JPH0744917Y2 - Absorption chiller / heater device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to an absorption chiller-heater apparatus, and more particularly to an absorption chiller-heater apparatus that operates a heat pump during heating.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as an absorption type chiller-heater device, for example, the one shown in FIG. 4 is known. In the device shown,
During cooling, the cooling / heating switching valve 30 is closed, and the cold water cooled by the heat of evaporation being taken by the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 11 in accordance with the normal absorption refrigeration cycle passes through the cold / hot water pipe 25. A pump 26 guides the indoor heat exchangers 1A to 1D in each room to cool each room.

During heating, the cooling / heating switching valve 30 is opened, and the solution heated in the regenerator 14 and the refrigerant vapor evaporated from the solution are cooled / heating switching valve.
It is led to the evaporator 11 via 30. The refrigerant vapor that has flowed in on the coil surface in the evaporator 11 is condensed, and heats the water in the coil. The water in the coil, which has deprived the heat of the refrigerant vapor, becomes hot water, flows through the cold / hot water pipe 25, and is guided to the indoor heat exchanger in each room to heat each room as in the case of cooling. During heating, the cooling water pump 27 is stopped and cooling water does not flow into the absorption chiller-heater 18. In this method, the indoor heat exchanger 1A ~
Cold water flows into 1D during cooling and hot water during heating through the same cold / hot water pipe.

FIG. 5 shows an example of another known technique using a heat pump. In this device, the indoor heat exchanger is divided into indoor heat exchangers 1E and 1F for cooling and indoor heat exchangers 1G and 1K for heating. The cold water cooled by the evaporator 11 is supplied to the indoor heat exchangers 1E, 1F for cooling through the cold water pipe 6 by the cold water pump 5 to cool each room. To the indoor heat exchangers 1G and 1K for heating, the hot water heated by the absorber 13 and the condenser 12 is supplied by the hot water pump 9 through the hot water pipe 10.
Each room is heated. Further, the excess heat amount at this time is radiated by the cooling tower 40.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

However, in such a conventional technique, a structure for switching between cooling and heating by opening / closing the cooling / heating switching valve 30 and starting / stopping the hot water pump 9, and two systems in which the indoor heat exchanger is divided into cooling only and heating only Since the piping system and the cooling water in the cooling operation are used for heating, there are the following problems.

First, in the structure shown in FIG. 4, all indoor heat exchangers are uniformly switched to cooling or heating in response to a request for cooling or heating on the indoor side, and it is not possible to arbitrarily switch between cooling and heating in each room.

Further, in the configuration shown in FIG. 5, although cooling and heating can be arbitrarily switched for each room, since the heat exchangers for cooling and heating are dedicated respectively, the number of indoor heat exchangers is Four
In addition to requiring twice as much as in the case of the structure shown in the figure, the length of piping for cold and hot water is also required twice, resulting in higher equipment costs.

Further, in the configuration of FIG. 5 in which cooling and heating can be selected for each room, the heating operation of the heat pump cannot be performed when the cooling load in each room is eliminated.

An object of the present invention is to enable simultaneous cooling and heating operation using an absorption chiller-heater while suppressing cost increase.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The above problems, an absorption chiller-heater that generates and supplies cold water and hot water, an indoor heat exchanger that performs cooling and heating using the cold water and hot water, and a cold water circuit that circulates the cold water to the indoor heat exchanger. An absorption type chiller-heater device including a hot water circuit for circulating the hot water to the indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat absorbing unit provided in the cold water circuit for absorbing cold water from the outside, and provided in the hot water circuit An outdoor heat dissipation unit that radiates hot water to the outside and either the cold water circuit or the hot water circuit can be arbitrarily switched and connected to the indoor heat exchanger, and the circuit on the side not connected to the indoor heat exchanger can be bypassed. And a switching four-way valve configured to.

The above-mentioned problem is also that the outdoor heat dissipation unit and the outdoor heat absorption unit are mounted on the side passages formed in the hot water circuit and the cold water circuit, respectively, and one of the outlets is provided at the upstream side branch portion of the side passage. It is also achieved by the absorption chiller-heater device according to claim 1, wherein a three-way valve is provided at the upstream end of the side passage.

