JPS58136910A - Refuse feed speed controlling device and burning velocity controlling device in combustion apparatus of refuse incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable to surely complete the combustion at the final end of a combustion section by a structure wherein rotary levelling apparatuses are installed at the front and rear end parts of the combustion section and the refuse feed speed and burning velocity are controlled utilizing turning resistance force applied to said apparatuses as controlling signals. CONSTITUTION:In order to burn the refuse successively supplied from a refuse feeding section B comprising various stokers at the combustion section C consisting of a combustion stoker, the rotary levelling apparatuses 9 and 10 are provided at the initial end part 3a and final end part 3b of the combustion section C. In addition, a load detector 17a to detect turning resistance force applied to the levelling apparatus 9 is provided on its levelling shaft 11a. The output of the detector 17a is amplified at an amplifier 18a and, after that, compared with a reference value Sa set by a reference setting indicator 20a at an operational processor 19a and motors 22 and 23 for driving the refuse feeding section B are controlled through a proportional action ratio setter 21 in proportion to the deviation output of the operational processor. The levelling apparatus 10 is constituted nearly as similar as the levelling apparatus 9 in order to control the motor for driving the combustion section C.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improving a combustion device for a garbage incinerator, and improves the combustion device based on the mechanical load of rotary leveling devices installed at the beginning and end of the combustion section. The present invention relates to the constituent devices and the combustion rate control device.

In general, the combustion device (A) of a large-scale garbage incinerator for processing urban garbage, etc. is composed of a combination of a pusher 1, a drying stoker 2, a combustion stoker 3, a post-combustion stoker 4, etc., as shown in FIG. , the pusher 1 and the drying stoker 2 constitute a dust supply section in the combustion apparatus, and the combustion stoker 3 constitutes a combustion section 0, respectively.

In addition, when operating the garbage incinerator, the incinerator operator normally sets the operating speed of each stoker etc. by manual operation, and while visually observing the garbage combustion state on the stoker 3, the incinerator operator manually sets the operating speed of the garbage incinerator 1 and each stoker 2. , 3.4, the method of adjusting the operating speed as appropriate is widely and generally adopted.

Therefore, the quality and amount of garbage brought into the incinerator generally change greatly from day to day, and in order to achieve efficient incineration, it is necessary to constantly monitor changes in the quality and amount of garbage. It is necessary to monitor and delicately adjust the speed of the pusher 1 and each of the stow forces 2, 3.4 in response to the changes. However, individual differences in incinerator operation techniques due to differences in operator skills and experience are unavoidable, and as a result, with the operating method based on manual operation as described above, it is difficult to sequentially and efficiently burn waste. It becomes extremely difficult to always maintain a constant state of completion of combustion of dust at the terminal end of the combustion stoker.

On the other hand, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the applicant has previously developed a control method for a combustion device using a photoelectric detection device, and published it as Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-26067. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, two sets of phototube type detectors Ll and L2 are placed above the initial end of the combustion stoker 3 at a constant interval in the vertical direction, and above the terminal end of the stoker 3. Light-receiving elements X1. which are activated by the combustion flame and are spaced at regular intervals in the horizontal direction. The layer thickness of the supplied dust at the initial end of the stoker 3 is detected by the detectors Ll and L2, and thereby the operating speed of the drying stoker 2 is automatically controlled. , X2 detects the completion state of combustion of the garbage, and
By automatically controlling the advancing speed of the garbage, it is possible to achieve efficient automatic garbage incineration.

However, the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-26067 also has many defects. That is, the phototube type detectors Ll, L2 and the light receiving element Xt are housed within the furnace wall of the incinerator.

Since the X2 is constantly exposed to high temperatures, failures occur extremely frequently.Moreover, the light receiving window is covered with a combustion layer, which tends to cause malfunctions, and maintenance work such as cleaning is often required.

