JPS5823485B2 - Nainenkikanniokeru Jiyunkatsuoyobi Giyakutensouchi - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a lubrication and forward/reverse switching device for a small internal combustion engine, particularly a small marine internal combustion engine.

Conventionally, small internal combustion engines have been lubricated by forcibly lubricating the lubricating oil in the oil pan located below the crankcase using a lubricating oil pump, and in addition, when the rotational force from the engine is switched between forward and reverse directions. This is generally achieved by sending dedicated hydraulic oil to the forward/reverse rotation device using a separate hydraulic oil pump.

However, when these methods are used, there are drawbacks such as the need to separately prepare tanks for storing lubricating oil and hydraulic oil, piping for them, and separate transfer pumps for the hydraulic oil and lubricating oil.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to eliminate such drawbacks and to efficiently and easily perform lubrication and forward/reverse rotation.

That is, the present invention includes a forward and reverse rotation device that is integrated with a support portion that supports a crankshaft of a small internal combustion engine and a transmission case, and that operates in conjunction with the crankshaft, and a clutch device that connects and disconnects the crankshaft and the forward and reverse rotation device. a forward/reverse switching device; and a pressurized oil feeding device having one oil pump that pressurizes and feeds oil in an oil tank provided at the bottom of the crankshaft; It has a friction body that drives the device, and a sliding body that is interlocked with the crankshaft and slides in a direction in which it comes into pressure contact with the friction body, and the discharge section of the pumping device is connected to a lubricating section of a small internal combustion engine and the clutch. A pressure regulating valve is provided on the discharge side of the pressure feeding device to reduce the pressure difference between the lubricating oil and the hydraulic oil, and the pressure-receiving area of the sliding body is sufficiently large, and the pressure-regulating valve is connected to the sliding body operating part of the device through a conduit. This is characterized in that the pressure difference between the lubricating oil and the hydraulic oil is reduced.

In the present invention, "reducing the pressure difference between lubricating oil and hydraulic oil" means that when a small internal combustion engine and a forward/reverse switching device are operated by pressurized oil sent by one oil pump, the small internal combustion engine and the forward/reverse switching device are This means reducing the pressure difference between the lubricating oil of the internal combustion engine and the hydraulic oil for forward/reverse switching.Reducing the pressure difference between the lubricating oil and the hydraulic oil in this way reduces the power loss of the oil pump. is necessary.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

First, to explain the pressurized oil pumping device, an oil tank 1 installed at the bottom of the crankcase stores oil 2, which serves as both lubricating oil and hydraulic oil for forward/reverse switching operation, and a filter 3 is installed in the oil tank 1. prepare.

An oil suction pipe 4 is connected from the off-shore filter 3 to an oil pump 5, and the oil 2 is sent under pressure to an oil feeding vibro, and the oil feeding vibro is branched into two directions in the middle. The oil sent to one oil pipe 10 is sent to the engine as lubricating oil via the pressure regulating valve 11, and the oil sent to the other oil pipe is similarly passed through the pressure regulating valve 12. The rotational power is sent to the clutch device of the forward/reverse switching device 13, and the forward/reverse rotation of the rotational power is performed by operating the switching lever 50, and as a result, the forward/reverse rotational power is guided to the output shaft 15.

FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing the forward/reverse switching device 13 of the present invention. The power of the oil pump 5 is obtained by rotation of a gear 11 fixed to the crankshaft 16 and a gear 18 meshing with the gear 11.

On the other hand, the support part 1 for the crankshaft 16 of the forward/reverse switching device 13
9 is integral with the crankshaft 16 and is integral with the transmission case 20.

A partition plate 21 is installed inside the central part of the transmission case 20, and oil infiltration spaces 22 and 22' are provided on both sides of the partition plate 21, so that the sliding body 23 (a part of the clutch device) is integrated with the transmission case 20. It is rotatably mounted and movable in the axial direction separately from the transmission case 20.

That is, the transmission case 20 and the sliding body 23 are in a spline fitting relationship.

Reference numeral 24 denotes a spring, which acts to provide a spring to the sliding body 23.

Further, a hollow pipe 25 is located on an extension of the crankshaft 16, and a space 21 is provided between the hollow pipe 25 and the hollow shaft 26 on its outer peripheral surface, and a gear 29 is rotatably mounted on the hollow shaft 26 via a bearing 2B. is located, and a friction body 30 (part of the clutch device) is mounted integrally therewith, and a friction body 30' (part of the clutch device) is also mounted on the other end of the hollow shaft 26. It is fixedly attached to a flange 31 provided in the.

Further, the oil sent via the oil sending pipe 9 and the pressure regulating valve 12 is conducted into the pipe 31.

Two through holes 32 and 33 are bored in the pipe 31, and the pipe 31 is attached to rotate based on the rotation of the lever 50.

Furthermore, communication holes 34,
35 penetrates into the machine frame 36, and the communication hole 34 is connected to the small hole 3.
1, the communication hole 35 communicates with the small hole 38, and the small hole 3
8 communicates with the space 21, the hole 39, and the oil inlet space 22, while the small hole 31 communicates with the inside of the hollow pipe 25, the cavity 39, the small hole 40, and further the inlet space 22'. ing.

On the other hand, the gear 29 meshes with the large gear 41 via an idle gear (not shown) that meshes with the gear, and power is transmitted to the output output shaft 15.

Further, a gear 42 fixed on the hollow shaft 26 meshes with the large gear 41 and outputs its power to the output output shaft 15, thereby forming a forward/reverse rotation device.

That is, the direction of rotation changes between when the rotational power passes through the gear 29 and when it passes through the gear 42, and is switched to so-called forward and reverse rotation.

