JPH1199035A - Seat - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent stuffiness and to improve comfortableness by dehumidifying and discharging moisture moisture-absorbed and water-absorbed from a side base surface through a cushion material with respect to a seat whose constitution members are a cushion body, a side base for covering it and wadding. SOLUTION: This seat is constituted of the cushion body and the side base for covering it or the side base and the wadding, and at the time, by the combination of the constitution members, a humidity state is sloped so as to dehumidify and/or discharge the moisture moisture-absorbed and/or water-absorbed from the side base surface. That is, the side base surface for covering the cushion body is formed from the hydrophobic one and a side base back surface or the side base back surface and the wadding are formed from the hydrophilic one respectively. Also, it is preferable that the side base for covering the cushion body is the one whose moisture transmission degree is higher than 145 g/m<2> /h and the cushion body is the one of compression characteristics whose air permeability is 10-500 cm<3> /cm<2> /sec and 50% hardness is 1.5-2.2 fold of 5% hardness.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sheet having an optimal cushioning property and having little stuffiness when used. A specific example is a seat for seats in railway vehicles, automobiles, ships, ordinary homes, offices, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Seats for railway vehicles, automobiles, ships, homes, offices, etc. satisfy basic mechanical properties such as hardness, settling, and recoverability, and are used in various applications. It has been devised to provide comfort.

[0003] For comfort, in particular, the predecessors have made many efforts to reduce the "humid sensation" caused by sweating on the surface which comes into contact with a person when used.

[0004] A sheet comprising a cushion body and two or more layers of constituent members including a side cover that covers the cushion body. In order to prevent the accumulation of moisture on the upper surface in contact with a person, the sheet is formed in the thickness direction of the side members. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 3-213546 discloses an apparatus in which a difference in density is provided so that moisture transfers to the back surface of the side ground. However, with this alone, the migrated water simply accumulates on the backside of the side ground and flows backward during use,
Not enough to withstand use.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-21049 discloses a technique using ultra-fine fibers having high water absorbency on the back surface of the side ground.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-5260 discloses a device using a special fiber having a water absorption of 100% or more. However, it is not a fundamental solution, but the time during which water is accumulated is long, and the possibility of backflow can be reduced, but a humid state cannot be maintained for a long time.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 3-23452 discloses a structure in which porous fibers are used on the side surface to absorb the water generated. However, when moisture is absorbed by the side ground surface, the moisture returns in reverse during use, so that a wet state occurs and comfort cannot be obtained.

[0007] In addition, a water-absorbing material installed on the surface opposite to the upper surface by using a hydrophobic fiber material on the upper surface with the constituent member not limited to the side ground so that the feeling of wetting caused by stuffiness is reduced. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-31823 discloses a structure in which fibers are partially exposed on the upper surface. However, in these measures, a predetermined effect can be obtained in "feeling of stuffiness" for about 30 minutes to about 60 minutes, which is the stage when the sheet has begun to be used, but the effect decreases as time passes.
If it exceeds 60 minutes, the "feeling of stuffiness" increases remarkably,
Since the constituent members contain a large amount of water such as sweat, they become hotbeds on which various germs and the like can propagate, and a new problem that the sanitary aspect is remarkably deteriorated occurs.

[0008] On the other hand, in a seat comprising two or more layers of constituent members including a cushion body and a side covering the cushion body, the structure is such that the generation of moisture such as perspiration is reduced on the upper surface in contact with a person. A member in which air permeability is imparted to a member is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-70519. However, since there is no air movement, the effect is not obtained when the amount of sweating is large from the beginning such as after exercise.

Further, the temperature and / or humidity-controlled air is actively sent from the lower side of the sheet to the upper surface in contact with a person,
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-29 discloses an air duct installed in a cushion body to suppress the generation of moisture such as perspiration.
No. 7,414, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-111419. However, there is a problem in that a complicated air duct needs to be provided in the cushion body, and the basic mechanical characteristics are impaired.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-82511 discloses a cushion body provided with an air blowing port in a support body.
Useless at all.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-91933 discloses a component in which a temperature adjusting function is provided to a part of the constituent members. In order to control the temperature, it is necessary to separately provide a heater device and a cooling device, and there is a problem that the price becomes extremely high.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, railway vehicles, automobiles, ships, ordinary homes,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a seat for a seat for office work or the like which can provide comfort when used for various purposes.

