JPS58208399A - Increase of transparency of soap-containing detergent material - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to transparent bar soap (Eloap bar).
processing of soap feedstock to obtain
ing).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The presence of certain soap scum in a bar of soap gives it transparency. The literature on packaging soap technology is
A method of imparting clarity to bar soaps by appropriate selection of processing conditions and/or ingredients is described. for example,
Although there are methods in the literature to quantitatively measure transparency using methods such as print dimensions, voltage and graduated lines by the naked eye, the term transparency for describing bar soap grades is not commonly used. There are criteria for accepting targets. The present invention uses processing conditions that achieve clarity by imparting a large amount of work to the soap feedstock in an efficient manner within a specified temperature range, where the temperature range is relative to the composition. Sensitive.

An example of a processing method to obtain transparency may be found in US Pat. No. 2,970,116 (Kelley).

General Description The formulations available for forming clear bar soaps are well characterized in the literature. These generally contain ingredients such as processed soaps, glycerin, sorbitol, and soaps derived from castor oil that aid in processing or provide desired properties.

The invention uses a cavity transfer mixer to process the soap base.
r m1xer') class equipment is used. The device consists of two closely spaced, mutually displaceable surfaces, each surface having a pattern of cavities that overlap the movement of the surfaces so that substances moving between the surfaces are Alternately following the path of the cavities in the surface, the bulk of the material can be traced to a shear zone (5t) in the material created by the displacement of the surface.
18ar Zone).

The processing temperature is preferably about 0°C to about 55°C, more preferably about 406°C to about 50°C.

Cavity transfer mixers are usually made in a cylindrical geometry, and in the preferred apparatus of the method the cavity is constantly available, but during the mutual movement of both surfaces its It is arranged so that the path through the device can be changed. A device with a cylindrical arrangement consists of a stator containing a rotor mounted with journals inside the blade, the stator and rotor facing each other having cavities so that when it moves, the material is Pass the device through that cavity.

This device also has a planar geometry.
(metry), opposing surfaces with cavity patterns may be moved relative to each other, for example by rotation in one plane, so that material moves outwardly between the surfaces at the point of rotation and alternately between the cavities on each surface. carried to.

In other types of cylindrical arrangements, the inner cylinder is fixed and the outer cylinder rotates. The central stator is relatively easily cooled and, if desired, heated, as the fluid communication takes place in a simple manner, and the outer rotor can also be easily cooled or heated. This type is mechanically simpler to apply rotational energy to the external rotor than the internal cylinder type. Therefore,
This configuration is advantageous for assembly and use.

The substance is forced into the mixer with the rotation of the rotor using auxiliary equipment. Examples of auxiliary equipment are screw extruders and piston rams (Pisto
n ram θ). Preferably, this auxiliary device is operated separately from the mixer so that the throughput and the cropping carried out in this device can be varied independently.

This isolated operation can be achieved by arranging the auxiliary equipment so that it can feed the material to be treated at an angle to the centerline of the shearing equipment.

This arrangement allows all of the energy to be supplied to the shear generating device to be distributed around its centerline. If the outer part of the device is a rotor, an in-line arrangement is relatively easily possible. Separate operation of its equipment and auxiliary equipment facilitates total processing.

In general, a variety of cavity shapes can be used, for example Metal Box (UK Patent No. 930339) discloses one with vertical slots on both surfaces. That stator? The rotors and rotors have, for example, 6 to 12 slots arranged around their circumference and extending over their entire length. Preferably, one or both surfaces can be thermally controlled.

This method allows efficient heating/cooling of the material to be treated.

The soap feedstock may contain an amount of non-soap detergent that does not interfere with the desired effect. Examples of these actives are alkane sulfonates, alcohol sulfates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, anthionates, onfin sulfonates and ethoxylated alcohols.

This treated feedstock can be fabricated into solid shapes using standard punching equipment. Other product shapes such as extruded granules (noodles) beads (beaas) can also be produced from this feedstock.

The aspect of this device will be explained next.

