JPS6318430B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a flat armature, in particular a plurality of armature windings wound in a flat polygonal shape on a circular plane perpendicular to the rotor axis. It relates to a flat armature fixed to the rotor shaft together with a commutator having the same number of segments connected to the windings, and the flat armature is arranged opposite to the rotor shaft through a small gap. The field magnets provided, a stator frame provided with the field magnets, and an electric brush provided on the stator frame constitute a flat electric motor.

The flat armature of the present invention has N wires wound in a flat polygon (here, N=(2n+1), (n=1, 2,
3. The armature windings (a positive integer of...) are arranged at equal pitches on a circular plane perpendicular to the rotor axis, with a portion of each winding overlapping the rotor axis as the center, and the rotation In a flat armature integrally formed into a flat disk shape with the rotor shaft and the same number of commutators as the armature windings arranged on the child shaft, the N armature windings are arranged in one piece. The number of poles of the field facing the flat armature is determined by forming an insulated conductor by winding it continuously without cutting it, and distributing the N continuous windings equally on the circular plane. When is P, the pitch between each winding is (N±1/N×P/2)×360 degrees, and the winding start wire of the first winding is connected to the first segment of the commutator. Then, connect the tap that connects the first winding and the second winding to the segment located at the distance of the pitch from the first segment, and then connect the next tap to the segment located at the same pitch. It is characterized by being connected to.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Conventional embodiments and embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a flat electric motor, with 10
11 is a rotor shaft, 11 is a flat armature, 12 is a commutator, 13 is a bearing, 14 and 15 are a motor case that also serves as a magnet yoke, 16 is a field magnet, 17 is a brush holder, and 18 is a brush. .

The flat armature 11 is fixed to the rotor shaft 10 together with a commutator 12 and rotatably supported by a bearing 13, and the motor case 1 also serves as a field magnet 16 and a yoke.
The structure is such that a magnetic flux is received in the gap between the brushes 18 and the armature windings in a direction parallel to the axis, and current is passed from the brushes 18 to the armature windings via the commutator 12 to generate rotational force.

The structure of the flat armature 11 according to the prior art is such that one winding has a polygonal shape as shown in FIG. Then, the shape is such that θ=360/P, the thickness is thinner than the width, and the lead wires are wound a predetermined number of turns and the lead wires at the beginning and end of the winding are C ₁ a and C ₁ b.

A conventional flat armature is formed by winding a winding in the shape shown in Figure 2 N times, and as shown in Figure 3, each unit winding is arranged at an angle of 360/N to form a circumference. It is placed one on top of the other. FIG. 3 shows a case where the number of poles P of the field magnet is 6 and the number of turns N per unit is 23. When the unit windings are numbered from No. 1 to No. 23, the No. 1 winding is at the bottom almost parallel to the page, and the No. 2 winding is partially No. 1. No. 3 to No. 19 below are arranged at a slight inclination to the plane of the paper, overlapping the windings of
In the same way, a part of the winding is placed overlapping the previous No. winding. Part of the No. 20 winding overlaps No. 19 and the other part overlaps both the No. 1 winding, and finally the No. 23 winding overlaps No. 21, No. 22, and No. 1 winding. It overlaps and is placed almost parallel to the paper surface.

Next, in the windings arranged as shown in Figure 3, two lead wires come out from the beginning and end of each unit of winding, for a total of 46 lead wires.

Connect this lead wire to the commutator 1 as shown in Figure 4A.
2 segments to form a wave winding. At this time, two lead wires are connected to each segment of the commutator 12.

Next, the entire winding is placed in a mold with a disc-shaped concave and molded integrally with the commutator 12 and rotor shaft 10 using synthetic resin, thereby completing a disc-shaped armature.

In the above process, the unit windings are separated one by one, so when connecting the 46 lead wires to the segments of the commutator 12, it is the same as checking the relationship between the lead wires and the assigned windings. It takes a lot of time and skill to select and connect the lead wires that connect to the child segments.

Also, if the windings of each unit are shifted at a certain pitch and arranged one on top of the other, many windings will overlap between winding No. 20 and No. 23, and only the winding 23 will be thicker than other parts. It gets thicker.

