JPS58140462A - Combustion improving apparatus for internal- combustion engine other than spark ignition type - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable to achieve complete combustion of fuel in a piston, by disposing electrodes on the opposite sides of an intake passage, and ionizing fuel and air negatively by imposing a voltage produced by a high DC voltage generating means across the opposed electrodes. CONSTITUTION:A positive electrode and a negative electrode are disposed on the opposite sides of an injection pipe at the portion thereof located just a little before fuel carried under pressure from a fuel injection pump 10 is injected into a combustion chamber from an injection nozzle 11, and a high DC voltage produced beforehand is applied to the electrodes in the manner that the plus side is connected to the positive electrode and the minus side is connected to the negative electrode. Here, in case of an engine having the same number of injection pipes as the number of cylinders, the high DC voltage is applied in parallel to the same number of electrode sets. On the other hand, more than two positive and negative electrode plates are disposed at a proper portion of the injection pipe extended from an air intake port or an air intake passage to the combustion chamber, and a high DC voltage is applied to the electrode plates so that air is passed through an electric field.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an internal combustion MIA-opening combustion modification-1 other than an electric ignition type.
In detail, it is concerned with combustion modification by negative ionization of liquid fuel and combustion air.

Internal combustion engines other than electric ignition type, generally diesel engines, compress intake air in the cylinder by the action of a piston in the cylinder, and the compressed air becomes hot. By spraying the elbow (light oil, heavy oil) in an S-shape with a spray pump, the fuel self-ignites and explodes.
The explosion pressure is converted into power, and the combustion process can be divided into the following four stages.

(1) Ignition delay period refers to Mu during which fuel is injected into the cylinder and begins to cause combustion. In other words, fuel comes in contact with compressed high-temperature air, absorbs heat from the air, evaporates, and forms an air-fuel mixture until it is heated to the self-ignition temperature and self-ignition occurs. It is said that it is best to keep this period as short as possible as it has a significant impact on

(2) Explosive combustion period During the ignition delay period, if combustion preparations are completed and self-ignition occurs at one or more places in the mixture, it will spread to the power supply to each part of the mixture, causing most of the mixture to ignite. This is a period during which combustion and explosion occur almost simultaneously and the pressure rises rapidly. It can be said that the conditions at this time have a great influence on diesel knocks.

(3) Controlled Combustion Period This is the period during which fuel is injected from the injection nozzle even after the explosive combustion period, and combustion occurs simultaneously with injection due to the flame of explosive combustion, and the pressure of combustion explosion increases. is relatively slow.

(4) After-burning period A period during which fuel injection has ended but combustion is still continuing 0 For example, a spray with a large number of reservoirs among the injected fuel will have a longer combustion time, resulting in PM! ! In areas where 2 is densely packed, afterburning occurs due to the delayed encounter with oxygen.If this period is long, the exhaust temperature will rise, the thermal efficiency will decrease, and it will cause the formation of stones, etc., so it must be kept short. ,
The size and distribution of the number of ponds, contact with oxygen, etc. have a great influence on combustion during this period.

The conditions currently known for compensating for the above defects in the combustion process and achieving complete combustion are as follows.

(a) The finer the number of refinements in the oil film, the shorter the heating time for the atomized fuel, and the faster the combustion.

(b) - Penetrating force of seismic fuel As combustion progresses, the atomized fuel requires a force, that is, a penetrating force, to rush through the combustion gas in search of encountering air (oxygen). The larger the number of ponds, the greater the penetration power, so
This is a condition that contradicts the fine differentiation of the number of ponds in (a).

(e) Distribution of cough droplets in 1 m of high-pressure compressed air In order to completely consume the limited oxygen in the air compressed in the combustion chamber of a diesel engine, the sprayed fuel must be distributed evenly over the entire area within the combustion chamber. Must be distributed.

In the conditions (a) to (C) above, the subdivision of the number of ponds and the penetration power of the sprayed fuel are contradictory conditions, and the formation of the air-fuel mixture must not depend solely on the spray generation process. Since complete combustion cannot be achieved, various improvements are currently being made to the injection nozzle diameter, injection pressure, combustion chamber structure, etc. in order to give the air appropriate fluidity, but no solution has yet been found. Not yet. Therefore, this invention makes it possible to anionize the fuel and air before mixing them, thereby smoothing out the fine division of the oil film, the penetrating force of the number of ponds, and the uniform distribution within the combustion chamber, which are the conditions for complete combustion. The aim is to complete the process quickly. Anionization is known in principle. In other words, generally when a high voltage is applied to two base metal plates facing each other, an electric field is generated between the metal plates.
It is known that gas or liquid between metal plates is excited or ionized by electron adsorption due to the mean free path of each electron, or by elastic collision or inelastic collision. This invention applies this principle to finely differentiate the ms oil film of diesel engines or other combustion equipment into molecular units, and then applies an electric field to the air necessary for combustion to a state that is close to corona current, to anionize it in molecular units. This will result in complete combustion.