[0013]

Means for solving the above-mentioned problems, namely, the present invention comprises a cushion member and side members covering the cushion member, or a cushion member and side members covering the cushion member and wading components. A sheet, characterized in that moisture absorbed and / or absorbed from the side ground surface is released and / or discharged through a cushion material, and the side ground surface covering the cushion body is hydrophobic. 3. The seat or backing according to claim 1, wherein the backing or the backing and the wading and the wadding are hydrophilic, wherein the moisture permeability of the side covering the seat and the cushion body is 145 g / m ² / h or more. sheets, sheet according to claim 1 having a space cushion body is continuous, the cushion body is air permeability ^{10~500cm 3 / cm 2 / sec,} 50
The seat and the cushion body according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a large number of continuous filaments of a thermoplastic elastic resin are alternately formed, wherein the% hardness has a compression property of 1.5 to 2.2 times the 25% hardness. The three-dimensional net-like structure which has the point which contacted the said, The 70 degreeC compression residual strain of the sheet | seat or cushion body in any one of Claims 1-5 is 15% or less, The statement in any one of Claims 1-6. The sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the side ground covering the seat, the cushion body, or the side ground and wading constituting members are made of a polyester resin having flame retardancy.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION It is desirable that the side lining or the side lining and wadding have a hydrophobic surface and a hydrophilic back surface. The hydrophobic fiber here may have an equilibrium moisture content of 1% or less, and examples thereof include long fibers or short fibers such as polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyolefin fibers, and polyacrylic fibers. The structure includes a woven fabric such as a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a braid made of these fibers. The hydrophilic fiber may have an equilibrium moisture content of 2% or more, and may include descaled wool, regenerated cellulose, cotton, and the like. The polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyolefin fiber, and polyacrylic fiber are grafted. It is also possible to use fibers that have been subjected to the above or ultra-fine fibers having a fineness of less than 0.5 d. A nonwoven fabric such as a woven fabric, a web, or a felt of these fibers is included in the back surface of the side fabric. At this time, flocking of the hydrophobic fiber on the surface, napping of the surface, water-repellent treatment, or the like, or exposing a part of the hydrophilic fiber to the surface by a water punch method, the surface from the side ground surface is exposed. The effect of moisture absorption and / or water absorption is increased.

Further, a sheet material made of a urethane resin or a thermoplastic elastic resin may be used as a web, felt,
Cotton, rigid cotton and other non-woven fabrics are attached to a grid-like net and then provided with through holes by water flow to use the basic mechanical properties of the side ground and moisture absorption from the side ground surface,
And / or the durability of the side ground can be significantly increased without impairing the function of absorbing water.

The moisture permeability on the side lands or the side lands and the side surfaces of the waddings is 145 g / m ² / h.
It is preferable that it is above. The larger the value is, the more excellent the moisture permeability is, indicating that the moisture is less likely to be trapped, and 145 g / m ^2.
If it is smaller than / h, moisture will be trapped in the basket, causing a sense of stuffiness.

It is desirable that the cushion body has a continuous space in order to release and / or release the absorbed water. In this case, the air permeability is preferably 10 to 500 cm ³ / c.
It is preferably m ² / sec. The cushion material has a hardness of 50% according to JIS K1091 and a hardness of 25%.
It is necessary that the compression property is 1.5 to 2.2 times the hardness to satisfy basic mechanical properties. This value is 1.5
If the ratio is less than twice, when the sheet is used, a slight change in load causes the sheet to bend significantly, and a sense of stability cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when this value exceeds 2.2 times, the feeling of flooring becomes large and discomfort occurs during use.