The configuration of the present invention has been described above, and its effects are as follows.

The oil 2 in the oil tank 1 passes through a filter 3 and passes through an oil suction pipe 4.
The oil passes through the oil pump 5, passes through the oil feed vibro, and is divided into oil feed pipes 9 and 10.

The pressure of the oil sent to the oil pipe 10 is regulated by a pressure regulating valve 11, and then used for lubricating the engine.

On the other hand, the oil sent to the oil pipe 9 reaches the clutch device of the forward/reverse switching device 13 via the pressure regulating valve 12 .

The oil introduced into the forward/reverse switching device 13 enters the pipe 31.

When the forward rotational power of the internal combustion engine is to be taken out to the output shaft 15, the lever 50 is rotated so that the through hole 32 and the communication hole 34 communicate with each other.

The oil passes through the hollow pipe 25 through the through hole 32, the communication hole 34, and the small hole 31, passes through the small hole 40, and then enters the gap 2.
2'.

As a result, the sliding body 23 moves to the right in the drawing due to the hydraulic pressure, and as a result, the sliding body 23 and the friction body 30' are pressed together, and the bearing part 19 rotates together with the crankshaft 16.
Rotation of the transmission case 20 is transmitted to the hollow shaft 26 via the sliding body 23 and the friction body 30'.

The rotational power is thus transmitted from the gear 42 fixed to the hollow shaft 26 to the large gear 41 and taken out to the output shaft 15.

This is the transmission of forward rotational power. Next, when the lever 50 is rotated to make the through hole 33 communicate with the communication hole 35, the oil passes through the through hole 33, the communication hole 35, and the /to hole 38, and the oil flows between the hollow pipe 25 and the hollow shaft 26. It reaches the small hole 39 via the gap, enters the gap 22, and slides the sliding body 23 to the left in the figure, so that the sliding body 23 and the friction body 30 rotate as one.

Thus, the support portion 19 rotates integrally with the crankshaft 16,
Rotation of the transmission case 20 is transmitted to the gear 29 via the sliding body 23 and the friction body 30.

The gear 29 then communicates with the large gear 41 via an idle gear (not shown), and the reverse rotation power is taken out to the output shaft 15.

According to the present invention, the lubrication of the small internal combustion engine and the operation of the clutch device of the forward/reverse switching device are performed using common pressure oil, and the lubrication of the engine and the switching of the forward/reverse switching device between forward and reverse directions can be performed.

In addition, the clutch device is composed of a friction body and a sliding body that is in pressure contact with the friction body, and the pressure receiving area of the sliding body is made sufficiently large, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil to obtain the transmission torque necessary for the operation of the forward/reverse device is reduced. It can be lowered.

As a result, the difference between the lubricating oil pressure and the hydraulic oil pressure can be reduced, so that the lubricating oil and the hydraulic oil can be pumped by one oil pump, and the power loss of the oil pump can be reduced.

Further, the pressurized oil pumped by the oil pump can be maintained at an appropriate pressure by the pressure regulating valve, so that smooth lubrication and smooth operation of the latch device can be achieved.

Further, by lowering the operating pressure, the discharge pressure of the oil pump can also be lowered, and since only one oil pump is required, the power loss of the small internal combustion engine due to driving the pump can be reduced.

In addition, by providing a forward/reverse switching device on the side of a small internal combustion engine, one oil pump and one oil tank installed in the engine can be used.
It is sufficient to simply connect the piping to the clutch device, so that the forward/reverse switching device can be made more compact.

Moreover, the forward/reverse switching device of the forward/reverse switching device of the present invention is configured to be integrated with the transmission case and the support portion that supports the crankshaft of the small-sized internal combustion engine, so that the forward/reverse switching device operates in conjunction with the crankshaft. No special support member is required for installation, so the number of parts is small and the device is compact.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the lubricating oil of the small internal combustion engine and the hydraulic oil for forward/reverse switching are made common, and the hydraulic oil for forward/reverse switching is made to have a large pressure receiving area of the sliding body of the clutch device. Furthermore, by finely adjusting the pressure to an appropriate level using a pressure regulating valve, the pressure difference between 1 hydraulic oil and lubricating oil is reduced, and 1
The small internal combustion engine and the forward/reverse switching device can be operated smoothly by the pressurized oil sent by the oil pumps.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a pressure oil transfer path in the device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view of the forward/reverse rotation device of the present invention. 1...Oil tank, 2...Oil, 5.
... Oil pump, 11, 12 ... Pressure regulating valve, 13 ... Forward/reverse switching device, 16 ...
...Crankshaft, 23...Sliding body (part of the clutch device), 30.30'...Friction body (part of the clutch device).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A forward/reverse switching device that is integrated with a support part that supports a crankshaft of a small internal combustion engine and a transmission case, and is equipped with a forward/reverse device that interlocks with the crankshaft, and a clutch device that connects/disconnects the crankshaft and the forward/reverse device. and a pressurized oil pumping device having one oil pump that pressurizes and feeds oil in an oil tank provided at the lower part of the crankshaft, and the clutch device is a friction pump that drives the forward/reverse device. and a sliding body that is interlocked with the crankshaft and slides in a direction in which it comes into pressure contact with the friction body, and the discharge part of the pressure feeding device is connected to the lubricating part of the small internal combustion engine and the sliding body actuation of the clutch device. A pressure regulating valve is provided on the discharge side of the pressure feeding device to reduce the pressure difference between the lubricating oil and the hydraulic oil, and the pressure-receiving area of the sliding body is sufficiently large to allow the lubricating oil and the hydraulic oil to communicate with each other through a pipe line. Lubricating and forward/reverse switching device for a small internal combustion engine, characterized by reducing the pressure difference between