JPH1189361A - Additional fertilization machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an additional fertilization machine suitable for ensuring the uniformity of the growth of crops to enable the simultaneous harvest of transplanted crops by a machine. SOLUTION: This additional fertilization machine is provided with a fertilizer duct 11 for guiding the fertilizer in a fertilizer tank 10 to the base of a stock of crops F on a field or thereabout, a fertilization amount controlling mechanism 17 capable of arbitrarily controlling the amount of fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer discharging port 16 of the fertilizer duct 11 and a pneumatic transfer means 12 for transferring the fertilizer discharged through the fertilizer amount controlling means 17 to the fertilizer supplying part of a field by the pressure of air.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fertilizer capable of adjusting the amount of fertilizer supplied in accordance with the degree of growth of a crop in growing a crop such as vegetables in a field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method of cultivating a crop, a bed soil is supplied to a pot portion of a seedling tray having a large number of pot portions, seeded there, irrigated to raise a soil block seedling (cell shaped seedling), The transplanting cultivation method of transplanting this seedling (or a paper pot seedling, a pulp mold pot seedling, a connected pot seedling, etc.) to a field ridge, or sowing a seed directly in a field,
There is a direct sowing cultivation method that germinates and grows.

[0003] In the cultivation process of the crop, the worker re- fertilizes the crop several times before the crop grows. However, there is no machine suitable for re-fertilizing the growing crop. Was.

[0004]

The cell-molded seedlings have good uniformity of growth at the time of planting, but have low adaptability to the environment of the field because they are young seedlings, and the growth of the crop after planting even in the same field. There is a problem that the uniformity of the cultivation may be affected and the growth state may vary (the same applies to other transplant cultivation methods or direct sowing cultivation methods).

On the other hand, when the crop is grown and harvested, the uniform harvesting is premised on the mechanical harvesting, so that the uniformity of growth (the uniformity of the size of the crop) is important. If the degree is different, simultaneous harvesting by a harvester cannot be performed. In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a fertilizer capable of uniformly growing a crop so that the crop can be harvested all at once.

[0006]

The technical measures taken by the present invention to achieve the above object include a fertilizer conduit 11 for guiding the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank 10 to the vicinity of or near the plant F in the field. A fertilizer control mechanism 17 capable of arbitrarily adjusting the amount of fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer discharge port 16 of the fertilizer conduit 11; and supplying the fertilizer discharged via the fertilizer control mechanism 17 to a fertilizer in a field. It is characterized in that a pressure feeding means 12 for feeding pressure to the supply portion is provided.

Further, it is characterized in that the fertilizer is discharged from the fertilizer outlet 16 of the fertilizer conduit 11 by maintaining the inside of the fertilizer tank 10 at a high pressure. Also,
It is also characterized in that the fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer tank 10 is pumped toward the fertilizer discharge port 16 of the fertilizer conduit 11. Further, it is also characterized in that the fertilizer application amount adjusting mechanism 17 is provided on the fertilizer discharge port 16 side of the fertilizer conduit 11.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a crop F which is planted (or directly sowed) on a ridge R of a field at predetermined intervals in a longitudinal direction thereof. The top-dressing machine 1 is mainly composed of a traveling body 2 and a fertilizer application device 3 mounted thereon.

The traveling body 2 includes an engine E, a transmission case M, a fuel tank T, a battery, a pair of left and right drive wheels 6 which are rotationally driven by the rotational power of the engine E, a steering handle 7 extending rearward from the engine E side, and the like. The main-structured single-axis walking wheel tractor is adopted, and can run in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction) across the ridge R.

The traveling body 2 may be a two-axle wheel tractor for walking, a riding type tractor, or another traveling vehicle. The traveling body 2 may not be driven for traveling, and may be pushed by hand or carried on a back. It may be of a formula. Furthermore, as a method for attaching the fertilizer application device 3 to the traveling body 2, a direct mounting type is exemplified, but a traction type or a semi-direct mounting type may be used.

The fertilizer application device 3 includes a body frame 8 of the traveling body 2.
Fertilizer tank 1 which is mounted via a stand 9 or the like and stores a fertilizer for top-dressing such as a fast-acting compound fertilizer or a slow-acting fertilizer.
0, a fertilizer conduit 11 for guiding and supplying the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank 10 to or around the crop F in the field, and a blower (pressurizing means) 12. As shown in FIG. 1, the fertilizer tank 10 is tapered downward, and has a vertical opening shape, and the upper end opening is a lid 1.
3 is closed hermetically and openably and closably via a sealing material, and a fertilizer outlet 11 at a lower end is connected to a fertilizer conduit 11.
The top is connected.

