JPS5827699A - Treatment of waste matter and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain deodorized and sterilized dry compost free from secondary decomposition, by adding CaO to water-contg. waste matter, applying cutting and crushing action to the waste matter, and scattering the waste matter in air with a counter-current to mix the waste matter. CONSTITUTION:Septic waste matter having water content of 60-90%, e.g. livestock excretions, is charged into a treating drum 1, and a motor 19 is driven to rotate a rotary shaft 14. Calcium oxide is then weighed and charged into the treating drum 1 through a charging opening 6 at a weight ratio of 5-30% to the matter to be treated. Cutting-agitating blades 20, 21 are rotated in the treating drum 1 at a rotation speed of 70-80rpm, so that the matter to be treated and the additive in the treating drum 1 are cut into fine pieces, agitated and mixed by the front cutting edges 20b, 21b of the blades 20, 21. The mixing and fractionization are completed within 5min without conversion into gypsum, to perform complete blending.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating pollution, particularly by adding and mixing calcium oxide to putrefying waste.

When processing fishery waste, livestock manure, and other putrescible wastes, it is important to note that these types of wastes have chemical specificities such as very rapid self-decomposition and oxidative decomposition, which accelerates decomposition. In addition, there was a secondary problem in that foul-smelling waste water was generated during treatment, which made treatment difficult.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, as a method for treating such perishable waste, a method is known in which calcium oxide (Oak) is added to waste and mixed therein. According to this method, by applying calcium oxide to perishable waste, first, decomposition products, lipid oxides, etc. contained in the waste are quickly converted into stable calcium salts through a chemical reaction. Stops decomposition, stops the production of volatile base nitrogen that gives off unpleasant odors, cuts off the source of bad odors, and at the same time stops the production of histamine, salin, etc. that occur during the process of decomposition, and also requires an external heat source. It is possible to deodorize, sterilize, and dehydrate and dry using the synergistic effect of the heat generated during the reaction process and chemical reaction.

However, the conventional mixing treatment of adding calcium oxide to waste adds a considerable amount of calcium oxide to the waste,
This is carried out by stirring and mixing for a sufficient period of time until the calcium oxide is uniformly mixed throughout the waste using an appropriate known stirring and mixing device. Complete treatment has not been carried out because it is not possible to completely blend the waste and calcium oxide.

In other words, the physical properties of putrescible wastes such as fishery waste and livestock manure are mainly composed of lipids and microorganisms, so they tend to coagulate when stirred, and I! The added calcium oxide also condenses lj
Since it is an I agent, when calcium oxide is added to the waste and mixed with a conventionally known suitable mixer, the calcium oxide is mixed with the curvature of the waste that has become nodules, and is mixed uniformly. If the mixture is stirred for a long time for the purpose of mixing, it will only cause gypsum formation and solidification, and will not be completely blended. In the case of treated materials that are not completely blended, untreated waste exists inside the nodules with fermented calcium attached to the outer surface, and toxic substances begin to be produced from this untreated waste. There were cases of the same layer causing burns, flies and maggots, and a foul odor. Furthermore, the compound is turned into gypsum by the combined effect of stirring and mixing for a long time, and even if the gypsum treated material is returned to the soil as fertilizer, it takes many years to decompose and its effectiveness as a fertilizer is low.

The present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned points, and involves adding calcium oxide to moisture-eating waste, applying cutting and crushing effects to the material to be treated, and scattering it in the air in a countercurrent to mix it. The purpose of this method is to allow calcium hydroxide to permeate the finely divided waste into particles in a short period of less than 3 minutes, and to thoroughly blend the waste uniformly in every detail. λ
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method that makes it possible to easily obtain deodorized and sterilized dry fertilizer with high fertilizer value that does not cause burnout.