The above-mentioned problem is also provided with a hot water temperature sensor that detects the hot water temperature of the hot water circuit, and a cold water temperature sensor that detects the cold water temperature of the cold water circuit, and the three-way valve and the cold water circuit provided in the hot water circuit are provided. The three-way valve has an opening adjusted according to the outputs of the hot water temperature sensor and the cold water temperature sensor, respectively.

The above-mentioned problem also reduces the exhaust heat of the heat source of the absorption chiller-heater,
The means for guiding to the outdoor heat absorbing unit is provided.
It is also achieved by the absorption chiller-heater device according to any one of items 1 to 3.

The above-mentioned subject is further achieved by the absorption chiller-heater device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the absorption chiller-heater is a double-effect absorption chiller-heater.

[Action]

Cold water is produced by the refrigerant evaporating in the evaporator of the absorption chiller-heater, by removing the heat of evaporation from the cold water. On the other hand, the hot water is generated by being given heat by the condenser and / or the absorber of the absorption chiller-heater. When the amount of refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator is increased, the amount of cold water produced is increased, and the amount of hot water produced accordingly is also increased.

When the amount of heat consumed for heating is smaller than the amount of heat supplied, the temperature of the hot water circulating in the absorption chiller-heater does not drop to a predetermined temperature. In this case, the outdoor heat radiating unit radiates the hot water, and the hot water temperature drops to a predetermined temperature. This does not hinder the extraction of heat from the absorber and the condenser.

When the amount of cold heat consumed for cooling is smaller than the amount of cold heat supplied, the temperature of the cold water flowing back to the absorption chiller-heater does not rise to a predetermined temperature. In this case, the outdoor heat absorbing unit absorbs the cold water, and the cold water temperature rises to a predetermined temperature. This does not hinder the heat supply in the evaporator.

The indoor heat exchanger is connected to the cold water circuit and the hot water circuit via the switching four-way valve, and by operating the switching four-way valve, it is possible to connect to both the cold water circuit and the hot water circuit,
Since the circuit on the side not connected to the indoor heat exchanger is bypassed, hot water or cold water can be circulated in this circuit as well, and heat supply to the absorber, evaporator, and condenser of the absorption chiller-heater, It does not hinder the removal.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First
FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a main configuration of an absorption chiller-heater system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The absorption chiller-heater device shown in the figure is a single-effect absorption chiller-heater 18, and indoor heat exchangers 1A to 1D connected to the absorption chiller-heater 18 by a chilled water circuit 6 and a warm-water circuit 10. Of the outdoor heat absorption unit 4 installed in the cold water circuit 6, the outdoor heat dissipation unit 8 installed in the hot water circuit 10, the cold water circuit 6 and the hot water circuit 10, and the indoor heat exchangers 1A to 1D. Switched four-way valve 2A-2D mounted between
It is configured to include and. The switching four-way valves 2A to 2D referred to here have eight actual pipe connection ports.
It is called a four-way valve because each of them forms a pair and serves as four sets of connection ports.

The absorption chiller-heater 18 is a regenerator 14 that heats the dilute solution introduced through the dilute solution pipe 23 to generate a refrigerant vapor, and a refrigerant generated in the regenerator 14 that is provided in connection with the regenerator 14. A condenser 12 that condenses and liquefies vapor into a liquid refrigerant, and an evaporator 11 that evaporates the liquid refrigerant on a coil installed inside the condenser 12 and cools the water in the installed coil. The evaporator
An absorber 13 connected to 11 to absorb the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator 11 into a concentrated solution introduced from a regenerator 14 through a concentrated solution pipe 24 to generate a dilute solution, the absorber 13 and the regenerator. A solution heat exchanger 15 that is connected to 14 and exchanges heat between the dilute solution produced in the absorber 13 and the concentrated solution delivered from the regenerator 14.
A solution pump 16 for feeding the dilute solution from the absorber 13 to the regenerator 14, which is interposed in the dilute solution pipe 23; and the freeze prevention which connects the concentrated solution pipe 24 and the evaporator 11 via the freeze prevention valve 19. Piping
25 and an evaporator temperature sensor 22 that detects the temperature of the refrigerant vapor in the evaporator 11. Further, the coil 11A incorporated in the evaporator 11 is connected to the cold water circuit 6. A coil 13A for cooling water that removes absorbed heat is installed in the absorber 13, and the outlet of the coil 13A is a condenser.
It is connected to the inlet of a coil 12A for cooling water for cooling the refrigerant vapor contained in 12.

