JPS58201920A - Plant growing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates primarily to a device for growing plants in a controlled environment, and more particularly to a controlled environment plant growing device that uses the sun and artificial light sources as light sources.

Traditionally, sunlight has been widely used for plant cultivation. However, by using fluctuating sunlight for photosynthesis, plant growth becomes dependent on the weather, and there are limits to systematic plant cultivation. Therefore, an environment-controlled plant growing device using an artificial light source C (hereinafter referred to as Lang) has been proposed. However, its biggest drawback was the high cost of electrical energy. In other words, the enormous cost of electricity required to light the lamps has made it difficult to economically implement such plant growing devices. This tendency was especially strong in Japan, where electric power systems are even more expensive than in Europe and the United States.

Therefore, one idea is to reduce lamp costs by using sunlight during the day and using lamps only at night.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example in which a lamp is used in conjunction with a device in which plants are placed facing sunlight.

In this case, since the planting density of the plants 2 seen from the rung 1 is low, more light reaches the floor between the plants 2 in vain.

Therefore, the number of lamps required to provide a sufficient amount of light to each plant increases, which is economically disadvantageous. Moreover, when using sunlight, the angle at which plant 2 can receive sunlight is 3.3', 3" 3, which was close to 180° without rung 1.
Due to the light rays being blocked by the installation of rung 1, the smaller # is, the more negative the effect will be.

On the other hand, FIG. 2 shows an example in which sunlight is introduced into a device designed to efficiently utilize lamp light. In this case, lamp equipment and the like block sunlight, making it impossible for a sufficient amount of sunlight to reach the plants for photosynthesis. That is, in FIG. 2, the light from the lamp 1 is designed to be sufficiently supplied to the plant 2, but the sunlight receiving angle 3.
3' is narrowed by lamp 1' and is only about 115 degrees of the ideal 180°.

As described above, when Lang light and sunlight are used together in a plant growing device, it is difficult to utilize both effectively, and this has the drawback of being extremely disadvantageous economically.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an economical method for growing plants that uses both a lamp and the sun as a light source, and that utilizes both light sources with extremely high efficiency. The goal is to provide equipment.

The present invention aims to achieve the above object by providing means for changing the arrangement of plants depending on the light source.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to Examples.

A plurality of racks 4 for supporting plants are installed in the plant growing apparatus according to the present invention as shown in Fig. 83. Figure 3 shows the arrangement of the plant support frame 4 when using sunlight. In this case, the included angle 5 of the plant support rack 4 is made as large as possible to maximize the angle at which the plants 2 can receive sunlight.

On the other hand, when the lamp 1 is lit, the included angle 5 is set to a relatively small value as shown in FIG. To maximize the cultivation density as seen from lamp 1 within the limits of The value of the included angle 5 at the time of the change, strictly speaking, depends on the state of leaf growth of the plant. ) Compared to the case of this arrangement in Figure 3, the amount of plants 2 per unit floor area has increased. In other words, since the floor area occupied by the plant support rack 4 is reduced, the number of required lamps is also reduced. Furthermore, during the day, if the heat insulating partition 6 with a reflector that is in contact with the north wall is moved in accordance with the reduction in floor area and the space where plants are present is reduced, it is also effective to reduce the air conditioning load.