In this way, in a disc-shaped armature made of copper wire and synthetic resin, if there is a part of the disc where the copper wire overlaps a lot, it is difficult to maintain the thermal balance of the entire disc, making it difficult to use as an electric motor. During operation, the disc may deform and come into contact with the field magnet 16, causing an accident.

In order to prevent such accidents, conventional measures were taken to prevent deformation by increasing the amount of resin and making the armature thicker, but increasing the thickness of the armature increases the gap between the field magnet and the yoke. This has the disadvantage that the effective magnetic flux density decreases, resulting in a decrease in output and efficiency.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned defects of the conventional structure, and to provide a flat armature with an efficient production means, which makes it easy to maintain the thermal balance of the disc-shaped armature and causes less deformation during operation. It is.

In the present invention, in order to wind the armature winding, first winding No. 1 is wound a predetermined number of times in the shape shown in Fig. 2, and then the terminal is stretched to an appropriate dimension without cutting the conductor, and then folded back. Then wind the No. 2 winding and stretch its end to form a folded tap. As shown in Figure 4B, N windings are wound around the end of each winding. To complete a single continuous conductor through a stretched tap without cutting it midway.

Next, when arranging these N continuous windings on a circular plane centered on the commutator as shown in Figure 5, the positions 1 to 23 of the 23 windings are equally distributed on the circumference. Also, the commutator segments are marked S1 to S.
Add codes up to 23. Winding No. 1 shown in FIG. 4B (which does not actually need to be attached) is placed in position 1 and its first terminal C ₁ a is connected to segment S22 of the commutator. Next, winding No. 2 is placed at position 9 and tap C ₁ b is connected to segment S7 of the commutator. Furthermore, winding No. 3 is placed at position 17 and tap _C2 is connected to segment S15. As can be seen in Figure 5, all windings No. 1 to No. 3 are arranged at separate positions, so each winding is arranged parallel to a plane perpendicular to the axis, and the circumference is The shape should be roughly divided into thirds (not perfectly divided into thirds). Next, winding No. 4
When disposed at position 2, winding No. 4 is disposed overlapping with winding No. 1, so winding No. 4 is disposed not parallel to the plane but slightly inclined. Also, tap C ₃ is segment S23
Connect to. By arranging 23 windings in this manner and connecting the terminal _C23b of the last winding to segment S22, the wave winding of 23 six-pole windings shown in Figure 4B is completed. .

In the above procedure, the pitch between winding No. 1 and No. 2,
The pitch between windings No. 2 and No. 3, the pitch between windings No. 3 and No. 4, and the pitch between windings with adjacent numbers are all equal to 8×360/23 degrees.

Since the number of windings N is 23, the winding pitch when the windings are equally distributed is 360/23 degrees, and winding No. 1 and No. 2 are placed at positions 1 and 9, respectively. The pitch between them is 9-1=8. Also, between winding No. 2 and No. 3, 17-9 = 8, and between winding No. 3 and No. 4, 23
-17+2=8. Similarly, the numbers of the segments of the commutator connecting the terminals of the winding and the taps have the same relationship, and S22 where terminals C ₁ a and C ₂₃ b are connected,
The pitch between tap C ₁ b and S7 to which it is connected is 23
-22+7=8 and the pitch between S7 and S15 is 15
-7=8. This number 8 can be generalized as C=N±1/P/2 where the number of poles of the field is P and the number of windings is N. In the above example, P=6, N=
23, so C=23+1/3=8. Here, N ±1 and (+) (-) are selected so that C is an integer because the winding pitch C must be an integer.