A cavity transfer mixer is shown in longitudinal section in Figure 1. This device consists of a hollow cylindrical stator member 1
, consisting of an unlinder rotor member 2 journaled with a sliding fit for rotation inside the stator, the opposing cylindrical surfaces of the rotor and stator having: +a) in adjacent rows on the stator; The cavity is offset to the surroundings (off-θet)l, at °C
(1) The cavities in adjacent rows on the rotor are circumferentially offset; (c) The rows of cavities on the stator and rotor are axially offset. each having a plurality of parallel, circumferentially extending rows of cavities. FIG. 6 shows the no-turns of the cavities of the stator 3 and rotor 4. Cavity 3 on the stator is a hatch
hing). The cavity can be adjusted by 3 degrees. The rotor has a temperature control conduit 2.
A is installation.

Material passing through the device travels through the cavity on opposite sides of the stator and rotor alternately. The cavity immediately following the one shown in cross section is shown in dot and line profile in FIG. 1 so that the repeat mold can be seen.

The flow of material is divided between adjacent pairs of cavities on the same rotor or stator due to the overlapping position of the cavities on opposing stator or rotor faces.

All or most of the material flow is caused by shear zones (5he) generated by the mutual displacement of its stator and rotor.
A large amount of work is done while passing through the ar zone). The material is transported briefly through each cavity during its passage, resulting in changes in its velocity components.

This mixer has a rotor radius of 2.54 cm, and 6
Six cavities are arranged in the row, with 66 hemispherical cavities (radius 0.9 cIn). The internal surface of the stator is provided with seven rows of six cavities with overlapping cavities at the inlet and outlet. The material to be treated is injected into this device through a channel 5, which channels are communicated by the circular spaces of the rotor and stator during operation of the screw Xtremreder. This material exits the device through nozzle 6.

FIG. 4 shows elongated cavities arranged in a square pattern, these cavities having the cross-sectional profile of FIG. The cavities are arranged with their longitudinal axes parallel to the longitudinal axis of the device and the direction of material movement throughout the device, with the direction of material movement indicated by the arrows.

Figure 1.2 shows a pattern of cavities with the same dimensions and profile as shown in Figures 1.2 and 6. Fifth
The cavities shown are arranged in a square pattern with each cavity arranged in sliding contact with an adjacent flow cavity on the same narrow surface. This pattern does not exhibit the same degree of overlap as the pattern shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, each cavity shows six cavities closely spaced on the same surface, ie, a hexagonal pattern.

Figure 6 shows a cavity transfer with a rotor 7 placed in a rotatable position inside a hollow stator 8 with an effective length of 10.7 m and a diameter of 2.54 cm.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the mixer. The rotor has five parallel grooves spaced equidistantly around the circumference, extending along the length of the rotor and parallel to its longitudinal axis, and having a semicircular cross-section (diameter 5 mm). There are 9. The inner cylindrical surface of this stator 8 has a
There are eight grooves 10 of similar dimensions parallel to its longitudinal axis. In this embodiment, a cavity extending the length of the stator and rotor could be utilized without hindrance, while the temperature regulating jacket and conduits were present.

FIG. 7 shows a pattern of cavities in which the rotor and stator, indicated by hatched lines, have relatively large dimensions perpendicular to the flow of material, indicated by arrows. This embodiment results in a lower pressure drop over its length compared to a device of similar construction but without a cavity located perpendicular or perpendicular to the flow of material over a relatively long dimension. In order to minimize the pressure drop, at least one of the surfaces has a relatively long dimension perpendicular to the flow of material.

The cavity transfer mixer of FIG. 8 has an outer cylinder 11 journaled for rotation about a central axis 12. The cavity transfer mixer of FIG. Although the temperature regulating jacket 13 and conduits were present, the cavity on the central axis is shown in plan view and the rotor is not shown in cross-section. This central stator (52 diameter) has 6 rows 14 with 6 cavities with 7 inlets and 8 partial or half cavities at the exit points.

On the rotor there are four rows 15 with three cavities. The cavities on the stator and rotor have a total arcuate dimension of 5.1 crn with hemispherical cross-section ends of 1.2 cm hand diameter connected by panels of semicircular cross-section of 1.2 cIn radius, and It is an elongated shape perpendicular to the flow. This moyabity follows the pattern shown in Figure 7, i.e., the long dimension is placed perpendicular to the material flow.
ing. This rotor is driven by a chain drive on the outer detail 16.

Examples Examples of the method of the present invention Example 2 The cavity transfer mixer illustrated in FIG. 1 was used.