The cushion body is made of a thermoplastic elastic resin.
Mesh with points where multiple continuous filaments alternately contact each other
It is preferably composed of a structure,
Basic mechanics that the residual compression strain is 15% or less
It is desirable in terms of characteristics, particularly durability and recoverability. Here
Thermoplastic elastic resin has molecular weight as soft segment
300 to 5000 polyether-based glycol, poly
Ester-based glycol, polycarbonate-based glycol
Alternatively, convert the long-chain hydrocarbon terminal to a carboxylic acid or hydroxyl group.
Block copolymer of modified olefinic compounds
Stell-based elastomer, polyamide-based elastomer,
Urethane-based elastomer, polyolefin-based elastomer
And the like. This structure has a continuous curvature
Thickness with points where fibers are entangled with each other irregularly and in contact
Is a three-dimensional structure of 5 mm or more, and the fiber diameter of the fiber is
0.1 mm to 5 mm, the bulk density of this structure is 20 kg
/ M^Three~ 200kg / m^ThreeIt is preferred that here
Is the diameter when the fiber cross section is considered circular.
It is. Although the cross-sectional shape of the fiber is not particularly limited,
Anti-compression (repulsion), touch by making surface or irregular cross section
It is preferable from the viewpoint of feeling. When this fiber diameter exceeds 5mm
The number of fibers per unit volume of the structure is small
And the number of spots and contact points of the bulk density are reduced,
It is not preferable because a decrease in elasticity and a decrease in durability occur.
If the fiber diameter is too small, the area of the contact point is small.
It is not preferable because it reduces the durability. Follow
The fiber diameter is preferably 0.01 mm to 5 mm, and furthermore
0.05 mm to 3 mm is preferred. Bulk density is too small
If the elasticity of the structure itself becomes extremely small,
Conversely, besides the increase in elasticity, the absorption of vibration also decreases,
The seat weight increases. Therefore, the bulk density is 20 kg /
m^Three~ 200kg / m^ThreeIs preferred, and 30 kg / m ^Three~
80kg / m^ThreeIs more preferable, and moderate deformation and vibration absorption
In addition, the weight can be reduced.

Further, it is preferable that the cushion body and the side ground covering the same, or the side ground and wading components are made of the same kind of resin having flame retardancy. It is preferable from the aspect of properties. Further, a phosphorus compound is used as the flame retardant, but is not limited thereto, and a halogen compound may be used.

The present invention can be applied to seats in railway vehicles, automobiles, ships, general homes, offices, etc., but is also useful in beddings, pillows, etc. used in general homes, accommodation facilities, hospitals, railway vehicles, ships and the like. It is. Needless to say, it can be used in combination with other materials that should meet the required performance in relation to the application, and can be processed and shaped to the extent that the performance of the present invention is not reduced. Further, it is also possible to impart functions such as flame retardancy, insect repellent and antibacterial properties, heat resistance, water and oil repellency, coloring, and aromaticity at any stage of commercialization by adding a chemical.

[0021]

According to the present invention, as described above, the seat comprises a cushion member and side grounds covering the cushion body, or a side ground and wading constituent members, and the combination of the constituent members absorbs moisture from the side ground surface, and / or Or, it is designed to release moisture and / or moisture through a cushioning material and / or to provide a gradient in the humidity state so that water is released. The comfort that no state is obtained is obtained.

[0022]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be specifically described below, but the present invention is not limited only to these examples.

[0023]

Example 1 A cushion body was obtained according to the following formulation. Dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), 1.4 butanediol (1.4 BD) and a small amount of a catalyst were charged, transesterification was performed by a conventional method, and polytetradimethylene glycol (PTMG) was added to raise the temperature. Polycondensation was performed under reduced pressure to obtain a polyetherester block copolymer elastomer.
Next, 1 wt% of an antioxidant and 10 wt% of a flame retardant (phosphorus content: 10,000 ppm) were added, mixed, and pelletized to form a pellet.
Drying was carried out for 48 hours under a vacuum of 0 ° C. to obtain a raw material of a thermoplastic elastic resin used in this example. Table 1 shows the formulations of the raw materials of the thermoplastic elastic resin.

In the nozzle effective surface having a width of 1200 mm and a length of 100 mm, the pitch between holes is 5 mm in the width direction and 10 mm in the length direction.
Using a nozzle provided with orifices arranged in a staggered pattern, the above thermoplastic elastic resin melted in the extruder was discharged below the nozzle. A cooling bath in which a pair of stainless steel endless nets having a width of 1400 mm is arranged at regular intervals in parallel with the length direction of the nozzle below the nozzle, and a continuous filament of the thermoplastic elastic resin in a molten state is entangled. While having a thickness, a structure having a fiber diameter of 1.5 mm or less was formed.
This is shown in Table 2 for the cushion body.

Knitted with hexagonal double Russell tulle using hetero-shrinkage blended yarn with ester fibers having flame retardancy imparted to front and back yarns, and ester-based monofilament having flame retardancy imparted to middle yarns Was cut and divided into a front yarn side and a back yarn side to prepare a side ground material. Table 3 shows the side land including this.

