JPS58205046A - Heat collecting and ventilating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To contrive energy saving by a method wherein heat is collected and accumulated when the sun is shining to effect room heating by natural convection when the room heating is required while ventilation is performed by the device when the room heating is not. CONSTITUTION:The front surface of a casing 5 is provided with an air port 6 and a light transmittable flat plate 1 and the rear surface thereof is provided with openings 13, 14, which are communicated with the inside of a room, so as to be separated in up and down, while the inside of the casing is formed with fore and aft surface spaces 10, 11 by a heat collecting panel 2 and an internal bulkhead 9 located above the panel 2, so as to form lower airflow path 12, and the bulkhead 9 is provided with an opening equipped with movable air flow control plate 3. The air port 6 is provided with a non-return valve 7 being closed when the pressure in the casing 5 is positive while the opening 14 is provided with the non-return valve 8 being closed when the same is negative. When the control plates 3 are fixed at vertical positions and a fan 4, provided at the opening 13, is operated, the non-return valve 7 is opened, the non-return valve 8 is closed and the air from the air port 6 is flowed into the room through the spaces 10, 11 and the flow path 12 to effect heat collection and accumulation. When the control plates 3 are set at 45 deg. and the fan 4 is stopped, the non-return valve is closed and the non-return valve 8 is opened to effect the room heating by the natural convection. When the control plates 3 are set horizontal and the fan is operated, only the ventilation may be effected.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is installed on a wall of a building that receives sunlight in winter, collects or stores heat when there is sunlight, and introduces the heat into the room while also reducing sunlight. If there is no
The present invention relates to a heat collecting ventilation device that can be used as an indoor/outdoor ventilation device when heating is not required.

Conventionally, air type systems collect or store solar radiant energy, exchange heat with the air to obtain warm air, and introduce the warm air into the building to cover part of the heating energy. Heat collection devices and convection heat collection and storage walls (trombe walls) have been reported. In the former case, a radiant heat absorbing surface is installed with a gap inside a three-dimensional flat box whose negative side is made of a transparent flat plate, and air is heated by passing through the gap using a means such as a fan. This method introduces warm air into the building.
My father, the latter, installed a heat storage wall with a translucent flat plate and a radiant heat absorption surface vertically with a gap, and provided openings at the upper and lower ends of the heat storage wall to connect the room and the gap, and installed a radiation absorption surface. The air inside the cavity is heated by the solar energy collected in the space, and the indoor air is taken in from the bottom opening by heat convection that removes insects, heated, and then hot air is blown into the room from the two-part opening. has. In these conventional configurations, the air flow path is mainly used for indoor air circulation, and on cloudy days with no sunlight or during mornings and evenings, it is used for purposes other than simply releasing residual heat related to the heat capacity of the heat collector immediately after sunlight. does not function at all, and does not exhibit any effectiveness, especially when heating is not required in the middle of the year or in the summer.

The present invention is. . Solve Yohiko's shortcomings! It provides heat collecting ventilation and storage facilities. In other words, the heat collecting ventilation system according to the present invention is installed in such a way that an air passage passing through the inside and outside of the building is provided on the wall surface of a building that is exposed to sunlight during the winter. It collects or accumulates energy and introduces that energy indoors in the form of warm air.
The purpose is to reduce fossil energy used for heating, and when heating is not required, the porous slit that opens and closes the air flow path acts as a damper that blocks the air flow path in the heat collecting part. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat collecting ventilation device that can control the air flow path and operate as a normal ventilation device, thereby preventing unnecessary hot air from being drawn into a room when heating is not required. Therefore, the device according to the present invention is mainly used for exchanging air with the outside, and is basically a ventilation device that has new functions and effects such as heat collection and storage. The technology and technical idea are different.0 Hereinafter, one example of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

In the figure, 1 is a light-transmitting flat plate, and in this example, a float glass plate with a thickness of 3 mm is formed to have a width of 0.9 m and a height of 1.5 m. 5 no.

