JPS58160036A - Clamping and unclamping device for tools - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to dispense with a specific actuator by a method wherein in the case of a tool attachment and detachment device of a horizontal MC spindle head, the clamping and unclamping of a tool inserted into a vertical head are performed only by the movement of the spindle head. CONSTITUTION:The mounting of the spindle head 5 on the vertical head 21 is done in the following manner; a vertical head holding member is transferred by a cylinder means, the spindle head 5 is lowered so that the axis of the head 5 coincides with the axis of the head 21, the head 21 is moved forward, a drive shaft 29 is connected to the head 5 by means of the clamping device within a spindle 6 and the head 5 is moved backward. Further, the displacement of the tool within the head 21 is done in the following manner; the spindle head 5 is moved forward, the head 31a of a drawbar 31 is pushed down by an inclined spindle 36 of the upper part of an unclamping slide member 22 to thereby keep the tool unclamped, a tool T held by a tool holding means is caused to lie right below the head 21 by a cylinder means, the spindle head 5 is lowered to insert the tool T into a tool receiving part 38 in a vertical spindle 27 and then the tool T is clamped by moving the spindle head 5 backward.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for clamping or unclamping a tool inserted into a vertical spindle of a vertical head that is removably attached to the spindle head of a machine tool, particularly a horizontal machining center.

The object of the present invention is to clamp and unclamp a tool inserted into the vertical spindle of a vertical head by the horizontal movement of the spindle head, and allow the spindle head to move up and down while the tool is unclamped, allowing the attachment and detachment of the tool. This is because the movement of the spindle head was used to move row 5 to 5K.

In a horizontal machining center with a horizontal spindle, the side surface of the workpiece can be machined, but the top surface cannot be machined, so a vertical head with a vertical spindle is attached to the spindle head only when machining the top surface.

With this machine, the tools on the vertical head cannot be automatically replaced and clamped or unclamped, so it is necessary to prepare multiple vertical heads equipped with the necessary tools, or to stop the machine and manually change the tools. Did it need to be replaced?

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems and provides an apparatus with improved work efficiency.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 is a bed, and 2 is a table slidably provided on the ped 1, which slides in the left-right direction in the drawings. 3 is a workpiece support table provided on the tape 2 so as to be rotatable in a plane. Reference numeral 4 denotes a column installed on the ped 1 so as to be movable forward and backward in the direction 3 on the workpiece support tape. This column 4 is provided with a vertically movable spindle head 5, and a spindle 6 is rotatably supported on the spindle head 5 on a horizontal axis. 7 is a tool magazine installed on the bed l on the side of the column 4, and the spindle ksK of the spindle head 5 is
A plurality of tools T coated with Ni and inserted into a vertical head 21 (to be described later) for processing the upper surface of a workpiece are housed. A carrier 8 constitutes a tool changing device for transferring and exchanging tools between the tool magazine 7 and the spindle 6 of the spindle head 5, and rotates around a rotation center 9 between the tool magazine 7 and the spindle 35. lO
is the tool change arm. Such a configuration is a horizontal machining center or a center, and when processing the upper surface of a workpiece with this horizontal machining center, it is necessary to attach the vertical head 21t to the main spindle head 5 having a vertical main axis. It is also necessary to automatically exchange tools on the vertical spindle of the vertical head B attached to the spindle head 5.

11 C is a vertical head holding device for that purpose, 1
2 is a tool gripping device, and K13 is a tool transfer device.

Vertical head holding device 11 +'! , a pace 14 is installed on the floor on the side of the ped l, and this base 14
Rail support 1 on the spindle in the direction perpendicular to the axis of 6
A holder 20Y is vertically installed on a movable base 15 that moves while being guided by a tray 18 laid through a holder 20Y, and a holder 20Y is installed vertically on a movable base 15 that moves while being guided by a tray 18 laid through a 7t. A KT-shaped guide in the direction parallel to the axis is provided, and the vertical head 4 is removably supported by the guide member 24. 5 is a stopper that regulates the support position of the vertical head B.Furthermore, A vertical guide surface 37 is provided on the vertical surface of the holding body from the upper end to the vicinity of the mounting position of the guide, and this guide surface 37 is guided by a K-shaped unclamping slide member n so as to be vertically slidable. This unclamping slide member 22 is provided with locking grooves μs at two positions, upper and lower, on its sliding surface, and is locked by a locking member 39 provided on the holder 20. It is a trap to be held in position.

In addition, the unclamping slide member n has an engaging protrusion cutout protruding from the lower end, and an inclined surface that comes into contact with and presses the drawbar island head 31g provided on the vertical head 21, which will be described later. is formed.