For this reason, the addition and mixing treatment method according to the present invention is suitable for 0%
Waste containing more than water and by weight for this waste! ~x% of calcium oxide is charged into the processing drum in an amount of about 173 to IA of the internal volume of the processing drum, and a plurality of cutting II and stirring blades are installed in the processing drum with respect to the almost horizontal axis of rotation. Tilt the blade surface and rotate it to cut 1.
The mixture of waste and calcium oxide is cut into small pieces using a 1i stirring blade, and is flowed and scattered in the processing drum by a countercurrent toward the center of the drum in the direction of the rotation axis, and mixed while being finely crushed. It is characterized by complete blending in a short mixing time.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a device suitable for carrying out the addition and mixing treatment method, and for this reason, the device according to the present invention has a charging inlet and an unloading port expanded at the upper and lower portions, respectively. Open almost U-shaped I! i! a processing drum J having a horizontally extending longitudinal drum axis; a rotary shaft rotatable within the drum; a plurality of elongated plate-shaped stirring blades whose base end is fixed to the shaft and extend in the radial direction, and approximately half of these blades are used to stir the inside of the drum when the rotation shaft is rotated in a predetermined rotation direction. A blade plate surface is installed so as to be inclined in one direction at a predetermined angle with respect to the direction of the axis of the drum so that the object to be processed is sent from one end to the center of the drum,
The blade plate surface of the remaining approximately half of the blades is arranged so that when the rotation shaft is rotated in the predetermined rotation direction, the blade plate surface is configured to send the object to be processed in the front E drum from the other end of the drum toward t'la4im. The distal end portion of each 1% P is tilted in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation at an angle of approximately B with respect to the longitudinal axis of the blade, It is particularly preferred that the tip blade is provided so as to be able to come into sliding contact with the cylindrical inner part 11 of the processing drum.

The invention will now be explained with reference to the drawings.

In the drawing, l designates a processing drum, which is fixedly mounted on the pace J by a fixed support frame 2 and has a cylindrical body part /a extending in the horizontal direction and an upper chamber part expanding upward. The upper chamber part /b has an approximately U-shaped cross-sectional shape with an expanded upper part and a top plate d which closes the upper end of the upper chamber part b, and the waste to be treated is charged into the top plate d. and an additive charging port 6, and the weighed waste to be treated is passed through a screw conveyor (only its jacket casing 7 is shown in the drawing) to the charging port! Calcium oxide, which is an additive, is weighed by a known appropriate method from the S processing hopper t and charged through the charging port t, and the processed material is passed through the take-out lobe at the bottom of the processing drum. It is configured so that it can be taken out. -7θ is an operation handle for the opening/closing gate (not shown) of the door exit t, and is connected to the operating shaft // so that the opening/closing gate can be opened and closed.

An exhaust duct)/J is also attached to the top plate, and the exhaust duct)/J is configured to deodorize and discharge the steam generated during the processing into the atmosphere through a deodorizing device 13, which will be described later. There is.

Inside the processing drum l, a rotating shaft extending in the axial direction is provided at the center of its cylindrical body /a, and both ends of the rotating shaft l- are mounted outside the processing drum l by bearings /1, /! is rotatably supported on a fixed support frame 2, a large gear 14 is rigidly attached to one shaft end, and an intermediate small gear i meshing with the large gear 4 is connected to a motor n via a belt pulley transmission device/I. For example, γo -to rpm
Configure it to rotate at a low speed like this.

On the rotating shaft l#, there are a plurality of elongated plate-shaped cutting and stirring blades J7. J/ is attached to the rotating shaft l- at positions spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction and axial direction, with the base end fixed to the rotating shaft and extending in the radial direction. In the example shown in the drawing, the first
As shown in Figures and Figure 2, the axially adjacent blades X and V are positioned circumferentially at intervals of 1JOO, and the right The blades X located on the left side are shifted by 600 degrees in the circumferential direction from each blade l located on the left side.

