JPS58131181A - Apparatus for sorting cracked rice grain - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to an apparatus for sorting split rice grains.

With the recent mechanization of rice cultivation, dryers are also used to dry the paddy after harvesting.Dryers are not affected by the weather and can be used to dry efficiently under constant conditions, but the temperature and temperature of the paddy When the drying loss rate increases, split grains will occur frequently.

However, the conventional split grain sorting device has a slit or a light-transmitting window made of a transparent material on the bottom wall of the sorting gutter body, and a photoelectric detection device consisting of a light source and a light-receiving element above and below the window. As a result, if the light-transmitting window becomes clogged or contaminated by dust attached to the rice grains flowing down in the gutter, and the amount of light transmitted through the rice grains received by the light-receiving element changes, the light-transmitting window becomes This method has the disadvantage that the rice grains come into contact with the fixed dust and disturb the normal flow, often reducing the sorting accuracy and efficiency.

In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention provides a photoelectric detection device consisting of a light source and a light-receiving element and an ejector device, which are arranged in relation to the trajectory of the rice grains flowing down from the material end of the downflow gutter. Light is projected onto the rice grains in the trajectory, and the bright and dark portions of the transmitted light are received by a light receiving element, and the split grains are detected based on changes in the amount of received light, and the ejector device is actuated based on the detection signal. Yosu, 'n'J
The rice grains flowing down the flow path are directly irradiated from a light source and the transmitted light is received by a light receiving element, thereby preventing the above-mentioned light-transmitting window and producing high-quality rice grains without contamination. The purpose is to develop and provide high-performance equipment that can reliably, smoothly, and quickly mass-produce refined rice grains.

The present invention will be explained with reference to embodiment figures. Figures 1 and 2
In the figure, reference numeral (1) is a box-shaped machine frame, and inside the machine frame (1), a vibrating grain feeding trough (3) with grain feeding grooves (2) for vertically flowing paddy grains is installed. A sloped drainage gutter (5) is installed in the form of a frame, and a sloped drainage gutter (5) is provided with a grain groove (4) on the discharge side of which the paddy grains flow down in a line. A photoelectric detection fixing plate (6) is fixed to the end, and the light source (8) and light receiving device (9) of the photoelectric detection device (7) are provided at the upper and lower parts of the fixing plate (6). ) are arranged opposite to the falling trajectory (X) of the rice grains flowing down from the material end of the downflow gutter (5), and an ejector device (10
) and are arranged in relation to the flowing trajectory (X'), and detecting an arbitrary particle detection position (P) on the flowing trajectory (X).
) The rice grains passing through the irradiation point (Q) near the point (Q) are irradiated from the light source (8), and the bright and dark parts of the transmitted light are received by the light receiving device (9), and the split grains are detected by the change in the amount of received light. At the same time, the ejector device (10
) is operated to sort out the split grains.

In addition, the vibrating grain feeder (3) has vibration #4 @ on its side.
Grain feeding troughs (11) are arranged in parallel in a horizontal structure, and the slanted grain feeding trough (11) has a supply hopper (1
2) and a guide wall (
13), an inlet (14) provided at the first end of the grain feeding groove (2), and a grain threshing port provided on one side of the higher side of the inclined grain feeding gutter (11). (15) are interconnected and integrally formed.

The enclosed light receiving device (9) connects the negative ends of the two optical fibers (16) and (17) to the irradiation point near the particle detection position (P) of the +Mj lower trajectory (X) through optical lenses, respectively. (Q), and a pair of light receiving elements (18) (19) are provided on the other end side, and each light receiving element (18) (19) is connected to the control circuit (2 (1)) by a conductive wire. At the same time, the output side is connected to the ejector device (10) and the digital display (21) of the soil section of the machine frame (1), respectively.

Further, FIG. 1 shows that the ejector device (lO) is formed by a blower device (23) equipped with an injection nozzle (22), and that the on-off valve (24) of the nozzle (22) is controlled by the control circuit. It is connected to (20). (25) is a grain collecting cylinder that collects grain-sized paddy without a body-splitting surface, and (26) is a flow trajectory (
(81
17) is a rice grain position detection sensor for detecting rice grains that have reached the particle detection position (P) on the falling trajectory 00.

Next, the bright and dark parts of the rice grains in FIG. 3 will be explained.

