WO2020171231A1

WO2020171231A1 - Plant factory

Info

Publication number: WO2020171231A1
Application number: PCT/JP2020/007246
Authority: WO
Inventors: 中村　貴利
Original assignee: 株式会社エヌティーアイ
Priority date: 2019-02-21
Filing date: 2020-02-21
Publication date: 2020-08-27
Also published as: JP2020130075A

Abstract

The present invention provides technology for limiting the costs of a plant factory having photovoltaic panels.　A sunlight-type plant factory is provided with a building. The roof 12 of the building is transparent, and sunlight can enter into the inner space of the building. Photovoltaic panels 110 are disposed in the inner space of the building. The inclination angle of the photovoltaic panels 110 can be changed in the north-south direction.

Description

Plant factory

The present invention relates to a plant factory (including a simple one such as a vinyl house in the “plant factory” in the present application), and in particular, a solar power generation panel equipped with a solar power generation capability. Light-related plant factory.

In recent years, investment in plant factories has increased. A plant factory is a system that systematically produces plants in a closed or semi-closed space with controlled internal environment, and is a technology that can realize a stable year-round supply of safe food. From such a viewpoint, it is expected that the role of plant factories will continue to grow.
However, in the present application, it is a plant factory that systematically produces plants in a closed space, and has a wall and a roof that isolate the inside from the external environment, and at least a part of the roof receives sunlight. Only plant plants using sunlight, which have buildings made of transparent materials, will be targeted for plant factories.

However, there are few plant factories or corporations that manage them, and it is hard to say that their operation and management are economically stable. Many of the problems stem from the high cost of plant factories. A plant factory has a large initial cost and a high running cost as compared with a general farm, and in particular, the running cost is often a problem.
The utility cost accounts for a relatively large proportion of the running cost, and the electricity cost is particularly high.

From such a point of view, there is a movement to procure electric power by installing a solar power generation panel in a plant factory, for example. According to this, it is possible to suppress the electricity bill that is indispensable for the operation of the plant factory, and even to sell the electric power in some cases, so that not only cost reduction but also profit improvement may be achieved.

When installing photovoltaic panels in plant factories, current attempts are often to attach the photovoltaic panels to the roof of a building, in which case they are mounted on the roof. This is a conventional photovoltaic panel, if it is mounted on the roof (not necessarily the roof of a plant factory), it is mounted on the roof (or the photovoltaic panel itself constitutes the roof). This is because the metal fittings used for mounting are also designed with that in mind.
Further, the roof itself may be composed of a photovoltaic power generation panel.

By the way, if the solar power generation panel is used on the upper side of the roof, that is, in a state of being exposed to the external environment, the solar power generation panel is required to have high weather resistance, for example. In addition, a solar power generation panel that requires high weather resistance tends to be heavy due to its toughness, and a pedestal that supports the solar power generation panel tends to be tough and heavy. These circumstances affect the increase in the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic power generation panel and also the increase in the building cost of the building, which leads to the increase in the initial cost of the plant factory. The photovoltaic panels that make up the roof itself are similar to the above in that they are exposed to the external environment, and such photovoltaic panels tend to be unusable for other purposes, so their manufacturing costs are also Get higher
Further, even if a solar power generation panel having excellent weather resistance is used, if the solar power generation panel is used in a state where it is exposed to the external environment, the running cost required for its maintenance increases. Photovoltaic panels used in the condition of being exposed to the external environment are subject to deterioration over time, and even if there is no deterioration over time, for example, soil or dead leaves will adhere to the surface of the photovoltaic panel. Since the surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel is only soiled, the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation panel is lowered, so that running costs are required for cleaning the photovoltaic power generation panel.

The subject of the present invention is to provide a technique for suppressing the cost of a plant factory having a photovoltaic power generation panel.

In order to solve the above-mentioned subject, the inventor of the present application has conducted repeated research. As a result, the inventor of the present application needs high weather resistance for the photovoltaic panel because the photovoltaic panel is on the roof of the building, and the photovoltaic panel is not exposed to the external environment. It has been found that the solar power generation panel does not need to have high weather resistance when installed indoors, and the surface contamination that causes a decrease in power generation efficiency is reduced.
The present invention is based on such knowledge.

