JPS58206989A - Sound wave transmitter and receiver - Google Patents
Sound wave transmitter and receiverInfo
- Publication number
- JPS58206989A JPS58206989A JP9089882A JP9089882A JPS58206989A JP S58206989 A JPS58206989 A JP S58206989A JP 9089882 A JP9089882 A JP 9089882A JP 9089882 A JP9089882 A JP 9089882A JP S58206989 A JPS58206989 A JP S58206989A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transducer
- pulse
- receiving circuit
- coupling
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/523—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/524—Transmitters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Control Of Amplification And Gain Control (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の属する技術分野〕
本発明は、ソーナ、超音波診断装置等における音波送受
信機に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a sonic wave transmitter/receiver in a sonar, an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, or the like.
この種の装置は、パルス発生回路で発生させたパルス電
気信号を°トランスデユーサに印加して音波に変換し、
これを物標に向けて照射し、その物標からの反射波をそ
のトランスデユーサで受けて電気信号に素裸し、これを
受信回路で増幅検波するものである。This type of device converts a pulsed electrical signal generated by a pulse generation circuit into a sound wave by applying it to a transducer.
This beam is irradiated toward a target object, and the reflected wave from the target object is received by the transducer and converted into an electrical signal, which is then amplified and detected by the receiving circuit.
上述の装置において、トランスデユーサにノクルス電気
侶号を印加するに際しては、その/<パルス電気信号が
受信回路側へ分流することを防止する必要がおる。従来
はこの目的のために、゛、/Rスイッスイリミッタある
いは時間コントロールされた専用のシャントスイッチな
どを用いているが、これらのものは部品点数を増加させ
、また回路を複雑にする原因となる。In the above-mentioned apparatus, when applying a Noculus electric signal to the transducer, it is necessary to prevent the /< pulse electric signal from being shunted to the receiving circuit side. Conventionally, a /R switch limiter or a dedicated time-controlled shunt switch has been used for this purpose, but these devices increase the number of components and complicate the circuit. .
また、これらの装置では、受信した反射波の大きさを時
間の経過とともに変えていく、いわゆるTGC(タイム
・ゲイン・コントロール)の機能が必要となる。Furthermore, these devices require a so-called TGC (time gain control) function that changes the magnitude of the received reflected wave over time.
本発明は、パルス発生回路で発生するパルス電気信号が
受信回路側に分流することを防止する機能とともに、T
GC機能をも兼備した簡毘で安価な構成からなる音波送
受信磯を提供することを目的とする。The present invention provides a T
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sonic wave transmitting/receiving rock having a simple and inexpensive configuration and also having a GC function.
本発明は、トランスデユーサと受信回路との結合を、従
来の不変コンポーネント、たとえばコイル、コンデンサ
、抵抗等を用いたものから、非直線(パラメトリック)
インビーダンメ素子、具体的には可変容量ダイオードを
用いたものにすることにより、送波パルスのエネルギー
が受信回路側へ分流することを抑圧するとともに、反射
波受信中には十分に密な信号通路の結合を確保できるよ
うにしたものであり、トランスデユーサと受信回路との
間に、パルス発生回路で発生されるパルス電気信号によ
り逆バイアスされる極性で接続された可変容量ダイオー
ドを備えたことを特徴とする。The present invention transforms the coupling between the transducer and the receiver circuitry from traditional fixed components such as coils, capacitors, resistors, etc. to non-linear (parametric) coupling.
By using an IMBD Damme element, specifically a variable capacitance diode, it is possible to suppress the energy of the transmitted pulse from being shunted to the receiving circuit side, and to ensure that the signal path is sufficiently dense during the reception of reflected waves. A variable capacitance diode is connected between the transducer and the receiving circuit with a polarity that is reverse biased by the pulsed electrical signal generated by the pulse generating circuit. Features.
〔実施例による説明〕 以下、本発明を図面に基づいて説明する。[Explanation based on examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.
v!、1図は本発明の第1実施例装置の回路構成図であ
る。v! , 1 is a circuit diagram of a device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
同図において、パルス発生回路1はパルサ2、トランジ
スタ3を含み構成され、正のパルス電気信号を発生する
。In the figure, a pulse generation circuit 1 includes a pulser 2 and a transistor 3, and generates a positive pulse electric signal.