The state in which all the windings have been arranged according to the above procedure is as shown in FIG. 6, and when compared with the winding arrangement according to the prior art shown in FIG. 3, a large difference can be seen. That is, in FIG. 3 according to the prior art, the entire winding is not shaded by other windings and the only winding that can be seen in its entirety is winding No. 23, whereas in FIG. 6, the arrangement according to the present invention is The windings where the entire winding can be seen are No. 21 and No.
22 and No. 23 are placed in approximately three equal parts (not perfectly three equal parts). This winding, which can be seen in its entirety, is arranged approximately parallel to a plane perpendicular to the axis in which all the windings are arranged. As explained at the beginning of the winding arrangement, windings arranged parallel to this plane also exist on the back side of the surface visible in Figure 6, and in Figure 6, windings No. 1, No. There are three windings, .3, and in contrast, in Figure 3, there is only winding No. 1.

That is, in Fig. 6, the positions where the windings parallel to the plane are arranged are winding No. 1 and No. 21, winding No. 2 and No. 22, and winding No. 3 and No. 23. In contrast, in FIG. 3 of the prior art, windings No. 1 and No. 23 are located at only one location, respectively.

In this way, the generated torque is larger in the part where the windings parallel to the plane overlap, although it is slightly more than in other parts, and since there are three places in Figure 6 and one place in Figure 3, Figure 6 shows the overall torque. This has the effect of slightly increasing rotational force and reducing torque ripple. Also, when the entire winding is molded into a flat disk shape using resin, the part where the parallel windings overlap has a slightly higher amount of copper than the other parts, so the parallel windings overlap. The configuration of the present invention shown in FIG. 6, in which the sections are arranged in thirds, has better dynamic balance than the prior art configuration of FIG. 3. Furthermore, since the conductor and resin in the resin-molded disk are arranged in a roughly balanced manner in three equal parts with the axis as the center, the thermal balance is better than that of the conventional technology (see Figure 3). Since the structure is better than that of , the deformation due to heat generation is small, and therefore the amount of resin can be reduced and it can be molded thinly.

Also, as explained in the process of arranging the windings above, all the windings are wound in succession and are connected to each other via taps, so connect these taps to designated segments of the commutator. The work of connecting two lead wires to a segment as in the prior art can be completed in one go, and there is no need to search for a pair of lead wires as in the prior art.

As mentioned above, when the number of poles of the field is P and the number of windings is N, N windings are continuously wound by a single conductor, and each winding is made into a continuous winding through a tap. When distributing the windings equally on the circumference, the pitch between adjacent windings should be (N±1/N×P/2)×360 degrees, and the ends of the windings and the adjacent taps should be (N±1 /N x P/2) x 360 degree pitch, making it possible to arrange the windings and connect them to the commutator extremely efficiently. The flat armature has good dynamic balance and good thermal balance, so its use has the great advantage of making it possible to construct a motor with small thermal deformation and small torque ripple.

Although FIG. 6 describes an example in which the number of field poles is 6 and the number of windings is 23, FIG. 7 shows an example with 6 poles and 13 windings, and FIG. 8 shows an example with 4 poles and 15 windings. The case of winding is shown.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a flat motor, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of its windings, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional flat armature, and FIGS. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the winding arrangement of the armature, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the armature of the present invention, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are diagrams of the flat armature of the present invention. It is an explanatory view of another embodiment of the shaped armature. 10... Rotor shaft, 11... Flat armature, 1
2... Commutator, 13... Bearing, 14, 15... Motor case, 16... Field magnet, 17... Brush holder, 18... Brush.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. N wires wound into a flat polygon (here, N=
(2n+1), (n=1, 2, 3, ... positive integer))
The armature windings are arranged on a circular plane perpendicular to the rotor axis, with parts of each winding overlapped and arranged at equal pitches with the rotor axis at the center, and the armature windings arranged on the rotor axis. In the flat armature integrally formed into a flat disk shape with the rotor shaft and the same number of commutators as the N
N armature windings are formed by winding one insulated conductor continuously without cutting, and when these N continuous windings are equally distributed on the circular plane, the flat electric When the number of poles of the field facing the child is P, the pitch between each winding is (N±1/N×P/2)×360 degrees, and the winding start wire of the first winding is rectified. Connect the tap that connects the first segment of the child and connects the first winding and the second winding to the segment located at the distance of the pitch from the first segment, and then connect the tap that connects the first winding to the second winding. A flat armature characterized by connecting taps to segments located at the same pitch.