place As the heat collecting plate 2, the transparent plate 1 side is exposed to sunlight.
~Absorption rate 0.9. A light-absorbing flat plate made of a 0.2-thick copper plate with a width of 0.9 m and a height of 1.35 m, which has been treated with selective absorption so that the long-wavelength emissivity is 0.2, is used. Parallel to the flat plate 1 with an interval of 0.05 m, and the box body 5
It was installed with a distance of 0.05 m from the back side of the screen. Heat collecting plate 2
The upper part of the box body 6 is connected to the internal partition wall 9, and the front space 10 and back space 11 of the box body 5 are connected to the air flow path 12 at the bottom and the air hole 6 provided in the internal partition wall 9 in the right direction in the figure. They are sealed except for the connecting air flow path. The internal partition wall 9 is provided with ventilation holes having dimensions of 0, 2 m, Xo, and 2 m that form the air flow path connected to the air holes 6, and therein is a movable air flow path control plate having a horizontal axis of rotation. Install 3.

When the control plate 3 is held vertically, it seals the ventilation hole provided in the internal partition wall 9, and when it is rotated about 90 degrees, it seals the air flow path in the front space 10 and the back space 11. configured to seal.

As a result, within a rotation of 90°, the vents and spaces 10,11 provided in the internal partition 9 become interconnected six vanes. 4 is an air circulation device provided in the upper opening 13, such as a blower fan; 7 is a check valve provided in the air hole 6 and closes when the inside of the box body 6 is under positive pressure; 8 is provided in the lower opening 14 and is a check valve provided in the box body Inside 5 is a check valve that closes when pressure is removed.

The heat collecting ventilation system constructed in this way has an effective heat collecting area of approximately 1.22 m'', and only the upper and lower openings 13 and 14 are provided on the outer wall of the building as openings into the room. and installed.

In the example, the above-mentioned heat collecting ventilation device was installed in close contact with the inner wall surface of the building. On a clear day in winter when the outside temperature is 9℃, the total solar radiation on the southern vertical plane as solar energy around mid-sunset is approximately e 507/rr?・I got h.

At this time, when the control plate 3 is fixed vertically, the internal partition wall 90 ventilation hole is sealed, and the blower fan 4 is driven, the pressure inside the box body 5 is removed, the check valve 8 is closed, and the mechanical air hole 6 is closed. The check valve 7 is opened, and the outside air taken in through the air hole 6 flows into the spaces 10 and 1.
2 and 11, the solar energy collected on the heat collecting plate 2 is introduced into the room through the upper opening 13.

At this time, the temperature of the air introduced into room 7 was approximately 22°C, and approximately 590 h1 of heat could be taken into the room in one hour of operation. The electrical energy used to drive the blower fan 4 during this period was about 26 hl, which shows the remarkable energy saving effect of the present invention.

Next, the blower fan 4 is stopped, the control board 3 is set to about 450, the check valve 8 provided at the bottom of the box is set to the open state, and the indoor temperature is maintained at 16°C. Then, the blower fan 4 is opened from the lower opening 14 where the check valve 8 is installed.
The indoor air heating due to natural convection to the upper opening 13 where the was installed was evaluated. Global solar radiation of 590 to 21+/
rr?・In contrast to h, the airflow due to natural convection from the L section frontage 13 is about 35℃, and after 1 hour of operation, the airflow is about 290℃.
The amount of heat of H was introduced into the room.

Next, the control board 3 is set horizontally, the external air inflow path to the heat collecting part 2 is closed, and the blower fan 4 is operated, so that the outside air flowing in from the air hole 6 is not heated at all and reaches 9°C.
It passes through the ventilation hole of the internal partition wall 9 and is introduced into the room from the upper opening 13.

As described above, according to this embodiment, by controlling the rotational position of the movable air flow path control plate 3, the air flow path from the air hole 6 to the upper opening 13 via the front and back sides of the heat collecting plate 2, and the air hole 6 are controlled. Since the air flow resistance of the air flow path from the air flow path to the upper opening 13 via the control board 3 can be increased or decreased quantitatively, it is possible to increase or decrease the resistance of the air flow path from the air flow path through the control board 3 to the upper opening 13. Air intake can be freely set. These settings can be arbitrarily selected depending on the outside temperature, solar radiation, and indoor necessity.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In this embodiment, a heat storage function is added to the heat collecting plate 2 in the structure of the previous example. The heat storage body is made of sodium sulfate decahydrate sealed in a metal-coated plastic sheet, other salts are added, and a gelling agent is mixed in. It melts and solidifies at a temperature between 27°C and 30°C. As a child,
The thickness was approximately 3 crn. This material is one of the typical examples of what is usually called a latent heat storage material, and absorbs and releases approximately 3 to 40 hours of energy per unit weight (K9) as it melts and solidifies. The heat collection ventilation system according to this example was fixed facing south, the control board 3 was set horizontally, and it was placed under sunlight between 9:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. in winter. The total amount of vertical solar radiation during this period was 270.
It was 0kal. At 5 p.m., the control board 3 was set at 45°, and the indoor temperature was set at 15° C., and indoor air was taken into the box 5 by the blower fan 4 and allowed to flow back into the room through the lower opening 14.