The fertilizer conduit 11 is made of a hard pipe material or a flexible hose. The fertilizer discharge port 16 at the lower end is connected to the periphery of the plant F or in the vicinity thereof (in the illustrated example, the lateral direction of the crop F). (In the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ridges R) and sideways).
The fertilizer inside can be discharged (supplied) to or near the plant of the crop F. At the lower end side of the fertilizer conduit 11, that is, at the fertilizer outlet 16 side, a fertilizer application amount adjusting mechanism 17 that can arbitrarily adjust the amount of fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer outlet 16
Is provided.

The fertilizer control mechanism 17 includes a fertilizer conduit 11.
A lid 18 pivotally supported about a front-rear axis 19 to open and close the fertilizer discharge port 16 by the pivoting operation, and a motor 20 for rotating the lid 18 about the axis 19 to open and close. It is mainly composed of The motor 20 is composed of a servomotor or a step motor, and the opening degree of the fertilizer discharge port 16 by the lid 18 can be adjusted to any size steplessly or stepwise. The amount of fertilizer to be applied (the amount of fertilizer) can be adjusted.

On the other hand, the motor 2 of the
Operation means 21 including an operation lever (or operation switch or the like) for remotely operating the control means 0 is provided in the vicinity of the grip portion 22 of the steering handle 7 so as to be swingable.
The opening degree of the fertilizer discharge port 16 is adjusted according to the operation amount of. Thereby, it is possible to adjust the amount of fertilization without bending down and to obtain an effect that workability is good.

The blower 12 has a motor 23 and the motor 2
3 (or an engine E) that is rotationally driven by the fan 2
4 and a fan case 25 for accommodating the fan 24. The fan case 25 is formed with a suction port 25A for sucking air by rotation of the fan 24 and a discharge port 25B for discharging the sucked air. At the same time, the air discharged from the discharge port 25B is
A guide tube 26 for guiding the space above the fertilizer is provided,
The inside of the fertilizer tank 10 can be kept in a high pressure state.

The blower 12 has a fertilizer tank 1
There is provided a pressure control mechanism for controlling the pressure so that the inside of 0 is maintained at a predetermined pressure. In the first embodiment, the operator recognizes the size and the degree of growth of the crop F by the operator's eyes while running the traveling body 2 across the ridge R in the longitudinal direction thereof, and The operating means 21 is operated to adjust the amount of fertilizer so that the supply amount of fertilizer is increased for the crop F which is late and the normal amount of fertilizer is supplied to the crop F which has good growth. I do.

Then, in the case of liquid fertilizer, the pressure acting on the upper surface of the liquid fertilizer by the air fed from the blower 12 causes
In the case of the granular fertilizer, the fertilizer is pumped from the fertilizer outlet 16 to the fertilizer supply part of the field by the airflow discharged from the fertilizer tank 10 via the fertilizer conduit 11 through the fertilizer outlet 16. As soon as the worker determines the growth state of the crop F and switches the fertilization amount, an appropriate amount of fertilizer is supplied to the target fertilizer supply portion.

In this way, when fertilizing the crop F in the field,
The opening degree of the fertilizer discharge port 16 by the fertilizer application amount control mechanism 17, that is, the discharge amount of the fertilizer is adjusted so as to always discharge a normal amount of fertilizer. When the fertilizer discharge port 16 is located in the foreground), the amount of fertilizer is adjusted by the operating means 21 so that the amount of fertilizer discharged increases by an amount corresponding to the degree of growth delay of the crop F,
When passing through the crop F whose growth is delayed, the streak discharging method of returning the opening of the fertilizer outlet 16 to the original state, or when the fertilizer outlet 16 is located between the plants of the crop F, , The fertilizer outlet 16 is closed and the fertilizer outlet 16 is closed.
Is located at or near the side of the crop F, the crop F
A spot discharge method is adopted in which the fertilizer discharge port 16 is opened at an opening corresponding to the growth degree of the fertilizer to discharge the fertilizer.

In the above-described embodiment, the fertilizer is discharged to the upper surface of the ridge R. However, the fertilizer discharge port 16 (the lower end of the fertilizer conduit 11) is inserted into the soil, and the fertilizer is discharged into the soil. You may comprise so that it may discharge. In the spot discharging method, the fertilizer may be supplied before or after the crop F. In this case, left and right moving means for moving the fertilizer conduit 11 to the left and right, or elevating means for raising and lowering the fertilizer conduit 11 are required. It is said.