The inventor of the present application proposes the following invention.
The present invention has a wall and a roof that isolate the interior from the external environment, and at least the roof is made of a material that transmits sunlight, and the interior of the building is provided near the roof. , A solar-powered plant factory that includes a plurality of photovoltaic panels.
The building that is a part of the solar-powered plant factory in the present invention may be basically the same as a conventional solar-powered plant factory, or may be completely the same as a conventional solar-powered plant factory. good.
The solar-powered plant factory according to the present invention includes a plurality of solar power generation panels. The solar power generation panel generates power by receiving sunlight like a general solar power generation panel. Then, the photovoltaic panel according to the present invention is provided in the building. Therefore, since the solar-powered plant factory in the present invention does not require high weather resistance for the photovoltaic panels that form a part of the solar-powered plant factory, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost thereof. It is possible to reduce the initial cost even if it is viewed as, and the deterioration of the solar power generation panel over time is less compared to the case where the solar power generation panel is installed outside the building, and the surface is contaminated. Since many of the causes can be eliminated, the running cost is also reduced. For example, a photovoltaic panel that does not have high weather resistance can have a simple structure in which a PV cell (photovoltaic cell) is attached to a polycarbonate plate, an acrylic plate, or another plastic plate. Such a photovoltaic panel can be manufactured at low cost and is lightweight.

Each of the plurality of solar power generation panels in the solar-powered plant factory according to the present invention may be capable of changing its inclination at least in the north-south direction.
The altitude of the sun changes depending on the season. By changing the inclination of the solar power generation panel in the north-south direction, as is well known or well known, the direction of the light receiving surface, which is usually located on the upper surface of the solar power generation panel, can be made to follow the seasonal elevation change of the sun. This makes it possible to keep the angle of the sunlight hitting the light receiving surface as close to vertical as possible. Thereby, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation panel can be improved. The change in the angle of the solar power generation panel in the north-south direction may be continuous or may be batch-like, such as every 24 hours or once a week.
On the other hand, the solar panel may be capable of changing its inclination in the east-west direction. The sun moves from east to west during the day. If the solar panel can change its tilt in the east-west direction, by changing the direction of the light-receiving surface of the solar panel by following the movement of the sun during the day, It is possible to keep the angle of the sunlight hitting the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel as close to the vertical as possible. Thereby, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation panel can be improved. The change in the angle of the solar power generation panel in the east-west direction may be continuous or may be batch-like such as every 1 minute or every 15 minutes.
When the solar panel changes its inclination in the north-south direction or the east-west direction, the change in the north-south direction and the change in the east-west direction may be performed in conjunction with each other or individually. good.
When the plurality of solar power panels can change its inclination even in the east-west direction, the plurality of the solar power panels, in the morning and evening hours, in the east or west direction of the solar power panel The light receiving surface of the solar power generation panel may face the sun by being vertical or substantially vertical with the light receiving surface facing. In the present application, "a state in which the light receiving surface of the solar power generation panel is oriented in either east or west" does not necessarily mean that the light receiving surface of the solar power generation panel is facing east or true west, It is assumed that the condition is satisfied if the light receiving surface is oriented within 30 degrees (preferably within 15 degrees) in the horizontal direction from the direction of the sun. In the present application, "substantially vertical" means that the angle formed by a line along the maximum inclination direction of the photovoltaic panel and the vertical line is within 15 degrees (preferably within 10 degrees). In the present application, "morning and evening" means a time zone in which the sun altitude (elevation angle) is within 15 degrees with a margin (or within 10 degrees without a margin). In the morning and evening hours, the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels tends to deteriorate. In such a time zone, it is possible to improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation panel by keeping the photovoltaic power generation panel vertical or almost vertical. In this case, the photovoltaic panels may be lined up in front of and behind the sun. That way, the solar panels near the sun can get enough power generation efficiency, but the solar panels farther from the sun hidden behind the solar panels in the front can't get enough power generation efficiency. There is also a possibility. In order to prevent such a situation, it is preferable that the solar power generation panel used for such a purpose is of a type that transmits sunlight.

At least a plurality of the plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels may be configured such that their inclinations can be collectively changed by driving one power unit.
If a plurality of tilts of the photovoltaic power generation panel can be collectively changed by one power unit, cost reduction can be expected by reducing the number of power units.