In this state, warm air was obtained from the lower opening 14, and approximately 1050 d of heat could be introduced into the room until the temperature difference between the inflow and outflow disappeared. According to this embodiment, the device is not operated during daytime sunshine, and when the nighttime temperature drops, the stored solar energy during the daytime can be effectively used. Of course, there is no need to explain that this embodiment can also operate during the daytime in the same way as the previous example.

Although sodium sulfate hydrate was used as the heat storage material in this example, other latent heat storage materials such as calcium chloride-based materials, paraffins, other inorganic or organic materials, concrete or water may also be used. It is also possible to use sensible heat storage bodies such as

As described above, the present invention is installed on a side of a building where sunlight can be expected, collects or stores solar energy in the winter, and uses natural convection to take in solar energy indoors as appropriate depending on the outside air and indoor conditions. It is possible to perform forced ventilation or to introduce solar energy during the daytime into the room at night, which greatly contributes to energy conservation in houses. The device of the present invention has a configuration that functions as a simple ventilation device not only in winter but also in mid-season and summer, and can be effectively used for outdoor air cooling during mid-season cooling and at night during summer.

That is, according to the heat collecting ventilation device according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively collect solar energy during sunshine and introduce it into the room as warm air, and to introduce the stored heat energy into the room in the evening and at night. Furthermore, it brings fresh outside air into the room even on cloudy days or at night, helping to maintain a good living environment. Also, during the mid-air cooling period and at night during summer, the enthalpy of the outside air, determined by the outside temperature and humidity, is 11 times higher than that of the indoors.

If the air flow rate is small, by adjusting the movable air flow path control plate, it is possible to actively take in fresh outside air for so-called outside air cooling. Furthermore, during winter sunshine, when the indoor temperature is relatively close to the comfortable temperature range, the amount of air flowing through the sunlight heat collection surface flow path is reduced, and the amount of air flowing through the direct intake flow path of outside air is controlled at an arbitrary ratio. It has the characteristics of being able to These features depend on the configuration of the heat collection ventilation system of the present invention, and the above two air flow paths are controlled by the setting of the movable air flow path control plate, so that the air flow resistance of the two air flow paths increases and decreases in a quantitatively contradictory manner. This is achieved by being able to change the relationship arbitrarily.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a partially sectional side view showing an embodiment of the heat collection ventilation device according to the present invention. 1... Translucent flat plate, 2... Fiery plate, 3
......Movable air flow path control board, 4...1.1
, ventilation fan, 5... box body, 6... air hole, end, 8... check valve, 9... internal bulkhead, 13... ...Top opening, 14-gate...Bottom opening. 224-

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A light-transmitting flat plate, a heat collecting plate arranged at a distance from the light-transmitting flat plate, and a plurality of movable air channels that rotate in conjunction with each other about an axis along the surface of the heat collecting plate. The first air vent has a control board, an air circulation device, an air intake, and an air outlet, and extends from the air intake through the ground of the heat collecting plate to the air outlet.
and a second air flow path from the air intake port to the air outlet via the movable flow path control plate, and the first and second air flow paths and the second air flow path. The air circulation device is provided in a common flow path, and the rotational position of the movable air flow path control plate is controlled to make the air flow path resistances of the first air flow path and the second air flow path quantitatively contradictory. A heat collecting ventilation device characterized by increasing or decreasing the amount of heat. (2) The heat collecting ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that a latent heat storage body is used as the heat collecting plate. Page 02 (3) The heat collecting ventilation device 0 according to claim 1, characterized in that a sensible heat storage body is used as the heat collecting plate. (4) The heat collection ventilation device according to claim 1, wherein the latent heat storage body contains one of sodium sulfate hydrate and calcium chloride.