JPH1171835A - Heat insulating structure and composite heat insulating material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat insulating structure and a composite heat insulating material which are high in construction and heat insulating properties while restraining increases in the thicknesses of heat insulating layers. SOLUTION: A heat insulating structure and a composite heat insulating material which are high in construction and heat insulating properties are obtained by providing a first heat insulating layer 4 having a smaller thickness than a column 3a and a stud 3b between the column 3a and the stud 3b, stacking a moisture-proof layer 6 covering the outdoor surfaces of the column 3a and the stud 3b and the outdoor surface of the first heat insulating layer 4, stacking a second heat insulating layer 7 on the outdoor side of the second heat insulating layer 7, and providing an exterior material 10 on the outdoor side of the second heat insulating layer 7 via a heat-blocking air layer 9. Further, an ant-proof layer, a heat-ray-reflecting layer, and a moisture absorbing/ releasing layer may be stacked.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat insulating structure and a heat insulating material effective for heat insulation of buildings such as houses. Especially,
The present invention relates to a heat insulating structure for a house and a heat insulating material for a house having a heat insulating layer between and outside shaft portions such as pillars, rafters and joists.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Along with the necessity of energy saving, buildings such as houses are becoming highly insulated and airtight. In the heat insulation construction of a house, an inner heat insulation method in which a heat insulating material is filled between shafts such as pillars and rafters, and an outer heat insulation method in which a heat insulating material is continuously stretched on the outdoor side of the shaft are adopted. In addition, the thickness of the insulation used in these construction methods can be increased,
By using a heat insulating material having a higher heat insulating performance, high insulation of a house is being performed. In particular, the outer heat insulation method employs a heat insulation structure in which the heat insulation layer wraps the shaft part of the house from the outside to the whole, so that heat loss from the shaft part is smaller and higher heat insulation compared to the inner heat insulation method. It is effective for In addition, in highly insulated and airtight houses, in order to maintain a comfortable living environment with as little heat loss as possible, airflow inside and outside the house is suppressed as much as possible, and The required amount of ventilation is planned.

[0003] In a house with such high heat insulation and high airtightness, in the summertime when the outside air is hot and humid, water vapor of the outside air enters the wall, and the water content of the wooden part such as pillars is increased. Wood rot fungi are induced, and the invading water vapor is cooled inside the wall of the interior surface that is in contact with the cooled indoor, and dew condensation in the wall is likely to occur.

As a means for solving this problem, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No.
Japanese Patent No. 5514 proposes a heat insulating structure for a building having an outer gas permeable layer and an inner gas permeable layer partitioned by a heat insulating material stretched over the outside. In the method of this document, as an air circulation system using natural energy such as solar heat or wind power, dew condensation inside the wall is prevented by circulating outside air taken into the underfloor space to the inner ventilation layer in summer.

However, in the above method, in the rainy season or the like, outside air having a high temperature and humidity is taken in from under the floor and circulated through the inner ventilation layer. The vicinity of the base may be in a high humidity state.

[0006] Further, as energy saving progresses, the thickness of a heat insulating layer of a house increases. Therefore, in the internal heat insulation method, the area where the wooden part such as the pillar is exposed to the air by the filling of the heat insulating material is further reduced, and the moisture absorption / release property of the wood is hindered, and the durability of the wooden part is easily reduced. . In addition, with the external insulation method, the amount of heat insulation layer used outside the house is increasing more and more. Increase.

Furthermore, in relatively warm regions such as the Kyushu region and the southern part of Honshu, when an insulating layer is formed by the external heat insulation method, termites are required to take measures against termites, because the termites will break through the insulating layer.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating structure and a heat insulating material which can effectively heat insulate while suppressing an increase in the thickness of a heat insulating layer, and which is excellent in heat insulation and workability. It is in. Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating structure and a heat insulating material which can suppress the invasion of moisture from the outside, maintain the moisture absorption and desorption properties of the xylem, and prevent the occurrence of rot bacteria and the formation of dew on the wall. is there. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating structure and a heat insulating material that can reduce heat transfer from an exterior material and reduce the load of cooling and heating.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a heat insulating structure and a heat insulating material that can prevent foamed gas from being released from a heat insulating layer and maintain a low thermal conductivity of the heat insulating layer.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object. As a result, when the heat insulating layer is combined with the moisture-proof layer and disposed on the shaft, the workability is high, and the heat insulating layer The present inventors have found that heat insulation can be improved while suppressing an increase in thickness, and have completed the present invention.

[0010] That is, the heat insulating structure of the present invention has a structure in which a space is formed inside a room between shafts (frames) formed by a frame such as a pillar or rafter standing or a joist being laid horizontally. A first heat-insulating layer having a smaller thickness than the first heat-insulating layer is provided, and the outer surface of the shaft portion and the outer surface of the first heat-insulating layer can be covered outside the first heat-insulating layer, and is constituted by at least a moisture-proof layer. A moisture-proof cover layer is provided, and a second layer is provided outside the moisture-proof cover layer.
Is disposed, and an exterior material is disposed outside the second heat insulating layer via a heat shielding air layer. The second heat insulating layer is formed so as to extend continuously outside the moisture-proof layer.
Then, at least one of the first heat insulating layer and the second heat insulating layer is disposed on the moisture-proof cover layer in a laminated state.

In the heat insulating structure of the present invention, a heat insulating layer is provided outside the shaft portion, the inner surface of the heat insulating layer can be covered inside the heat insulating layer, and at least the moistureproof layer constituted by the moistureproof layer A reflective cover layer composed of at least a heat ray reflective layer is disposed outside the heat insulating layer, and an exterior material is disposed outside the reflective cover layer via a heat shield air layer. Has been established.

[0012] Further, the heat insulation structure of the present invention comprises:
A heat insulating layer having a thickness smaller than the shaft portion is provided, and a moisture-proof cover layer that can cover an inner surface of the heat-insulating layer and that is formed of at least a moisture-proof layer is provided inside the heat-insulating layer. Outside, a reflective cover layer capable of covering the outer surface of the shaft portion and the outer surface of the heat insulating layer is provided, and at least a reflective cover layer formed of a heat ray reflective layer is provided. An exterior material is provided via an air layer.

The moisture-proof cover layer may be composed of a moisture-proof layer and a moisture-absorbing / desorbing layer interposed between the moisture-proof layer and the heat-insulating layer. It may be constituted by a moisture absorption / release layer interposed between the reflection layer and the heat insulation layer. The moisture-proof cover layer and / or the reflective cover layer preferably overlap the adjacent cover layer on the outer surface of the shaft. Further, an interior material may be provided on the indoor side of the shaft via a space.

The composite heat insulating material of the present invention can be disposed on the indoor side between the shaft portions, and has a first thickness smaller than that of the shaft portions.
A heat-insulating layer, and a moisture-proof cover layer disposed outside the first heat-insulating layer and capable of covering the outer surface of the shaft portion and the outer surface of the first heat-insulating layer, and comprising at least a moisture-proof layer. ,
And a second heat insulating layer that can be disposed outside the moisture-proof cover layer. The moisture-proof cover layer can be laminated on at least one of the outside of the first heat-insulating layer and the inside of the second heat-insulating layer. Further, at least one of the inside of the first heat-insulating layer and the outside of the second heat-insulating layer, a reflective cover layer composed of at least a heat ray reflective layer may be laminated. The reflective cover layer has a lower emissivity and a higher moisture permeation resistance than the adjacent heat insulating layer.

Further, (1) a composite unit in which the first heat insulating layer and the moisture-proof cover layer are integrally laminated and can be arranged adjacent to each other, or (2) a moisture-proof cover layer and the second heat-insulating layer. A layered unit and a composite unit that can be disposed adjacent to one another, wherein at least one side edge of the moisture-proof cover layer forms an ear that can overlap with the adjacent moisture-proof layer. You may.

Further, in the composite heat insulating material of the present invention, the heat insulating material is provided with a moisture-proof cover layer composed of at least a moisture-proof layer laminated on one surface and a reflective cover composed of at least a heat ray reflective layer on the other surface. The layers are stacked. The moisture-proof cover layer has ears extending from the heat-insulating layer, the ears can overlap with the moisture-proof cover layer of the adjacent composite heat insulating material, and the reflective cover layer extends from the heat-insulation layer. Preferably, it has a protruding ear, which can overlap the reflective cover layer of the adjacent composite insulation. The moisture-proof layer and the heat ray reflective layer may be layers having both moisture-proof property and heat ray reflectivity. In addition, it is advantageous that the heat insulating material has an integral multiple of the pitch of the shaft portion. Further, the shaft portion on which the composite heat insulating material of the present invention is constructed may be a wooden material. further,
A heat insulating unit composed of a combination of a composite heat insulating material and an exterior material can also be formed.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings as necessary.

FIG. 1 is a schematic transverse sectional view of a wall showing an example of a heat insulating structure for a house according to the present invention. The heat insulating structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes an interior material 2, a shaft portion (ie, a pillar 3 a and a stud 3 b) that is assembled on the outdoor side of the interior material 2, and a pillar 3 a and a stud 3 b.
And a first heat-insulating layer 4 which is filled evenly along the side surface (or edge) 3f on the outdoor side between the first heat-insulating layer 4 and the first heat-insulating layer 4. Thin, interior material 2
A space 5 is formed between and the first heat insulating layer 4.
In other words, the pillars 3a and the studs 3b made of wood material constitute a standing shaft portion, and the first heat insulating layer 4 having a smaller thickness than the shaft portion is tightly closed on the indoor side between the shaft portions. (Or filled). The “shaft” in the specification means a building member having a frame structure of a building, and includes, for example, columns, rafters, girders, studs, joists, and the like.

The space 5 between the interior material 2 and the first heat insulating material 4
Is useful for maintaining the moisture absorption and desorption properties of the wooden part such as the pillars 3a and the studs 3b. By maintaining the moisture absorption and desorption properties of the wooden part, it is possible to prevent the moisture content of the wood from increasing even when the indoor environment changes. In addition to being able to suppress, the durability of the xylem can be improved. Therefore, the space 5 is composed of a shaft portion (wood part) such as the pillar 3a and the stud 3b.
It is preferable that about 30% or more (about 30 to 90%, preferably about 40 to 80%) of the thickness of the film is exposed to air.

The first heat insulating layer 4 is filled between the pillars 3a and the studs 3b with a thickness that does not hinder the attachment of a bracing or the like reinforced to the frame and that allows the space 5 to be formed. For the above reason, the thickness of the first heat insulating layer 4 is about 70% or less of the column width (thickness) (about 10 to 70%, preferably about 20 to 60%).
It is preferred that

Outdoor side surface (outer surface) 4 of first heat insulating layer 4
f and the side surface (outer surface) 3f of the pillar 3a and the stud 3b on the outdoor side.
, A moisture-proof cover layer composed of the moisture-proof layer 6 is arranged, and a second heat-insulating layer 7 is arranged on the outdoor side of the moisture-proof layer 6.

The moisture-proof layer 6 provided on the outer surface of the first heat-insulating layer 4 can cover the outer surface of the shaft portion and the outer surface of the first heat-insulating layer 4. Is disposed so as to cover the heat insulating layer 4 from the outdoor side. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the intrusion of moisture (water vapor) in the outside air into the room in a high humidity summer or rainy season.

The moisture-permeation resistance of the moisture-proof layer 6 is larger than that of the first heat-insulating layer 4 and the second heat-insulating layer 7. for that reason,
A high moisture-proof function can be exhibited by the moisture-proof layer 6,
The moisture-proof layer 6 can prevent moisture which causes dew condensation in the wall in a high humidity environment such as summer and rainy seasons from entering the interior of the house including the framed portion such as the pillars 3a and 3b. Durability can be improved. The moisture-proof layer 6 shields moisture,
When the temperature of the moisture-proof layer 6 becomes lower than the dew point, dew condensation occurs on the surface of the moisture-proof layer 6. Therefore, it is useful to select the heat insulating performance of the second heat insulating layer 7 and the first heat insulating layer 4 in consideration of the temperature and humidity in the outdoors and indoors so that the temperature of the moistureproof layer 6 becomes higher than the dew point. is there.

Further, the moisture-proof layer 6 is provided so as to cover the outside of the framed portion such as the pillar 3a and the stud 3b (ie, the outdoor side surface 3f of the shaft portion and the outdoor side surface 4f of the first heat insulating layer). ) Has the function of further strengthening the airtightness of the house. In particular, higher airtightness can be achieved by laminating the moistureproof layer 6 at the joint 7c of the adjacent second heat insulating layer or by attaching a moistureproof tape to the joint 7c.

Further, an exterior material 10 is disposed on the outdoor side of the second heat insulating layer 7 via a heat shielding air layer 9. That is, by fixing the exterior material 10 to the vertical body edge 8 as a spacer, the heat shielding air layer 9 is formed between the second heat insulating layer 7 and the exterior material 10 via the vertical body edge 8. I have.

The second heat-insulating layer 7 is usually provided on the outdoor side of the moisture-proof layer 6 by a lining method. That is, the joint portion 7c of the adjacent second heat insulating layer 7 is positioned on the shaft portion such as the pillar 3a or the stud 3b, and the second heat insulating layer 7 is attached and fixed to the shaft portion. The longitudinal waist edge 8 is attached along or together.

In such an outer lining method, when the thickness of the second heat insulating layer 7 is increased, the length and thickness of nails and screws used for mounting are increased, and a hole is required for mounting. Is reduced. Furthermore, costs increase because the amount of materials such as the exterior material 10 used increases. Therefore, the thickness of the second heat insulating layer 7 is about 60 mm or less in consideration of heat insulating properties, installation workability, and cost (for example,
(About 10 to 60 mm, preferably about 20 to 50 mm)
It is desirable that

In the heat insulating structure 1, the first heat insulating layer 4 and the second heat insulating layer 7 are integrally laminated via the moisture-proof layer 6 to constitute a composite heat insulating material unit (laminated board). Therefore, in the composite heat insulating material unit composed of the first heat insulating layer 4, the moisture-proof layer 6, and the second heat insulating layer 7, the first heat insulating layer 4 is constructed from the indoor side or the outdoor side at the construction site (filling site or Filling can be performed between the shaft portions (fitting portions), and the heat insulation workability can be greatly improved.

The exterior material 10 has a temperature higher than the outside air temperature due to the solar radiation, and increases the cooling load of the house in a high temperature period such as summer. However, by forming the heat shielding air layer 9 between the exterior material 10 and the second heat insulating layer 7, the exterior material 10 heated by the sunlight by utilizing the heat insulating property of air is used.
Can reduce the transmission of heat to the interior of the house and improve the heat insulation efficiency.

In order to enhance the heat insulation, the thickness of the heat shield air layer 9 is preferably as large as possible. However, if the thickness is too large, the length and thickness of the nails and screws used to mount the vertical waist 8 become large. Workability deteriorates, such as the necessity of drilling holes. In addition, the amount of materials used, such as the vertical waistline 8 and the exterior material 10, increases, resulting in high costs. On the other hand, if the thickness of the heat shielding air layer 9 is too small, the heat shielding effect is reduced. For this reason, the thickness of the heat shielding air layer 9 is, for example, about 10 to 40 mm (particularly 15 to 40 mm) in consideration of heat insulation, workability, and cost.
It is preferably about 35 mm).

In addition, air vents (not shown) are formed in the upper and lower portions of the exterior material 10 so that the inside of the heat shielding air layer 9 can be ventilated. When such a vent is formed, the outside air can be taken into the heat shield air layer 9 from the lower part of the exterior material 10, and the warm air can be discharged to the outside from the upper part of the exterior material 10, and the air heated by the exterior material 10 can be obtained. Can be discharged outdoors to enhance the heat shielding properties.

Further, the surface 4b of the first heat insulating layer 4 on the space 5 side (the indoor surface) or the surface 7f of the second heat insulating layer 7 on the side of the heat shield air layer 9 (the outdoor surface) When a reflective cover layer composed of at least a heat ray reflective layer having a lower emissivity and a higher moisture permeation resistance than the heat insulating layer is laminated, propagation of radiant heat from the exterior material 10 to the room is suppressed, and the outside air temperature in summer or the like is reduced. Can reduce the cooling load of the house during high season.

In the heat insulating structure 1, at least one of the first heat insulating layer and the second heat insulating layer with respect to the moisture-proof layer 6 may be provided in a laminated state or in a stackable manner. The first heat insulating layer and the second heat insulating layer need not be integrated with the moistureproof layer. In order to improve workability and the like, it is advantageous to use a composite heat insulating material in which at least one of the first heat insulating layer and the second heat insulating layer is laminated and integrated with the moisture-proof layer. As the composite heat insulating material, (a) a composite heat insulating material in which the second heat insulating layer 7 is laminated and integrated on one surface of the moisture-proof layer 6 and the second heat insulating layer 7 is laminated and integrated on the other surface, b) A composite heat insulating material in which the first heat insulating layer 4 is laminated and integrated on one surface of the moisture-proof layer 6, and (c) a second heat insulating layer 7 is laminated and integrated on the other surface of the moisture-proof layer 6. Includes composite insulation.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the composite heat insulating material (a) applicable to the heat insulating structure 1. The composite heat insulating material 100 for a house shown in FIG. 2 is different from the heat insulating structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that the second heat insulating material 67 that forms the second heat insulating layer 7, the moisture-proof layer 6, and the first heat insulating layer 4 are provided. It has a structure in which a plurality of first heat insulating materials 64 formed and separated by a predetermined distance are sequentially and integrally laminated. The composite heat insulating materials 100 can be disposed adjacent to each other.

The size of the first heat insulating material 64 is formed in a size and a pitch suitable for the construction pitch of the shaft portion constituted by the shaft portion, and the size of the second heat insulating material 67 is the size of the shaft portion. It is formed with a size and a construction pitch suitable for the filling interval of the constructed frame portion (frame portion), and the size of the moisture-proof layer 6 matches the size of the second heat insulating material 67.

The size of the moisture-proof layer 6 may be equal to or larger than that of the second heat insulating material 67. The size of the moisture-proof layer 6 is the second
If the second heat insulating material 67 is larger than the second heat insulating material 67,
By extending the extension part (ear part) extending outward from the overlap with the moisture-proof layer of the adjacent composite heat insulating material 100,
It is possible to enhance the moisture-proof property and airtightness of the joint part of the heat insulating material for a house.

When the composite heat insulating material 100 (heat insulating material unit) having the above-described structure is used, a plurality of members (first members) can be used in the construction of a house framed with high dimensional accuracy and the construction in which a heat insulating layer is simultaneously incorporated while being framed. Compared with the case where each of the first heat insulating layer, the moisture-proof layer, and the second heat insulating layer) is constructed in the field work, the construction work can be simplified, so that the workability can be improved and the number of work steps can be reduced.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a composite heat insulating material (b) applicable to the heat insulating structure 1 shown in FIG. The composite heat insulating material 200 for a house shown in FIG. 3 has a structure in which the first heat insulating material 64 forming the first heat insulating layer 4 and the moisture-proof layer 6 are integrally laminated in the heat insulating structure 1 shown in FIG. And constitute a composite thermal insulation unit. The first heat insulating material 64 is formed in a size adapted to the filling interval of the frame portion formed by the shaft portion, and the moisture-proof layer 6 is formed by the first heat insulating material 6.
4, the ear 6a of the moisture-proof layer 6 extends around the periphery of the first heat insulating material 64. A plurality of composite heat insulating materials 200 composed of such members can be placed adjacent to each other and filled in the frame portion to be installed.

That is, the outdoor side surface of the frame portion such as a pillar is covered with the moisture-proof layer 6, and the ear 6 a of the moisture-proof layer 6 is attached to the ear 6 a of the moisture-proof layer 6 of the adjacent composite heat insulating material 200 for a house. By overlapping or superimposing the joints, it is possible to improve the moisture-proof property and the airtightness of the joint part of the composite heat insulating material for housing 200. In addition, the first heat insulating material 64 is installed between the shaft portions from the outdoor side while the ear portions 6a of the moisture-proof layer 6 of the composite heat insulating material 200 for a house are applied to the outer surface of the frame portion of the house. The outer surface of the first heat insulating material 64 can be constructed along the outer surface of the portion, and a space can be easily secured on the indoor side of the first heat insulating material 64. As described above, the use of the composite heat insulating material 200 for a house can simplify the construction of the first heat insulating layer 4 and the moisture-proof layer 6 in the on-site work, so that the workability can be improved and the heat insulating material for the house can be improved. The airtightness can be further enhanced by the moisture-proof layer 6 without causing a defect in the moisture-proof layer 6 at the joint.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a composite heat insulating material (c) applicable to the heat insulating structure 1 shown in FIG. In the heat insulating structure 1 shown in FIG.
Has a structure in which a second heat insulating material 67 forming the heat insulating layer 7 and a moisture-proof cover layer constituted by the moisture-proof layer 6 are integrally laminated. The size of the second heat insulating material 67 is adapted to the pitch of the shaft portion of the shaft assembly. The moisture-proof layer 6 has ears 6b extending outward from any two sides (corner sides) adjacent to the peripheral edge of the heat insulating material 67.

FIG. 5 shows a plurality of adjacent composite insulation materials 210.
It is an outline perspective view showing the construction state of. The two second heat insulators 67a and 67b have the same structure as that of FIG. 4, and the ear 6b of the moistureproof layer 6 of one heat insulator 67a is on the moistureproof layer 6 of the other adjacent heat insulator 67b. And an overlapping portion 70 is formed. Thus, the ear part 6 of one heat insulating material 67a
When b is overlapped with the moisture-proof layer 6 of the adjacent heat insulating material 67b, the moisture-proof property and airtightness at the adjacent portion of the heat insulating material can be improved. In particular, if the overlapping portion 70 is positioned on the shaft portion and the composite heat insulating material 210 is applied to the frame portion, the adjacent heat insulating material 67
The moistureproofness and airtightness of the joint portion 67c between a and 67b are further improved.

FIG. 6 is a schematic transverse sectional view of a wall showing an example of a heat insulating structure having a reflective cover layer constituted by the heat ray reflective layer 21. The heat insulating structure 20 includes an interior material 2 disposed on the indoor side of the pillar-mounted columns 3a and the studs 3b,
A first heat insulating layer 4 filled along the outdoor side surface 3f between the pillar 3a and the stud 3b, and a heat ray reflective layer 21 disposed on the indoor side surface 4b of the first heat insulating layer 4 Reflective cover layer, outdoor side surface (outside) 4f of first heat insulating layer 4, and outdoor side surface (outside) of pillar 3a and stud 3b.
3f, and a moisture-proof cover layer composed of the moisture-proof layer 6, a second heat-insulating layer 7 arranged on the outdoor side of the moisture-proof layer 6, and an outdoor side of the second heat-insulating layer 7. And an exterior material 10 disposed via a heat shield air layer 9. Interior materials 2
The space 5 is formed between the heat ray reflective layer 21 and the exterior material 10, and the exterior material 10 is fixed by the vertical trunk edge 8. Such a heat insulating structure 20 suppresses the propagation of radiant heat from the exterior material 10 to the interior by the second heat insulating layer 7 and the reflective cover layer, and reduces the cooling load of the house at a time when the outside air temperature is high such as in summer. it can.

The composite heat insulating material constituting such a heat insulating structure 20 has a first heat insulating material 64 in which a moisture-proof cover layer composed of a moisture-proof layer 6 is laminated on one surface and a heat ray reflection on the other surface. It can be obtained by laminating a reflective cover layer composed of the layer 21 and having ears (see FIG. 2).

The composite heat insulating material constituting the heat insulating structure may have a structure shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a composite heat insulating material suitable for the heat insulating structure 20 shown in FIG. The composite heat insulating material 300 is provided on one surface of the first heat insulating material 64 of the composite heat insulating material 200 for a house.
(See FIG. 3), and a reflective cover layer composed of the heat ray reflective layer 21 is laminated on the other surface. It is preferable to adjust the size of the reflective cover layer to the lamination area of the first heat insulating material 64 because the filling property between the shaft portions can be improved.

FIG. 8 is a schematic transverse sectional view of a wall showing an example of another heat insulating structure having a reflective cover layer constituted by the heat ray reflective layer 21. In this heat insulating structure 30, the reflective cover layer is not the indoor side surface 4b of the first heat insulating layer 4,
Except for being provided on the outdoor side surface 7f of the second heat insulating layer 7, it has the same structure as the heat insulating structure 20 of FIG. Such a heat insulating structure 30 effectively suppresses the propagation of radiant heat from the exterior material 10 to the interior by the reflective cover layer and the second heat insulating layer 7, and reduces the cooling load of the house at a time when the outside air temperature is high such as summer. Can be reduced.

In the composite heat insulating material constituting the heat insulating structure 30, a moisture-proof cover layer is laminated on one surface of the second heat insulating layer 7,
It has a structure in which a reflective cover layer is laminated on the other surface. For example, in the composite heat insulating material 100 shown in FIG.
Of the surface of the second heat insulating material 67, it can be obtained by laminating a reflective cover layer composed of the heat ray reflective layer 21 on a surface (not shown) on the opposite side to the laminated surface with the moisture-proof layer 6. .

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a composite heat insulating material suitable for the heat insulating structure shown in FIG. Composite insulation 4
Reference numeral 00 denotes a second heat insulating material forming the second heat insulating layer 7 in the heat insulating structure 30 shown in FIG. 8, and is disposed or laminated on one surface (indoor side surface) of the second heat insulating material 67. And a moisture-proof cover layer composed of the moisture-proof layer 6 and a reflective cover layer composed of the heat ray reflective layer 21 arranged or laminated on the other surface (outdoor side surface) of the second heat insulating material 67. Composed,
The heat insulating material units can be arranged adjacent to each other. The second heat insulating material 67 has a size suitable for the construction pitch of the frame part.

The moisture-proof layer 6 includes two adjacent sides (first corner sides) 401 and 402 of the peripheral portion of the second heat insulating material 67.
Has an ear portion 6c over the entire length of. Therefore, the moisture-proof layer 6
By overlapping the ear portions 6c on the moisture-proof layer of the adjacent composite heat insulating material and constructing the same, it is possible to enhance the moisture-proof property and airtightness of the joint portion of the adjacent residential heat-insulating material.

Further, the heat ray reflective layer 21 is formed of two peripheral edges of the second heat insulating material 67 on two adjacent sides of the moisture-proof layer 6 where the ears 6c are not formed (facing the first corner side). The second corner sides 403 and 404 have ears 21a over the entire length. As in the case of the ear 6c, the ear 21a is overlapped with the heat reflection layer of the adjacent composite heat insulating material,
The moisture-proof property and the airtightness can be further improved without generating a defective portion of the heat ray reflective layer 21 at the joint of the heat insulating material.

In particular, an adhesive layer (not shown) is provided between the inner surface of the ear 6c of the moisture-proof layer 6 and the outer surface of the ear 21a of the heat ray reflective layer 21.
Is formed, the adhesion of the overlapping portion of the moisture-proof layer 6 and the heat ray reflective layer 21 can be further improved.

When such a composite heat insulating material (second heat insulating material unit) 400 is used, the second heat insulating layer 7 in the field work can be used.
In addition, the construction of a plurality of moisture-proof layers 6 can be simplified, and the workability can be improved. In addition, the airtightness of the moisture-proof layer portion and the heat-ray reflection layer portion can be enhanced without generating a defect in the moisture-proof layer 6 and the heat ray reflection layer 21 at the joint portion of the composite heat insulating material. Further, the propagation of radiant heat from the exterior material 10 to the room can be suppressed by the heat ray reflective layer 21, and the cooling load of the house at a time when the outside air temperature is high such as in summer can be reduced.

FIG. 10 is a schematic transverse sectional view of a wall showing another example of the heat insulating structure of a house according to the present invention. Heat insulation structure 40
Is the interior material 2 disposed on the indoor side of the pillar 3a and the stud 3b.
A heat insulating layer 41 disposed so as to cover the outdoor surface 3f of the pillar 3a and the stud 3b from the outdoor side;
A moisture-proof cover layer laminated on the indoor side and composed of the moisture-proof layer 6, a reflective cover layer laminated on the outdoor side of the heat-insulating layer 41 and composed of the heat ray reflective layer 21, and an outdoor side of the heat-insulating layer 41 And an exterior material 10 disposed via a heat shield air layer 9. The heat insulating layer 41 is formed similarly to the second heat insulating layer 7 of the heat insulating structure. Exterior material 10 is vertical waist 8
Fixed to

In the heat insulating structure 40, unlike the heat insulating structure described above, even if the first heat insulating layer is not provided, a high moisture proof property and a high heat insulating property can be obtained by the moisture proof cover layer, the heat insulating layer and the reflective cover layer. And airtightness can be secured.

The space 42 surrounded by the interior material 2, the pillars 3a, the pillars 3b, and the moisture-proof layer 6 is made of a wood part (for example, the pillars 3a and pillars made of wood) in the heat insulating structure 40, similarly to the space 5 of FIG. It is useful for maintaining the moisture absorption / desorption property of 3b). Further, the airtightness of the house may be further strengthened by continuously extending the moisture-proof layer 6 covering the outer surface 3f of the pillar 3a and the stud 3b, and the moisture-proof layer 6 may be overlapped at the joint of the heat insulating layer. Alternatively, a moisture-proof tape may be applied to the joint.

The heat insulating layer 41 is usually provided by a lining method. That is, the joint part 41c of the adjacent heat insulating layer 41 is positioned on the pillar 3a or the stud 3b, and the heat insulating layer 41 is attached and fixed to the pillar 3a or the stud 3b.

The heat insulating structure 40 shown in FIG. 10 can simplify the construction process if the composite heat insulating material 400 shown in FIG. 9 is used, and the moisture proof layer 6 and the heat ray reflective layer 2 at the joint of the heat insulating material.
The airtightness in the moisture-proof layer portion and the heat-ray reflection layer portion can be enhanced without the occurrence of the missing portion of 1.

FIG. 11 is a schematic transverse sectional view of a wall showing another example of the heat insulating structure of a house according to the present invention. Heat insulation structure 50
The interior material 2 disposed on the indoor side surfaces of the pillars 3a and the studs 3b, the heat insulating layer 51 filled between the pillars 3a and the studs 3b along the outer surfaces 3f of the pillars 3a and the studs 3b, and the heat insulating layer 51
And a heat ray reflective layer 21 disposed in contact with the outdoor surface 51f of the heat insulating layer 51 and the outer surfaces 3f of the pillars 3a and the studs 3b.
And an exterior material 10 disposed on the outdoor side of the cover layer via a heat shield air layer 9. The heat insulating layer 51 is formed similarly to the first heat insulating layer 4 of the heat insulating structure. The exterior material 10 includes a vertical trunk 8
Fixed to The heat insulating layer 51 is thinner than the thicknesses of the pillars 3a and the studs 3b, and a space 5 is provided between the interior material 2 and the heat insulating layer 51.
Are formed. The heat insulating layer 51 need not always be disposed along the outer surfaces 3f of the pillars 3a and the studs 3b, and may be located at least on the outdoor side of the shaft 3 and form the space 5 on the indoor side.

In such a heat insulating structure 50, high heat insulating property, moisture preventing property and airtightness can be secured by the moisture-proof cover layer, the heat-insulating layer and the reflective cover layer without using the second heat-insulating layer 7. . If a moisture-proof tape is applied to the joint between the moisture-proof layer 6 and the pillars 3a and the studs 3b, the airtightness is further improved.

In the heat insulating structure 50 shown in FIG. 11, if the composite heat insulating material 300 shown in FIG. 7 is used, the construction process can be simplified, and the heat ray reflective layer 21 does not have a defective portion at the joint of the heat insulating material. The airtightness in the layer portion and the heat ray reflective layer portion can be enhanced.

The heat insulating structure and the composite heat insulating material may be combined with a moisture absorbing / releasing layer made of a moisture absorbing / releasing material.
The moisture absorbing / releasing layer is formed in a suitable place where dew condensation is likely to occur, for example, an inner surface of the first heat insulating layer, an outer surface of the second heat insulating layer, a layer exposed to the spaces 5, 42 and the heat shield air layer 9 (a moistureproof layer or a heat ray reflective layer). Layer) and a heat insulating layer, or the like, can be laminated or interposed, thereby suppressing the generation of dew condensation water, keeping the humidity in the space in the wall at an appropriate level, and preventing the heat insulation performance from deteriorating due to dew condensation. In particular, pillar 3
a and the outer surface 3f of the stud 3b on the outdoor side, and a moisture absorbing / releasing layer may be laminated on the heat insulating layer facing the space 5 to further enhance the moisture proof property. For example, in the heat insulating structure 1 in FIG. Layer 6
A moisture absorbing / releasing layer may be laminated between the first heat insulating material 4 and the second heat insulating material 7.

The moisture-proof cover layer may be constituted by at least the moisture-proof layer 6, and may be constituted by the moisture-proof layer 6 and the moisture absorbing / releasing layer. In addition, the reflective cover layer also has at least the heat ray reflective layer 2.
1 and may be constituted by the heat ray reflective layer 21 and the moisture absorbing / releasing layer. In such a cover layer, the moisture absorbing / releasing layer is preferably laminated and integrated with the moisture-proof layer 6 or the heat ray reflective layer 21, and in particular, with the moisture-proof layer 6 or the heat ray reflective layer 21,
It is preferable to laminate and integrate a moisture absorbing / releasing layer between the heat insulating layer and the heat insulating layer.

Incidentally, the reflective cover layer of the heat insulating structure having the first and second heat insulating layers is formed inside the first heat insulating layer and the second heat insulating layer.
It is only necessary that the heat insulating layer is laminated on at least one of the outer sides of the heat insulating layer, and may be laminated on both.