The mixer had a rotor of radius 2.54 CTn with 66 hemispherical cavities (radius 0.9 cm) arranged in 6 rows of 6 cavities. The inner surface of the sonostator had 7 rows of 6 cavities, with overlapping p of cavities at the inlet and outlet. The material to be treated was injected into the device through channel 5, which communicates with the circular gap between the rotor and stator while being driven by the screw extruder. This material was discharged from the apparatus through nozzle 6.

Nigel (ni) is boiled with fat, oil and rosin.
grθ) to obtain the desired prene 1 (74 mint fat/26 coconut oil). This formulation was saponified using NaoH7/KOH. and its niger and a small amount of < (l
The conditions were adapted to result in a neat soap separated on top of ye). The clean soap layer was removed and additional glycerin was added along with additional electrolyte. This soap was vacuum dried and had the following composition: Sodium soap 61 Thipotassium soap 11 Typrene 4% Glycerin 6% Electrolyte 0.8% Water 17% As manufactured, this formulation is an opaque soap. It became a chip.

Add these opaque soap chips to the Soap Pro Ladder (plod).
der) into a cavity transfer mixer at 46°C at a rate of 516y/min;
The mixer was then discharged at 49°C. The mixer was operated at 120 rpm. The extruded billet had a commercially acceptable clarity equivalent to a soap obtained by processing in a Sigma Blade mixer at a temperature range of 40-48° C. for 60 minutes with energy.

Transparency was determined by the method described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,274,119 (
The transparency of this feedstock was 2.5% and the product was 67%, measured on a 5 mm thick sample). Similar results were obtained using a cavity radius of 1.2 cm.

Example■ In this example, a rotor/
A cavity transfer mixer with vertical grooves on opposing surfaces of the stator combination was used to impart some degree of transparency to the soap base. The rotor is rotatably located inside the hollow stator and has an effective length of 10.7 cIn and a diameter of 2.54 cI.
It was IT. The rotor has five grooves spaced equidistantly around the periphery and shouldering a semi-circular cross section (diameter 5) extending parallel to the longitudinal axis along the length of the rotor. The inner cylindrical surface of the stator has eight similarly sized grooves extending over its length and parallel to its longitudinal axis.

In this embodiment, shown in FIG. 6, cavities extending along the length of the stator and rotor can be utilized without obstruction.

The soap base used in Example I was fed into the apparatus from a soap zoro ladder at a rate of 289/min. This base material moves alternately between the grooves in the rotor and stator =- and is passed through the device thereby causing slight sliding phytos (sli) between the opposing surfaces.
passing through a shear layer of the material in a narrow gap with dingfit).

The temperature in the extrusion was about 45° C. and the rotor was driven at 1100 rpm by a suitable ear device from Zollo Ladder.

'Transparency was measured using the method of Example ■, the transparency of the feedstock base was 2.5% and that of the product was 11.5%.
%Met. Although this transparency is not sufficient for a commercial product, this example shows that a certain degree of transparency can be obtained using the described equipment and with a suitable feedstock.Example ■Example The formulation described in item (1) was passed through an apparatus having the same general characteristics as that of construction shown in FIG. The cavities have a hemispherical cross-section with a radius of 1.26 In and have eight rows of six cavities arranged circumferentially in the outer stator. The centrally located rotor (diameter 52 mm) has 7 rows of 6 cavities with partial (ie half) cavities at the inlet and outlet.

The rotor rotates at 125 rpm, water cooling is applied to the rotor and part of the stator, and the material extruded from this device has a transmission
n) was 69 fb.

Example ■ Example ■ was repeated using a cavity with a radius of 0.7 cIn. This stator had 12 rows with 10 cavities arranged circumferentially. This rotor is
10 arranged in a circle with half cavities at both ends
It had 11 rows with 3 cavities. The stator and rotor were water cooled. This rotor is 75rp
m, and a throughput of 170 g/min was delivered by the soap Zoro ladder. The inlet and outlet temperatures are each 6
2°C and 46°C, and the transmittance of the final product was 69%.

Example V Example (I) was repeated using the array of cavities described in FIG. 5, ie, a cubic arrangement. The cavities had a hemispherical cross section with a radius of 1.2 CFIg and were arranged in six rows with six cavities arranged around the circumference of the outer stator. The rotor located in the center (diameter 52
Five rows of six cavities were arranged with partial (ie half) cavities at the entry and exit points.