As described above, the roof of the building in the solar-powered plant factory is made of a material that transmits sunlight. To that extent, there are no particular restrictions on the structure of the building and roof.
For example, the roof is a frame member formed of rod-shaped members arranged vertically and horizontally in a plurality of rows, and a rectangular range surrounded by the rod-shaped members existing in a grid pattern on the frame member on all sides. A window member, which is a film material or a plate material made of a material that transmits sunlight, may be provided in each of the windows. In that case, each of the plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels may be smaller than the size of the window portion, and may be arranged directly below the window portion.
The light receiving surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel is basically directed upward, as is common sense, but this makes it possible to prevent the shadow of the frame member from falling on the light receiving surface.
In this case, each of the plurality of photovoltaic panels can be rectangular. It is practical for each rectangular photovoltaic panel to be one size smaller than the window.

The inventor of the present application also proposes an arrangement structure of solar power generation panels in a solar-powered plant factory as one aspect of the present invention. The effect of the arrangement structure of the solar power generation panel is the same as the effect of the solar-powered plant factory in the present invention.
The arrangement structure of a photovoltaic panel in a solar-powered plant factory as an example has a wall and a roof that isolate the interior from the external environment, and at least the roof is made of a material that transmits sunlight. A layout structure of a photovoltaic panel in a solar-powered plant factory having a building, provided near the roof inside the building, including a plurality of photovoltaic panels, It is an arrangement structure.

The perspective view showing the appearance of the sunlight type plant factory in one embodiment of this application. The top view of a part of roof of the solar-powered plant factory shown in FIG. The side view which shows notionally the mounting structure of the photovoltaic power generation panel in the solar-powered plant factory shown in FIG. The top view which shows notionally the mounting structure of the solar power generation panel in the solar-powered plant factory shown in FIG. The side view which shows notionally the other attachment structure of the solar power generation panel in the solar-powered plant factory shown in FIG.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The solar-powered plant factory (hereinafter, simply referred to as “plant factory”) in this embodiment has a building 1.
The building 1 has an indoor space inside, and has a function of isolating the indoor space from the external environment. The building 1 itself may be the same as the structure of the conventional solar-powered plant factory, and is not limited to this, but in this embodiment, it is. In the indoor space inside the building 1, the plants to be cultivated in the plant factory are cultivated. The method of cultivating the plant performed in the building 1 may be the same as the conventional one, but is not limited to this, but in this embodiment, the conventional method of cultivating the plant is followed. For example, the method of cultivating the plant may be hydroponic culture, soil culture, or other solid medium culture. Inside the building 1, there are facilities necessary for cultivating plants depending on the cultivation method, but except for the photovoltaic power generation panel and the facilities related thereto, which will be described later, it is necessary for cultivating plants. Those equipments that are the same as those of the conventional equipment may be used. Although not limited to this, the facilities in this embodiment follow the conventional ones.
The building 1 includes a wall 11 and a roof 12. The wall 11 and the roof 12 are supported by columns and beams (not shown). Sunlight transmitted through the wall 11 or the roof 12 is incident on the indoor space inside the building 1. The wall 11 may also be transparent, but at least a part of the roof 12 is transparent so that sunlight can be guided into the interior space of the building 1 through the roof 12. The wall 11 is provided with an openable/closable door 11a for entering and leaving the indoor space of the building 1.
Although the roof 12 is a gable type in this embodiment, the shape of the roof 12 is not limited to this, and for example, a well-known or well-known shape such as a hipped roof, a saw roof, a flat roof, and a one-sided roof is adopted. be able to.

