JPS5816110B2 - solar heating and cooling equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses an absorption refrigeration system that operates using solar heat as a heat source to effectively collect solar heat and heat a room during seasons when heating is required.

Conventional air conditioning systems that utilize solar heat circulate a heat medium such as water through a solar collector, extract heat as sensible heat, and use this heat to supply an absorption refrigerator during the cooling season. Some systems perform air conditioning by evaporating the refrigerant using heat, while during the heating season, the heat collected by a solar collector is transported as sensible heat of the heating medium, and the heat is radiated by an indoor radiator to perform heating. .

FIG. 1 shows an example of a conventional heating and cooling system.

1 is a solar heat collector 1. 2 is a hot water circulation pump, 3 is a water bromide resume absorption chiller, 4 is a heated hot water inlet of the absorption chiller, 5 is a heated hot water outlet, and 6 is an absorption type absorption chiller. The outlet of the cold water produced by the refrigerator 3 is the return port of the cold water.

Further, 9, 10, 11°, 12, 13, and 14 are valves, and 8 is an indoor heat exchanger.

When cooling, valves 9 and 10 are closed, and valves 11.1 and 11.1 are closed.
2, 13, and 14 are opened, the hot water heated by solar heat activates the absorption refrigerator 3, and the cold water comes out from the outlet 6 and passes through the indoor heat exchanger 8, where the room is cooled.

For heating, when valves 11, 12, 13, and 14 are closed and valves 9 and 10 are opened, the hot water heated by solar heat is led to the indoor heat exchanger 8 to heat the room, and the water whose temperature has decreased is is returned to the solar heat collector 1 by the pump 2.

However, in this type of air conditioning system, the generator of the absorption chiller is heated via hot water for cooling, which requires heated water that is at least 10°C higher than the temperature required by the generator, which also increases heat loss. Not only that, but additional auxiliary power such as a hot water circulation pump is required.

As an example of solving this problem, it has been considered to directly use a solar heat collector as a generator for an absorption refrigerator.

FIG. 2 shows an absorption refrigerator based on this principle.

15 is a solar heat collector, which is also a generator for an absorption refrigerator.

16 is a gas-liquid separator, 17 is a condenser, 18 is an expansion valve, 19
The evaporator 20 is an absorber, 21 is a liquid circulation pump, and 22 is a solution heat exchanger.

To explain its operation, when a concentrated solution containing a large amount of refrigerant flows into the generator 15 from below, the temperature rises due to solar radiation, evaporates the refrigerant gas, and the liquid becomes a dilute solution.

The refrigerant gas and the solution are separated in the gas-liquid separator 16, the refrigerant gas passes through the pipe 23 to the condenser 17, or is cooled with air and liquefied, and the liquefied refrigerant is led into the room and expanded. , the refrigerant liquid evaporates, and its latent heat of vaporization exchanges heat with indoor air in the evaporator 19 to cool the room.

The evaporated gas refrigerant is then led to the absorber 20.

On the other hand, the dilute solution separated in the gas-liquid separator 16 is transferred to the pipe 2
4 and enters the solution heat exchanger 22.

This is to exchange heat between the cold concentrated solution sent to the generator 15 and the hot diluted solution, and the diluted solution is cooled and sent to the absorber 20.
to go into.

This dilute solution absorbs the refrigerant gas and becomes a concentrated solution, but at the same time it generates heat and is cooled by water or air, so the temperature of the concentrated solution is close to that of water or air.

Also, since the pressure inside the absorber 20 is lower than that inside the generator 15, in order to send this concentrated solution to the generator 15, a circulation pump 2 is required.
1 is required.

The liquid exiting the liquid circulation pump 21 is heated in the solution heat exchanger 22 and sent to the generator 15, completing one cycle.

This absorption chiller has the advantage of making effective use of heat and requiring only a liquid circulation pump as auxiliary power, but it is a cooling system and cannot be used for heating purposes during the heating season. Can not.

However, by reversing the condenser and evaporator of a compression type air conditioner, it can be used as a heat pump for heating.
It is not impossible to use the above-mentioned absorption type device in a similar manner.

However, during the seasons when heating is needed, the sun's heat is weak and the temperature is low, so the temperature of the generator does not rise sufficiently, making it difficult to operate satisfactorily.

The present invention improves this point and improves the solar heat absorption cooling device that directly circulates a refrigerant solvent mixture solution to a solar heat collector so that solar heat is efficiently transported indoors during the heating season to perform heating. It is.

As a configuration for this purpose, the present invention uses an absorption refrigeration system having a structure in which a mixed solution of a refrigerant and a solvent is directly circulated through a solar heat collector, and a refrigerant gas is separated from this mixed solution using solar heat. A passage connecting the refrigerant gas conduit of the collector to the indoor heat exchanger and a passage connecting the other end of the indoor heat exchanger to the inlet of the collector are formed, and these passages are connected to the condenser and the absorber. A valve is provided to shut off a passage leading to the condenser, and a means for operating the refrigerant supplied from the condenser as a working medium is provided.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 3 showing one embodiment thereof.