このパルス発生回路1の出力パルス電気信号は、圧電ト
ランスデユーサ4に導かれ、ここで音波に変換されて物
標に向けて照射される。物標からの反射波は、トランス
デユーサ4で雷@信号に変換された後に可変容量ダイオ
ード5を介して受信回路6に導かれ、ここで増幅検°波
される。The output pulse electric signal of the pulse generation circuit 1 is guided to the piezoelectric transducer 4, where it is converted into a sound wave and irradiated toward the target object. The reflected wave from the target object is converted into a lightning signal by a transducer 4, and then guided to a receiving circuit 6 via a variable capacitance diode 5, where it is amplified and detected.
可凍容量ダイオード5は、たとえけ18 V 100な
どであり、その極性はパルス発生回路1が発生する・、
正パルス電気信号により迎バイアスされる方向に接続し
である。The freezeable capacitance diode 5 is, for example, 18 V 100, and its polarity is determined by the pulse generation circuit 1.
It is connected in the direction in which it is biased by a positive pulse electric signal.
次に、本実施例装置の動作を説明する。Next, the operation of the apparatus of this embodiment will be explained.
まず、パルス発生回路1が正パルス電気信号を発生し、
これを圧電トランスデユーサ4に印加する。この印加電
、圧波形は、第1図のHa(イ)K示すような正のパル
ス波形部分aとその続流の高圧波形部分すとからなる。First, the pulse generation circuit 1 generates a positive pulse electric signal,
This is applied to the piezoelectric transducer 4. The applied voltage and pressure waveforms consist of a positive pulse waveform portion a and a high voltage waveform portion following the positive pulse waveform portion a as shown by Ha(a)K in FIG.
ここで、トランジスタ3が瞬時のみオンとなされ、その
とき数十Vの振幅のパルスがトランスデユーサ4に印加
された場合、上記部分aおよびbにおいては、可変容量
ダイオード5の容量は、たとえばI S V 100の
場合には数PFないし十数PF程度に減少しており、ト
ランスデユーサ4と受信回路6との結合は疎となる。し
たがって、パルス発生回路1からのパルス波形のエネル
ギーが受信回路6 (Illへ分流することは十分に抑
圧される。このようにパルス発生回路1がトランスデユ
ーサ4をプルアップしている間は、可変容量ダイオード
のパラメトリック性により、それに流れ込む電荷量、ひ
いてはそれへの充電電流が高々限られた仙あるいは累積
値に限定される。従来装置では、可変容量タイオードの
代りに単にコンデンサを用いていたために、そのコンテ
ンサ容量がトランスデユーサ4に並列に入る形になって
、パルス発生回路1にi8加的4A荷となっていたが、
本発明ではそのようなことはなくなる。Here, if the transistor 3 is turned on only momentarily and a pulse with an amplitude of several tens of volts is applied to the transducer 4, then in the above portions a and b, the capacitance of the variable capacitance diode 5 is, for example, I In the case of S V 100, it is reduced to about several PFs to more than ten PFs, and the coupling between the transducer 4 and the receiving circuit 6 becomes sparse. Therefore, the energy of the pulse waveform from the pulse generating circuit 1 is sufficiently suppressed from being shunted to the receiving circuit 6 (Ill).While the pulse generating circuit 1 is pulling up the transducer 4 in this way, Due to the parametric nature of the variable capacitance diode, the amount of charge flowing into it, and thus the charging current to it, is limited to a limited amount or cumulative value at most. , the capacitor capacity was connected in parallel to the transducer 4, giving an additional 4A load to the pulse generation circuit 1.
With the present invention, such a situation will no longer occur.
次に、トランジスタ3がオフにもどされ高圧波形の尾部
すが次第に減衰してゆくと、それ((つれて可変容量ダ
イオード4の容量は増加し、トランスデユーサ4と受信
回路6との結合1d次第に密となり、伝達される信号の
減衰が少なくなる。そして、その印加電圧がOv付近に
々ると、容量は、600ないし1000 PF程度にも
なり、伝達信号はほとんど減衰さnなくなる。Next, when the transistor 3 is turned off and the tail of the high voltage waveform gradually attenuates, the capacitance of the variable capacitance diode 4 increases, and the coupling 1d between the transducer 4 and the receiving circuit 6 increases. As the density gradually increases, the attenuation of the transmitted signal decreases.When the applied voltage approaches Ov, the capacitance reaches about 600 to 1000 PF, and the transmitted signal is hardly attenuated.