In this embodiment, most of the roof 12 is transparent. The roof 12 in this embodiment is configured as shown in the enlarged view of FIG.
The roof 12 includes a frame material 13. The frame member 13 is made of metal. The frame member 13 is a rod-shaped member that is a plurality of rod-shaped members arranged in parallel with each other in a direction along the maximum inclination direction of the roof 12, and a horizontal direction that is orthogonal to the inclined rod-shaped member 13a. , And a horizontal rod-shaped member 13b which is a rod-shaped member arranged in parallel with each other.
Although not limited to this, in this embodiment, the intervals between the adjacent slant rod-shaped members 13 a are all the same in all parts of the roof 12. In addition, although not limited to this, in this embodiment, the intervals between the adjacent horizontal rod-shaped members 13b are all the same in all parts of the roof 12. The frame member 13 has a large number of rectangular windows 13c arranged vertically and horizontally in a grid pattern and surrounded by two adjacent inclined bar members 13a and two adjacent horizontal bar members 13b. Will be formed. The size and shape of each window 13c are not limited to this, but are the same in this embodiment.
A window member 14 is fitted in each window portion 13c. The window member 14 is made of a translucent plate or film. The window member 14 may be publicly known or well known. In the case of a plate, the window member 14 can be made of, for example, glass, acrylic, or another resin. In the case of a film, the window member 14 can be formed of, for example, vinyl chloride resin, polyethylene resin, or the like. The translucency that the window member 14 should have is, for example, 75% or more. The window member 14 in this embodiment has a size and a shape corresponding to each of the window portions 13c, and is fitted in each window portion 13c, and the window portion 13c is opened by, for example, a known method or a known appropriate method. It is fixed to the slanted rod-shaped member 13a and the horizontal rod-shaped member 13b that define it. However, the window member 14 does not need to be divided in units of the window portions 13c, and one window member 14 that is sized and shaped so as to straddle a plurality of adjacent window portions 13c may be a plurality of adjacent window portions 13c. The window portion 13c may be covered.

A plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels 110 are provided in the indoor space of the building 1. The solar power generation panel 110 is provided with a light receiving surface 111 on its upper surface, and receives light from the light receiving surface 111 to generate power. Since the photovoltaic panel 110 is used in the indoor space of the building 1, it does not require high weather resistance. The photovoltaic panel 110 that does not have high weather resistance can have a simple configuration such as a PV cell (photovoltaic cell) attached to an acrylic plate or other plastic plate. The surface of the plastic plate to which the PV cell is attached becomes the light receiving surface 111. Such a solar power generation panel 110 can be manufactured at low cost and is lighter than a general solar power generation panel. In this embodiment, but not limited to, all photovoltaic panels 110 are rectangular and plate-shaped. Of course, the four corners may be chamfered, or the plate may be a corrugated plate instead of a flat plate. Although not limited to this, all of the photovoltaic power generation panels 110 in this embodiment have light-receiving surfaces 111 having the same size and shape. Furthermore, although not limited to this, all the photovoltaic power generation panels 110 in this embodiment have the same configuration. The size and shape of the light receiving surface 111 of each photovoltaic power generation panel 110 substantially correspond to the size and shape of the window portion 13c in the roof 12, and are configured to be slightly smaller than that.
The plurality of photovoltaic panels 110 are arranged vertically and horizontally corresponding to the window members 14 on the roof 12, respectively. Each solar power generation panel 110 is arranged immediately below the window 13c. However, it is not required that the center of the light receiving surface 111 of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 be directly below the center of the window 13c. Each of the photovoltaic power generation panels 110 is arranged under each of the window portions 13c because the shadow of the frame material 13 around the window portions 13c falls on the light receiving surface 111 of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110. This is to prevent the power generation efficiency from decreasing. The sun moves from east to west during the day, and its altitude varies depending on the season. In consideration of such movement of the sun, the photovoltaic power generation panels 110 are arranged at positions where the reduction in the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 due to the shadow formed by the frame material 13 can be most suppressed. At least the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 should be positioned as close to the lower surface of the roof 12 as possible within a range in which a change in angle as will be described later is allowed. It is advantageous to prevent shadows from falling.

Although not limited to this, the photovoltaic power generation panel 100 in this embodiment can change their inclination in the north-south direction. The altitude of the sun changes depending on the season. By changing the inclination of the solar power generation panel 110 in the north-south direction, the orientation of the light receiving surface 111 of the solar power generation panel 110 can be made to follow the seasonal elevation change of the sun, and the sunlight hitting the light receiving surface 111 can be changed. It is possible to keep the angle as close to vertical as possible. Thereby, the power generation efficiency in the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 can be improved. The angle change of the solar power generation panel in the north-south direction may be continuous or may be batch-type such as every 24 hours or once a week.
In addition, although not limited to this, at least a plurality of the multiple photovoltaic panels 110 in this embodiment are configured such that their inclinations are collectively changed by driving one power unit. ing. More specifically, among the photovoltaic panels 110 in this embodiment, one row of photovoltaic panels in the direction of inclination of the roof 12 has its inclination changed collectively by driving one power unit. It is supposed to be done. However, the range of the photovoltaic panels 110 whose tilts are collectively changed by one power unit does not have to be one row of photovoltaic panels 110 in the tilt direction of the roof 12. For example, one row of solar power generation panels 110 arranged in the horizontal direction may be configured so that their inclinations can be collectively changed by one power unit, and 9 solar power generations of 3×3. The tilts of the panels 110 may be collectively changed by one power unit, and all the solar panels 110 may be collectively tilted by one power unit. It doesn't matter if it is like this.