The hot water circuit 10 has one end connected to the outlet of the coil 12A to supply hot water to the indoor heat exchanger, and the other end connected to the coil 13A to the coil 13A to flow hot water that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger. And the piping of. At the other end of this high temperature side pipe and the other end of the low temperature side pipe, the switching four-way valve
2A to 2D are connected in parallel. In addition, a hot water three-way valve 7 is inserted in the low temperature side pipe so that the inlet is located on the side of the switching four-way valves 2A to 2D. One outlet is the inlet of the hot water pump 9 and the other outlet is the outdoor heat radiation. It is also connected to the inlet of the hot water pump 9 via the unit 8. In the pipe connecting the outlet of the hot water pump 9 and the inlet of the coil 13A,
A hot water temperature sensor 21 for detecting the temperature of hot water in the pipe is mounted.

The cold water circuit 6 has one end connected to the outlet side of the coil 11A and a pipe on the low temperature side for sending cold water to the indoor heat exchanger,
One end is connected to the inlet side of the coil 11A and is composed of a high temperature side pipe for sending hot water that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger to the coil 11A. The switching four-way valves 2A to 2D are connected in parallel to the other end of the high temperature side pipe and the other end of the low temperature side pipe. In addition, a cold water three-way valve 3 is inserted in the high temperature side pipe so that the inlet is located on the side of the switching four-way valves 2A to 2D, and one outlet is an inlet of the cold water pump 5 and the other outlet is an outdoor heat absorber. It is also connected to the inlet of the cold water pump 5 via the unit 4. The outlet of the cold water pump 5 is the coil 11A.
Is connected to the entrance of. A cold water temperature sensor 20 for detecting the temperature of cold water in the pipe is attached to the pipe on the low temperature side. Further, an exhaust heat pipe 17 is provided which is connected to the regenerator 14 and guides the exhaust heat of the regenerator 14 to the outdoor heat absorbing unit 4.

The switching four-way valves 2A to 2D correspond to the indoor heat exchangers 1A to 1D, respectively, and connect either the hot water circuit 10 or the cold water circuit 6 to the corresponding indoor heat exchanger, and the circuit on the other side is not connected. The low temperature side and high temperature side pipes are configured to communicate with each other.

The antifreezing valve 19 is controlled to open and close based on the output of the evaporator temperature sensor 22, and controls the amount of the concentrated solution sent to the evaporator in order to prevent the refrigerant from freezing in the evaporator. The chilled water three-way valve 3 controls the amount of bypass to the outdoor heat absorbing unit 4 by the output of the chilled water temperature sensor 20 which detects the temperature of the chilled water flowing in the pipe on the low temperature side of the chilled water circuit 6. The hot water three-way valve 7 controls the amount of bypass to the outdoor heat dissipation unit 8 by the output of the hot water temperature sensor 21 that detects the temperature of hot water flowing in the pipe on the low temperature side of the hot water circuit 10.

Next, the operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. 1 in the case where all the indoor heat exchangers are used for cooling.