A hydrophobic long-fiber nonwoven fabric made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) imparted with flame retardancy by a spunbond (SB) method (weight per unit area: 10 g / m ² , thickness: 0.1 m)
m), a hydrophilic polynosic short fiber web (having a basis weight of 60 g / m ² and a thickness of 3 mm) is overlaid, and a water punch method (nozzle diameter 0.12 mm, water pressure 120 kgf / cm)
² ) The material for wadding was obtained. Table 4 shows waddings including this.

The above-mentioned cushion body covered with a wading material was covered with a side fabric sewn into a structure having an opening and closing opening through which the cushion body using the above-mentioned side material could enter and exit to obtain a sheet sample. .

[0028]

Example 2 Different shrinkage mixed fiber yarn (1.0d,
Single Russell of 3.0d mixed yarn (course: 24)
Sheet / inch, wale: 18 pieces / inch), and the same sheet sample as in Example 1 was obtained.

[0029]

Comparative Example 1 The same sheet sample as in Example 1 was obtained except that the side layer was a moquette containing a polyester fiber having flame retardancy.

[0030]

[Comparative Example 2] Plain weave (130 warp / inch, weft 128 / inch,
The same sheet sample as in Example 1 was obtained except that the basis weight was 1030 g / m ² ).

[0031]

Comparative Example 3 A hydrophobic long-fiber nonwoven fabric made of PET to which flame retardancy has been imparted by a spun bond (SB) method (weight: 10 g)
/ M ² , thickness 0.1 mm) and a short fiber web (basis weight 60 g / m ² , thickness 3 mm) of the same resin, and a water punch method (nozzle diameter 0.12 mm, water pressure 120 kgf)
/ Cm ² ), except that wadding was performed.

[0032]

Comparative Example 4 Hot-melt type fiber in which the polyester-based short fiber made of PET with flame retardancy is used as a base material and the cross-sectional structure of the same kind of resin is a sheath / core (sheath melting point 146 ° C.) The same sheet sample as in Example 1 was obtained, except that a nonwoven fabric (bulk density: 50 kg / m ³ ) in which knots were formed by a sheath by heat treatment was used as a cushion body after mixing and opening the fibers.

[0033]

Comparative Example 5 Polyester staple fiber made of PET with flame retardancy (fiber diameter 1.5 mm, fiber length 52 mm)
Depositing a binder resin (styrene butadiene rubber)
After immersion, the same sheet sample as in Example 1 was obtained except that excess binder resin was removed and heat treatment was performed to tie the entangled points of the short fibers into a cushion body.