An example of a mechanism for changing the angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 is schematically shown in FIGS. 3 is a side view and FIG. 4 is a plan view.
As described above, the photovoltaic panel 110 is directly below the roof 12. As shown in FIG. 3, in this example, six solar power generation panels 110 are arranged in the inclination direction of the roof 12. In this embodiment, the inclination angle of a set of six photovoltaic panels 110 arranged in the inclination direction of the roof 12 is collectively changed by one drive device described later. Of course, the mechanism shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 can also be adopted in other solar power generation panels 110 arranged in the inclination direction of the roof 12, and this is not always the case, but this is the case in this embodiment.

Each of the photovoltaic power generation panels 110 faces south, and the light receiving surface 111 thereof faces upward. Although not limited to this, the upper and lower sides of each rectangular photovoltaic power generation panel 110 are horizontal.
Each solar power generation panel 110 has an upper rod body 131, which is a rod-shaped body extending along the slope of the roof 12 on both outer sides of the upper side of the solar power generation panel 110, on each side surface immediately below the upper side thereof. Is supported. More specifically, the upper rod 131 and the solar power generation panel 110 are connected by a cylindrical upper shaft 132 that is rotatable with respect to each of the upper rod 131 and the solar power generation panel 110. ing. The upper shaft 132 serves as an axis, and the angle between the upper rod 131 and the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 when viewed from the side is changeable.
Each solar power generation panel 110 is a lower rod body that is a rod-shaped body that extends along the slope of the roof 12 on both sides of the lower side of the solar power generation panel 110 on both outer sides of the lower side of the solar power generation panel 110. It is supported by 133. More specifically, the lower rod body 133 and the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 are connected by a lower shaft 134 having a cylindrical shape that is rotatable with respect to each of the lower rod body 133 and the photovoltaic power generation panel 110. ing. The lower shaft 134 serves as an axis, and the angle between the lower rod 133 and the photovoltaic panel 110 when viewed from the side is changeable.

The upper rod body 131 and the lower rod body 133 are connected to the drive device 135. The drive device 135 can move at least one of the upper rod body 131 and the lower rod body 133 in the length direction thereof in accordance with an appropriate driving force such as hydraulic pressure. You can change the interval of. That is, the positions of the upper rod 131 and the lower rod 133 can be changed relative to each other in the longitudinal direction thereof, and the distance between them can be changed. There is.
For example, the position of the upper rod 131 is unchanged, but the position of the lower rod 133 can be changed in its length direction, and the distance between the upper rod 131 and the upper rod 131 can be changed. It has become. When the position of the lower rod body 133 is moved to the right in FIGS. 3 and 4, for example, the distance between the lower rod body 133 and the upper rod body 131 is expanded, and the lower rod body 133 is supported by the upper rod body 131 and the lower rod body 133. The photovoltaic panels 110 all stand up by the same angle. Conversely, when the position of the lower rod body 133 is moved to the left in FIGS. 3 and 4, for example, the distance between the lower rod body 133 and the upper rod body 131 is narrowed, and the upper rod body 131 and the lower rod body 133 are separated. The supported photovoltaic panels 110 all sleep at the same angle.
In this way, the tilt angles of a plurality of, in this example, six photovoltaic panels 110 can be collectively changed in the same manner by driving only one drive device 135.
If there is an upper rod 131 or a lower rod 133 whose position is invariable, it does not need to be fixed to the drive device 135 and may be directly or indirectly through another member. It can be fixed to the building 1. Further, the driving device 135 does not have to be arranged inside the building 1, and may be provided outside the building 1.

