JPS5813817B2 - Cooker equipped with a smoke removal device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for removing oil smoke from a cooking appliance.

For example, if we take an electric automatic oven as an example, the heat source is an infrared heater at the top to brown the food, and a sheathed heater at the bottom to even out the internal temperature. There is a saucer on top of the sheathed heater to receive the grilled juices.

Generally, the structure is such that the cooking temperature can be controlled accurately according to the food being cooked, and because the temperature can be precisely controlled, the cooking range is wide.

However, high-temperature cooking, especially grilled dishes such as chicken and fish that contain a lot of oil and fat, generates a large amount of oil smoke and cooking odors, and the evaporated oil and fat sticks to the inner walls of the cooking chamber and burns, causing the inside of the cooking chamber to burn. It has a major drawback: it stains the food, the smell persists, and it has a negative impact on the next dish.

As a result of subsequent research, a self-cleaning method was developed to remove fats and oils adhering to the inner walls of the cooking chamber, but there are still many unsatisfactory points in terms of performance.

The self-cleaning method is a method in which an oxidation catalyst is supported on an enameled iron plate and adhering oil droplets are removed using an oxidation reaction, but because the surface area is small, performance deteriorates quickly and the service life is shortened. It has the disadvantage of being short.

In addition, various methods using oxidation catalysts have been investigated for removing oil smoke and cooking odors, but no method has yet emerged that is suitable for practical use.

The main substances that fly off from cooked food are oils and fats, carbohydrates, proteins, and salt, among which oils and fats are mainly contained in oil smoke and oil droplets.

Fats and oils come in both vegetable and animal origin, and typical components include palmitynic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, etc., and the constituent components are fatty acids with approximately C16 to C024 carbon atoms.

This fatty acid is contained in actual foods as triglyalide.

These fatty acids consist of saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids.
It is thought that what is contained in oil smoke and oil droplets is mainly the latter type of unsaturated fatty acids.

The decomposition process of these fatty acids is thought to occur through the following process, as seen in various fractions.

The oil smoke decomposition layer in the present invention has the function of suppressing the decomposition reaction to produce cracked gas as described above and the formation of a polymer produced from peroxide through a polymerization reaction.

In other words, the main purpose is to promote the cracking reaction.

However, the oxidation catalyst mainly promotes the oxidation and polymerization reactions of oil smoke and oil droplets, and generates a large amount of tar-like products.

However, the cracked gas undergoes an oxidation reaction without a polymerization reaction, and is converted into CO2 and H20.

Therefore, the present invention is capable of decomposing and gasifying oil smoke and oil droplets using an oil smoke decomposition layer, and converting this cracked gas into harmless and odorless CO2 and H20 using an oxidation catalyst.

Hereinafter, based on the examples and experimental results, the points intended by the present inventors will be specifically explained.

First, an embodiment of the oil smoke removal device devised by the present inventors will be described.

As shown in Fig. 1, the lowest part of the catalyst cylinder 1 is removably equipped with an oil smoke decomposition layer 2 made of foamed stainless steel with countless fine ventilation holes 5, and the upper part is equipped with an oil smoke decomposition layer 2 with countless fine holes 4. The oxidation catalyst 3 was constructed by laminating three layers.

The shape of the oxidation catalyst 3 is cylindrical as shown in Figure 2.
The present inventors have studied methods in which a large number of pores 4 are used in combination as shown in the figure, and a disc-shaped one as shown in FIG. 4 or a square-shaped one as shown in FIG. 5 having numerous pores 4.

The composition of the oxidation catalyst 3 is manganese dioxide (MnO2
) as the main component, and Cu, Fe, Co, N as co-catalysts.
A metal oxide such as i was used, and lime aluminate (Al20B.Cab) was used as a binder.

The composition ratio as an example of a specific example is shown in Table 1 below.

Next, an example of a method for manufacturing the oxidation catalyst 3 will be described.

The first method is by pressure molding. The schematic process is shown in FIG.

Taking the shape shown in Figure 2 as an example, first, the oxidation catalyst with the composition ratio specified in the table above is mixed for 30 minutes, then water (H20) with a weight ratio of 5 to 10% is added, and then mixed for 15 minutes. This results in a powdery mixture containing water.

When the mixture is put into a mold having the shape shown in Fig. 2 and pressure molded, the desired shape can be obtained, but the strength is still very weak.

Therefore, in order to increase the strength, after curing for 1 hour in steam at 100°C and drying soot, lime aluminate (Al20
22Cab) reacts with water (H20) to form a porous and hard oxidation catalyst layer, resulting in an oxidation catalyst having the shape shown in FIG.

The second method is by injection.

The schematic process is shown in FIG.

Taking the disk mold shown in FIG. 4 as an example, first, a metal mold of a desired shape is made, and it is used as the mother mold 6. As shown in FIG. inject.

Thereafter, the silicone rubber 8 is cured by drying in air at 80° C. for 2 hours and then boiling in IHr boiling water.

After cooling, the mother mold 6 and the outer frame 7 are removed, and the cured silicone rubber resin 8 is released and taken out, and used as an oxidation catalyst injection mold.

