JPS58202749A - Working apparatus equipped with temperature controlling faculty - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit a work to be worked into the state having no dimension error at room-temperature by controlling the temperature of lubricating-oil so that the temperature difference between the temperature of the lubricating-oil and that of grinding liquid is not varied, independently from the temperature variation. CONSTITUTION:Into an arithmetic circuit 40, each value of the temperature tc of grinding-liquid, temperature th of lubricating-oil, and the room temperature tr are inputted from temperature detectors 30, 38, and 44. When the room temperature tr rises, said arithmetic circuit 40 operates a cooler 36 so that the temperature difference between the temperature tc of grinding liquid and the temperature th of lubricating-oil decreases, and then the temperature th of lubricating-oil lowers. While, if the room-temperature tr lowers, the temperature th of lubricating-oil is increased by the operation of a heater 35. Thus, a work can be worked into the state having not dimension error at room-temperature tr.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a processing device having a temperature control function.

As shown in Fig. 1-1, multiple machining holes 4.5 in the workpiece W
is being machined by the shaft head 15 equipped with a multi-axis spindle 16, 17, the machined hole pitch of the workpiece W will match the spindle pitch of the shaft head, but the machining of the workpiece W at the time of machining If the thermal expansion between the hole pitches and the thermal expansion between the spindle pitches of the shaft head are not equal, a considerable dimensional error will occur in the machined hole pitch at room temperature.

In order to correct this dimensional error, conventionally, the temperature of the lubricating oil in the shaft head follows the temperature change of the cutting fluid, and machining is performed by making the amount of thermal expansion of the workpiece and the shaft head equal.

However, although this conventional device eliminates dimensional errors at a specific reference temperature, when the workpiece is assembled to a mating object at a room temperature different from the reference temperature after machining, the 'fiAf
There was a risk that the assembly work would not be carried out smoothly due to thermal expansion caused by the difference.

That is, when the reference temperature is 20°C, the room temperature is 0 to 10°C in winter and 30 to 40°C in summer, resulting in a maximum temperature difference of around 20°C and a corresponding dimensional change. This dimensional change may cause problems in the assembly work, regardless of whether the mating parts are made of the same material or if they are made of different materials.

The present invention was made in order to eliminate such conventional problems, and its purpose is to change the temperature difference between the cutting fluid temperature and the lubricating oil temperature based on changes in room temperature, and to improve the temperature during assembly. This process involves machining workpieces to regular dimensions at near room temperature.

First, before explaining the present invention in detail, the pitch error δ occurring in the workpiece W will be explained. In Figure 1, 15
is the shaft head for machining the workpiece W, and 50 is the machining hole 4 of the workpiece W.
, 5. This is a measuring device that is measuring the pitch of . In such a processing device, the pitch of the holes 4 and 5 that should be formed during processing is set to l,
If the coefficient of thermal expansion of the shaft head 15 is α, the pitch lh of the spindle 16, 17 when the shaft head temperature increases by thf is:
Assuming that the spindle pitch is l at a predetermined assembling temperature to, it is expressed as g=l(1+α(th-to)'4), and the machined hole 4.5 of the workpiece W has a pitch of zh. It will be processed.

On the other hand, when the cutting fluid temperature during machining of the workpiece W is tc, the workpiece W is maintained at this cutting fluid temperature tc during machining, but the workpiece W is lowered to room temperature tr at the same time as machining is completed. Therefore, when the coefficient of thermal expansion of the workpiece W is β, the pitch/w of the machined holes 4 and 5 of the workpiece W at the time of measurement is 1W=jh(1-β(tc-tr))=l*(1+12(th -to) )(1-β(tc
-tr)).

Further, the measuring device 50 is exposed to the same room temperature tr as the workpiece W. Therefore, when the coefficient of thermal expansion of this measuring device 5o is set to α, which is the same as that of the shaft head 15, the measuring shaft 51.52 is assembled so that the pitch of 1 m becomes the pitch of the measuring shaft 51.52 at the predetermined assembly temperature to. is expressed as jm-4(1+z(tr-to)).

As a result, the pitch error δ is δ=l W −1m =l*(1+a(th-to))(1−β(tc t
r))l(1+α(tr-t o))=l(
a (th-tr)-β(tc-tr)-amβ(th
-to)(tc-tr)).

In the above equation, since the values of α and β are small, the term including α and β is omitted. In this relational expression, if the pitch error δ is set to 0, the above equation can be expressed as o=a (th-tr)-β(tc-tr). This equation can be further expressed as room temperature tr and lubricating oil temperature th.
Expressed as a relational expression, i! 2. u-t,h-tc (1)tr...(1)α
It is transformed into α.

Therefore, by controlling the temperature difference between the cutting fluid temperature tc and the lubricating oil temperature th to satisfy the above equation, that is, the temperature difference between the cutting fluid temperature tc and the lubricating oil temperature th according to changes in the room temperature tr, the pitch error δ at the room temperature tr can be reduced. It can be eliminated.