In addition, the spacing or pitch between the axially adjacent blades #1 of the left and right sets is sequentially increased from the processing drum end to the center, for example, by 2 cm. , 2/ is configured such that the feed rate of the processed material gradually increases toward the center of the processing drum.

Furthermore, blade J7. Almost half of J/, e.g.
Move the winter blade X located on the right side to its blade surface J17.
As shown in FIG. 2, SL is the drum axis, i.e.
For example, when the rotating shaft is rotated in the direction shown by arrow B, the object to be processed in the processing drum is attached to one end of the processing drum. from the center or toward the other end, and on the other hand,
The remaining approximately half, e.g. each blade I located on the left
As shown in FIG. 2, the blade plate surface 21a is mounted so as to be inclined at an angle of, for example, J70 in the direction opposite to the blade X with respect to the drum axis, that is, the axis of the rotating shaft l. The processing drum is mounted so that upon rotation I of the rotating shaft l# in the direction indicated by B, the object to be processed in the processing drum l is sent from the other end of the processing drum l toward the center or one end, thereby changing the cylindrical shape of the processing drum l. The workpiece rotates in the direction of the arrow B of play y;ia, 2/ in the portion n inside the body l&, resulting in a position indicated by the broken line arrow 0. in FIG. As shown by Or, the drum is configured to be moved in a countercurrent direction in the axial direction. Furthermore, the cutting edges gb, , yb are placed on the front side of the rotational direction of the winter blades J and J/.
are formed, respectively, so that a cutting action is applied to the object to be processed when each blade x, 2/ rotates.

In addition, as shown in No. J[, the tips go and 2to of the name blades〃, 2/ are aligned with the longitudinal axis lID of each blade in the same plane as the plate surface X)tL, 2/&. axis I
II is tilted rearward in the direction of rotation at an angle I of approximately 2j0, so that when the blades x and l rotate, the workpiece scraped up by the blades from the interior n of the cylindrical copper sl& to the upper chamber lb. is the blade tip xO, 2t
It is released from o and scattered into the space n in the upper chamber lb, breaking IF in Fig. 1.

As shown in Fig. 11, a counterflow is generated in the space n.
The suction pipe B of the blower 3 of the deodorizing device// is connected to the suction pipe B, and this suction pipe B is composed of a bent (bent) wrap pipe, and if necessary, a suitable oil and solid impurity removal filter (not shown) is installed.
The discharge pipe of the blower 21 is connected to the bubbling tank l.
This bubbling element is immersed in an aqueous solution of a stabilized oxidizing agent such as stabilized chlorine dioxide in the bubbling tank 1, and the bubbling element is connected to the bubbling rope (see Figure 1) in the bubbling tank 1. The exhaust gas is introduced into the stable oxidizing agent aqueous solution as fine bubbles. A dry oxidation treatment cylinder j is connected to the mouth of the bubbling tank 1, and a particle layer of aluminum impregnated with a stable chlorine dioxide aqueous solution is provided in the treatment cylinder 1, so that the exhaust gas after the warm oxidation treatment in the bubbling tank 1 is By passing it through a stable oxidizing gas and performing dry oxidation treatment, the odor of ammonia, mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, etc. in the exhaust gas generated during treatment is oxidized and its molecular structure is destroyed (decomposed), or the odorless molecular structure is removed. Deodorize by changing to eyelids. The exhaust gas deodorized in this way is not released into the atmosphere from the processing cylinder 1. When treating waste by adding calcium oxide to the waste using the apparatus configured as described above, to-to% Perishable waste containing moisture, such as livestock manure, is processed by a screw conveyor into a J1+'' ram l, which has a processing drum internal volume of approximately 17 seconds.
Charge with IA material, operate the motor and rotate the rotating shaft/da.

Next, calcium oxide is weighed from the additive hopper t and charged into the processing drum l through the charging port 4 in an amount of 5 to 30% by weight of the material to be processed, and added to the material to be processed.