Its tentative name will be referred to as SR type 9 from now on.

Next, the oxidation catalyst having the composition used in the first method was mixed for 30 minutes, water (H20) of 20 to 30% by weight was added thereto, and then mixed for 15 minutes to form a slurry mixture of 10
I can do it.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9, a slurry-like mixture 10 is poured into the SR mold 9.

Thereafter, the slurry-like mixture 10 is completely cured by performing IHr wet drying in air at 80° C., and becomes the oxidation catalyst 3.

After cooling, the oxidation catalyst 3 was released from the SR mold 9, cured in hot water at 80°C for 10 to 20 minutes to further increase its strength, and then dried by IHr in air at 150°C, resulting in the product shown in Figure 4. The oxidation catalyst is completed.

A feature of this method is that any desired shape can be produced.

An embodiment of the oil-drying removal device devised by the present inventors has been described above.Next, an example in which this oil-drying removal device is applied to a cooking appliance will be described.

Conventional Example 1 FIG. 10 is a representative example of the conventional electronic electric automatic oven mentioned above.

In the figure, an electric heater 12 is installed in the lower part of the cooking chamber 11, and an infrared heater 13 is installed in the upper part to brown the food.In between, there is a mesh shelf 14 on which the food is placed, and further below that there is a saucer 15 for receiving the grilled juices. is provided.

The front side is an opening/closing door 16.

The heat sources in this case are an infrared heater 13 and an electric heater 12, which are configured to allow electronic temperature control.

The experimental results of roasting chicken meat using this electronic electric automatic oven are as follows.

The experimental conditions were that the cooking temperature was 300°C, the food was chicken momoyaki, and the cooking time was 15 minutes.

During cooking, a large amount of oil smoke containing oil droplets is emitted from the exhaust port 17.
The room was filled with oily smoke and cooking smells that stung the eyes.

The highest concentration of hydrocarbons (HC) measured was 1300
p. p. It was m.

Figure 14.17 shows the measurement results as A.

When the inside of the cooking chamber 11 was inspected after cooking, it was found that the inner walls 18 were stained with evaporated oil and fat, and were badly stained, with a persistent odor.

Conventional Example 2 In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, the self-cleaning method described above is adopted to prevent the inner wall 18 of the cooking chamber from getting dirty.
In order to remove oil smoke and cooking odors, an experiment was also conducted in which an oxidation catalyst 3 was installed in the exhaust port 17.

The experimental results of roasting chicken meat using this electronic electric automatic oven are as shown in Figures 14, 15, 16, and 17.

The experimental conditions were the same as those in Conventional Example 1, except that the area of the self-cleaning cooking cabinet inner wall 18 was 0.36 m', and the oxidation catalyst 3 installed at the exhaust port 17 was used.
The amount of exhaust gas was 750 cc, and the amount of exhaust gas was 0.7 m'/Hr (an amount of exhaust gas that would not leak from the opening/closing door 16).

As is clear from the figure, the initial performance was very good, but as the number of times it was used increased, the purification performance deteriorated significantly.

Furthermore, the experimental results when the amount of oxidation catalyst 3 installed in the exhaust port 17 was reduced to 1/2 under the test conditions of Conventional Example 2 are as follows.
．． 15. As shown in Figures 16 and 17, the oil smoke and cooking odor are both poor from the initial performance, and become even worse as the number of uses increases.

Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

Example 1 As shown in FIG. 12, the conventional example 2 was equipped with an oil smoke removal device 19 (oxidation catalyst amount: 750 Ce) consisting of an oil smoke decomposition layer and an oxidation catalyst devised by the present inventors, and other tests were carried out. The conditions were the same as those in Conventional Example 2.

As shown in Figures 14, 15, 16, and 17-2, the experimental results revealed that the ability to purify oil smoke and cooking odors did not decrease much even when the number of times of use increased.

Example 2 Under the test conditions of Example 1, the amount of oxidation catalyst 3 used in the oil smoke removal device 19 was reduced to 1/2.

The experimental results, as shown in Figs. 14, 15, 16 and 17, showed that the performance was equivalent to that of Example 1.

Example 3 As shown in Fig. 13 under the test conditions of Example 2, the inner wall 18 of the cooking chamber, which had undergone self-cleaning treatment, was made uneven to increase the wall area by 2/3 to 0.60 m, compared to the previous one. Other conditions were the same as in Example 2.

As shown in Figures 14.15 and 16.17, the experimental results show that even when the number of uses increases, the ability to purify oil smoke and cooking odors does not decrease significantly, and the amount of pond fat adhering to the inner wall 18 of the cooking chamber decreases. was also less than half that of Conventional Example 2.

Example 4 The cooking temperature was changed from 300°C to 400°C under the test conditions of Example 3.

This shortens the cooking time to 10 minutes, enabling high-speed cooking, and further reducing the generation of oil smoke and cooking odors.
There was little adhesion to the inner wall 18 of the cooking chamber, and the cooking odor quickly disappeared.

