JPS58130759A - Plane opposite type dc motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the efficiency of a DC motor and to shorten the axial length of the motor by forming a single coil substantially in a sector shape to form an armature coil, thereby increasing the magnetic flux. CONSTITUTION:A sector-shaped single coil is formed by coupling two points on the same circumference to the point which is disposed opposite through a central point to the two points on a line which couples the intermediate point between the two points and the central point of the circumference, and a plurality of single coils are disposed so as to be displaced at the prescribed angle with the central point of the circumference as a center, thereby forming a disc-shaped coil 3. A magnet 8 is disposed through an axial air gap at the position except the center and the periphery of the coil 3. A yoke 5 which is opposite to the magnet 8 is provided through the coil 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a flat-faced DC motor in which a magnet and a coil are opposed to each other with an axial gap interposed therebetween, which improves efficiency, simplifies coil winding, and downsizes the motor. The purpose is to

In recent years, as audio and video equipment has become thinner and smaller, there has been a strong demand for thinner and more efficient motors, which serve as drive sources. It is often used in

FIG. 1 shows the structure of an armature of a conventional planar-opposed DC motor. An armature coil 3 is fixed to a shaft 1 via a coil fixing plate 2.
The commutator 4 is connected to the commutator 4 fixed to the commutator 4.

In the above configuration, the armature coil 3 is constructed by forming a single coil for one pole in the shape shown in FIG. 2, and stacking the single coils as shown in FIG. 3. Third
As is clear from the figure, the thickness of the armature coil 3 was more than twice the thickness of a single coil over the entire surface, and the armature coil 3 was thick.

FIG. 4 shows the configuration of a conventional planar DC motor using the armature described above, in which 6.6 is a housing that constitutes a yoke made of a magnetic material and is equipped with a bearing 7 that supports the shaft 1; A magnet 9 is fixed to the housing 6 and faces the armature coil 3 through an axial gap, and a brush is in contact with the commutator 4.

As is clear from the above configuration, in the conventional planar opposed type DC motor, the thickness of the armature coil 3 is thick over the entire surface, so the distance X between the magnet 8 and the housing (yoke) 6 becomes long, and as a result, the magnetic resistance increases. growing. As a result, the magnetic flux density in the gap between the magnet 8 and the yoke is reduced, resulting in poor efficiency and the motor having a long axial dimension.

On the other hand, increasing the number of coils (number of poles) is a very effective means of reducing torque unevenness during one rotation of the motor, but in the conventional configuration, for example, as shown in Figure 6, seven poles are used. In this case, the overlap of the coils is 3 coils,
The gap between the magnet 8 and the yoke becomes even wider, and the impact on efficiency, size, and cost becomes very large. Note that, as shown in FIG. 6, it is possible to reduce the overlap by reducing the coil width, but in this case, there is a drawback that the winding angle is poor and the efficiency is extremely poor.

The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks by forming an armature coil by forming a single coil in a substantially fan shape.Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 7 shows the basic shape of a single coil of the armature coil 3 according to the present invention, and points A and A' are on the same circumference with respect to the center point 0 of the armature coil 3 (shaft 1). , and point B is located near center point O and on the opposite side of center point O from points A and A' (located on the line connecting center point O and the midpoint between points A and A', and point A.

It is located on the opposite side of A' and the center point 0).

These three points are connected by a straight line and a curved line to form a fan-shaped single coil, which is combined to form the armature coil 3 as shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 shows an armature equipped with the armature coil 3, and FIG. 10 shows the structure of a plane-opposed DC motor equipped with the armature shown in FIG. Although the coils overlap at the central portion and the central portion, there is no overlap at the portion facing the magnet 8, which is the effective conductor portion (portion 8 in FIG. 8).

For this reason, the portion of the housing 6 forming the yoke that faces the magnet 8 is made to protrude in the direction of the field magnet 8, thereby reducing the gap length X between the magnet 8 and the housing 6. Therefore, the magnetic flux density between the magnet 8 and the housing 5 increases, efficiency improves, and
It can be made thinner and smaller.