In addition, even if the layer thickness of the supplied dust at the beginning of the combustion stoker 3 is local, or due to an instantaneous phenomenon such as scattering during the dust supply, the detectors Lr and L2 are activated. Therefore, it is difficult to control the stable supply of garbage.

Furthermore, in the case where there is a large change in the dirt quality at the terminal end of the combustion stoker 3, the light receiving element X1. The operation of X2 becomes unstable and accurate combustion control becomes extremely difficult.

The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems in conventional garbage incinerator combustion equipment, and enables accurate and stable control without making major changes to the combustion equipment. The object of the present invention is to provide a dust supply rate control device and a combustion rate control device.

The first invention of the present application provides that above the combustion part (initial end part (3a) of q),
A leveling shaft (lla) constituting the rotary leveling device (9) on the supply garbage side is installed horizontally, and the rotational resistance force applied to the leveling shaft (lla) is detected and the detected value is separately recorded. Compare and calculate the set value corresponding to the set standard rotational resistance force,
The basic configuration is to control the drive motor of the dust supply section (Bl) using the difference signal.

In addition, the second invention of the present application horizontally installs a leveling shaft (llb) constituting the rotary leveling device 00 for the garbage combustion layer (F,) above the terminal end (3b) of the combustion part (q), The leveling shaft (l
lb) is detected, the detected value is compared with a separately set value corresponding to a reference rotational resistance force, and the difference signal is used to control the drive motor (
The basic structure is to control (goods).

By configuring the dust supply speed control device and the combustion speed control device as described above, the dust supply to the combustion section (the cut end portion) is always maintained at an appropriate layer thickness, and the supplied dust layer is not combusted. The combustion section (q
Combustion is just completed at the terminal end, making it possible to achieve extremely ideal waste incineration.

Hereinafter, details will be explained based on an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 2 to 6.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a garbage incinerator most suitable for carrying out the present invention. In the figure, 5 is a garbage loading crane, 6 is an ash removal conveyor, 7 is an ash pit, and 8 is a hopper. Further, 9 is a front rotary leveling device installed horizontally above the starting end of the combustion stoker 3 forming the combustion section (q) to the combustion device, and 1o is the front rotary leveling device installed above the terminal end of the combustion section (Q). This is a rear rotary leveling device installed horizontally.

3 and 4 are schematic cross-sectional views and operation explanatory views of the rotary leveling device 9 and 10, which have a length approximately equal to the width of the combustion stoker 3 and have a constant rotation radius. Both ends of the leveling shaft 11a (llb) that rotates therethrough are rotatably supported through the furnace walls 12, 12,
The height of the pivot point can be adjusted according to the desired thickness of the dust layer. The leveling shaft 11a (llb) (
7) One end 1c is connected to a drive motor 14a (14b) via a speed reducer 13a (13b), thereby rotating the shaft 11a (llb) at a constant speed in the direction of the arrow. The leveling shaft 11a (llb) has a water-cooled structure with a hollow interior, and cooling water 15a (15b)
) to prevent burnout.

Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, the garbage ρ) thrown into the hopper 8 by the garbage feeding crane 5 is
The combustible components are pushed out onto the drying stoker 2, dried on the drying stoker 2, and then supplied onto the starting end 3a of the combustion stoker 3, where most of the combustible components are sequentially combusted. The dust combustion layer in which most of the components have been burnt falls from the terminal end 3b of the combustion stoker 3 onto the post-combustion stoker 4, where after combustion is completed, it is discharged to the outside of the furnace by an ash conveyor 6. I'm going to be done. Incidentally, the stoker 1 and each stoker 2, 3.4 are driven by a motor (not shown) having an appropriate speed adjustment device.

