JPS58108438A - Optical probing method for material and soil in bottom of sea - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To decide a material and a soil in the bottom of the sea, by a method wherein the bottom of the sea is irradiated with light with a wavelength of 2,000Angstrom -8,000Angstrom , and spectral distribution analyzer performs a spectrometry on light reflected by the material in the bottom of the sea, and its albedo curve is compared with that of a known material in the bottom of the sea. CONSTITUTION:A probing chip 1 is positioned on a sea surface above the bottom of the sea to be probed, and through operation of a winch connected to a probing device A, the device is suspended by means of a wire 2 in a suspension condition until the device A is lowered in close to the bottom of the sea. A condition of the device being suspended and moved in close to the bottom of the sea 7 can be observed in a ship by means of a submarine television camera 5. When it reaches a given probing position, and if the bottom of the sea 7 is irradiated through operation of a luminous device 3 from the inside of the ship, a collector 4 paired with the device 3 collects light reflected by a material in the bottom of the sea, it performs a spectrometry of a reflection absorption spectral distribution, it converts it into an electric signal to transmit it to a recorder 6 on the ship through a cable 2 by means of a telemeter, and this allows the formation of an albedo curve diagram. The curve is compared with a known albedo characteristics curve to decide a material in the bottom of the sea in a probing position.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for exploring seabed materials and seabed geology, and an object of the present invention is to carry out the above-mentioned exploration in a short time and relatively easily from on or inside a ship, particularly by optical methods. The object of the present invention is to provide an exploration method that can be carried out continuously and efficiently by easy operation without requiring unnecessary labor.

By the way, exploration of the materials that make up the seabed, seabed materials such as ore deposits under the seafloor, or seabed geology differs from land-based exploration or surveys in that it is generally troublesome to collect the materials that exist on the seabed, especially in the deep sea. Collecting materials is extremely difficult and requires a great deal of cost, time, and effort. In recent years, with the development of geophysical methods and submarine television, it has become relatively easy to explore the seabed at shallow depths, but it is still difficult to analyze physical properties such as the composition of seafloor materials on the seabed. Currently, this is not possible, and even if samples were collected using a submersible, there is no other means of exploration other than bringing the samples back to land or directly analyzing and examining the samples after bringing the sample aboard the ship. Ta. However, with these means and methods, it is difficult to increase the number of sample collection points in terms of implementation time and labor, and it is difficult to carry the sample up to the ship each time to collect the sample, or to return the sampler to the seabed. The reality is that exploration and investigation of seabed materials and seabed geology has been extremely difficult not only in the past, but also today, as it involves a great deal of difficulty due to the repetitive work involved.

In response to the above-mentioned situation, the present invention provides an exploration method that is completely different from the exploration method based on sample collection, in which a pair of optical light-emitting devices and light-receiving devices are moved close to the seabed and scanned, thereby irradiating seabed materials from the light-emitting device. wavelength λoo
o Spectroscopically measure the reflected light from the seabed material for the incident light of A to 1000 A using a spectral distribution analyzer (for example, Nikon Monochromator 250 series manufactured by Nippon Kogaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) built into the light receiving device, and calculate the reflection absorption spectrum distribution. sends an electrical signal to the ship's recorder,
By creating an Albate curve (reflection absorption spectral distribution curve) using a recorder, we focused on an indirect and continuous exploration method for seafloor materials without direct contact with the seabed, without direct methods such as sampling, and analyzed its spectra. The characteristic curve of albate obtained from the reflection spectra of various seabed materials is measured as data to be compared with the value, and it is easy to combine this measured value with the electrical signal sent from the optical exploration device that scans underwater. We discovered that seafloor materials and seabed geology can be measured and determined extremely easily on or in a ship by comparing it with the spectral shape of Albate, and we succeeded in implementing it.

The structure and effects of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the accompanying diagrams and drawings, but the method having the constituent features described in the claims of the specification as essential features of the present invention will be described in its embodiment. Needless to say, even if there are differences, these methods fall within the technical scope of the present invention. Figure 1 is a chart summarizing the Albate curves obtained by using a phototube R213 for major sediments on the seabed of the Western Pacific at a depth of 3000-≠000 meters, which was created for the first time in the world by the present invention. 200OA to 100OA depending on the wavelength of the incident light beam
is displayed, and the vertical axis is the albate value (unit: %), which is useful for analyzing the spectral distribution of light rays reflected from seafloor materials.

The albate obtained from the wavelength of the irradiated light beam to the materials distributed on the deep seabed in the diagram, such as red clay, radiolarian ooze, diatom ooze, globigerina ooze, and arthropod ooze, and the spectrum of the reflected rays from those materials. When looking at the characteristic curves showing the relationship between In addition, Figure 2 shows the water depth around Japan, which was obtained using the R666S i phototube.
Clay minerals, illite, montmorinite, in the shallow sea of m.
Rocks such as kaolinite, chlorite, basalt, andesite,
Volcanic ejecta and other materials have Albate curves, but we discovered that clay minerals, rocks, etc. in the diagram show unique curves.

In order to identify the albate curves of the various substances mentioned above, the present invention uses the exploration device A of the embodiment shown in FIG. For the first time, we succeeded in developing a method for optically detecting contact.

