JPS58109206A - Clamping device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for releasably tightening a tool or workpiece having a hole in its center on a mandrel or the like (- in the radial and axial directions). radially (-elastically deformable) between the mandrel or the like and the tool or workpiece under a fluid pressure that can be varied from the outside.
: arranged clamping sleeve and axially adjacent to the tool or workpiece a mandrel or similar & : a threadable mater and a mandrel or the like (- similar boxwood or the like)
- A type C2 having a nut for pressing a tool or workpiece against a similar object.

In a clamping device known from German Patent No. 743,530, a tool or workpiece is secured to a mandrel or the like by means of an elastically deformable lamp sleeve under variable hydraulic pressure. In this case, the clamping sleeve fills the annular space between the mandrel or the like and the tool or workpiece. This known tightening device can only be tightened in the radial direction; tightening in the axial direction is not possible.

For example, it is known that tools such as shaving cutters for precision machining of gears are mounted directly on the mandrel 5.
1%, but in this case center IJing inevitably involves play. In this case, in the axial direction, the tensioning is effected by means of a mechanical or hydraulic bolt on the mandrel or another stationary stock R1 (German Patent Application No. 7,616,406). The disadvantages of this solution include: That is,
Tools, e.g. shaving cutters, which are clamped to the mandrel are manufactured with great precision (1) and have the smallest possible manufacturing tolerances (2), despite the fact that the individual parts of the mandrel, clamping sleeve and tool By adding the tolerances of 1 to 1, the concentricity error is no longer acceptable.

Therefore ζ: The object of the invention is to center and tighten a workpiece tool or a workpiece that must be processed very precisely on a mandrel or the like as precisely and without play as possible. It would be desirable to provide a tightening device in which radial and axial tightening can be carried out by only one element, and in order to avoid inaccuracies caused by cooperating two elements.

In order to solve this problem, in the configuration of the present invention, the clamp sleeve is configured integrally with the nut, forming a sleeve section and a nut section, and the axial contact surface of the nut section is changed from the outside. It is designed so that it can be elastically deformed in the axial direction under fluid pressure.

A clamping sleeve constructed in this way is screwed onto a mandrel or the like until the contact surface of the nut section contacts the tool or workpiece. In this case, the sleeve section is located in the annular chamber 1: between the mandrel or the like and the tool or workpiece. The tool or workpiece is then tightened radially and axially by varying the pressure of the fluid 62. For axial tightening, the nut section is provided with a ring-shaped chamber for accommodating fluid, and for radial tightening, the sleeve section is provided with two ring-shaped chambers. Claims 2 and 3 describe advantageous embodiments for this purpose. Instead of a ring-shaped chamber, a plurality of chambers are provided which are each evenly distributed in the local direction. Claims 5 to 8 include this.

Different advantageous configurations are shown for the 7I0, in which in all embodiments each chamber can be loaded independently, making it possible to precisely vary the position of the tool or workpiece to be tightened. is 1. A ring-shaped chamber (claim 4) is sufficient for many applications.
(Claims 9 and 1O) or chambers that are adjacent to each other in the radial direction (Claims 9 and 1O) can reduce the production cost of the pressure regulating device. but! Wear.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 3, part 4: A tool 30 or a workpiece, such as a shaving cutter, is fastened to the mandrel 10 shown via a clamping sleeve 20, for example. The clamping sleeve 20 has a nut section 21 screwed into the thread 11 of the mandrel 10 and a sleeve section 22 adjoining the nut section 2. The inner circumferential surface 23 of the sleeve section 22 surrounds the cylindrical section 12 of the mandrel 10, and the outer circumferential surface 24 of the sleeve section 22 surrounds the hole wall 31 of the tool 30.
is surrounded by. One flat side 3 of the tool 30
2 is in contact with the collar 13 of the mandrel 10 via an interposed disc 55, and the contact surface of the nut section 21 is in contact with the other flat side 33 of the tool 30 via an interposed disc 56. 25 are in contact.

The sleeve section 221= of the clamp sleeve 20 is provided with a first closed ring-shaped chamber 41 and a similarly closed ring-shaped second chamber 42 surrounding this chamber 41. (See Figures 1 and 2). The concept (r'm in this case) means that the chambers 41, 42 are limited on all sides by the clamping sleeve 2, and does not negate the presence of an opening conduit in the chamber 1. ) The chamber 41 has a small radial distance 43 with respect to the inner circumferential surface 23 and the chamber 42 has a small radial distance 44 with respect to the outer circumferential surface 24. Sleeve division 22
In order to provide the necessary inherent dimensional stability to the first chamber 4
The radial distance 45 between 1 and the second chamber 42 is greater f than the radial distance 43.44.