On the other hand, the rotary scraping devices 9 and 1o installed horizontally at the beginning and end of the combustion section (q) are rotated at a constant speed at a constant interval from the floor surface a of the combustion stoker 3. In the section 3a, the dust (D) sent from the drying stoker 2 is sequentially regulated to have a uniform layer thickness that allows good combustion of the dust on the combustion stoker 3, and the pre-caulking dust quality is It is sent out with a constant layer thickness set according to the

The same goes for the terminal end 3b of the combustion stoker 3, where the dust combustion layer (G) at the end of combustion, where the combustible components are sequentially burned and the volume has become low, is reduced to a certain layer by the rotary scraping device 10. It is scraped to a uniform thickness and discharged onto the post-combustion stoker 4.

As described above, the leveling shaft 11a of the front rotary leveling device 9 regulates the leveling of the layer thickness of the dust sent onto the stoker 3 to a certain set value, but
The larger the amount of dust supplied, the greater the rotational resistance force applied to the drive motor 14a of the leveling shaft 11a, and conversely, the smaller the amount of dust supplied, the smaller the rotational resistance. Therefore, by detecting the rotational resistance force applied to the drive motor 14a and comparing and calculating the detected output with the rotational resistance force running in the case of a preset standard garbage supply amount, the pusher 1, the drying stoker 2, etc. It becomes possible to control the operating speed of the dust supply section) and control the amount of dust supplied to the combustion stoker 3 to a constant optimum value.

Further, the volume of the dust layer on the combustion stoker 3 decreases as the combustion progresses, and the amount of the dust combustion layer (E) after the end of combustion is about 20 to 30% of the amount of dust before the start of combustion.

Incidentally, this ratio is also approximately the same in terms of the weight ratio of both.

That is, the thickness of the dust combustion layer (E) transferred to the terminal end 3a of the combustion stoker 3 decreases depending on the degree of combustion, and as a result, the thickness of the dust combustion layer (E) that is transferred to the terminal end 3a of the combustion stoker 3 decreases depending on the degree of combustion. The rotational resistance force applied to the leveling device 10 changes. Furthermore, even if the apparent thickness of the upper dust combustion bed opening at the terminal end 3a is the same, the resistance force applied to the rotary leveling shaft 11 will differ depending on the progress of combustion. It's coming. In any case, the mounting height of the rear rotary leveling device 10 is set appropriately, and the leveling shaft 11b is used when leveling the dust combustion layer (E).
The rotational resistance force applied to and the pre-set standard combustion layer (
By comparing and calculating the resistance force in the case of El, it becomes possible to control the operating speed of the combustion section (q) to maintain the degree of combustion progress of the garbage at a constant optimum value.

This is the technical idea underlying each invention of the present application. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the garbage supply speed control device according to the first invention of the present application.

The rotational resistance force exerted on the front leveling device 101 is detected by measuring the load current of the drive motor 14a, and the load detector 17a moves the leveling shaft 11a according to the command from the sampling position indicator 16a. The maximum and minimum values of the load current during one rotation of the motor are detected. That is,
As shown in FIG. 3, the leveling shaft 11□ is located at a position where it receives the strongest resistance from the dust (D) and at a position where it receives the strongest resistance from the dust (D) during its one rotation operation, as shown in
The load current at each passing point is detected by a command from the sampling position indicator 16a.

The difference signal of the detection signal detected by the load detector 17a is amplified by the operational amplifier 18a, and the output signal Q- is input to the operational processor 19a. On the other hand, a reference value Sa corresponding to the pre-swage standard resistance force is set and inputted to the arithmetic processing unit 19a via a variation range setting indicator 20a, and here the input Qa from the operational amplifier 18a and the standard setting input are input. S
a is compared and calculated, and a proportional operation signal Pa corresponding to the deviation value is input to the proportional operation ratio setter 21.

The proportional operation ratio setting device 21 includes a drive motor 22 for the garbage supply pusher 1, etc., and a drive motor 23 for the drying stoker 2, etc.
The input signal Pa is used to set the operating ratio in advance, and the input signal Pa is an output Da corresponding to the set operating ratio.
As Da', the speed regulator 24 of the drive motor 22 and the speed adjustment of the drive motor 23 are each input, and each motor 22
．． - The speed of 23 is controlled in the direction in which the proportional operation signal Pa decreases.