As shown in FIG. 4, the structure of the vertical head 21 is such that the vertical main axis n, which is a vertical axis perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the spindle 6 of the main shaft head 5, is rotatably supported within the vertical head main body 21g. Further, the drive shaft 4 is supported on the same horizontal axis as the axis of the spindle h6, which is orthogonal to this vertical axis. Torque is transmitted between the drive shaft 4 and the vertical main shaft n through the umbrella shaft 30t, and the drive shaft 29 is inserted into the tool socket of the spindle 6 and rotates at the same time as the spindle 6. . The vertical main shaft 4 has a tool socket 28 at its lower end, into which a tool T is inserted in the vertical axis direction. Further, in the vertical main shaft n, a tool socket 28 for the vertical main shaft n is provided.
A draw bar 31 that engages with the pull stud PY of the tool T inserted therein and clamps and unclamps it is inserted so as to be axially movable, and is constantly pulled up in the clamping direction by a disk spring 32. 31g is the head of the drawbar 31 that protrudes from the upper end surface of the vertical main shaft n.

A groove for rotational positioning formed on the side facing the end surface of the spindle head 5 of the vertical head body force α, which is engaged after a protrusion for phasing attached to the end surface of the spindle head 5. It is.

Reference numeral 34 denotes an axial positioning protrusion, which is positioned by contacting the end surface of the spindle head 5 K.

The tool changer minor changes the attitude of the machine AT 90' between the tool change arm 10 and the tool gripping device described above, and performs receiving and passing. Its structure is such that a guide bearing 42 is provided on a support member 41 fixed in the vertical direction, and guided by a guide tray/L44 provided on a slide member 43, so that the slide member 43 can be moved up and down. δ is a cylinder for raising and lowering the slide member 43, and its piston rod 5
6C is coupled to the slide member 43.

At the upper end of the slide member 43, a socket 45 for a tool T that changes direction between horizontal and vertical downwards is pivotally supported by a shaft 46. Reference numeral 57 is a detent that restricts the horizontal position and vertical downward position of the socket 45. The socket 45 extends diagonally backward from the shaft 46.
A long hole is formed in this protrusion 47, and a pin 49 (not shown) that protrudes from a rod that guides the sliding member in vertical force direction is engaged therein. Therefore, at the rising end of the slide member 43, the socket 45 is positioned horizontally, and at the descending end, the posture changes to a vertically downward position.
Ru.

The tool gripping device 13 is used to transfer the tool T1 between the tool transfer device 12 and the vertical head 21. The structure is such that a rail support plate 74 is provided on the movable base 15 between the tool transfer device 12 and the holder, and a rail 751 is provided in the same direction as the rail 18 of the movable base 15. A holding plate 59 is movably guided on this rail 75, and is connected to a piston/rod 62 of a cylinder 61 fixed to a side trap of a silver holding body. This holding plate 59 has a rail supporting plate 6 extending in the direction of the tool transfer device 12 perpendicular to the moving direction.
3 is fixedly installed, and a rail 64 and a guide 111 are attached to it in the same direction.
65 are provided. A linear ball bearing 67 is connected to this rail, and a row 2 is connected to the guide #65.
The support member 6 is guided through the support member 68 so that it can move forward and backward.

Reference numeral 72 is a cylinder for advancing and retracting the support member portion, and a horizontal rod 71 that is integrally connected to the piston rod is a cylinder for advancing and retracting the support member portion.
70 is fitted and coupled to the coupling ' provided at 6.

On the plane of the support member 66, a pair of tool gripping claws 69 are pivotally supported so as to be openable and closable. At least two sets of tool gripping claws 69 are installed on the plane of the support member.

Regarding tool exchange between the tool magazine 7 and the spindle head 5, as is well known in horizontal machining centers, the rotational movement of the carrier 8 and the rotational movement of the tool exchange arm 10, etc. It performs tool exchange operations.

Regarding the operation between the tool magazine 7 and the tool transfer device 12, the slide member 43 is moved to the rising end by the lifting cylinder 55, and as the slide member 43 rises, the socket 45 is pivoted and held in a horizontal position. Next, the tool changing arm 10 is rotated nine times from vertical to horizontal, and
The tool magazine 70 holds the tools T. Socket) 4
5 When holding the tool TV to be stored in the K tool magazine 7, hold this at the same time. After that, the tool exchange arm IO is moved forward and the tool T'4 is transferred to the tool magazine 7, J.
, pull it out. If there is a tool T in the socket 45, also pull it out. Then rotate 1800 times and retreat socket 45
When the tool T'% is removed, K stores it in the tool magazine 7 and completes the process by K turning the tool 90' in the opposite direction.

The tool T is transferred between the tool transfer device 12 and the tool gripping device 13 by moving the lifting cylinder 55K''J: the reslide member O1 to the lowering end. As the slide member lowers, the pin 49 moves to the protrusion 471. The socket 45 is pushed up and rotated counterclockwise around the shaft 46 to bring it to the directly downward position.Therefore, the tool T inserted into the socket 45 also points vertically downward.