The cold water cooled by the evaporator 11 is supplied by the cold water pump 5 to the indoor heat exchangers 1A to 1D in each room. At this time, the cold water three-way valve 3 is controlled so as not to bypass the cold water on the high temperature side to the outdoor heat absorbing unit 4. Further, the heat generated in the condenser 12 and the absorber 13 of the absorption chiller-heater 18 is removed by the hot water flowing in the hot water circuit 10, and the hot water flows into the hot water three-way valve 7 via the switching four-way valves 2A to 2D. To do. The hot water three-way valve 7 is controlled so as to guide the inflowing hot water to the outdoor heat radiating unit 8, and the heat generated by the hot water in the condenser 12 and the absorber 13 is released in the outdoor heat radiating unit 8. At this time, switching four-way valve 2A-2D
1 is operated, the cold water is guided to the indoor heat exchanger side, and the hot water bypasses the indoor heat exchanger and flows into the hot water three-way valve 7 as it is. The indoor load is detected by the cold water temperature sensor 20, and the input (heating amount) to the regenerator 14 is controlled according to the load.

FIG. 2 shows a case where all the indoor heat exchangers are used for heating. At this time, the switching four-way valves 2A to 2D are operated so as to connect the hot water circuit 10 to each indoor heat exchanger, and the cold water circuit is bypassed. Absorber 13, condenser 1
The hot water heated in 2 is supplied to the indoor heat exchangers 1A to 1D by the hot water pump 9, and the hot water three-way valve 7 is operated so as not to bypass the hot water to the outdoor heat dissipation unit 8. All the cold water in the cold water circuit 6 bypasses the indoor heat exchangers 1A to 1D, and all the cold water flowing into the cold water three-way valve 3 is taken into the outdoor heat absorption unit 4.
It is operated to bypass. That is, the cold water absorbs external heat in the outdoor heat absorption unit 4, and the heat is evaporated.
At 11 it is released as heat of vaporization of the refrigerant. At this time, the exhaust heat after being used for heating the regenerator 14 is guided to the outdoor heat absorbing unit 4 through the exhaust heat pipe 17 and used for absorbing the cold water. At this time, it becomes heat pump heating, and the heating capacity increases by the amount of heat input from the outside. Indoor heating load is hot water temperature sensor
21 detected, input to regenerator 14 (heat amount)
Is controlled according to the load.

When the refrigerant evaporation temperature in the evaporator 11 decreases and approaches the refrigerant freezing temperature, the evaporator temperature sensor 22 detects it, the antifreezing valve 19 is opened and the concentrated solution is mixed in the cooling of the evaporator 11, Freezing of the refrigerant is prevented.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which the indoor heat exchanger is used for cooling and heating. When the cooling / heating ratio of the indoor load request matches the cooling / heating capacity ratio of the absorption chiller / heater 18, the cold water three-way valve 3 does not bypass the cold water to the outdoor heat absorbing unit 4, and
The hot water three-way valve 7 can also operate the absorption chiller-heater 18 without bypassing hot water to the outdoor heat dissipation unit 8. At this time, neither the outdoor heat absorbing unit 4 nor the outdoor heat radiating unit 8 need be operated. As described above, in the state where the cooling / heating ratio of the indoor load request matches the cooling / heating capacity ratio of the absorption chiller / heater 18, if the absolute value of the indoor load request decreases, the regenerator
Only the input to 14 is controlled and there is no hindrance to operation.

When the cooling / heating ratio of the indoor load request does not match the cooling / heating capacity ratio of the absorption chiller / heater 18, for example, when the heating ratio is high,
The cold water temperature sensor 20 detects that the cold water temperature has dropped, and the cold water three-way valve 3 is operated so as to bypass the cold water to the outdoor heat absorbing unit 4. The chilled water bypassed by the outdoor heat absorption unit 4 absorbs heat from the outside, so that the amount of heat insufficient for heating is supplemented. On the contrary, when the cooling ratio is high, the hot water temperature sensor 21 detects that the hot water temperature has risen, and the hot water three-way valve 7 radiates the hot water to the outdoor heat dissipation unit 8.
It is operated to bypass. Outdoor heat dissipation unit 8
By radiating the hot water bypassed to the outside,
The amount of heat extracted in excess for cooling is released.

With the above operation, the device can be operated without any trouble even if the ratio of cooling and heating changes.