The cutting WA and stirring blade x, 1 is 70~ in the processing drum l.
The drum rotates at a rotational speed of 100 m, and the cutting edges xb and 21/b on the front side cut and finely divide the material and additives in the processing drum 1, while stirring and mixing them.

Also cut mm stirring blade J # J/ No plate surface xa, x
th are attached to the rotating shaft l- with inclinations in opposite directions, so that in the inner part of the cylindrical body 1, the material to be treated and the additive flow in opposite directions from both ends of the drum toward the center. 0. It is flowed at C'. As mentioned above, because the spacing or pitch between each successive adjacent blade x, 2/ increases from both ends of the drum toward the center, the above-mentioned counterflow is accelerated toward the center, and this acceleration Fragmentation and mixing are performed by the collision of the counterflows.

In addition, because the tips of the blades x and 2/ are inclined at an angle of inclination of approximately 8', droplets are formed in the space B in the upper chamber lb as shown by the broken arrow 1 in Fig. 1. Alternatively, a counterflow of scattered powder particles occurs, which also causes the material to be treated and the additive to be finely divided and mixed.

The subdivision and mixing of the material to be treated and the additive by the above-mentioned rotating blades x, 2/ can be completed in a short time of less than 5 minutes, thereby achieving complete blending without causing gypsum.

Putrefactive industrial waste that is the object to be processed in the processing drum l
ff Calcium oxide added in a deafening amount is 4
Calcium hydroxide is produced by reaction with water contained in an amount of 0-90%, and the treated material is pli 10- /
Due to the high alkalinity of J and the reaction heat generated during Naheko, the temperature of the object to be treated becomes /j? c to 90°C, and the object to be processed in the processing drum is affected by the reaction heat and the flow caused by the countercurrent /-/,! Air pressure acts and saturated water vapor is generated. The exhaust gas generated during the treatment is discharged into the atmosphere by the blower 3 through the deodorizing device/J as described above, thus deodorizing and sterilizing the perishable waste.

When the material to be processed includes fish heads and bones, such as marine waste, these wastes are charged into a processing drum and subjected to appropriate fragmentation using a cutting and stirring blade. After finely crushing solid objects such as heads and bones, it is preferable to add calcium oxide to the soil and add finely divided particles using a blade and a mixing action.

Through the above-mentioned treatment, the object to be treated is completely blended with additives to be deodorized and sterilized, but the object to be treated is, for example, 5
It contains 0 to 70% water, making it inconvenient to handle. Therefore, it is preferable to heat it to form a ring, dry it, and bring it into contact with carbon dioxide gas to form calcium carbonate to stabilize it. For this reason, for example, it is best to heat the dryer to a temperature of OO℃ to JOO℃ using a drum type dryer to generate a secondary reaction and accelerate the formation of calcium salts. By releasing carbon dioxide into the air, carbon dioxide gas rt@ in the atmosphere can be collected and calcium carbonate can be produced. Alternatively, very effective drying and stabilization can be achieved by directing drying exhaust air onto the workpiece discharged from the processing drum.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which a drum type dryer is combined with the processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1-D.

In the figure, 〃 indicates a dryer drum equipped with a suitable conveyor device such as a screw conveyor inside, ゛ its artificial end 30a and the outlet 9 of the processing drum 1 are connected by a feed pipe J/kl, An appropriate conveyor is provided in this feed pipe 3/, and the heat object taken out from the processing drum 11F is sent into the dryer drum 〃'b is transported by a conveyor, and from exit J2 to 1
J3 is a dryer combustion chamber that heats the dryer drum X from the outside with thermal power using a suitable heavy oil burner. The discharge port of the air 35 is connected to the inlet end of the feed pipe 31 so that exhaust gas from the dryer combustion chamber n is sucked into the feed pipe 31. Dry by configuring like this,
The high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the burner combustion chamber 33 is used to preheat the material to be processed in the feed pipe U, which not only aids in conveyance, but also
Carbon dioxide gas in the exhaust gas can cause calcium carbonate to be produced within the dryer drum.