In this embodiment, the pusher 1 and the drying stoker 2 constitute the garbage supply section (B), but in the case of a supply section that integrates the feeding and drying of the garbage, Since there is only one driving motor, the proportional operation ratio setting device 21 is not necessary.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a combustion rate control device for the combustion section (Q), and its configuration and control operation are completely the same as those of the supply rate control device. That is, the load detector 16b
, the drive motor 14 of the rear rotary leveling device 10 detected according to the command of the sampling position indicator 17b
The difference signal between the maximum load current and the minimum load current of b is sent to the amplifier 18.
b, and the output signal Qb is input to the arithmetic processor 19b. On the other hand, a reference value sb corresponding to the resistance force in the standard combustion rate state is input and set to the arithmetic processor 1'lb by the fluctuation range setting indicator 20b, and here the input Qb and the reference value sb are set. A proportional operation signal pb corresponding to the deviation value is applied to the speed regulator 28 of the drive motor 27 for the combustion stoker 3 to accelerate or decelerate it.

In this embodiment, the pusher 1 and the drying stoker 2 constitute the garbage supply section (B), and the drying stoker 3 constitutes the combustion section (q). Of course, part (C) may be constructed by other mechanisms.

As described above, the present invention has rotary leveling devices 9 and 10 disposed at the end 3a and rear end 3b of the combustion section (q), and reduces the rotational resistance force applied to each rotary leveling device 9 and 10. Since the dust supply speed and combustion speed are controlled as control signals, unlike the conventional control device using a phototube type detector, the supply control device is controlled by the scattering of dust and the local layer height of the supplied dust. There is no possibility that the combustion state will malfunction or that the detection of the combustion state will become unstable due to changes in the quality of the garbage, etc., and extremely stable automatic feed rate control and automatic combustion rate control of the garbage can be performed. Extremely ideal waste incineration can be achieved in which combustion is completed exactly at the end of q.

Furthermore, since the leveling shafts 11a and 11b are used as detection parts, not only are there fewer failures compared to the phototube type, but the number of maintenance and inspections is also reduced, and inspection and repair costs can be significantly reduced.

As mentioned above, the present invention has excellent practical utility.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a garbage incinerator equipped with a conventional phototube type detection section. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a garbage incinerator most suitable for carrying out the present invention. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the installed state of the rotary leveling device, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of its operation. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the dust supply rate control device according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the combustion rate control device.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A leveling shaft (lla
); a rotary leveling device (9) on the supply garbage side comprising a rotatably installed horizontally; a load detector (17a) for detecting the rotational resistance force applied to the leveling shaft (lla); an amplifier (18a) that amplifies the output of the detector (17a); a reference setting indicator (20a) that sets a reference value of the rotational resistance force applied to the leveling shaft (lla); a reference setting indicator (20a); ) an arithmetic processor (19a) that compares a reference value (Sa) set by the amplifier (18a) with a detected value (Qa) from the amplifier (18a);
A garbage supply speed control device in a garbage incinerator combustion device, comprising a speed regulator of a driving motor (of a garbage supply section) operated by a signal (Pa) of (2) Combustion section (C) A dust combustion layer (E
The rotary leveling device αO of l and: the leveling shaft (ll
b) A load detector (17b) that detects the rotational resistance force applied to
); an amplifier (18b) for amplifying the output of the load detector (17b); and a reference setting indicator (20b) for setting a reference value of the rotational resistance force applied to the leveling shaft (llb).
) and; the reference value (sb) set by the reference setting indicator (20b) and the detected value (Qb) from the amplifier (18b).
); and a speed regulator (c) of the combustion section Ω drive motor (b) which is operated by the signal (pb) of the arithmetic processor (19b). Combustion rate control device in combustion equipment.