The specific configuration of the present invention is such that the fuel is compressed from the injection pump, passes through the injection pipe, and is sandwiched from both sides by the injection vibrator at the uneven part just before it is injected into the combustion chamber by the injection nozzle.
) and (-) electrodes, and apply a pre-generated DC high voltage to these electrodes (+) to (+) electrode and (-) to (-) electrode, and have the same number of injection vibrations as the number of engine cylinders. For objects, the same number of electrodes are connected in parallel. On the other hand, on the way to the combustion chamber through the air inlet or suction passage,
Two or more electrode plates (+) and (-) are provided to connect a DC high voltage as described above, and air is passed through the electric field. The fuel ionization electrode plate may be provided not only in the injection pipe described above, but also in an appropriate eccentric part between the fuel tank and the injection or in the combustion chamber.In any case, it is sufficient as long as it can ionize the fuel and air. As a result, each fuel molecule is anionized by passing through an electric field, and (-)
Due to mutual repulsion of polarity, each molecule is separated, forming an oil vagina of molecules within the combustion chamber, and is instantly distributed. On the other hand, since the air is also anionized and activated in the combustion chamber as high-pressure compressed air, the fuel molecules instantly vaporize into molecular units without having to wait for vaporization due to heating by the compressed air. Due to the repulsive action of the molecules, they instantly permeate and disperse, resulting in complete explosive combustion. At this time, the surface tension of the oil vagina does not exist at all, and the film resistance is close to 0.Generally, the cetane number, viscosity, and volatility characteristics of the fuel are important for the ignition and combustion characteristics of the fuel, but in this invention, There's no need to make it a problem.

From the above, it is clear that in this invention, the ignition delay period is almost completely eliminated, the explosive combustion period immediately begins, and the controlled combustion period ends without reaching the afterburning period. It is also clear that the fine differentiation of the number of ponds, the penetrating force of the oil vagina, and the uniform distribution of the number of ponds within the combustion chamber are carried out smoothly without conflict. This ensures complete combustion and at the same time generates almost no magnetic π.
The same thing can be said about other combustion equipment such as boilers. The technology to obtain the DC high voltage necessary for electric field electrodes in automobiles is to use storage batteries as m1st and DC-DC.
In combustion equipment, in addition to the above methods, combustion is performed by a fixed internal combustion engine using a converter or flyback circuit, etc., but by using an AC-DC converter, etc.
Any technique may be used as long as it provides an excitation voltage and current sufficient to sufficiently excite or ionize a unit mass of IIS material molecules and air molecules within a single period of time.

In addition to the method explained above, in the hair cell engine,
The commonly installed preheating plug can be centrally installed to provide combustion chamber preheating and DC high voltage radiation functions, or the inlet heater can have similar functions.
Alternatively, the fuel injection nozzle may be constructed with an insulator in the acid part, and a high voltage electric field may be provided in the nozzle body, or a high voltage electric field adapter may be provided in the middle of the injection pipe. .

Embodiments of this invention will be described below with reference to embodiment figures.

The example shows the case of a four-cylinder diesel engine, and when the electric path from the pipe 1 is closed by the switch 2, the DC high voltage generator 3 generates the DC high voltage.The generated DC is (
The (+) side is allocated to the +) side terminal 4, and the (-) III is allocated to the (-) side terminal 5. A well-insulated (+) conductor 6.7.8.9 connected to the (10) side terminal 4 conveys the fuel pumped from the fuel injection pump 01 connected to the fuel tank to the injection nozzle 11. Fuel exposure vibe +2
．． A well-insulated (+) side electrode 16 for generating an electric field installed between 13.14.15 and the injection nozzle 11
．． It is tied on 17.18.19. On the other hand, a well-insulated (-) conductor 20.2 connected to the (-) side terminal 5
1.22.23 is the (+) side group @i 16.17.18
,! (=) side electrodes 24, 25 .
It is tied to 26.27. Each of the opposed electrodes is used as a fuel excitation electrode. On the other hand, from the (10) side terminal 4 to the conductor 2
8 to the (+) electrode plate 31 of the intake air excitation electrode mounted inside the intake hole 30 of the combustion air inhaler 29, and the (-) electrode plate 32&c is connected to the (-) side terminal of the conductor 33. 34 in the figure is the engine cylinder, which is connected through the
35 is a piston, and 36 is a crank.

According to the above configuration, the fuel and air are each anionized by the electric fields in the fuel excitation electrode and the air excitation electrode,
Complete combustion takes place within the piston 35. It should be noted that the fuel excitation electrode plate can be made as an integral part between the fuel tank and the injection nozzle and can be attached using other connection methods, and the same applies to the air excitation electrode plate.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a fuel and current system diagram of the device of this invention. In the figure, 1 is a power supply, 2 is a switch, 3 is a DC high voltage generator, 4 is a (+) side terminal, 5 is a (-) side terminal, 6.7.8
．． 9 is a conductor, 10 is a fuel injection pump, 11 is @ nozzle resistant, 12.13.14.15 is a fuel injection vibe, 16.1
7.18.19 is the (+) side electrode 20, 2+, 22.2
3 is the conductor, 24.25.26.27 is the (-) side 111
28 is a conductor, 29 is a combustion air inhaler, 30 is an intake hole, 31 is a (+) electrode plate, 32 is a (-) electrode plate, 33 is a conductor, and 34 is an engine cylinder. Patent applicant Tomikyo Shindo

Claims (1)

[Claims] A DC high-voltage generator is attached to an internal combustion engine other than an electric ignition type, and electrical electrodes are provided opposite each other on the paths that feed fuel and air to the engine cylinders, and voltage is applied to the same electrodes from the DC high-voltage generator. A combustion improvement device for an internal combustion engine other than an electric ignition type, which is characterized by negatively ionizing IIS@ and air to achieve complete combustion.