25 is a heat collector/gas generator that collects solar heat, 26 is a gas-liquid separator, 27 is a condenser, 28 is an expansion valve, 29 is an indoor heat exchanger, 30 is an absorber, 31 is a liquid feed pump, 32 is a heat exchanger, 33 is a valve provided between the refrigerant gas passage 41 and the condenser 27, 36 is a valve provided between the indoor heat exchanger 29 and the absorber 300, and 37 is the gas-liquid separator 26 and the heat exchanger. A valve 38 is provided between the heat exchanger 32 and the heat collector/gas generator 250, and a valve 39 bypasses the liquid feed pump 31.

40 is a liquid feeding pump installed in the passage 43 connecting the indoor heat exchanger 29 and the heat collector/gas generator 25;
This is a valve installed in the

The operation during cooling is exactly the same as shown in FIG. It enters the generator 25 and generates refrigerant gas.

The refrigerant gas passes through the gas-liquid separator 26 and the passage 41. During cooling, the valve 34 is closed and the valve 33 is opened. As a result, the refrigerant gas enters the condenser 27 and is liquefied, and then flows through the expansion valve 28 to the indoor heat exchanger 29. enter.

Then, when the valve 35 is closed and the valve 36 is opened, the evaporated refrigerant gas enters the absorber 30 through the valve 36.

On the other hand, the dilute solution that has released gas passes through the valve 37 and passes through the heat exchanger 3.
2 and enters absorber 30 to close the cycle.

Note that the valve 39 that bypasses the liquid feed pump 31 is closed.

Next, when operation is performed with the expansion valve 28 closed during a relatively warm period when air conditioning is no longer necessary, refrigerant accumulates in the condenser 27.

A refrigerant reservoir may be provided in the condenser 27 if necessary.

When the required amount of refrigerant is stored, the valve 33 is closed, the liquid feed pump 31 is stopped, and the valve 39 is opened, so that the solution in the heat collector/gas generator 25 flows back into the absorber 30.

When the solution has completely flowed back, valve 36.37.
38 and open valves 34.35.

In this way, the heat collector and gas generator 25, the gas-liquid separator 2
6. A closed circuit of passages 41, 42, valve 34, indoor heat exchanger 29, passage 43, liquid feed pump 40, and valve 35 is completed.

In the season when heating is required, firstly, if the valve 28 is opened wide and the liquid feed pump 40 is operated, the refrigerant liquid in the condenser 27 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 29, and the liquid feed pump 40 is operated without evaporation.
is sent to a heat collector/gas generator 25.

When the required amount of refrigerant liquid enters this passage, the valve 28 is closed, and the refrigerant liquid sent to the collector/gas generator is then evaporated by solar heat, and the evaporated gas passes through the passage 4L42 for indoor heat exchange. The liquefied refrigerant that flows into the container 29 and liquefies by releasing the heat of condensation is sent to the collector/gas generator 25 again by the liquid feed pump 40.

This cycle is very efficient because heat is transported by the latent heat of the heating medium.

As is clear from the above explanation, outdoor passage (piping) 4
L42, 43, etc. need to be insulated.

Although the liquid feed pump 40 is used in the above embodiment, since the pressure of the entire system is almost constant during heating operation,
Not only is there no need for something that operates at a high pressure difference like the liquid feed pump 31 during cooling (if the heat collector/gas generator 25 is located lower than the indoor heat exchanger 29, no pump is needed.

Naturally, it is also conceivable to use the liquid feed pump 31.

Further, in the above embodiments, it has been explained that during the heating cycle, the working fluid is only the refrigerant gas and the liquefied refrigerant, but this is not necessarily necessary, and the fact that a small amount of solvent remains is not a hindrance.

As is clear from the above embodiments, the solar air conditioning system of the present invention does not require replacing the liquid medium used for cooling, and can be used for heating by operating the valve, and is different from ordinary solar water heating. Since the latent heat of the heating medium is used, heat loss is very small, and even a small amount of heating medium is circulated, a large heating effect can be achieved.The power consumption of the liquid circulation pump is also low, making it an extremely efficient heating and cooling system. It will be done.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are block diagrams of a conventional solar heating and cooling system, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a solar heating and cooling system showing an embodiment of the present invention. 25... Heat collector and gas generator, 26...
・Gas-liquid separator, 27... Condenser, 28...
... Closable expansion valve, 29 ... One-room heat exchanger, 30 ... - Absorber, 31.40 ... Liquid feed pump, 32 ... heat exchanger, 33.34,3
5, 36, 37, 38, 39...Valve, 41, 4
3...Aisle.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Using an absorption refrigeration system that has a structure in which a mixed solution of a refrigerant and a solvent is directly circulated through a solar heat collector, and the refrigerant gas is separated from this mixed solution using solar heat, the refrigerant gas conduit of the collector is used during heating operation. , a valve forming a passage connecting to an indoor heat exchanger and a passage connecting the other end of the indoor heat exchanger to the inlet of the heat collector, and blocking these passages from passages leading to the condenser and the absorber; A solar heating and cooling system comprising: and means for operating using a refrigerant supplied from the condenser as a working medium.