This figure shows the rice grains irradiated from below when the tip of the particle reaches the particle detection position (P), and each figure 0 (
b) In (C), the central part of the central dotted line (thick line) is the irradiation point (Q) where the rice grains are irradiated from the light source (8), and the oval closed curve (point it!) is the rice grain (28 ), and the dotted lines (thin lines) drawn inside the rice grains (28) represent the crack surfaces (→), respectively. In Figure (a), (A) and (B) represent the respective light receiving elements (18) (19). At each viewpoint position where each of the fibers faces each other, at this viewpoint position, the rice grain image irradiated with the transmitted light beam projected onto the rice grain from the light source (8) is formed by connecting the rice grain image through an optical lens. When the light intensity of the side parts of the rice grain image (29A) (29B) is received, the light intensity (change in brightness) of each light receiving element (18) (+9) is equal [7], and the difference in light intensity is the reference light intensity limit value. (voltage), this rice grain is identified as a regular grain with no crack surface.The rice grain (2g) in Figure (b) has its crack surface (
R) is located to the left of the irradiation point (q,), so the irradiation point (
The transmitted light inside the particle incident from the crack surface (R
>, the light intensity on the left side of the particle decreases, and the difference in light intensity is outside the reference light intensity limit value, so this particle is identified as a crack grain. The rice grain (28") in Figure (C) produces a bright and dark surface opposite to that of the rice grain (28"), and the difference in light amount is outside the reference light amount limit value, so this particle is also identified as a crack particle.

Next, the control circuit (20) in FIG. 4 will be explained. A light receiving device (9) receives the transmitted light from each side of the rice grain.
) of each amplifier (
80) is connected to the differential amplifier (33) of the shell-split grain detection circuit (32) via (81), and its output side is connected to the ejector device (] via the analog switch (8+) and the comparator (85). 0) is connected to a counter (36) for split grains, and (8'7) is a setting device that sets the crystal quasi-optical limit value of the difference in light intensity between regular grains and split grains. The sensor (27) is connected via an amplifier (88) to a comparator (40) of a detection circuit (39) for total particle number, and to a counter (42) for total particle number via an analog switch circuit (41). The detection sensor (27) detects when the flowing rice grain passes through the irradiation point (Q), the tip of the rice grain is peeled off [when it reaches a certain particle detection position (P), the center of the rice grain is peeled off]. The above-mentioned shell-split grain counter (86) and total grain number counter (1.t) were formed so that
42) is a digital display that displays the torso side ratio (2).
1), (43) is a setting device, and is connected to a predetermined position (P).
Set a reference light intensity value to confirm that the tip of the rice grain has reached the point.

With the above-mentioned configuration, the grain threshing port (15 ) flows into the grooves (2) of the vibrating grain feeder (3), and at the same time, due to the vibration action of the grain feeder (3), the grains flow in a longitudinal arrangement in the grooves (2), The rice grains flow down the grooves (4) of the downflow gutter (5) in a rapid flow, and from the end of the grain, the rice grains flow down the flow path (
X) and pass through each particle detection position (P). At that time, when the tip of any rice grain reaches a predetermined position (P), the rice grain position detection sensor (27) detects the transmitted light beam. is received, the received light signal is input to the comparator (40) via the amplifier (38), and compared with the reference light amount value set in the comparator (40), and the comparison signal is input to the analog switch circuit (41). ), and the switch circuit (41) issues a switch signal each time the signal is input to close the analog switch (84), and sends the signal to the total grain counter (42) e. and input it to the digital display (21). On the other hand, a split-grain detection circuit receives light reception signals from both sides of the rice grain received by a pair of light-receiving elements (18) and (19) of a light-receiving device (9) provided above the irradiation point (Q). The differential amplifier (88) of (32) inputs its output to the comparator (35) at the moment the analog switch (84) closes.
The comparator (85) detects the split grain by comparing it with the set reference light amount limit value, and sends the detection signal to the ejector unit ft (10) and the split grain counter (36).
The number of split rice grains is calculated by the split grain counter (36) and inputted to the digital display (21).The display (21) compares the total number of detected rice grains with the number of split grains. 1
, the ratio of the barrel side of the lever is calculated and displayed, and the detection signal input to the ejector device (10) is transmitted to the injection nozzle (22).
The on-off valve (24) is operated to inject the split grains flowing down the flow path (X) each time, and the split grains that have left the trajectory (X) flow down to the receiving gutter and exit through the discharge port (26). ) is discharged from the machine, and the sized paddy without a splitting surface flows down the flow path (X) and is taken out of the machine via the grain collecting tube (25).

Claim (2) provides that the light receiving device (9
In A), a single light-receiving element (48) receives changes in the amount of light transmitted through the entire rice grain, which simplifies the photoelectric detection device and scans the entire rice grain in a count pattern to detect the light in each part. Detects the weight and detects crushed grains, immature grains, and other grains other than split grains.
It has the effect of making it possible to distinguish North America, etc., and improving its sorting performance.