このように、この装置はT/Rスイッチとして機能する
が、さらに、パルス電気信号印加時の陳結合からその後
の時間経過に従う密結合への変化は、受信回路6の増幅
率が時間の経過にともない増大することと@=価になり
、いわゆるTGCとしての′機能をも発揮することにな
る。In this way, this device functions as a T/R switch, but furthermore, the change from weak coupling when a pulsed electrical signal is applied to tight coupling as time passes is due to the fact that the amplification factor of the receiving circuit 6 changes over time. As a result, it increases and becomes @ = valence, and it also functions as a so-called TGC.
第2図は第2実施例装置の回路図を示すものであり、同
図には可変容量タイオード部分のみを示す。FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of the device of the second embodiment, and only the variable capacitance diode portion is shown in the same figure.
この実施例は、印加する]くルス電、気信号のダ圧に対
し、可変容量タイ倒−ド4の耐圧が足りないW、@匠甲
いるもので、4個の可変8肴タイオード4a〜4dを1
1並列に接続して、個々のタイオードに印加される電圧
をイ氏滅するとともに回路全体としての容tを第1実施
例の場合と同程閂に確保できるようにしている。In this embodiment, the withstand voltage of the variable capacitance tie-down wire 4 is insufficient for the applied voltage of the applied voltage and voltage signal, and the four variable capacitance tie-down diodes 4a~ 4d to 1
By connecting the diodes in parallel, the voltage applied to each diode can be completely reduced, and the capacity t of the entire circuit can be maintained as much as in the first embodiment.
15図は第5実施例装置のブロック構成図である。FIG. 15 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the fifth embodiment.
この実施例装置は、可変8肴タイオード5とトランスデ
ユーサ4との接続点Cを狗電圧で引張るようにバイアス
して、パルス発生回路1によるバルヌ電気信号印加楊の
トランジェント期間が終了した後罠は、可変容量タイオ
ード5がゼロバイアスをこえてさらに順方向にもバイア
スされるように構成したものであり、この順方向バイア
ス状態では、可変容量タイオード5の個有の規格に基づ
く静電容量に関係なくトランスデユーサ4と受信回路6
との結合をこの可変容量り□イオードの順方向ダイナミ
ックインピーダンスを介するのみで結合せしめ、その場
合、数Ω程敢奢介した直結状態に近いものにすることが
できる。In this embodiment, the connection point C between the variable diode 5 and the transducer 4 is biased to be pulled by a dog voltage, and after the transient period of application of the electric signal by the pulse generating circuit 1 is over, the is configured so that the variable capacitance diode 5 is further biased in the forward direction beyond zero bias, and in this forward bias state, the capacitance based on the specific standard of the variable capacitance diode 5 is Transducer 4 and receiver circuit 6 regardless
Coupling with the variable capacitor is achieved only through the forward dynamic impedance of the diode, and in that case, it is possible to achieve a state close to a direct connection with a resistance of several ohms.
この実施例装置では、可変容量ダイオード5が逆方向バ
イアスから順方向ノ〈イアスに切り換ったときにも、ト
ランスデユーサ4と受信回路6との結合が突然に再開さ
れることなく、可変容量タイオード5の増加しつつある
容量で結合されるため前記のようなTGOとしての機能
も維持することができる。In this embodiment device, even when the variable capacitance diode 5 is switched from reverse bias to forward bias, the coupling between the transducer 4 and the receiving circuit 6 is not suddenly restarted, and the variable capacitance diode 5 is variable. Since the capacitance diode 5 is coupled with the increasing capacitance, the above-mentioned function as a TGO can also be maintained.
勿論、可変容量ダイオード5の代りに普通のスイッチン
グダイオードを用い、逆方向ノくイアス時には結合が遮
断されることを考慮して接続点Cを十分に9電圧伸にし
ておく構成のものも実現可能である。Of course, it is also possible to use an ordinary switching diode instead of the variable capacitance diode 5, and to take into account that the coupling is cut off when the reverse direction is turned on, the connection point C can be sufficiently increased by 9 voltages. It is.
本発明は、上述の構成・作用によるものであるから、T
/Rスイッチとしての機能と700機能とを兼備した装
置を実現できる。このような装置は、従来装置の結合コ
ンポーネントを可変′容量タイオードに代えるだけの極
めて簡単な構成でちるので従来装置からの変便が容易で
あり、しかもその効果は大きいものである。壕だ、部品
点数の削減の点からも望ましいものである。Since the present invention has the above-described structure and operation, T
It is possible to realize a device that has both the function of a /R switch and the 700 function. Since such a device has an extremely simple structure in which the coupling component of the conventional device is replaced with a variable capacitance diode, it is easy to modify from the conventional device, and the effect is great. This is also desirable from the point of view of reducing the number of parts.