The change of the angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 can be achieved not only by the mechanism shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 but also by the mechanism shown in the side view of FIG.
The side view of FIG. 5 is for changing the height in the vicinity of the corresponding apex (for example, the apex at the upper right of each solar panel 110 shown in FIG. 2) of the solar panel 110. It is a conceptual representation of the mechanism.
An upper right pulley 141, which is a pulley, is provided near the upper right of FIG. 3 of each photovoltaic panel 110. Above the upper right pulley of each photovoltaic power generation panel 110, two upper right pulleys 142, which are two pulleys, are provided. A wire or other linear member 143 is wound around the upper right pulley 141 and the upper right auxiliary pulley 142. The distal end of the linear body 143 is fixed to a fixed body 144 which is a predetermined object for fixing the distal end of the linear body 143, and the proximal end of the linear body 143 is wound around a drum 145. There is. The drum 145 is rotatable by a driving device (not shown), and is capable of winding or unwinding the filament body 143.
When the drum 145 winds the filament body 143, the length of the filament body 143 from the drum 145 to the fixed body 144 becomes shorter, and the position of each upper right auxiliary pulley 142 remains unchanged. The upper right pulley is pulled up, and the upper right portion of the photovoltaic panel 110 is pulled up. On the other hand, when the drum 145 unwinds the filament body 143, the length of the filament body 143 from the drum 145 to the fixed body 144 becomes long, and the position of each upper right auxiliary pulley 142 remains unchanged. The upper right pulley of the panel 110 is lowered, and the upper right portion of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 is lowered.
As a result, the upper right portion of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 can be collectively changed in the vertical position by driving the driving device (not shown). Depending on the path of the linear body 143, if such a method is adopted, all the upper right portions of the photovoltaic panels 110 under the roof 12 are collectively driven by one drive device. It can also be moved up and down.
The configuration shown in FIG. 5 is, for example, not only in the upper right corner of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 shown in FIG. Alternatively, it can be adopted at four locations near the four vertices of the photovoltaic panel 110. As a result, the upper and lower positions of the solar power generation panel 110, or the four corners of the solar power generation panel 110 can be collectively changed in the vertical direction by driving a driving device (not shown). become able to. If the former is adopted (the two vertices that do not move up and down may be simply hung by a linear body), it is possible to change the inclinations of the plurality of photovoltaic panels 110 in the north-south direction. If the latter is adopted, it becomes possible to freely change the inclination in the north-south direction and the inclination in the east-west direction of the plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels 110. When the latter is adopted, it is also possible to change the direction of the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel in accordance with the movement of the sun during the day.

The method of using the plant factory as described above is the same as the method of using the conventional plant factory. In the indoor space of the building 1, appropriate plants are cultivated.
On the other hand, the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 generates power. In a solar-powered plant factory, for example, electric power is required for nighttime lighting, air conditioning for indoor air conditioning, humidity adjustment, and the like. The power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 generating power can be used as power required for lighting, air conditioning, and the like. Of course, the electric power generated by the solar power generation panel 110 may be a target for power sale. This makes it possible to indirectly reduce the running cost of the plant factory.
Further, by arranging the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 under the roof 12 of the building 1, the following secondary effects are also produced. Providing the photovoltaic panel 110 below the roof 12 and above the plant to be cultivated allows the plant to be placed in the shadow produced by the photovoltaic panel 110. In addition, by blocking a part of the sunlight with the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 and converting a part of the energy of the sunlight received by the light receiving surface 111 of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 into electric power, the interior of the building 1 Can be cooled compared to when the photovoltaic panel 110 is not present. For example, in low-latitude regions such as Okinawa in Japan, when operating a plant factory, in order to suppress the harmful effects of excessive sunlight on the plants, a device for creating shadows falling on the plants (for example, cultivated plants) It is necessary to install a blind on the plant) and to cool the plant more strongly than usual. As described in the present invention, the solar power generation panel 110 is provided inside the building 1, particularly immediately below the roof 12, so that such a device does not need to be devised.
In addition, it is preferable that the solar panels 110 are connected in parallel. Generally, in a power generation facility having a large number of photovoltaic power generation panels 110, the large number of photovoltaic power generation panels 110 are arranged in series. This is a device for increasing the voltage of the electric power obtained by the power generation equipment having a large number of photovoltaic power generation panels 110. However, when a large number of solar panels 110 are connected in series and dirt is attached to the light receiving surface 111 of one of the solar panels 110 due to dead leaves or twigs (most sunlight In the case of the present invention in which the power generation panel 110 is in the indoor space of the building 1, such a situation is difficult to imagine), or dead leaves and twigs are placed on the window member 14 on the solar power generation panel 110 to stain the window member 14. When the solar cells adhere, the power generation capacity of the solar power generation panel 110 becomes lower than the power generation capacity of other solar power generation panels 110. When such a decrease in power generation occurs in one of the photovoltaic power generation panels 110 in a power generation facility in which a large number of photovoltaic power generation panels 110 are connected in series, the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 is connected to the other photovoltaic power generation panels 110 in series. The solar power generation panel 110 of the present invention functions as a resistance, so to speak, and tends to greatly affect the power generation capacity of the entire power generation facility. On the other hand, if all the photovoltaic panels 110 are connected in parallel, even if the photovoltaic capacity of one photovoltaic panel 110 is reduced, the photovoltaic panel 110 is It does not function as a resistance to the photovoltaic power generation panel 110, and its effect is that the amount of current output from the power generation equipment including a large number of photovoltaic power generation panels 110 is from the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 in which the amount of current has decreased. Since it is only reduced by the amount of decrease in the amount of current, the above-mentioned great influence does not occur. On the other hand, if it is desired to increase the voltage of the electric power obtained by the power generation equipment including a large number of solar power generation panels 110 connected in parallel, it is sufficient to include a booster device for increasing the voltage in the power generation equipment or provide the power generation equipment.