According to the present invention, when adding and mixing stratified calcium to waste, an inclined cutting/stirring blade is rotated at low speed in a processing drum, thereby achieving a cutting action, a collision action of opposing flows, and a reduction in space. By applying a counter-scattering action to the object to be treated using a blade, 1. cutting waste,
By crushing, loosening, finely dividing, and granulating waste particles, a complete blend with calcium oxide adhered to each waste particle can be completed in a short time, within 3 minutes after addition, eliminating gypsum formation. It is possible to completely treat the treated material without burning it.Example 00kl of pig manure with a moisture content of tS% is charged into the processing drum of an apparatus having a drum internal capacity of 2000 kg and having the structure shown in Fig. 1. Operate the motor and cut and stir the blade at 71 r.
Calcium oxide was added while rotating at pH, followed by side differentiation and stirring for j minutes. The temperature of the object to be processed in the processing drum is l! At ~90'''C, the saturated water vapor pressure reached 1.1 -, and the pH value of the treated material showed an alkaline value of lλ.The water content of the treated material at the time it was taken out from the outlet was approximately 70%, and a completely dried granular product was obtained by subsequent heat drying treatment.This dried granular product is odorless, sterile, and has no water absorption, and can be placed in soil without undergoing secondary fermentation. Calcium can be used as an organic fertilizer because it improves acidic soil, promotes the growth of effective microorganisms, and enhances the effectiveness of chemical fertilizers.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view showing a part of the processing apparatus according to the present invention in cross section, Fig. J is an explanatory diagram showing the positional relationship between the cutting/stirring blade and the rotating shaft, and Fig. 3 is the tip of the cutting/stirring blade. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along W-Wm in Figure 1 in the direction of the arrow, Figure S shows a drum dryer attached to the processing equipment shown in Figure 1. FIG.

Claims (1)

[Claims] L Waste containing 40% or more water and weight for this waste! ~j17 Calcium oxide and the like are charged into the processing drum in an amount of about 1/3 to 1/4 of the internal volume of the processing drum, and a plurality of cutting glazing stirring blades are installed in the processing drum in a horizontal position. The blade surface is tilted with respect to the rotation axis, and the mixture of waste and calcium oxide is cut vertically by the cutting and agitating blade, and the counterflow is directed toward the center of the drum in the direction of the rotation axis.
Flow and scatter in the coral drum and mix while crushing it finely! □ A method for adding calcium oxide to waste, which is characterized by complete blending in a short mixing time of less than 1 minute. A processing drum has a loading inlet and an unloading outlet at the upper and lower parts, a roughly U-shaped cross-section with an expanded upper part, and a longitudinal drum axis extending horizontally, and a rotatable drum inside the drum. comprising a rotating shaft and a plurality of elongated plate-shaped cutting and stirring blades whose base ends are fixed to the rotating shaft at positions spaced apart from each other in the cylindrical and axial directions of the rotating shaft and extend in the radial direction, Approximately half of these blades have blade surfaces set in a predetermined direction with respect to the drum axis direction so that when the rotation shaft rotates in a predetermined rotation direction, the eyelids to be treated in the drum are sent from one end of the drum toward the center of the drum. When the rotation shaft is rotated in the predetermined rotation direction, approximately half of the blades are installed to be inclined in one direction at an angle, and when the rotation shaft is rotated in the predetermined rotation direction, the blades are attached to the drum to be processed from the other end toward the center of the drum. The blade plate surface is installed so as to be inclined in the opposite direction to the draft axis direction, and the tip portion of each blade is installed at an angle of about 2 s' to the longitudinal axis of the blade in the opposite direction to the rotation direction. A device for adding and mixing calcium oxide to waste, characterized in that the tip of the blade is provided so as to be able to come into sliding contact with the cylindrical inner wall portion of the processing drum.