A closed ring-shaped third chamber 46 is provided in the nut section 21 of the clamping sleeve 20 and has a small axial distance 47 relative to the contact surface 25. .

Chambers 41, 42, and 46 are fluid! be satisfied. Via the pressure regulating screw 60, the pressure in the chambers 41, 42, 46 can be varied. For this purpose, these chambers are connected via a conduit 64 to a pressure regulating screw 60 . Pressure adjustment screw 60j
) R fitting ring 63 at the connection to the d thread section 61
The shaft 62 has a cylindrical shape. Contact surface 2
After the clamp sleeve 20 has been screwed into the thread 11 until the f5 is in contact with the flat side 33 and the flat side 32 is loosely in contact with the collar 13, the f5 tool 30 is tightened by the pressure regulating screw 60. The more the pressure adjusting screw 60 is screwed in, the more the surfaces 23, 12:24.31:3 that are in contact with each other due to the elastic deformation of the clamp sleeve 20
2,13:33,25 are pressed tightly against each other. A pressure indicator 70 is provided which is connected to conduit 64 via conduit 71 in order to indicate to the operator the pressure occurring. This pressure indicator 70-1? A sealed piston 7-3 is configured to slide against the force of a spring 72, and a pin 74 having a bar mark 75 and protruding from the clamp sleeve 2o is fixed to the piston 73. ing. The pressure is indicated by the number or color of the bars of the bar mark 75.

In practice, in many cases all chambers 41,
It has been found that it is sufficient to provide one pressure regulating screw 60 in common for 42.46. However, often the third chamber 4 is tensioned at least in the axial direction.
For 6, sometimes three chambers 41, 4, 1! ,
Advantageously, each individual pressure adjusting screw 60, 60' and its own pressure indicator 70, 70' are provided for each of the 46! Yes (see Figure 2). The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is particularly useful for tools with narrow radial contact surfaces and axially wide tools, such as hobs.

In order to eliminate possible concentricity errors of the tool to be clamped (; it is usually desirable to be able to straighten the tool in the radial direction), the clamping sleeve 2
0 sleeve section 22 includes a first sleeve section 22 which is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and is closed. A second chamber 48 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) and a second chamber 49 equally distributed in the circumferential direction C are provided.
extends in particular in the axial and circumferential direction. The first chamber 48 has a small radial distance 43 relative to the inner circumferential surface 23 and the second chamber 49 has a small radial distance 44 relative to the outer circumferential surface 24. The radial distance 45 between the first chamber 48 and the second chamber 49 is larger than the radial distance 43.44, as in the first embodiment. The nut section 21 of the clamping sleeve 20 is provided with a third chamber 50 which is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and is closed.
The chamber 50 has a small axial distance 47 with respect to the contact surface 25 and extends primarily in the radial and circumferential direction.

The chambers 48, 49, 50 are filled with a fluid, the pressure of which can be varied via the previously mentioned pressure regulating screw 60. If individual pressure screws 60, 60' are provided for the individual chambers 48, 49, 50, concentricity errors of the tool 30 can be compensated very precisely.

The pressure in the first chamber 48 causes the clamping sleeve 2 to
0 to the mandrel 1o, the pressure in the second chamber 49 serves to fix the tool 3o to the clamping sleeve 10, and the pressure in the third chamber 50 causes a tightening in the axial direction. In the concentricity test, for example, if it is determined that the tool 30 has to be raised relative to the mandrel 1o as seen in FIG.
The pressure in chamber 8' and, as the case may be, the pressure in chamber 49' is increased, and at the same time the pressure in chamber 4i and, as the case may be, also the pressure in chamber 49# is reduced somewhat. In this case, it may be necessary to temporarily reduce the pressure in the third chamber 5o in order to enable movement of the tool 30 in the radial direction.

'In order to compensate for concentricity errors (=high pressure or low pressure 1), in order to clearly match the chambers 48, 49, 50 that are loaded, the first chamber 48, the second chamber 49 and the third chamber 50 There are the same number of

The first chamber 48 and the second chamber 49 are adjacent to each other in the radial direction C2, and the third chamber is the compartment 48.
49 in the axial direction.