Note that the room temperature tr changes slightly depending on the passage of time between machining, measuring, or assembling the workpiece W, but the change in the room temperature tr is a change in the temperature over the course of a day.
It is around 7°C, which is the same as the reference temperature and the room temperature tr in summer and winter.
The temperature difference is extremely small compared to the temperature difference between the

A specific configuration of a processing device that prevents the pitch error δ from occurring under such room temperature tr will be described below.

10 is a processing device, 11 is a bed, 12 is a feeding unit installed on the bed 11, and 13 is this feeding unit 12.
14 is a sliding table slidably guided along the guiding surface 13; 15 is a shaft head installed on the sliding table 14; 16. Near is a spindle rotatably supported on this shaft head 15, and 18.19 is this spindle 16.
．． 17 is a processing tool inserted, 20 is a gear box installed behind the shaft head 15 and rotationally connected to each spindle 16, 17, 21 is a drive motor connected to the human power shaft of the gear box 20, 22 is a gear box connected to each spindle 16 and 17; A jig main body is installed on the bed 11 facing the shaft head 15, 23 is a reference surface for positioning the workpiece,
24 is a clamping device for clamping the workpiece, 25
26 is a cutting fluid storage tank; 26 is a cutting fluid supply pump; 27 is a cutting fluid jetting nozzle that is connected to the pump 26 via a conduit 28 and is provided on the jig body 22; A return pipe being recovered; 30 a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the cutting fluid returned through the return pipe 29; 31 a lubricating oil storage tank supplied to the shaft head 15; 32 a lubricating oil supply pump; 33 is a supply pipe whose one end communicates with the supply pump 32 and the other end communicates with the shaft head 15; 34 is a return pipe for returning lubricating oil discharged from the shaft head 15 to the storage tank 31; and 35 is a lubrication pipe. 36 is a cooler that cools the lubricating oil; 37 is a control circuit that controls the operation of the heater 34 and the cooler 35; 38 is the temperature of the lubricating oil returned to the storage tank 31 from the return pipe 34; A temperature sensor 44 detects the room temperature tr.

The control circuit 37 includes a temperature detector 30 as shown in FIG.
．． 38. ．． An arithmetic circuit 40 calculates the cutting fluid temperature tc and lubricating oil temperature detected at step 44 and the room temperature tr based on the equation (1), and the heater 35 and It consists of a stop circuit 43 which is important for the power supply of the cooler 36.

In the above configuration, the arithmetic circuit 40 includes a temperature detector 30°3.
The cutting fluid temperature tC1, the lubricating oil filling level th, and the room temperature Tr are inputted from 8 and 44, and the relationship between these three companies is calculated based on the above equation (1). For example, when the room temperature Tr changes, the calculation circuit 40
As a result of the calculation, detects that an imbalance has occurred in the relationship expressed by equation (1), and outputs a signal for changing the lubricating oil temperature th. Normally, the lubricating oil temperature th is set higher than the cutting fluid humidity tc, and if the room temperature tr rises under such conditions, as is clear from equation (1) above, the cutting fluid temperature tc and the lubricating oil temperature th will change. The cooler 36 is operated to lower the lubricating oil temperature th so that the temperature difference is smaller, and when the room temperature tr has decreased, the heater 35 is operated so that the temperature difference is increased, Lubricating oil temperature t
h is increased.

In this way, by controlling the lubricating oil temperature th so as to satisfy the above equation (1) as the room temperature tr changes, the workpiece W
The machined holes 4 and 5 were prepared using normal heat at room temperature tr.

It can be processed to become tsuchil.

As described above, the processing device of the present invention detects the room temperature, the cutting fluid temperature, and the lubricating oil temperature, and detects the temperature difference between the cutting oil temperature and the lubricating oil temperature in accordance with changes in the room temperature. Since the temperature of the lubricating oil is controlled, the workpiece can be machined at room temperature without any dimensional errors, which has the advantage that assembly, etc. can be carried out smoothly.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the shaft head, measuring instrument, and workpiece, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the processing device, and Fig. 3 is a control diagram. It is a block diagram of a circuit. 10... φ processing device, 11... Bed, 12... Feeding unit, 14... Sliding table, 15... Shaft head, 1
6.17@φ・Spindle, 1B, 19... Processing tool, 22... Jig body, 23... Reference surface, 24...
Fist clamp device, 25...Cutting fluid reservoir, 27・φ・
Cutting fluid jet nozzle, 30... @ temperature sensor, 31...
Lubricating oil storage tank, 35・Shell・heater, 3641・・cooler, 37・control circuit, 38・Φ・temperature detector, 44・
...Temperature detector, W...Workpiece. Patent applicant Toyota Machinery Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a machining device that supplies cutting fluid to a machining location to process a workpiece, a circulation device that circulates lubricating oil within the shaft head of this machining device and a lubrication device that heats or cools the lubricating oil to lubricate the workpiece. a temperature adjustment device for adjusting the oil temperature; and a temperature adjustment device that detects the temperature of the lubricating oil, the temperature of the cutting fluid, and the room temperature so that the temperature difference between the cutting fluid temperature and the lubricating oil temperature is changing as the room temperature changes. A processing device having a temperature control function, further comprising a control means for controlling the temperature adjustment device.