Next, the support member 6 moves forward to the tool transfer device 121Il by the operation of the advance/retreat cylinder 72, and the socket is located at the lower end).
45, the tool TV-force is gripped by the tool gripping claw 69 Nj. Thereafter, the slide member 43Y is raised again and returned to its original position, and the tool T is separated from the socket 45 and remains in the tool gripping claw 69K.

Further, the holding plate 5ot is shifted by the cylinder 61 and moved to a position corresponding to the other tool gripping claw 69t socket 45. Tool TV held by tool gripping claw 69
Insert it into the socket 45 and return the slide member 43 to its original position at the rising end. Thereafter, the support member 66 is moved backward by the operation of the advance/retreat cylinder 72, and the tool gripping claw 69t is brought to the backward position.

To attach the vertical head 21 to the spindle head 5, the moving cylinder 16 is operated to move the movable table IFI to the right in FIGS. Position 7iK in front of. Next, the spindle head 5 is moved in the vertical direction so that its axis t coincides with the axis of the vertical head B. Thereafter, the main shaft head 5 moves forward, and the spindle 6 is fitted onto the drive shaft 29, and the main shaft and the drive shaft 4 are connected to each other by a clamping device within the spindle 6. After this connection, the spindle head 5 retreats, and the vertical head 21'4I: guide n of the holder
The installation of the vertical head 21 onto the spindle head 5 is completed by pulling it out from the shaft K.

To the spindle head 5! To replace the tool in the attached vertical head 4, first, the drawper 31 in the vertical head is pushed down to unclamp it. When the unclamping slide member 22 provided on the holder 20 is used for this purpose, the spindle head 5 is moved in the vertical direction, and #I of the guide member of the vertical head 4 is moved to the engagement protrusion of the unclamping slide member n. Position it at the location of the chrysanthemum. Then, by moving the spindle head 5 forward, the engaging protrusion lead engages with the guide member 24 of the vertical head 21, and the head 31g of the drawbar 31 or the inclined surface formed on the upper part of the unclamping slide member 4 36,
The drawbar 31 is pushed down and unclamped, and this state is maintained.

Next, the support member 66v is shifted by the cylinder 61K, and the tool held by the tool holding claw 69 is positioned directly below the vertical head 4. Thereafter, by moving the spindle head 5 downward, the tool held by the tool gripping claw 69 is inserted into the tool socket 28 of the vertical spindle n. Along with this downward movement of the spindle head 5, the unclamping slide member n also moves downward.

After inserting the tool into the tool socket path of the vertical spindle n, the spindle head 5 is retracted and the tool is pulled out from the tool gripping claw 69 in the horizontal force direction, or the vertical head 21 is moved back due to the retraction of the spindle head 5. A/Clang slide member 22
When J9 comes off, the contact pressure of the inclined surface on the head 3 of the drawbar 31 is released, and the drawbar 31 is brought into a clamped state by the elasticity of the disc spring 32. Then, the unclamping slide member 22 is locked between the locking grooves by the locking member 39 and remains in the lowered state.

When the vertical head 21 mounted on the spindle head 5 is returned to the holder, the operation is reversed to the mounting described above.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to clamp and unclamp a tool inserted into a vertical head only by moving the spindle head, and there is no need for a special actuator or other device. In addition, since the unclamping slide member 22 is guided so as to be movable in the vertical direction while being engaged with the vertical head 4, the vertical movement of the spindle head can be used to insert and remove tools into and out of the tool socket of the vertical spindle of the vertical head. You can do it! This has the advantage that the unclamped state of the tool can be maintained while the vertical head moves between the insertion end and the removal end of the tool.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a horizontal machining center to which the device of the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a front view of the same, Fig. 3 is an enlarged front view of main parts of the device of the present invention, Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the vertical head,
The figure is an explanatory view showing the unclamped state of the drawbar of the vertical head. 1... Φ ped, 2... table, 3... work support table, 4 # pleasure column, 5 # fist/spindle head, 6
・、・Spindle ^, 7... Tool magazine, 8... Carrier, io@-・Tool exchange arm, 11... Φ Vertical head holding device, Minoru... Tool transfer device, 13...
・Tool gripping device, 15...movable base, 18...ray^
,Ka...Tatamiho special, 2111@vertical head, n
...Slide member for unclamping, n...Guide,
Sae...Guide member, Ga...Vertical main shaft, 9...Drive shaft, 30-...Bevel gear, 31.0. Droper, A60
．． Slope, Tochi 00. Engagement protrusion. Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 9

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a device for clamping or unclamping a tool inserted into a vertical spindle of a vertical head of a horizontal manning center, the drawbar is inserted into the vertical spindle and engaged with a pull stud at one end of the tool. - a spring device that suppresses the drawbar in the clamping direction; a cam surface that engages with one end of the drawbar to suppress the drawbar in the unclamping direction; and a locking portion that engages with the vertical head. and a holding body that slides and guides this slide body in the direction of the vertical main axis.