The indoor heat exchanger may be a conventional fan coil type, but it is more effective to use a radiant heat exchanger, which may have a relatively high cold water temperature or a low hot water temperature. Further, if the air-cooling absorbing liquid capable of relatively high temperature cooling is used as the absorbing liquid, it becomes more effective for the fan coil type.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the cooling / heating piping system equipment is one system, and the heating / cooling of the indoor heat exchanger can be arbitrarily selected, and the simultaneous cooling / heating operation can be performed, thereby reducing the equipment cost. Became possible. Further, even when the cooling / heating ratio of the load does not match the cooling / heating output ratio of the absorption chiller-heater, the heat balance is adjusted by the outdoor heat radiation unit or the outdoor heat absorption unit, and the device can be operated without trouble. Further, since the exhaust heat of the regenerator is supplied to the outdoor heat absorbing unit during heating of the heat pump, the heat absorbing condition is improved, and the outdoor heat absorbing unit is miniaturized.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the present invention is applied to the single-effect absorption chiller-heater, but it is also applicable to the case where the double-effect absorption chiller-heater is used.

[Effect of device]

According to the present invention, in a cooling / heating device using an absorption chiller / heater having a chilled water circuit and a chilled water circuit separately provided, an outdoor heat absorption unit for absorbing the chilled water of the chilled water circuit from the outside is provided, and the chilled water of the chilled water circuit is externally supplied. Since an outdoor heat dissipation unit for heat dissipation is provided and the cold water circuit and hot water circuit are connected to the indoor heat exchanger via a switching four-way valve, simultaneous operation of cooling and heating of the absorption type hot and cold water machine is possible, and the same indoor heat exchanger is used. It is possible to supply and cool either cold water or hot water by arbitrarily switching and supplying each of the indoor heat exchangers.

[Brief description of drawings]

1, 2 and 3 are system diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are system diagrams showing examples of the prior art. 1A ~ 1D ... indoor heat exchanger, 2A ~ 2D ... switching four-way valve, 3 ...
… Cold water three-way valve, 4 ... Outdoor heat absorption unit, 6 ... Cold water circuit, 7 ... Hot water three-way valve, 8 ... Outdoor heat dissipation unit, 10 ...
… Hot water circuit, 11 …… Evaporator, 12 …… Condenser, 13 …… Absorber, 14 …… Regenerator, 17 …… Exhaust heat pipe, 18 …… Absorption type cold / hot water machine, 20 …… Cold water temperature sensor, 21 …… Hot water temperature sensor.

Claims (5)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An absorption chiller-heater that produces and supplies cold water and hot water, an indoor heat exchanger that performs cooling and heating using the cold water and hot water, and a cold water circuit that circulates the cold water to the indoor heat exchanger. In an absorption chiller-heater device including a hot water circuit for circulating the hot water to the indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat absorbing unit provided in the cold water circuit for absorbing cold water from the outside, and provided in the hot water circuit An outdoor heat dissipation unit that radiates hot water to the outside and either the cold water circuit or the hot water circuit can be arbitrarily switched and connected to the indoor heat exchanger, and the circuit on the side not connected to the indoor heat exchanger can be bypassed. And a switching four-way valve configured to operate. 2. The outdoor heat dissipating unit and the outdoor heat absorbing unit are mounted on side passages formed in the hot water circuit and the cold water circuit, respectively, and one of the outlets is provided at the upstream side branch portion of the side passage. The absorption-type chiller-heater device according to claim 1, further comprising a three-way valve which is an upstream end of the passage. 3. A hot water temperature sensor for detecting the hot water temperature of the hot water circuit, and a cold water temperature sensor for detecting the cold water temperature of the cold water circuit, and a three-way valve provided in the hot water circuit and a three-way valve provided in the cold water circuit. The absorption type cold / hot water machine device according to claim 2, wherein the valve has an opening adjusted according to the outputs of the hot water temperature sensor and the cold water temperature sensor, respectively. 4. An absorption-type cold / hot temperature according to claim 1, further comprising means for guiding exhaust heat of a heat source of the absorption-type chiller / heater to an outdoor heat-absorbing unit. Water equipment. 5. The absorption chiller-heater device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the absorption chiller-heater is a double-effect absorption chiller-heater.