In addition, Fig. 11 shows the configuration of the armature coil 3 in the case of 7 poles. In this case as well, since there are few overlapping parts, the air gap length X can be made smaller than before, and an improvement in efficiency can be expected. , a motor with less torque unevenness during one rotation can be obtained.

In addition, the same effect can be achieved with brushless motors, as the gap length between the rotor magnet and yoke (housing) can be reduced, resulting in higher efficiency and less torque unevenness during one rotation than conventional motors. A motor is obtained.

Figure 12 shows the configuration of a brushless motor.
is a shaft, 12 is a rotating plate made of a magnetic material fixed to the shaft 11, 13 is a rotor magnet fixed to the rotating plate 12, 14 is a housing equipped with a bearing 16 that supports the shaft 11, and is made of a magnetic material, It makes up the yoke. Reference numeral 16 denotes a stator coil having the configuration shown in FIGS. 8 and 11, and is attached to the housing 14 via an insulator 17. 18 is a position detection element that detects the position of the rotor magnet 13.

In addition, Fig. 13 shows a one-pole coil divided into an integer number (maximum number of turns) to make the winding distribution more even. According to this configuration, there are fewer problems of wire breakage and short circuits. Furthermore, the J9 portion of the coil can be made thinner.

FIG. 14 shows the structure of a winding jig according to the present invention, in which a cylindrical protrusion 22 is provided in the center of a cylindrical jig 21 with a conical upper surface, and is spaced at equal intervals around the periphery of the conical part. A pin 23 is provided at the pin 23, and a wire is wound in a fan shape between the protrusion 22 and the pin 23 at the apex as shown in FIG. A, A in Figure 4
Points ' and B correspond to points A, A', and B in FIG. 7, respectively. According to the above-mentioned jig, it becomes possible to wind various kinds of wires continuously, and the winding work becomes easy. Conventionally, single coils were stacked one on top of the other, making it difficult to continuously wind each type of coil. Note that a self-fusing electric wire is used for the electric wire, and after winding, the electric wires are fixed to each other by a self-fusing layer and are formed flat and thin by hot pressing.

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the overlap of the single coils in the parts other than the central part and the peripheral part is reduced, so the gap between the magnet and the yoke can be reduced, and as a result, the magnetic flux density It is possible to increase the motor efficiency, improve the efficiency of the motor, and also shorten the axial length dimension. However, since the single coils are formed in a fan shape, it is possible to continuously wind a predetermined number of single coils, and the winding work efficiency is greatly improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1a and 1b are cross-sectional views and a plan view of the armature in a conventional flat-faced DC motor, Figure 2 is a plan view of the same single coil, and Figures 3a and 3b are the winding arrangement of the same coil. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a flat-faced DC motor using the armature shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are plan views showing other conventional coil arrangements. , FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the basic winding configuration of the coil according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a plan view showing the winding arrangement of the same coil, Figure 9a,
b is a cross-sectional view and a plan view of an armature using the same coil, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a face-to-face DC motor using the same armature, and FIG. FIG. 12 is a plan view showing the winding arrangement in the case of 7 poles, FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a planar brushless DC motor according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a further embodiment of the present invention. A plan view showing such a winding arrangement configuration, FIG. 14a, b) J Invention V
C is a cross-sectional view and a top view of such a winding jig. 3... Coil, 5.14 Housing (yoke), a, 13... Magnet. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other persona
1 Figure 2 Figure 13 * 4 Figure × Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 17 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 1/

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Two points on the same circumference, and a point located on the opposite side of the line between the two points and the center point of the circumference, with the center point between the two points. to form a fan-shaped single coil,
A disc-shaped coil is constructed by arranging a plurality of the single coils at predetermined angle intervals around the center point of the circumference,
A planar facing type DC motor including a magnet disposed with an axial gap in a position other than the central part and peripheral part of the coil, and a yoke facing the magnet with the coil interposed therebetween. 2. The planar opposed type DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the single coil is divided into an integral number and arranged at different angles.