The structure, manufacturing method, and application example to an electronic electric automatic oven of the oil smoke removal device devised by the present inventors have been described in detail above.The present invention has the following effects.

(1) Almost all oil smoke and cooking odors generated from cooking can be removed for a long period of time.

(2) The amount of fat and oil that adheres to the inner walls of the cooking chamber can be reduced by more than half compared to conventional methods.

(3) Since the cooking temperature can be raised, the range of dishes can be further expanded.

(4) Prevents stains on the inner walls of the cooking chamber, further reducing the number of cleaning operations.

(5) Since oil droplets are removed by the oil smoke decomposition layer, the life of the oxidation catalyst is greatly extended.

(6) The amount of oxidation catalyst can be reduced to less than half of the conventional amount without changing the purification performance.

(The oil smoke removal device is removably installed on the inner wall of the cooking chamber, making maintenance extremely easy.

(8) The shape of the oxidation catalyst can be set arbitrarily.

(9) Accurate temperature control can be performed as in the conventional cooker, so the advantages of the conventional cooker can be utilized as is.

Ql It can be said to be a complete all-purpose cooker.

Although the present invention has mainly been described with respect to an electronic electric automatic oven, it can also be applied to gas ovens and microwave ovens with the same concept.

In addition to the stainless steel foam mentioned above, the material of the decomposition layer that decomposes the oil smoke and oil droplets may also be a foam with open pores made of a single metal such as aluminum, nickel, iron, copper, zinc, or an alloy thereof. The object of the present invention can also be achieved by a body or a fibrous mat of these metals, and a ceramic body having continuous pores can also satisfactorily achieve the object of the invention.

In addition, the temperature of the decomposition layer that decomposes such oil smoke and oil droplets is 2
30-40.0°C is preferred.

If the temperature is below 230°C, the oil smoke and oil droplets will not be sufficiently decomposed and will condense and block the cooking exhaust gas, which is undesirable and requires a thicker oil smoke decomposition layer.

Further, a temperature of 400° C. or higher is preferable for the purpose of decomposing oil smoke, but a temperature of 400° C. or lower is preferable in consideration of the safety of the heat insulating material of the catalyst layer of the present invention, cooking utensils, and cooking effectiveness.

Furthermore, the thickness of this oil smoke and oil droplet decomposition layer is preferably in the range of 3 to 15 m/m.

If the thickness is less than 3 m/m, it is difficult to exhibit this effect, and in order to obtain a sufficient effect, the temperature of the decomposition layer must be maintained at a high temperature.

Further, a thickness of 15% or more is too thick considering the size of the cooking utensil, which is undesirable, and it is necessary to determine the porosity of the decomposition layer so that the purpose is achieved at a thickness of 15X or less.

The porosity of the decomposition layer is preferably about 15 to 80%. The main purpose of this oil smoke and oil droplet decomposition layer is to decompose fats and oils with a large molecular weight into hydrocarbons and carbon compounds with a small molecular weight, and to improve the efficiency of the subsequent oxidation catalyst. In addition to the intended purpose, when delicious foods are cooked at high temperatures, especially when they are cooked at high temperatures that cause the food to burn, the surface of the food gradually becomes a gel, and the surface of the food becomes rough. However, the inside of the food still contains sufficient water and oil, so the oil smoke and oil droplets that occur when the surface of the food is scorched do not always flow in a constant amount, but are accompanied by small explosions. Since the oil and fat content is generated by breaking through the surface of the burnt surface, the amount of oil smoke fluctuates dramatically.

Therefore, this porous oil droplet decomposition layer serves the purpose of equalizing the amount of oil smoke, and also plays a dispersing role so that the oil smoke contacts the catalyst body that passes through it as uniformly as possible. Furthermore, it also serves the purpose of preventing the catalyst composition from falling onto the surface of the food in the event that the catalyst composition falls off due to physical shock.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an oil smoke removal device in an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 5 are diagrams showing an oxidation catalyst, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic block diagrams showing the manufacturing process of the oxidation catalyst. Figure 8,
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the oxidation catalyst injection process according to the method shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional electronic electric automatic oven, and FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an oven adopting a self-cleaning method. Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an oven in which the oil smoke removal device according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 is removably attached, and Fig. 13 is a self-cleaning inner wall of the cooking chamber that is roughened to increase the wall area. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an oven according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. Figure 16 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of times of cooking and the HC purification rate, Figure 16 is a diagram showing the relationship between the odor index and the number of times of cooking, and Figure 17 is the relationship between the number of times of cooking and the weight of fats and oils attached to the inner walls of the cooking chamber. This shows the relationship between 1... Catalyst tube, 2... Oil smoke decomposition layer, 3
...oxidation catalyst, 4... many pores, 5
...Vent, 11...Inside the cooking cabinet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An oil smoke removal device consisting of an oil smoke decomposition layer that decomposes oil smoke and oil droplets, and an oxidation catalyst layer containing manganese dioxide as a main component and having a large number of pores provided downstream of this oil smoke decomposition layer is installed and removed in the cooking cabinet. A cooking appliance equipped with a smoke removal device that can be freely equipped.