As described with reference to FIG. 5, the photovoltaic panel 110 can be hung using the filament 143. In particular, when the structure described in FIG. 5 is adopted in the four corners of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110, each photovoltaic power generation panel 110 can be tilted arbitrarily in the north-south direction or the east-west direction. Although not limited to the case where such a configuration is adopted, when the plurality of solar power generation panels 110 can change their inclinations in the east-west direction, the plurality of solar power generation panels 110 are In the morning and evening hours, by setting the light receiving surface 111 of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 in either the east or west direction to be vertical or substantially vertical, the light receiving surface 111 of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 may face the sun. May be. In this case, the light-receiving surface 111 of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 does not need to face exactly east or west exactly, and the light-receiving surface 111 is within 30 degrees (preferably within 15 degrees) in the horizontal direction from the direction of the sun. ) It is sufficient if it faces in the direction of. In the vertical or almost vertical photovoltaic power generation panel 110, the angle formed by the straight line along the maximum inclination direction of the light receiving surface 111 of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 and the vertical straight line is within 15 degrees (preferably within 10 degrees). That's enough. “Morning and evening” means a time zone of up to 15 degrees if the sun altitude (elevation angle) has a margin (up to 10 degrees if there is no margin). Such a configuration is useful for maintaining the power generation efficiency of each photovoltaic panel 110 even in the morning and evening hours. If such a configuration is adopted, the photovoltaic power generation panels 110 may be located at overlapping positions when viewed from the sun, but in order to maintain the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation panel 110 on the rear side to some extent. It is preferable that each solar power generation panel 110 be of a type that transmits sunlight.

Claims

A building that has a wall and a roof that isolate the interior from the external environment, and at least the roof is made of a material that transmits sunlight, and
A plurality of photovoltaic panels provided near the roof inside the building,
A solar-powered plant factory equipped with.
Each of the plurality of photovoltaic panels is adapted to change its inclination in at least north-south direction,
The solar-powered plant factory according to claim 1.
At least a plurality of the plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels are configured such that the inclination thereof can be collectively changed by driving one power unit,
The solar-powered plant factory according to claim 2.
The roof is a frame member composed of rod-shaped members arranged in a plurality of rows in the vertical and horizontal directions, and a window portion that is a rectangular range surrounded by four sides of the rod-shaped members present in a grid pattern in the frame member. Each is provided with a window member that is a film material or a plate material made of a material that transmits sunlight,
Each of the plurality of photovoltaic panels is smaller than the size of the window portion, and is arranged directly below the window portion,
The plant factory using sunlight according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
Each of the plurality of photovoltaic panels has a rectangular shape,
The solar-powered plant factory according to claim 4.
The plurality of solar panels can be changed in inclination in the east and west directions, and in the morning and evening hours, the solar panels are vertically oriented with the light receiving surface of the solar panels facing in either direction. Through being substantially vertical, the light receiving surface of the solar power generation panel is arranged to face the sun,
The solar-powered plant factory according to claim 1.
Arrangement structure of photovoltaic panels in a solar-powered plant factory, which has a wall and a roof for isolating the inside from the external environment, and at least the roof has a building made of a material that transmits sunlight. And
Provided near the roof inside the building, including a plurality of photovoltaic panels,
Layout structure of photovoltaic panels.