In many cases, each radially adjacent chamber 48.4
9, one common pressure adjusting screw 60 and one common pressure indicator 70 are provided.

In this case, instead of the axially acting chamber 50, a ring-shaped chamber 46 as described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2 is used.
may be provided. The chambers 48, 49 which are adjacent in the radial direction C2 may also be connected to each other via conduits 65, which are shown in broken lines f in FIG.

The pressure drop that occurs in chamber 41 when compensating for concentricity errors, as in the process described above, is compensated by a pressure increase in chamber 4.

Although the clamping sleeve 20 is shown as a uniform member in FIGS. 1-4, there are many different possibilities for manufacturing the clamping sleeve. The clamping sleeve usually consists of several parts, in which corresponding chambers are machined and/or turned, and which are welded together in a pressure-tight manner. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the clamping sleeve consists of four parts 51-54, but other embodiments are of course possible.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown and described. For example, the pressure adjusting screws 60, 60'... and/or the pressure indicators 70, 70'... may be arranged in the axial direction instead of in the radial direction f, and the number of chambers is limited to four for each. It is not something that will be done.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the tightening device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the u-uH line in FIG. 1, and FIG. A vertical cross-sectional view showing the embodiment; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a clamping sleeve consisting of several parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] l A device 1 for releasably tightening a tool or workpiece having a hole in the center to a mandrel or the like in the radial and axial directions 52, the device being a clamping sleeve arranged between the mandrel or the like and the tool or workpiece, which is elastically deformable in the radial direction under fluid pressure, and axially adjacent to the tool or workpiece; of the type (two types) which can be screwed onto a mandrel or the like and have a nut for pressing the tool or workpiece onto the mandrel or the like and the boxwood or the like; The clamp sleeve is constructed integrally with the nut, and the sleeve section (22) and the nut section (
21), and is characterized in that the axial contact surface (25) of the nut section (21) is axially (bi-elastically deformable) under fluid pressure that can be changed from the outside. 2. The nut section (21) has, at a small axial distance (47) from the contact surface (25), a closed ring-shaped chamber (46) for accommodating fluid. A tightening device according to claim 1. 3. The sleeve section (22) has two ring-shaped chambers (41, 42) for accommodating a fluid, the first of which (41) is arranged at a slight radial distance (43) from the inner circumferential surface (23), and the second chamber (42) is arranged at a small radial distance (44) from the outer circumferential surface (24). and the second chamber (42) surrounds the first chamber (41), and the radial distance (45) between the first chamber (41) and the second chamber (42) is The radial distance (43) of the first chamber (41) with respect to the inner circumferential surface (23) and the radial distance (4) of the second chamber (42) with respect to the outer circumferential surface (24)
4] The tightening device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tightening device is larger than 4]. 4. 4. A tightening device according to claim 2, wherein the chambers (41, 42, 46) are fluidly connected to each other. 5. Sleeve section (22) and/or nut section (2
2. The tightening device according to claim 1, wherein each of the chambers 1) has a plurality of chambers for accommodating a fluid, each of which is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and can be loaded into two chambers unrelated to each other. 6. The first chamber (48
) is arranged at a small radial distance (43) from the inner circumferential surface (23) of the sleeve section [22], and a second chamber [49] equally distributed in the circumferential direction
22] at a small radial distance (44) from the outer peripheral surface (24) of
), and the radial distance (45) between the first chamber (48) and the second chamber (49) is equal to the inner peripheral surface (
radial distance (43) of the first chamber (48) with respect to
) and the radial distance (44) of the second chamber (49) to the outer circumferential surface (24), and the third chamber (50), which is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, is located in the nut section (21).
7. The tightening device according to claim 5, which is arranged at a small axial distance (47) from the contact surface (25) of the first chamber (48) and the second chamber (49). ) and the third chamber (50) are equal in number. 8. The first chamber (4B) and the second chamber (49) are connected to the sleeve section (22). The third chamber (50) is located above and below each other when viewed in the radial direction (1), and the third chamber (50) is located above and below the both chambers (48,
8. The tightening device according to claim 7, wherein the tightening device is arranged in the nut section (21) radially and axially offset relative to the nut section (21). 9. A first chamber (48), a second chamber (49) and a compartment (48,
The third chamber (5
9. The tightening device according to claim 8, wherein: 0) and 0) are fluidly connected to each other. 10. Third chamber evenly distributed in the circumferential direction (
9. Tightening device according to claim 6 or 9, in which a closed ring-shaped chamber (46) is provided in place of 50).