Claim (6) is an impact device (46) in which the ejector device is operated by a rotary impeller (44) that collides with the rice grains or by an impact piece displacement motor (45). The pulse motor (45) is actuated by the detection signal of the shell split grain from the control circuit (20) to rotate the rotary impeller (44), and its blades collide with the shell split grain on the falling trajectory (X). , the grains are instantly scattered and sorted by the sharp solid blades, and the width of the air flux ejected from the injection nozzle (22) is spread out, reducing the probability of sorting without separating too many particles. It has the effect of increasing significantly.

The pulse motor (45) may be rotated not only in one direction but also in a reciprocating manner, and when used with an impact piece (47) consisting of a single blade attached to the shaft of the motor (45). There is also.

As described above, the rice grain shell-split grain detection device of the present invention includes a photoelectric detection device consisting of a light source and a light receiving device, and an ejector device, which are arranged in relation to the falling locus of the rice grains flowing down from the material end of the falling gutter. By projecting light onto the rice grains on the falling trajectory (7), the bright and dark portions of the transmitted light are received by a light receiving element, and the split grains are detected based on the change in the amount of received light, and the ejector device is activated by the detection signal. Since it operates to sort out the split grains, in conventional split grain detection devices that have a slit or a transparent window made of a transparent material on the bottom of the downflow gutter, it is possible to detect cracked grains due to clogging or contamination of the transparent window. It is possible to completely prevent adverse effects such as changes in the amount of received light and disturbances in the flow of rice grains, and it is also possible to directly irradiate or receive changes in the amount of light transmitted through the rice grains to reliably improve the detection accuracy. By automating the detection process, we can save labor in the detection process, and at the same time, we can also use a sorting function by ejecting or impacting split grains to ensure that we always obtain high-quality refined rice grains without split grains. This has advantages such as smooth and rapid mass production.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings are illustrations of embodiments of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a side sectional view of this device, Fig. 2 is a plan view of its downflow gutter, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the bright and dark parts of rice grains, Fig. 4 is its control circuit diagram, and Fig. 5 is another embodiment. 6 is a plan view of the rotary impeller, and FIG. 7 is a plan view of the impact piece. 1...Box-shaped machine frame 2...Grain feeding groove 3...
・Vibrating grain feeder 4...Grain flow groove 5...Draining gutter 6...Fixing plate for photoelectric detection 7...Photoelectric detection device 8...Light source 9.9A...Light receiving device 10... Ejector device 11... Vibrating inclined grain feeding trough 12... Supply hopper 18... Guide wall
14... Inflow port 15... Grain removal port
16...Optical fiber 17...
Optical fiber 18... Light receiving element 19...
... Light receiving element 20 ... Control circuit 21 ... Digital display 22 ... Injection nozzle 28 ... Blower device 24 ... Opening/closing valve 25 ... Grain collection cylinder
26...Discharge port 27...Rice grain detection sensor 28.28? 28"...rice grains 29A, 29
B... Rice grain side part 30... Amplifier 31... Amplifier 32... Detection circuit for split grains 33...
・Differential amplifier 34...Analog switch 35
... Comparator 36 ... Counter for split grains 37 ... Setting device 38 ... Amplifier 39
...Total particle number detection circuit 40...Comparator 41...
Analog switch circuit 42... Total particle number counter 48... Setting device 44... Rotary impeller 45
...Pulse motor 46...i attack 1i47...
・Shock piece 48... Light receiving element P... Particle detection position R... Crack surface Q... Irradiance
X-Flowing Trajectory Patent Applicant 3rd Prisoner Figure 4 Figure 6 Figure 7

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A photoelectric detection device consisting of a light source and a light receiving device and an ejector device are arranged in relation to the trajectory of the rice grains flowing down from the end of the gutter, and the light is projected onto the rice grains in the trajectory. The light and dark portions of the transmitted light are received by a light receiving element, the split grains are detected based on the change in the amount of received light, and the ejector device is actuated based on the detection signal to sort out the split grains. This is a split-grain sorting device. (2) The rice grain split grain sorting device according to claim (1), wherein the light receiving device receives changes in the amount of light transmitted through the entire rice grain using one light receiving element. (3) The rice grain split grain sorting device according to claim (1), wherein the light receiving device receives changes in the amount of transmitted light at a plurality of locations on the rice grain using a plurality of light receiving elements. . (4) The light receiving device is connected to a control circuit formed so that a sensor for detecting the position of rice grains provided opposite to the falling locus receives light in response to a signal that detects the position of the rice grains. The apparatus for sorting split rice grains according to item (1), item (2), or item (3). (5) The rice grain shell-split grain sorting device according to claim (1), wherein the ejector device is a blast device equipped with an injection nozzle. (6) The rice grain shell split grain sorting device according to claim (1), wherein the ejector device is an impact device in which a rotary impeller or impact piece that collides with the rice grains is operated by a pulse motor. .