (4) The shapes and dimensions of the holes or protrusions on one liquid crystal drive electrode are all the same, and the distance between holes or the distance between protrusions is the same between adjacent holes or between adjacent protrusions. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: (5) Shape 1 of a hole or protrusion on one liquid crystal drive electrode;
2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein dimensions and intervals are all the same, but are different between adjacent liquid crystal drive electrodes. (6) The pitch of holes or protrusions on the liquid crystal drive electrode is 1~
The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display device is within a range of 50 μm. (7) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal is a guest-host liquid crystal. (8) Is the liquid crystal drive electrode KL, At alloy, Af or? The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display device is an alloy. (9) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the slope angle of the hole or protrusion on the liquid crystal drive electrode is at most 50'.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56101776A JPS582821A (en) | 1981-06-29 | 1981-06-29 | Liquid-crystal display body device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56101776A JPS582821A (en) | 1981-06-29 | 1981-06-29 | Liquid-crystal display body device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS582821A true JPS582821A (en) | 1983-01-08 |
Family
ID=14309601
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56101776A Pending JPS582821A (en) | 1981-06-29 | 1981-06-29 | Liquid-crystal display body device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS582821A (en) |
Cited By (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60201198A (en) * | 1984-03-26 | 1985-10-11 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | Heat-insulating piping material |
| JPS60232668A (en) * | 1984-05-02 | 1985-11-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Grid for lead storage battery and manufacture thereof |
| JPS614562U (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1986-01-11 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Aquatic plant cultivation equipment |
| JPS62228794A (en) * | 1987-03-24 | 1987-10-07 | 吉村 正男 | Vacuum heat-insulating material combining sound-insulating material |
| JPH02153732A (en) * | 1988-12-06 | 1990-06-13 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Heat ray shielding material and compound sheet used thereof |
| US5056893A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1991-10-15 | Licentia Patent-Vertwaltungs-Gmbh | Display device |
| JPH05273569A (en) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-22 | Toshiba Corp | Liquid crystal display element |
| US5495352A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1996-02-27 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device with stripe-shaped unevennesses on the electrodes |
| JPH0895071A (en) * | 1994-09-28 | 1996-04-12 | Sharp Corp | Reflection type liquid crystal display device |
| JPH10123508A (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 1998-05-15 | Sharp Corp | Reflection plate, reflection type liquid crystal display device and production thereof |
| JPH10186359A (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 1998-07-14 | Sharp Corp | Reflection type liquid crystal display device |
| JPH10213794A (en) * | 1996-04-30 | 1998-08-11 | Nec Corp | Liquid crystal display device |
| JPH1184375A (en) * | 1997-09-10 | 1999-03-26 | Sony Corp | Reflection type liquid crystal display |
| JP2000284263A (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-13 | Seiko Instruments Inc | Reflection type liquid crystal display device |
| JP2000284272A (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-13 | Sharp Corp | Liquid crystal display device and its production |
| JP2000338520A (en) * | 1999-05-26 | 2000-12-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
| JP2001311936A (en) * | 2000-04-27 | 2001-11-09 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | Liquid crystal display element |
| JP2002107705A (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2002-04-10 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display element |
| JP2002258270A (en) * | 2000-12-25 | 2002-09-11 | Seiko Epson Corp | Substrate for liquid crystal device, its manufacturing method, liquid crystal device, its manufacturing method and electronic equipment |
| US6580485B1 (en) | 1996-04-30 | 2003-06-17 | Nec Corporation | Liquid crystal display apparatus having improved gray scale display characteristics |
| JP2003295211A (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2003-10-15 | Sharp Corp | Method for manufacturing liquid crystal display device |
| JP2003307729A (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2003-10-31 | Sharp Corp | Method for manufacturing liquid crystal display device |
| JP2004004786A (en) * | 2000-12-25 | 2004-01-08 | Seiko Epson Corp | Liquid crystal device substrate, manufacturing method of the substrate, liquid crystal device, manufacturing method of the device and electronic equipment |
| JP2004029164A (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-29 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Liquid crystal display element |
| JP2011164628A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2011-08-25 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | Method of manufacturing electro-optical device |