Next, a description will be given of the plant support rack 4 that can change the included angle 5 and move as described above. FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing the plant support rack 4. FIG. The plant support rack 4 includes a trough 7 for cultivating plants, a support frame 8 for supporting a plurality of troughs 7,
It has a hook 9 as a means for changing the included angle 5, and a leg axis 1O as a moving means. Although the tiger 77 is shown only on one side of the plant support frame 4 in FIG. 4, it is actually arranged on the opposite side as well. In that case, the tigers 77 on both sides may be arranged at the same height, or the heights may be alternated. It is preferable to install the leg shaft 10 at a position that supports the center of gravity of the plant support frame 4 as shown in the figure, since the force required to change the included angle 5 is small, but it is preferable to install the leg shaft 10 at a position that supports the center of gravity of the plant support frame 4, as the force required to change the included angle 5 is small.
) is also possible. As a means of changing f of included angle 5,
The simplest method is to attach and detach the hook 9, but in this case, only two types of included angles 5 can be selected. Therefore, by using a rope hoisting mechanism as shown in FIG. 5, for example, it becomes possible to fix the rope to any included angle 5 within a certain range. Furthermore, even if the plant support frame 4 is heavy during planting and it is difficult to attach or detach the hook 9, the included angle 5 can be easily changed using this mechanism. The rope hoisting mechanism winds the ropes 12 and 12' connected to the support frames 8.81 on both sides of the plant support rack 4, respectively, around the drums 1 and 3, and rotates the drum 12 using the handle 14, so that the ropes can be rolled up. The corner 5 is changed. For fixing the included angle 5, use the drum 13
The presser pawl 16 is engaged with the pawl of the pawl wheel 15 joined to the pawl to prevent reverse rotation.

Further, the track needs to be held horizontally regardless of the included angle 5. FIG. 6 shows an example of how to support the tiger 77. Here, a trough support 17 is freely rotatably lowered onto the support frame 8 at a support point 18, and the trough 7 is placed on it. A method of directly hanging the trough 7 on the support frame 8 is also possible.

! FIG. 7 shows another row of plant support racks 4 in which the included angles 5 of the support rods 8 on both sides are directed upward.

In this case, if the support rod 19 of the lamp l is attached as shown in the figure, the included angle 5 can be increased to utilize sunlight.
As shown in the figure, the height of the lamp 1 can be reduced. This has the advantage that the amount of solar radiation blocked by the lamp 1 is reduced compared to the case where the lamp 1 is fixed.

As described above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to cultivate plants with extremely high utilization efficiency of sunlight and Lang light with relatively simple equipment.

For the four rows of nuts, the aim was to have an inexpensive device configuration, so manual means were used to change the included angle 5f of the plant support rack 4 and move it, but of course it is also possible to use electric means.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 9, in a device for growing plants while circulating the tiger 77'fr on which the plants are placed, the pulleys 20 and 20' are changed to 1! (20//.

20'), it is also possible to make effective use of the sun and rung 1.

As explained above, according to the present invention, lamp light and sunlight can be used extremely efficiently, and as a whole, it is possible to realize a plant growing device that is more economical than the conventional one. Become.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 are side views showing a conventional plant growth device, Figures 3 (a) and CB) are side views showing the state of the plant growth rack when using sunlight and sunlight, respectively. Fig. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a plant support rack used in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 5 is a side view of the rope hoisting mechanism, Fig. 6 is a side view showing the trough support method, and Fig. 7 is the Fi plant. FIG. 8 is a perspective view schematically showing another embodiment of the support frame, FIG. 8 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 9 is a side view of another embodiment of the present invention. l... Lamp, 2... Plant, 3... Sunlight receiving angle, 4... Plant support rack, 5... Included angle, 6...
Partition, 7...Trough, 8...Support frame, 9...
Hook, 1o... Leg shaft, 11... Shaft end of support frame, 1
2... Rope, 13... Drum, 14... Handle, 15... Pawl wheel, 16... Presser claw, 17...
・Trough support, 18...Support point, 19 1st Figure χ 2 Figure 'Ir-J3 Figure (B) ¥J 4 Figure 3' χ 5 Figure 4 6th (2) , ¥, '7 [¥ ]

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A plant characterized by using at least both the sun and an artificial light source as a light source necessary for photosynthesis of the plant, and having a plant support means that can change the arrangement of the plant depending on the light source. Growth equipment. 2. The plant growing device according to claim 1, wherein the plant support means includes means for supporting the artificial light source, and the spatial position of the artificial light source is adjusted according to the arrangement of the plants. 3. The plant growing device according to item 1, comprising a device for spatially circulating the plants, and the device including a means for changing the circulation path. A plant growth device featuring: