JPH1180276A - Novel maleimide-styrene copolymer, its production and quadratic nonlinear optical material - Google Patents

Novel maleimide-styrene copolymer, its production and quadratic nonlinear optical material

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Publication number
JPH1180276A
JPH1180276A JP25935597A JP25935597A JPH1180276A JP H1180276 A JPH1180276 A JP H1180276A JP 25935597 A JP25935597 A JP 25935597A JP 25935597 A JP25935597 A JP 25935597A JP H1180276 A JPH1180276 A JP H1180276A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
maleimide
formula
molecular weight
copolymer
nonlinear optical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP25935597A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3550638B2 (en
Inventor
Hiroo Matsuda
宏雄 松田
Takashi Fukuda
隆史 福田
Shinji Yamada
真治 山田
Masao Kato
政雄 加藤
Hachiro Nakanishi
八郎 中西
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
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Priority to JP25935597A priority Critical patent/JP3550638B2/en
Publication of JPH1180276A publication Critical patent/JPH1180276A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3550638B2 publication Critical patent/JP3550638B2/en
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a novel polymeric substance which does not show the relaxation of an aligned structure at high temperatures and having good heat stability and quadratic nonlinear optical properties by using a maleimide/styrene copolymer comprising three types of structural units having specified structures and having a specified number-average molecular weight. SOLUTION: This copolymer comprises structural units of formulas I, II and III (wherein R is H or methyl) and has a number-average molecular weight of 10,000-200,000. This is obtained by the following reactions. A mixture of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)maleimide represented by formula I with an α-methylstyrene represented by formula II is heated to 50-100 deg.C in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator (e.g. acetyl peroxide) in a polymerization solvent (the ratio between the constituents of the mixture is in the range of 2:1 to 1:2). The obtained white solid is reacted with a red dye represented by formula IV (wherein R is H or methyl) in the presence of a condensing agent in a reaction solvent to obtain a compound comprising structural units of formulas I to III and being in the form of a reddish brown solid.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、二次非線形光学特
性を示す新規なマレイミド−スチレン系共重合体、その
製造方法及びそれを用いた有機二次非線形光学材料に関
するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a novel maleimide-styrene copolymer exhibiting second-order nonlinear optical characteristics, a method for producing the same, and an organic second-order nonlinear optical material using the same.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】これからの高度情報化社会においては、
大容量かつ精密な情報を高速、高密度、高効率で伝達処
理することが必要になってくる。そして、光は、並列、
空間処理性、多量操作性、高密度性などの特性を有する
ことから電子技術と相補ってこの分野で重要な役割を果
たすことが予測されている。ところで、この光を利用す
るために必要な材料の1つとして、最近有機非線形光学
材料が注目されている。
2. Description of the Related Art In the advanced information society in the future,
It is necessary to transmit large-capacity and precise information at high speed, high density and high efficiency. And the light is parallel,
It is expected that it will play an important role in this field in combination with electronic technology because of its properties such as spatial processing properties, mass operability, and high density. Incidentally, an organic nonlinear optical material has recently been receiving attention as one of the materials necessary for utilizing this light.

【0003】これまで知られている無機材料による非線
形効果は格子振動吸収により発現するものであるのに対
し、有機材料による非線形効果は、非局在のπ電子系が
置換基によって歪むために生じる双極子モーメントによ
るものであって、基本的に格子振動を伴わないためより
高速の応答が可能になる。
[0005] The nonlinear effect of inorganic materials known up to now is manifested by absorption of lattice vibration, whereas the nonlinear effect of organic materials is a dipole generated by the delocalized π electron system being distorted by substituents. This is due to the child moment and basically does not involve lattice vibration, so that a faster response is possible.

【0004】ところで、二次の非線形効果を生じさせる
ためには、誘起した双極子モーメントを同一方向に配向
させることが必要で、これには有機結晶によるアプロー
チ、LB膜や液晶によるアプローチ、電場配向すなわち
ポーリングによるアプローチなどが知られているが、ポ
ーリングによるアプローチは他の方法に比べ簡単なプロ
セスで配向構造を得ることができ、分子設計において比
較的制約がないため、いろいろな分子について配向させ
て二次の非線形効果を生じさせることができるという利
点がある。
In order to generate a second-order nonlinear effect, it is necessary to align the induced dipole moments in the same direction. This requires an approach using an organic crystal, an approach using an LB film or a liquid crystal, and an electric field alignment. In other words, the poling approach is known, but the poling approach can obtain an oriented structure by a simpler process than other methods, and there are relatively few restrictions in molecular design. There is an advantage that a second-order nonlinear effect can be generated.

【0005】しかしながら、このようにして得られる二
次の非線形光学効果は、それを生じる分子中の活性基
が、分子の熱運動や電気的反発により緩和するため経時
的に減少するという傾向がある。このような二次の非線
形光学効果の経時的減少を抑制する方法として、これま
で高分子の場合、ガラス転移温度付近で十分に熱処理し
ながらポーリングを行うこと、ガラス転移温度の高い材
料を用いることなどが提案されているが、必ずしも満足
できる結果が得られていない。
[0005] However, the second-order nonlinear optical effect obtained in this manner tends to decrease with time because the active group in the molecule that causes it is relaxed by thermal motion or electric repulsion of the molecule. . As a method of suppressing such a time-dependent decrease of the second-order nonlinear optical effect, in the case of a polymer in the past, poling is performed while sufficiently heat-treating around a glass transition temperature, and a material having a high glass transition temperature is used. However, satisfactory results have not been obtained.

【0006】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、高温におけ
る配向構造の緩和を示さない、熱安定性の良好な二次の
非線形光学特性を有する新規な高分子物質を提供するこ
とを目的としてなされたものである。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel polymer material which does not exhibit relaxation of the alignment structure at high temperatures and has good thermal stability and secondary quadratic optical characteristics. It is a thing.

【0007】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、二次の非
線形光学特性を有する高分子物質を開発するために鋭意
研究を重ねた結果、高ガラス転移点の高分子を生じるマ
レイミドを主鎖中に導入して剛直な重合体骨格を形成さ
せ、これに側鎖として非線形光学活性基をペンダントさ
せることにより、高温における配向構造の緩和が抑制さ
れた二次の非線形光学特性を有する高分子物質が得られ
ることを見出し、この知見に基づいて本発明をなすに至
った。
Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to develop a polymer material having a second-order nonlinear optical characteristic, and as a result, have found that maleimide that produces a polymer having a high glass transition point is mainly used. Polymers with second-order nonlinear optical properties in which the relaxation of the alignment structure at high temperatures is suppressed by introducing a rigid polymer skeleton into the chain and forming a pendant nonlinear optically active group as a side chain. The inventors have found that a substance can be obtained, and have led to the present invention based on this finding.

【0008】すなわち、本発明は、(A)式That is, the present invention provides a method of formula (A)

【化11】 で表わされる構成単位、(B)式Embedded image Structural unit represented by the formula (B)

【化12】 で表わされる構成単位及び(C)一般式Embedded image And a structural unit represented by the general formula (C):

【化13】 (式中のRは水素原子又はメチル基である)で表わされ
る構成単位からなり、数平均分子量10,000〜20
0,000を有するマレイミド−スチレン系共重合体及
びこれからなる二次非線形光学材料を提供するものであ
る。
Embedded image (Wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group), and has a number average molecular weight of 10,000 to 20.
An object of the present invention is to provide a maleimide-styrene copolymer having a molecular weight of 0000 and a secondary nonlinear optical material comprising the same.

【0009】前記のマレイミド−スチレン系共重合体
は、例えばN‐(4‐ヒドロキシフェニル)マレイミド
とα‐メチルスチレンとをラジカル重合開始剤の存在下
で共重合させ、次いでこのようにして得た共重合体に、
一般式
The above-mentioned maleimide-styrene copolymer is obtained, for example, by copolymerizing N- (4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide and α-methylstyrene in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator, and then obtained in this manner. In the copolymer,
General formula

【化14】 (式中のRは前記と同じ意味をもつ)で表わされる赤色
染料を反応させることによって製造することができる。
Embedded image (R in the formula has the same meaning as described above).

【0010】[0010]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明のマレイミド−スチレン系
共重合体は、次の反応式に従って、N‐(4‐ヒドロキ
シフェニル)マレイミドとα‐メチルスチレンとをラジ
カル共重合させてN‐(4‐ヒドロキシフェニル)マレ
イミドとα‐メチルスチレンとの共重合体(V)を製造
する第一工程と、この共重合体(V)に前記一般式(I
V)の赤色染料を反応させて、前記構成単位(I)、
(II)及び(III)からなる共重合体(VI)を製
造する第二工程を順次行うことにより製造することがで
きる。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The maleimide-styrene copolymer of the present invention is obtained by radically copolymerizing N- (4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide and α-methylstyrene according to the following reaction formula. -Hydroxyphenyl) maleimide and α-methylstyrene in the first step of producing a copolymer (V), and the copolymer (V) has the above-mentioned general formula (I)
V) by reacting the red dye, the structural unit (I),
It can be produced by sequentially performing the second step of producing the copolymer (VI) composed of (II) and (III).

【化15】 (式中のx、y及びzは1以上の整数である)Embedded image (Where x, y and z in the formula are integers of 1 or more)

【化16】 (式中のR、x、y及びzは前記と同じ意味をもち、x
1+x2=xである)
Embedded image (R, x, y and z in the formula have the same meaning as described above, and x
1, which is a + x 2 = x)

【0011】この第一工程の共重合反応は、N‐(4‐
ヒドロキシフェニル)マレイミドとα‐メチルスチレン
との混合物を、重合溶媒中、ラジカル重合開始剤の存在
下で加熱することにより行われる。この際のN‐(4‐
ヒドロキシフェニル)マレイミドとα‐メチルスチレン
との使用割合は、モル比で2:1ないし1:2、好まし
くは1.2:1ないし1:1.2の範囲内で選ばれる。
これよりもα‐メチルスチレンの量が少ないと所望の物
性を有する共重合体が得られないし、またこれよりもN
‐(4‐ヒドロキシフェニル)マレイミドの量が少ない
と、高温における配向構造の緩和を防止することができ
ない上、後続工程における赤色染料の導入量が低くな
り、所望の二次非線形光学活性が得られない。
[0011] The copolymerization reaction of the first step is carried out by N- (4-
It is carried out by heating a mixture of (hydroxyphenyl) maleimide and α-methylstyrene in a polymerization solvent in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator. N- (4-
The ratio of (hydroxyphenyl) maleimide to α-methylstyrene used is selected in a molar ratio of 2: 1 to 1: 2, preferably 1.2: 1 to 1: 1.2.
If the amount of α-methylstyrene is smaller than this, a copolymer having desired physical properties cannot be obtained, and N
When the amount of-(4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide is small, the relaxation of the alignment structure at a high temperature cannot be prevented, and the amount of the red dye introduced in the subsequent step becomes low, so that the desired second-order nonlinear optical activity can be obtained. Absent.

【0012】この共重合反応は、溶液重合、乳化重合、
懸濁重合のいずれでもよいが、第二工程を連続して行い
うるという点で溶液重合が好ましい。この場合、重合溶
媒を使用しないで行うこともできるが、重合溶媒を用い
る場合には、テトラヒドロフラン、ジメチルホルムアミ
ド、ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジ
エチルスルホキシドなどが好適である。そのほか、ベン
ゼン、ニトロベンゼンなどの炭化水素類、第三ブチルア
ルコールのようなアルコール類も用いられる。
The copolymerization reaction includes solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization,
Although any of suspension polymerization may be used, solution polymerization is preferred in that the second step can be performed continuously. In this case, the reaction can be carried out without using a polymerization solvent, but when a polymerization solvent is used, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide, diethylsulfoxide and the like are preferable. In addition, hydrocarbons such as benzene and nitrobenzene, and alcohols such as tert-butyl alcohol are also used.

【0013】また、ラジカル重合開始剤としては、過酸
化アセチル、過酸化ベンゾイル、過酸化ラウロイル、過
酸化t‐ジブチルのような過酸化物系重合開始剤や、ア
ゾビスイソブチロニトリル、アゾビスシアノ吉草酸、ア
ゾビスシクロヘキサンカルボニトリル、アゾビスイソブ
チルアミジン塩酸塩のようなアゾ系重合開始剤が用いら
れる。このラジカル重合開始剤の使用量は、通常、単量
体全重量に基づき0.05〜5.0重量%の範囲内で選
ばれる。
Examples of the radical polymerization initiator include peroxide polymerization initiators such as acetyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, and t-dibutyl peroxide, and azobisisobutyronitrile and azobiscyanochloride. An azo-based polymerization initiator such as herbic acid, azobiscyclohexanecarbonitrile, or azobisisobutylamidine hydrochloride is used. The amount of the radical polymerization initiator used is usually selected in the range of 0.05 to 5.0% by weight based on the total weight of the monomers.

【0014】次に、この共重合反応の温度としては、5
0〜100℃、好ましくは60〜80℃の範囲が好まし
い。これよりも低い温度では、反応速度が遅く実用的で
ないし、またこれよりも高い温度では、副反応を生じ、
最終的に得られる共重合体の品質低下の原因になる。こ
の温度における重合時間は通常10〜50時間である。
このようにして、数平均分子量6,000〜130,0
00程度のN‐(4‐ヒドロキシフェニル)マレイミド
とα‐メチルスチレンとの共重合体(V)が白色固体と
して得られる。このもののMw/Mn比は、通常1.5
〜3.0の範囲であり、狭い分子量分布を示す。
Next, the temperature of this copolymerization reaction is 5
A range from 0 to 100C, preferably from 60 to 80C is preferred. At lower temperatures, the reaction rate is slow and impractical, and at higher temperatures, side reactions occur,
This may cause a deterioration in the quality of the finally obtained copolymer. The polymerization time at this temperature is usually 10 to 50 hours.
In this way, the number average molecular weight is 6,000 to 130,0.
About 00 of the copolymer (V) of N- (4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide and α-methylstyrene is obtained as a white solid. The Mw / Mn ratio of this is usually 1.5
~ 3.0, indicating a narrow molecular weight distribution.

【0015】次に、第二工程においては、このようにし
て得た共重合体に、前記一般式(IV)の赤色染料を反
応させる。この際、縮合剤として、トリフェニルホスフ
ィンとアゾジカルボン酸ジエチルエステルとを用いるの
が好ましい。この赤色染料としては、一般式(IV)に
おいてRが水素原子のもの、Rがメチル基でアゾ基に対
し、オルト位に結合しているもの、及びニトロ基がアゾ
基に対し、オルト位又はパラ位に結合しているものがあ
る。これらの赤色染料は高分子化合物の側鎖に導入して
二次非線形光学材料を形成させるクロモフォアとしてよ
く知られているものである。
Next, in the second step, the thus obtained copolymer is reacted with the red dye of the general formula (IV). At this time, it is preferable to use triphenylphosphine and diethyl azodicarboxylate as the condensing agent. As the red dye, those represented by the general formula (IV) in which R is a hydrogen atom, R is a methyl group bonded to the azo group at an ortho position, and a nitro group is an ortho position or a azo group. Some are attached to the para position. These red dyes are well known as chromophores that are introduced into the side chain of a polymer compound to form a second-order nonlinear optical material.

【0016】上記の赤色染料の導入率は、生成する共重
合体の二次非線形光学特性に応じて選択される。この導
入率は、赤色染料の使用量、反応時間により左右される
が、通常50〜95モル%、好ましくは70〜90モル
%の範囲である。例えば、共重合体中のヒドロキシル基
当量よりもやや過剰に使用し、40〜50時間反応させ
た場合、ヒドロキシル基の約70モル%以上に、この赤
色染料を導入することができる。
The rate of introduction of the red dye is selected according to the second-order nonlinear optical characteristics of the copolymer to be produced. This introduction ratio depends on the amount of the red dye used and the reaction time, but is usually in the range of 50 to 95 mol%, preferably 70 to 90 mol%. For example, when used in a slight excess of the hydroxyl group equivalent in the copolymer and allowed to react for 40 to 50 hours, the red dye can be introduced into about 70 mol% or more of the hydroxyl groups.

【0017】この第二工程は、反応溶媒としてテトラヒ
ドロフラン、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルアセトア
ミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジエチルスルホキシドな
どを用いて行われる。このようにして前記一般式(V
I)の構造をもつ数平均分子量10,000〜200,
000のマレイミド−スチレン系共重合体が、ガラス転
移温度190℃程度の赤褐色固体として得られる。この
ようにして得られたマレイミド−スチレン系共重合体
は、文献未載の二次非線形光学特性を示す新規化合物
で、その最適ポーリング温度は155〜165℃であ
る。
This second step is carried out using a reaction solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide, diethylsulfoxide and the like. Thus, the general formula (V
The number average molecular weight having the structure of I) 10,000 to 200,
000 maleimide-styrene copolymer is obtained as a reddish brown solid having a glass transition temperature of about 190 ° C. The thus obtained maleimide-styrene copolymer is a novel compound exhibiting second-order nonlinear optical properties not described in any literature, and its optimum poling temperature is 155 to 165 ° C.

【0018】[0018]

【実施例】次に、実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に説
明する。
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

【0019】実施例 N‐(4‐ヒドロキシフェニル)マレイミド0.74g
(4.23ミリモル)と、α‐メチルスチレン0.50
g(4.23ミリモル)と、2,2′‐アゾビスイソブ
チロニトリル0.03g(0.17ミリモル)と、テト
ラヒドロフラン0.5ミリリットルとを1.0ミリリッ
トル容アンプル管に入れ、液体窒素を用いて脱気したの
ち、溶封し、24時間、60〜70℃に維持した。次い
で、生成物を取り出し、メタノールを用いて2回再沈殿
して精製した。このようにして、N‐(4‐ヒドロキシ
フェニル)マレイミドとα‐メチルスチレンとの共重合
体1.05gを淡黄色固体として得た。収率84%。こ
のものの分子量をゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフ
ィー法により測定したところ、数平均分子量(Mn)は
25,000であった。このものの1H−NMRチャー
トを図1に示す。このチャートの水酸基によるピークと
ベンゼン環によるピークの積分値の比が1:0.9であ
ることから、N‐(4‐ヒドロキシフェニル)マレイミ
ド単位とα‐メチルスチレン単位とのモル比は、ほぼ
1:1であることが分かった。
Example 0.74 g of N- (4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide
(4.23 mmol) and α-methylstyrene 0.50
g (4.23 mmol), 0.02 g (0.17 mmol) of 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.5 ml of tetrahydrofuran were placed in a 1.0 ml ampoule tube. After degassing using, the container was sealed and maintained at 60 to 70 ° C for 24 hours. The product was then removed and purified by reprecipitation twice using methanol. Thus, 1.05 g of a copolymer of N- (4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide and α-methylstyrene was obtained as a pale yellow solid. Yield 84%. Its molecular weight was measured by gel permeation chromatography to find that the number average molecular weight (Mn) was 25,000. FIG. 1 shows the 1 H-NMR chart of this product. Since the ratio of the integrated value of the peak due to the hydroxyl group to the peak due to the benzene ring in this chart is 1: 0.9, the molar ratio between the N- (4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide unit and the α-methylstyrene unit is almost It was found to be 1: 1.

【0020】次に、前記の共重合体0.38g(1.2
2ミリモル)と、トリフェニルホスフィン0.45g
(1.71ミリモル)と、前記一般式(IV)における
Rが水素原子で、ニトロ基がアゾ基に対しパラ位に結合
している赤色染料DR−1 0.46g(1.47ミリ
モル)とを、テトラヒドロフラン20ミリリットルに溶
解し、アルゴン雰囲気中において、この中へアゾジカル
ボン酸ジエチルエステル0.30g(1.71ミリモ
ル)を滴下した。室温において48時間反応させたの
ち、生成物を回収し、メタノールで2回再沈殿させて精
製した。このようにして目的とするN‐(4‐ヒドロキ
シフェニル)マレイミド単位とα‐メチルスチレン単位
と前記一般式(III)においてRが水素原子でニトロ
基がアゾ基に対しパラ位に結合している構成単位からな
る共重合体0.65gを赤褐色固体として得た。紫外線
吸収スペクトルによりこのものの赤色染料DR−1含有
率を求めたところ、ヒドロキシル基当量に基づき76%
であることが分った。また、示差走査熱量測定によるガ
ラス転移温度は190℃であった。ゲルパーミエーショ
ンクロマトグラフィーによる分子量測定は、その排除限
界を越えたため測定できなかったので、赤色染料DR−
1の分子量及びその含有率に基づいて計算したところ、
約50,000であった。このものの1H−NMRチャ
ートを図2に示す。
Next, 0.38 g of the above copolymer (1.2 g)
2 mmol) and 0.45 g of triphenylphosphine
(1.71 mmol) and 0.46 g (1.47 mmol) of a red dye DR-1 in which R in the general formula (IV) is a hydrogen atom and a nitro group is bonded to the azo group in a para position. Was dissolved in 20 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and in an argon atmosphere, 0.30 g (1.71 mmol) of diethyl azodicarboxylate was added dropwise thereto. After reacting at room temperature for 48 hours, the product was recovered and purified by reprecipitation twice with methanol. In this way, the desired N- (4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide unit, α-methylstyrene unit and R in the formula (III) are a hydrogen atom and the nitro group is bonded to the azo group at the para position. 0.65 g of a copolymer composed of structural units was obtained as a red-brown solid. The content of the red dye DR-1 in this product was determined by an ultraviolet absorption spectrum and found to be 76% based on the hydroxyl equivalent.
It turned out to be. The glass transition temperature by differential scanning calorimetry was 190 ° C. Since the molecular weight measurement by gel permeation chromatography could not be performed because the exclusion limit was exceeded, the red dye DR-
When calculated based on the molecular weight of 1 and its content,
It was about 50,000. FIG. 2 shows the 1 H-NMR chart of this product.

【0021】参考例1 実施例で得た共重合体を、0.6重量%濃度のクロロホ
ルム溶液とし、スライドガラス上に、500rpm、3
0秒間の条件下でスピンコートした。次いで、このよう
にして調製した膜厚約800Åの試料4個を、それぞれ
120、140、160、180℃の温度において、コ
ロナポーリング法に従い、5kW/cm2の強さで20
分間電場印加したのち、二次非線形光学定数(d33)の
値を求めた。このd33値は、回転式メーカーフリンジ法
に従い、Nb:YAGレーザ(λ=1064nm)を励
起光として用いた試料のSHG測定で得られるフリンジ
と、リファレンス(SiO2)のフリンジから求めた。
この結果をグラフとして図3に示す。このグラフより、
この共重合体の最適ポーリング温度は約160℃である
ことが分る。
Reference Example 1 The copolymer obtained in the Example was converted into a 0.6% by weight chloroform solution and placed on a slide glass at 500 rpm and 3 rpm.
Spin coating was performed under the condition of 0 second. Next, four samples having a film thickness of about 800 ° thus prepared were subjected to a corona poling method at temperatures of 120, 140, 160 and 180 ° C., respectively, at a strength of 5 kW / cm 2 and a strength of 5 kW / cm 2.
After applying an electric field for a minute, the value of the second-order nonlinear optical constant (d 33 ) was determined. The d 33 value was determined from the fringe obtained by SHG measurement of a sample using Nb: YAG laser (λ = 1064 nm) as excitation light and the fringe of reference (SiO 2 ) according to the rotary maker fringe method.
This result is shown in FIG. 3 as a graph. From this graph,
It can be seen that the optimum poling temperature for this copolymer is about 160 ° C.

【0022】参考例2 実施例で得た共重合体を、1重量%濃度の塩化メチレン
溶液として、スライドガラス上にスピンコートし、膜厚
880Åのフイルムを形成し、110℃で7時間アニー
リングしてフイルム中の低分子物質を除去したのち、1
60℃でポーリングし、空気中、80℃において、11
00時間までの経時緩和を調べた。この結果をグラフと
して図4に示す。このグラフより、本発明の共重合体は
優れた経時安定性を有することが分る。
Reference Example 2 The copolymer obtained in the Example was spin-coated on a slide glass as a 1% by weight methylene chloride solution to form a film having a thickness of 880 ° C., and annealed at 110 ° C. for 7 hours. After removing low molecular substances in the film by
Poling at 60 ° C. and 11 ° C. in air at 80 ° C.
The relaxation with time up to 00 hours was examined. This result is shown in FIG. 4 as a graph. This graph shows that the copolymer of the present invention has excellent temporal stability.

【0023】[0023]

【発明の効果】本発明の共重合体は、二次非線形光学特
性を有する新規化合物であって、しかも長時間にわたっ
て、高温における二次非線形光学特性の緩和に対して、
優れた抑制効果を示す。
The copolymer of the present invention is a novel compound having a second-order nonlinear optical characteristic, and further has a long-term effect on the relaxation of the second-order nonlinear optical characteristic at high temperature.
It shows excellent suppression effect.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】 N‐(4‐ヒドロキシフェニル)マレイミド
とα‐メチルスチレンとの共重合体とのNMRチャー
ト。
FIG. 1 is an NMR chart of a copolymer of N- (4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide and α-methylstyrene.

【図2】 本発明共重合体のNMRチャート。FIG. 2 is an NMR chart of the copolymer of the present invention.

【図3】 本発明共重合体のポーリング温度とd33との
関係を示すグラフ。
Graph showing the relationship between the poling temperature and d 33 of the present invention; FIG copolymer.

【図4】 本発明共重合体の二次非線形光学特性の経時
緩和を示すグラフ。
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the time-dependent relaxation of the second-order nonlinear optical characteristics of the copolymer of the present invention.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 福田 隆史 茨城県つくば市吾妻1丁目401棟703号 (72)発明者 山田 真治 茨城県つくば市東1丁目1番 工業技術院 物質工学工業技術研究所内 (72)発明者 加藤 政雄 千葉県野田市山崎2641 東京理科大学基礎 工学部内 (72)発明者 中西 八郎 宮城県仙台市青葉区片平2−1−1 東北 大学反応化学研究所内 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Takashi Fukuda 1-401, Azuma 1-chome, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki Prefecture (72) Inventor Shinji Yamada 1-1-1 Azuma, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki Pref. 72) Inventor Masao Kato 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba Pref., Faculty of Engineering Science, Tokyo University of Science (72) Inventor Hachiro Nakanishi 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi Pref.

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 (A)式 【化1】 で表わされる構成単位、(B)式 【化2】 で表わされる構成単位及び(C)一般式 【化3】 (式中のRは水素原子又はメチル基である)で表わされ
る構成単位からなり、数平均分子量10,000〜20
0,000を有するマレイミド−スチレン系共重合体。
(1) Formula (A) A structural unit represented by the formula (B): And a structural unit represented by the general formula (C): (Wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group), and has a number average molecular weight of 10,000 to 20.
A maleimide-styrene copolymer having a molecular weight of about 000.
【請求項2】 N‐(4‐ヒドロキシフェニル)マレイ
ミドとα‐メチルスチレンとをラジカル重合開始剤の存
在下で共重合させ、次いでこのようにして得た共重合体
に、一般式 【化4】 (式中のRは水素原子又はメチル基である)で表わされ
る赤色染料を反応させることを特徴とする、(A)式 【化5】 で表わされる構成単位、(B)式 【化6】 で表わされる構成単位及び(C)一般式 【化7】 (式中のRは水素原子又はメチル基である)で表わされ
る構成単位からなり、数平均分子量10,000〜20
0,000を有するマレイミド−スチレン系共重合体の
製造方法。
2. A copolymer of N- (4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide and α-methylstyrene in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator, and then the copolymer thus obtained has the general formula: ] (A) wherein a red dye represented by the formula (A) is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group: A structural unit represented by the formula (B): And a structural unit represented by the general formula (C): (Wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group), and has a number average molecular weight of 10,000 to 20.
A method for producing a maleimide-styrene copolymer having a molecular weight of 0.000.
【請求項3】 (A)式 【化8】 で表わされる構成単位、(B)式 【化9】 で表わされる構成単位及び(C)一般式 【化10】 (式中のRは水素原子又はメチル基である)で表わされ
る構成単位からなり、数平均分子量10,000〜20
0,000を有するマレイミド−スチレン系共重合体か
らなる二次非線形光学材料。
(3) Formula (A) A structural unit represented by the formula (B): And a structural unit represented by the general formula (C): (Wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group), and has a number average molecular weight of 10,000 to 20.
A second-order nonlinear optical material comprising a maleimide-styrene copolymer having a molecular weight of 0000.
JP25935597A 1997-09-08 1997-09-08 Novel maleimide-styrene copolymer, method for producing the same, and second-order nonlinear optical material Expired - Lifetime JP3550638B2 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002521552A (en) * 1998-07-25 2002-07-16 イギリス国 Liquid crystal polymer
JP2002265442A (en) * 2001-03-14 2002-09-18 Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc Derivative of maleimide and method of manufacturing photo-orienting film
KR100355299B1 (en) * 1998-02-24 2002-12-16 (주)아해 Non-linear optical polymer, method for producing the same, and film produced from the same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4676933B2 (en) 2006-08-02 2011-04-27 株式会社リコー Copolymer, charge control agent, toner, toner production method, toner supply cartridge, process cartridge, image forming apparatus, and image forming method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100355299B1 (en) * 1998-02-24 2002-12-16 (주)아해 Non-linear optical polymer, method for producing the same, and film produced from the same
JP2002521552A (en) * 1998-07-25 2002-07-16 イギリス国 Liquid crystal polymer
JP2002265442A (en) * 2001-03-14 2002-09-18 Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc Derivative of maleimide and method of manufacturing photo-orienting film

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