| CN105093669A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-11-25 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Color film substrate, production method of color film substrate, display panel and display device |
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-
1981
- 1981-06-29 JP JP56101776A patent/JPS582821A/en active Pending
Cited By (32)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60201198A (en) * | 1984-03-26 | 1985-10-11 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | Heat-insulating piping material |
| JPS60232668A (en) * | 1984-05-02 | 1985-11-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Grid for lead storage battery and manufacture thereof |
| JPS614562U (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1986-01-11 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Aquatic plant cultivation equipment |
| JPS62228794A (en) * | 1987-03-24 | 1987-10-07 | 吉村 正男 | Vacuum heat-insulating material combining sound-insulating material |
| JPH02153732A (en) * | 1988-12-06 | 1990-06-13 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Heat ray shielding material and compound sheet used thereof |
| US5056893A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1991-10-15 | Licentia Patent-Vertwaltungs-Gmbh | Display device |
| JPH05273569A (en) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-22 | Toshiba Corp | Liquid crystal display element |
| US5644372A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1997-07-01 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device having protrusions on the electrodes |
| US5495352A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1996-02-27 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device with stripe-shaped unevennesses on the electrodes |
| US5552914A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1996-09-03 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display having a fine particle-dispersion layer on at least one side of the liquid crystal layer |
| US5604613A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1997-02-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device with pixels having stripe-shaped projections with equal heights |
| JPH0895071A (en) * | 1994-09-28 | 1996-04-12 | Sharp Corp | Reflection type liquid crystal display device |
| JPH10213794A (en) * | 1996-04-30 | 1998-08-11 | Nec Corp | Liquid crystal display device |
| US6580485B1 (en) | 1996-04-30 | 2003-06-17 | Nec Corporation | Liquid crystal display apparatus having improved gray scale display characteristics |
| JPH10123508A (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 1998-05-15 | Sharp Corp | Reflection plate, reflection type liquid crystal display device and production thereof |
| US6313895B1 (en) | 1996-10-23 | 2001-11-06 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Reflecting plate, reflection type liquid crystal display device and processes for manufacturing same |
| JPH1184375A (en) * | 1997-09-10 | 1999-03-26 | Sony Corp | Reflection type liquid crystal display |
| JPH10186359A (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 1998-07-14 | Sharp Corp | Reflection type liquid crystal display device |
| JP2000284263A (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-13 | Seiko Instruments Inc | Reflection type liquid crystal display device |
| JP2000284272A (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-13 | Sharp Corp | Liquid crystal display device and its production |
| JP2000338520A (en) * | 1999-05-26 | 2000-12-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
| JP2001311936A (en) * | 2000-04-27 | 2001-11-09 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | Liquid crystal display element |
| JP2002107705A (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2002-04-10 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display element |
| US6919943B2 (en) | 2000-12-25 | 2005-07-19 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Substrate for a liquid crystal device, method of manufacturing a substrate for a liquid crystal device, a liquid crystal device, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, and an electronic apparatus |
| JP2004004786A (en) * | 2000-12-25 | 2004-01-08 | Seiko Epson Corp | Liquid crystal device substrate, manufacturing method of the substrate, liquid crystal device, manufacturing method of the device and electronic equipment |
| JP2002258270A (en) * | 2000-12-25 | 2002-09-11 | Seiko Epson Corp | Substrate for liquid crystal device, its manufacturing method, liquid crystal device, its manufacturing method and electronic equipment |
| JP2004029164A (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-29 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Liquid crystal display element |
| JP2003295211A (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2003-10-15 | Sharp Corp | Method for manufacturing liquid crystal display device |
| JP2003307729A (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2003-10-31 | Sharp Corp | Method for manufacturing liquid crystal display device |
| JP2011164628A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2011-08-25 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | Method of manufacturing electro-optical device |
| CN105093669A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-11-25 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Color film substrate, production method of color film substrate, display panel and display device |
| JPWO2018061709A1 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2019-06-24 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | the film |
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