That is, in the figure, / is a ship on the sea, and 2 is a wire hanging from the winch of the ship to the exploration device At, and a cable that supplies power, operation signals, etc., and also transmits input signals to the ship. 3 is a light emitting device installed in the pressure-resistant and airtight exploration device A, which has a built-in tungsten or xenon lamp, and can irradiate light beams with wavelengths of xooo X to rooo X to the seabed in the deep sea. μ is a light receiving device installed in the exploration device A in pair with the light emitting device 3, which has a built-in spectral distribution analyzer, irradiates the seabed from the light emitting device, receives reflected light reflected from seabed materials, and receives and reflects the light. A spectral distribution analyzer with a built-in light beam performs spectroscopic measurements and converts them into electrical signals. j is an underwater television camera for observing the seabed for exploration purposes, and is connected to a television imaging device 7 on board the ship. The pressure-resistant and airtight exploration device AI, which includes the above, is configured to be remotely controlled by operation signals from the ship, and the attitude of the device with respect to the seabed can be controlled by using known control means. This is possible for individual devices, including television cameras, etc., but even fixed devices do not pose a problem for general exploration. O is the recorder installed on the ship, and g is the three seabeds to be explored.

In carrying out the exploration method of the present invention, first, a survey vessel is placed above the seabed to be surveyed, and a winch or the like connected to the survey device is operated to keep the survey device A in a suspended state until the survey device A approaches the seabed. hang from wire 2. Needless to say, the situation of drooping and proximity to the seabed can be observed onboard the ship using an underwater television camera. Once you have reached the predetermined exploration position, you can activate the light emitting device 3 from inside the ship to illuminate the ocean floor.
The paired light receiving device receives the reflected light from the seabed material, spectrally measures the reflection and absorption spectrum distribution, and transmits this as an electrical signal to the onboard recorder B via a cable via a telemeter, thereby creating an Arbate curve diagram. can be created. By comparing the curve with the known Albate characteristic curve shown in FIG. 1 or 2, the seabed material at the exploration location is determined. During exploration, if the exploration device is moved sequentially and the spectral distribution values of reflected light at each location are recorded, the exploration results will reveal the distribution of seafloor materials in a wide seabed area, and the exploration of seafloor materials will be difficult to achieve with conventional direct sampling methods. It can be carried out efficiently and easily in a short period of time when the bottom cannot be predicted.

The characteristic curves in Figures 1 and 2 are charts that were actually measured using the exploration equipment used to carry out the present invention on the seabed where the distribution is already known. Accurate measurements cannot be made with the samples salvaged by ship 1 because their properties change due to oxidation caused by air. In addition, the above-mentioned exploration equipment is installed near the observation window of a submersible that can dive to the seabed, not an exploration vessel on the sea, so that exploration personnel can operate the exploration equipment while directly observing the situation on the ocean floor with the naked eye. It may also be explored, and underwater television cameras may not be required.

As described above, according to the exploration method of the present invention, by utilizing the reflection spectrum distribution of light, it is possible to detect seabed materials extremely easily and efficiently. You can explore distribution areas such as mineral deposits. Particularly on the ocean floor, montmorinite, which is metamorphosed from volcanic rock, has a close relationship with the distribution of manganese nodules and submarine metal deposits17, and plays an instructive role in limiting the exploration area for these deposits. In addition, clay minerals have the characteristic of being distributed along geological tectonic lines (for example, faults), and by tracing these, it is possible to explore the presence of oil and natural gas deposits. According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to easily explore the ocean floor in an extremely short time using highly efficient and automatic means that could not be predicted using conventional exploration methods that directly collect samples of seafloor materials in a wide area. , accurate geological maps based on that material (data),
The ability to create ore deposit maps has led to the development of an innovative exploration method for seabed materials and seabed geology, and its contribution to industry and science and technology can be said to be significant.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a chart showing the albate characteristic curve, which shows the relationship between the wavelength of the light rays irradiated to the seafloor sediments that make up the seafloor and the albate obtained from the spectral distribution analysis of the light reflected from those materials. An albate characteristic curve that shows the relationship between the wavelength of light beams irradiated to clay minerals and rocks that make up the ocean floor, and the albate obtained from spectral distribution analysis of the beams reflected by those materials. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the optical exploration method of the present invention. Explanation of the symbols representing the main parts of the drawing/... Exploration vessel for seabed materials, etc., Co... Wires and cables, A... Exploration device, 3... Light emitting device,
da...light receiving device, j...undersea television camera, 6.
...Recorder, 7...Undersea. Patent Applicant Geological Engineering Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Makoto Tarumi Figure 1 Wavelength λ(X) Figure 2 Wavelength λ(U

Claims (1)

[Claims] A light emitting device containing a tungsten or xenon lamp placed close to the ocean floor, suspended from a ship at sea or underwater, or attached to a submersible capable of diving to the ocean floor, emits a light beam of wavelength 200X-000X. The reflected light from the seabed material in response to the incident light on the seabed material generated at that time is received by a light receiving device installed close to the seabed and facing the light emitting device, similar to the light emitting section, and the light is received and reflected. The light beam is spectrally measured by a spectral distribution analyzer built into the light receiving device, and its reflection/absorption spectral distribution is converted into a total electric signal.The converted electric signal is sent to the recorder on the ship, and the recorder records the sialbate curve (reflection/absorption spectral distribution curve). ) and determining the seabed material and seabed geology by comparing the albate curve with the albate curve of known seabed and materials.