In the above embodiment, the fertilizer tank 10
A fertilizer discharge device for adjusting the amount of fertilizer discharged is provided on the lower side of the fertilizer, and the amount of fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer conduit 11 is adjusted by the fertilizer discharge device.
If the fertilizer is supplied from the beginning, a certain time is required from the confirmation of the crop F whose growth is delayed until the fertilizer is discharged, and the workability is poor. Since the fertilizer discharge amount is adjusted at the fertilizer discharge port 16, the growth degree of the crop F is visually checked, and then the amount of the fertilizer is adjusted to the target crop F (the target fertilizer supply portion). The fertilizer can be supplied immediately, the workability is good, it is convenient for the operation of topdressing while running, and the fertilizer is fed by the air fed from the blower 12, so that the fertilizer application amount adjusting mechanism 17 Wherever it is provided in the fertilizer distribution route from the fertilizer tank 10 to the fertilizer supply portion (for example, a fertilizer control mechanism 17 is provided at the lower end of the fertilizer tank 10 to open and close the fertilizer discharge port 14, 11 With only a slight time lag, the fertilizer is quickly pumped to the supply part, and the fertilizer according to the degree of growth of the crop F is immediately applied to the crop F. Supplied.

In the above-described embodiment, the constant pressure supply type by the blower 12 is exemplified as the pressure supply means.
It may be a pressure accumulating type equipped with an air chamber communicating with the fertilizer tank 10 and a pump for storing compressed air in the air chamber. FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment, and the points different from the first embodiment will be described.
Is connected to the upper end side of the fertilizer conduit 11, and the lower end side of the fertilizer conduit 11 is provided with first and second detection sensors S1 and S2 for detecting the size of the crop F. The two sizes of the crop F are identified based on whether or not the first detection sensor S1 detects the crop F, and the first and second crops are determined.
The detection sensors S1 and S2 detect the crop F so that the large crop F with good growth can be identified.

A guide pipe 27 is attached to the lower end side of the fertilizer tank 10, and a lower end outlet 27A of the guide pipe 27 is
The fertilizer in the fertilizer tank 10 penetrates the guide tube 26 of the blower 12 and is disposed therein. The fertilizer in the fertilizer tank 10 reaches the guide tube 26 of the blower 12 via the guide tube 27, and is air-fed from the blower 12. It is pumped through the fertilizer conduit 11 to the fertilizer outlet 16, discharged from the fertilizer outlet 16 and pumped to the fertilizer supply part.

The fertilizer application amount adjusting mechanism 17 is provided in the guide tube 27, and is provided with a motor 28 and a fertilizer by a concave portion formed on the surface of the guide tube 27, which is rotated around the rotation shaft 29 by the motor 28 and is driven by the motor 28. And a feed roller 30 that feeds the sheet downward. In this case, by controlling the number of rotations (the amount of rotation) of the motor 28, it is possible to adjust the amount of fertilization and to discharge the streak or spot of the fertilizer.

The fertilizer may be discharged by a screw-type roll, an impeller or the like instead of the feed roller 30. Further, as the fertilizer application amount adjusting mechanism 17, another type of fertilizer discharging mechanism may be adopted. Further, in this embodiment, a controller 31 for controlling the motor 28 is provided, and detection signals of the first and second detection sensors S1 and S2 are input to the controller 31. Is configured.

In this embodiment, the first,
The detection signals of the second detection sensors S1 and S2 are input to the controller 31, the controller 31 identifies the degree of growth of the crop F, and controls the motor 28 based on the result, and controls the motor 28 according to the degree of growth of the crop F. An appropriate amount of fertilizer is fed by the feed roller 30, and the fertilizer is fed to the fertilizer supply section of the field by the airflow from the blower 12.

[0026] Other methods of adjusting the amount of fertilizer include:
The fertilizer conduit 11 is branched from the middle part to a plurality of pipes, and a plurality of fertilizer outlets 16 are provided. These fertilizer outlets 16 are selectively opened and closed by operation of the fertilizer amount adjusting operation means to adjust the amount of fertilizer. It is conceivable to do so.

[0027]

According to the present invention, the amount of fertilizer applied can be adjusted in accordance with the degree of growth of the crop F when topdressing the crop F, whereby the degree of growth of the crop F can be made uniform, and F can be harvested all at once. In addition, when a person walks (in a walking type or backpack type fertilizer) or performs a fertilization operation on a tractor or the like (in a riding type top fertilizer), the crop F is observed and the fertilization amount is adjusted according to the growth degree. In this case, if a person judges the growth state of the crop F and switches the amount of fertilizer discharged, the fertilizer of that amount is not immediately supplied to the crop F, so that the workability is significantly deteriorated. In other words, in the topdressing work while moving, it is important how quickly and appropriate amount of fertilizer is supplied to the crop F in a short time. In the present invention, in particular, it is necessary to pump the fertilizer to the fertilizer supply portion of the field. Thereby, it is possible to quickly supply the crop F with an amount of fertilizer according to the growth degree of the crop F, and it is possible to provide a topdressing machine with good workability.