This rotor has 150 rl) m and 450 J/
Minutes were supplied by Soap Zoro Ladder. Water cooling was used for the stealer and a portion of the rotor.

The temperature of the soap was 25°C at the inlet and 48°C at the outlet.

The material extruded from this device had a transmittance of 69%.

Example ■ Example ■ was repeated using the cavity arrangement shown in FIG. The cavity was elongated with an after-arc dimension of 5.1a perpendicular to the material flow, formed by hemispherical cross-section ends of the same radius joined by panels of semicircular cross-section of 1.2 Crn. The cavities were arranged in six rows with six cavities arranged circumferentially on the outer Oi11 stator. The rotor at its center (diameter 52 mm
) A five-row arrangement of five cavities with partial (ie half) cavities at the entry and exit points.

This rotor rotates at 176 rpm and produces 460 J/
Minute throughput was supplied by Soap Pro Ladder. With water cooling for the rotor and stator parts, the temperature of the soap is 25°C at the population and 47° at the outlet.
It was G.

The permeability of the material extruded from this equipment was 67 inches.

Example ■ This example is a repeat of Example ■ using the cavity arrangement of FIG. This cavity has a radius of 1.2 m, which is connected by a channel of semicircular cross section with a radius of 1.2 m.
cm forming a hemispherical cross-sectional end, with a total dimension parallel to the material flow of 8
．． It was an extended version of 4m. This cavity is outside 1111
The arrangement was six rows with six cavities arranged circumferentially on one stator. The central rotor (diameter 52 mm) was fitted with a two-row arrangement of six cavities with three and half cavities at the inlet and outlet points.

The rotor was at 176 rpm and a throughput of 4251/min was provided by the soap pro ladder.

Water cooling was used for the rotor and part of the stator. The temperature of the soap is 26°C at population and 4°C at the exit.
The temperature was 9°C.

The material extruded from this device had a transmittance of 64 cm.
The cavity transfer mixer shown in the figure was used to produce soap with increased clarity.

The cavities were located in the pattern of FIG. 7 and were elongated circumferentially of relatively large dimensions. The cavity was a cavity with an arcuate dimension of 5.1 cm, or a width of 2.4 cm, with a hemispherical cross-sectional end of 1.2 crn radius. The outer cylinder had four rows of 20 holes, and the central fixed shaft had six rows of cavities with half a cavity at each end.

The formulation of Example 1 was passed through the apparatus by means of a soap pro ladder. The outer rotor is 148 rpm, and 2
40. ? /min throughput.

Its inlet and outlet temperatures are 60°C1. and 46° C., and cooling water was used on both surfaces.

The transmittance of the extrudate was 61%.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cavity transfer mixer having a cylindrical configuration. 2M is a cross-sectional view taken along line 1--2 in FIG. FIG. 6 shows the pattern of cavities in FIG. Figures 4.5 and 7 show other patterns for the cavity. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a mixer with swirls on opposing surfaces of the device. darkness? ro/J, system T'i' l shi9'-η entered r-kuτ
=i,ishima...3■Igokoi bu]nuhu? -J4-
■% 16779 yuan 7. Agent Akira Asamura 4 peopleFig, 8 Procedural amendment (method) ■, Indication of 10 cases Showa I11 1958;'1 Application No. 53431
No. 3, supplementary 11 person, relationship with 1fli 11, 11i to 1
1i 4, agent t゛1 5゜supplement i1:Q 8ノ'r'l (J

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A shear-sensitive soap-containing material is prepared by passing it between two closely spaced, mutually displaceable surfaces, each having a pattern of cavities that overlap during movement of the surfaces. shear-sensitive soap by moving the soap along alternating paths leading to cavities in each surface, thereby passing a large portion of the material through the shear zone in the material created by the displacement of the surface. A method for increasing the transparency of soap-containing detergent substances, characterized by subjecting the contained substances to a treatment. (2) said first surface whose two surfaces have a cylindrical arrangement;
The method described in section. (3) The method according to any one of items 1 to 2 above, wherein thermal control is applied to at least one surface. (4) a cavity in at least one surface,
7. A method according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the method is elongated with their long dimension perpendicular to the material flow. (5) The temperature of the soap-containing formulation during processing is about 60°C.
5. The method of any one of paragraphs 1-4 above, wherein the temperature is within the range of 50°C to about 50°C.