The values measured in the examples and comparative examples are measured by the following methods. 1. Melting point (Tm) and endothermic peaks other than melting point The temperature of the melting peak (endothermic peak) was determined from the endothermic curve using a TA50, DSC50 type differential thermal analyzer manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. The heating rate was 20 ° C./min. 2. Elongation recovery rate at 70 ° C. A film having a thickness of about 300 μm (Tm +
After heating to 10 ° C and pressing for about 1 minute with a press machine, water cooling)
Using a Tensilon UTM5 model manufactured by Orientec, stretched to a strain of 10% at a strain rate of 100% in a heating oven in an atmosphere of 70 ° C., and then held for 24 hrs as it is. Then, return the strain to 0%,
The value obtained by subtracting the strain at which the stress appears when the film was stretched again from 10% was divided by the strain 10%. (N =
3) 3. Room temperature elongation recovery rate About 300 μm thick film (Tm +
After heating to 10 ° C and pressing for about 1 minute with a press machine, water cooling)
As a sample, using Tensilon UTM5 manufactured by Orientec, elongating to 300% strain at an elongating strain rate of 100%, returning to 0% strain, leaving it for 2 minutes, and then elongating the strain when the strain is elongated again. The strain was obtained by dividing the strain subtracted from 300% by the strain 300%.
(N = 3) 4. Thickness, basis weight, and bulk density The thickness at four corners of a sample cut to 15 cm was averaged to obtain a thickness. The weight was measured, and the weight was divided by the area to obtain the basis weight, and the weight was divided by the volume to obtain the bulk density.
(N = 5) 5. A sample punched to an air permeability of φ10 cm is sealed in a metal cylinder with an inner diameter of φ10 cm with a height sufficient to cover the thickness of the sample with a compressive strain of 5% applied, and a packing with a thickness corresponding to the strain. After sealing to prevent lateral leakage, the air flow rate was measured using an air flow rate measuring instrument manufactured by Techno World Co., Ltd. (Cosmo Instruments Design), and this was defined as the air permeability. The differential pressure was set at 124 Pa. 6. Heat resistance (70 ° C compression residual strain) □ Measure the thickness of the sample cut to 15 cm (average of the thickness of four corners), and apply 50% compression strain to the thickness. After being kept in a heating oven at 70 ° C. for 22 hours, the material was left standing at room temperature and cooled to remove strain, and the difference between the thickness after 24 hours and the thickness before treatment was divided by the thickness before treatment. (N = 3) 7. Water absorption (water absorption rate) Measured according to JIS L1018 A method (drop method). 8. Δq _max Heat source plate set temperature 35 ° C, sample mount base set temperature 20 ° C
And humidity humidity a maximum heat transfer rate of the sample tone q _max in the maximum heat transfer rate of the wet sample and wet q _{ma x,}
The difference was defined as Δq _max . Humidity control sample size 65
A sample of mm was conditioned at 20 ° C. and 65% RH and attached to a sample mounting table with the surface side of the side ground facing the heat source plate. In addition, 0.9 cm ³ of water was evenly applied to the wet sample using a syringe on the surface side of the side of the humidity control sample.
What was left still for 20 sec was used. 9. Moisture permeability Measured according to JIS L1099 A method (calcium chloride method). Ten. Comfort Set the prepared sheet sample on the sheet frame and
A subject is seated in a room at 8 ° C. and 75% RH (Subject 5).
Name) The following evaluation was performed. (1) Sinking The sensation of the state of holding the body shape while sitting was qualitatively ranked as follows. ○: Subduction is slightly large or slightly small and comfortable. △: Subduction is large or small and comfort is slightly lacking. ×: Subduction is too large or too small to feel comfortable. (2) The ranking was quantitatively evaluated as follows in the initial state and the state 4 hours after sitting. ：: The change in the thickness of the sheet sample at the buttocks of the body is 5 mm
Δ: change in thickness of the sheet sample at the buttocks of the body is 5-1
0 mm ×: The change in thickness of the sheet sample at the buttocks of the body is 15 m
m or more (3) Feeling of stuffiness The stuffy feeling of the buttocks after 1, 4 hours after sitting was qualitatively ranked as follows. ：: Slightly stuffy △: Slightly stuffy X: Slightly stuffy

Table 5 shows the results of evaluating the comfort and the like of the seat sample.

[0036]

[Table 1]

[0037]

[Table 2]

[0038]

[Table 3]

[0039]

[Table 4]

[0040]

[Table 5]

[0041]

The seat of the present invention comprises a cushion member and side grounds covering the cushion body, or a side ground and wading components. Depending on the combination of the components, moisture is absorbed from the side ground surface and / or It is designed to release moisture and / or water through a cushioning material, and / or to provide a gradient in the humidity state so that water is released. The effect is obtained in terms of comfort that can be obtained, railway cars, automobiles,
It is also useful as a cushioning material for seats on ships, homes, offices, etc.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A seat comprising a cushion body and a side ground covering the cushion body, or a cushion body, a side ground covering the cushion body, and a wading component, and cushions moisture absorbed and / or absorbed from the side ground surface. Through the material
A sheet characterized by discharging moisture and / or water. 2. The seat according to claim 1, wherein the side ground surface covering the cushion body is hydrophobic, and the side ground back surface, or the side ground back surface and wadding are hydrophilic. 3. The moisture permeability of the side ground covering the cushion body is 14
The sheet according to claim 1, wherein the weight is 5 g / m ² / h or more. 4. The seat according to claim 1, wherein the cushion body has a continuous space. 5. The cushion body has an air permeability of 10 to 500 cm.
³ / cm ² / sec, 50% hardness is 25% hardness 1.5
The sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which has a compression property of about to 2.2 times. 6. The seat according to claim 1, wherein the cushion body is a three-dimensional net-like structure having points where a number of continuous filaments of a thermoplastic elastic resin are alternately contacted. 7. The sheet according to claim 1, wherein the cushion body has a residual compression set at 70 ° C. of 15% or less. 8. The sheet according to claim 1, wherein the side ground covering the cushion body, or the side ground and the wading constituting member are made of a polyester resin having flame retardancy.