Further, by providing a fertilizer application amount adjusting mechanism 17 at the fertilizer discharge port 16 side, which is capable of arbitrarily adjusting the amount of fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer conduit 11, the supply of fertilizer to the crop F can be promptly performed. I can do it.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a rear view of a fertilizer applicator according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view of the topdressing machine.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of a fertilizer application side according to the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fertilizer tank 11 Fertilizer conduit 12 Pumping means 16 Fertilizer outlet 17 Fertilizer control mechanism F Crops

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] October 3, 1997

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0002

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0002]

As cultivation method BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Crop supplies bed soil in the pot portion of the cell tray having a plurality of pot portion, seeded thereto, and nursery the cell Le Seedlings and watering the seedlings (or , A paper pot seedling, a pulp mold pot seedling, a connected pot seedling, or the like) or a direct sowing cultivation method in which a seed is directly sown in a field, germinated and grown.

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0004

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0004]

The cell-molded seedlings have good uniformity of growth at the time of planting, but have low adaptability to the environment of the field because they are young seedlings, and the growth of the crop after planting even in the same field. There is a problem that the uniformity of cultivation affects the uniformity of growth and the growth state becomes non-uniform (the same applies to other transplant cultivation methods or direct sowing cultivation methods).

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0005

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

On the other hand, when the crop is grown and harvested, the uniform harvesting is premised on the mechanical harvesting, so that the uniformity of growth (the uniformity of the size of the crop) is important. If the degree is not uniform , simultaneous harvesting by a harvester cannot be performed. In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a fertilizer capable of uniformly growing a crop so that the crop can be harvested all at once.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0011

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

The fertilizer application device 3 includes a body frame 8 of the traveling body 2.
A fertilizer tank 10 of top dressing fertilizer fast-acting chemical fertilizer etc. <br/> is stored while being mounted via the frame 9 and the like, when strains of crop F fertilizer field of the fertilizer tank 10 or Fertilizer conduit 11 for guiding and supplying the surroundings, and blower (pressurizing means) 1
2 is mainly composed. As shown in FIG. 1, the fertilizer tank 10 has a downward tapered shape and a vertical opening shape, and the upper end opening is airtightly opened and closed by a lid 13 via a sealing material. It is closed, and the upper part of the fertilizer conduit 11 is connected to the fertilizer discharge port 14 at the lower end.

[Procedure amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0027

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0027]

According to the present invention, the amount of fertilizer applied can be adjusted in accordance with the degree of growth of the crop F when topdressing the crop F, whereby the degree of growth of the crop F can be made uniform, and F can be harvested all at once. Also,
When a fertilizer application is performed while a person walks (in a walking type or backpack type fertilizer) or on a tractor (in a riding type fertilizer), the crop F is observed and the fertilization amount is adjusted according to the degree of growth. However, if a person judges the growth state of the crop F and switches the amount of fertilizer discharge immediately, if the fertilizer of that amount is not supplied to the crop F, the workability is significantly deteriorated. In other words, in the topdressing work while moving, it is important how quickly and appropriate amount of fertilizer is supplied to the crop F in a short time. In the present invention, in particular, it is necessary to pump the fertilizer to the fertilizer supply portion of the field. Thereby, it is possible to quickly supply the crop F with an amount of fertilizer according to the growth degree of the crop F, and it is possible to provide a topdressing machine with good workability.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A fertilizer conduit (1) for guiding fertilizer in a fertilizer tank (10) to the vicinity of or near a stock of a field crop (F).
1), and the fertilizer outlet (1) of the fertilizer conduit (11).
And 6) a fertilizer control mechanism (17) capable of arbitrarily adjusting the amount of fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer.
7) A fertilizer further comprising a pumping means (12) for pumping the fertilizer discharged via the fertilizer to a fertilizer supply part in a field. 2. The fertilizer outlet (1) of the fertilizer conduit (11) is maintained by maintaining the inside of the fertilizer tank (10) at high pressure.
The fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer is discharged from (6). 3. Fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer tank (10) is pumped towards the fertilizer outlet (16) of the fertilizer conduit (11). 4. The fertilizer application mechanism (17) includes a fertilizer conduit (1).
The fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fertilizer is provided on the side of the fertilizer discharge port (16).