第1図は本発明の第1実施例装置の回路図。
第2図は本発明の第2実施例装置の回路図。
第3図は本発明の第3実施例装置のブロック構成図。
1・・・パルス発生回路、4・・・圧電トランスデユー
サ、5・・・可変容量ダイオード、6・・・受信回路。
特許出願人 株式会社横河電機製作所
代理人 弁理士 井 出 直 孝
一
(
第 1 図FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Pulse generation circuit, 4... Piezoelectric transducer, 5... Variable capacitance diode, 6... Receiving circuit. Patent applicant Yokogawa Electric Corporation Representative Patent attorney Koichi Ide (Figure 1)
Claims (1)
の回路の出力パルス電気信号を音波に変換し、この音波
による反射波を電気信号に変換するトランスデユーサと
、 このトランスデユーサの出力電気信号を増幅検波する受
信回路と を備えた音波送受信機において、 上記トランスデユーサと上記受信回路との間に、手記パ
ルス発生回路の発生するパルス電気信号により逆バイア
スされる極性で接続された可変容量ダイオードを備えた
ことを特徴とする音波送受信機。(1) A pulse generation circuit that generates a pulse electric signal, a transducer that converts the output pulse electric signal of this circuit into a sound wave, and converts the reflected wave from the sound wave into an electric signal, and the output electricity of this transducer. In a sound wave transmitter/receiver equipped with a receiving circuit that amplifies and detects a signal, a variable polarity is connected between the transducer and the receiving circuit so as to be reverse biased by the pulsed electric signal generated by the handwritten pulse generating circuit. A sound wave transmitter/receiver characterized by being equipped with a capacitive diode.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9089882A JPS58206989A (en) | 1982-05-27 | 1982-05-27 | Sound wave transmitter and receiver |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9089882A JPS58206989A (en) | 1982-05-27 | 1982-05-27 | Sound wave transmitter and receiver |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS58206989A true JPS58206989A (en) | 1983-12-02 |
JPH0119550B2 JPH0119550B2 (en) | 1989-04-12 |
Family
ID=14011217
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP9089882A Granted JPS58206989A (en) | 1982-05-27 | 1982-05-27 | Sound wave transmitter and receiver |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS58206989A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5347495A (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-09-13 | Milltronics Ltd. | Matching transformer for ultrasonic transducer |
EP1075098A1 (en) * | 1999-08-03 | 2001-02-07 | Eta SA Fabriques d'Ebauches | Electronic converter of an acoustic signal to a pseudo-digital signal and bidirectional communication method by acoustic waves |
SG97904A1 (en) * | 1999-08-04 | 2003-08-20 | Ebauchesfabrik Eta Ag | Electronic converter for converting an acoustic signal into a pseudodigital signal, timepiece including such a converter and two-directional communications method via acoustic waves |
JP2013250169A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2013-12-12 | Panasonic Corp | Ultrasonic sensor |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6003421B2 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2016-10-05 | 東京電力ホールディングス株式会社 | Ground wire suspension system |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS55136042A (en) * | 1979-04-11 | 1980-10-23 | Yokogawa Electric Works Ltd | Phaseddarray sonar |
-
1982
- 1982-05-27 JP JP9089882A patent/JPS58206989A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS55136042A (en) * | 1979-04-11 | 1980-10-23 | Yokogawa Electric Works Ltd | Phaseddarray sonar |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5347495A (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-09-13 | Milltronics Ltd. | Matching transformer for ultrasonic transducer |
DE4414746C2 (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 2003-10-16 | Siemens Milltronics Proc Instr | Transceiver circuit for an acoustic pulse-echo distance measuring system |
EP1075098A1 (en) * | 1999-08-03 | 2001-02-07 | Eta SA Fabriques d'Ebauches | Electronic converter of an acoustic signal to a pseudo-digital signal and bidirectional communication method by acoustic waves |
SG97904A1 (en) * | 1999-08-04 | 2003-08-20 | Ebauchesfabrik Eta Ag | Electronic converter for converting an acoustic signal into a pseudodigital signal, timepiece including such a converter and two-directional communications method via acoustic waves |
JP2013250169A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2013-12-12 | Panasonic Corp | Ultrasonic sensor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0119550B2 (en) | 1989-04-12 |
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