The moisture-proof cover layer and / or the reflective cover layer having the moisture absorption / release layer may have ears extending outward from the heat insulating material, and the ears are formed in the same manner as described above. it can.

Further, the moisture-proof layer 6 of the composite heat insulating material according to the present invention.
If the heat ray reflective layer 21 and the heat ray reflective layer 21 are formed of a layer having both moisture proof property and heat ray reflective property, it is not necessary to distinguish between the moisture proof layer 6 and the heat ray reflective layer 21, so that the work on the construction site becomes easier. In particular, when a moisture-proof / heat-ray reflecting layer is laminated on both sides of the heat-insulating material via a moisture-absorbing / desorbing layer as needed, high moisture-proofing, heat-insulating properties and heat-ray reflecting properties can be obtained even with a single heat insulating material.

The composite heat insulating material does not require the heat insulating layer and the moisture-proof cover layer and / or the reflective cover layer to be laminated and integrated according to the heat insulation structure. Or a composite heat insulating unit or set independently including a heat insulating layer and a moisture-proof cover layer and / or a reflective cover layer. Further, a heat insulating material unit or a heat insulating material set may be constituted by a combination of the composite heat insulating material of the present invention and an exterior material that can be disposed on the outdoor side of the second heat insulating layer 7 via a heat shielding air layer.

Also, since the heat insulating material is usually applied based on the shaft core of the shaft, the size of the heat insulating material or the composite heat insulating material is set to an integral multiple of the working pitch of the shaft to improve the workability. Preferably, it is improved. In particular, it is preferable that the size of the heat insulating material filled between the shafts 3 is adapted to the interval between the shafts 3. FIG. 12 shows a shaft assembly 1 composed of shafts 3v to 3z.
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view showing a state in which a heat insulating material 120 is attached to 29. In this example, the shaft portions 3v to 3x are assembled at the same interval, and the heat insulating material 120 has a height (arrow 122) corresponding to the construction pitch of the shaft portions 3y and 3z, and the shaft portion 3
v and 3x dimensions (arrows 123 and 1)
24), and the shaft portions 3v and 3w (or 3w).
And 3x) are twice as large as the working pitch.

The heat insulating structure and the composite heat insulating material of the present invention can be applied not only to houses but also to various buildings.

Examples of the heat insulating material constituting the heat insulating layer include fiber heat insulating materials such as glass wool, rock wool and cellulose fiber, and foamed polyolefin (foamed polyethylene,
It can be selected from foamed plastic insulation such as foamed polypropylene, foamed polyurethane, foamed styrene-based resin (foamed polystyrene, etc.), and wood-based boards such as plywood and OSB (board in which wood chips are hardened). The heat insulating materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more as a mixed resin foam or a laminate. Preferred insulation is
A hard foamed plastic-based heat insulating material having relatively high moisture-proof performance and rigidity capable of lining, particularly a foamed styrene-based resin is preferable. Further, from the viewpoint of productivity and the like, it is advantageous that the heat insulating material is constituted by an extruded styrene resin board (plate-like heat insulating material). Plywood or OS as a second heat insulating layer
By using a wood board such as B, the seismic strength of the shaft can be increased.

The moisture-proof layer preferably has a higher moisture-permeation resistance than the adjacent or laminated heat-insulating material. For example, a polyolefin-based film (polyethylene film, polypropylene film, etc.), a polyvinyl chloride film, a polyester film (alkylene terephthalate) , Films such as polyalkylene naphthalate), plastic films such as polyvinylidene chloride-based films, films coated with vinylidene chloride-based resins, waterproofing materials for construction such as alpha roofing, metal foils such as aluminum foil, aluminum, silica, etc. Or a composite of a moisture-proof film or sheet with kraft paper, etc. Preferred moisture barriers include metal foils such as aluminum foil, metallized films or sheets, or composites thereof (eg, films, laminated sheets with kraft paper, etc.). The thickness of the moisture-proof layer is, for example, 5 to 300.
μm, preferably in the range of about 10 to 200 μm. When the moisture-proof layer is composed of an aluminum foil or a composite sheet based on an aluminum foil, the thickness of the aluminum foil or sheet is, for example, about 5 to 100 μm.
m, preferably about 10 to 80 μm.

The moisture permeability resistance of the foamed plastic resin is usually about 10 to 50 m ² hrmmHg / g.
In order to exhibit high moisture-proof performance, the moisture-proof layer preferably has a moisture-permeation resistance of 50 m ² hrmmHg / g or more.

The heat ray reflective layer can be made of a face material having a lower emissivity than the heat insulating material to be laminated. For example, a white plastic film, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, a film on which a metal material having a high emissivity is deposited or laminated (such as an aluminum-deposited plastic film), an aluminum foil, and a composite sheet using these as a base material (for example, aluminum and film, aluminum And kraft paper). Preferred heat-reflective layers include metal foils such as aluminum foil, metallized films or sheets, or composites thereof (eg, films, laminated sheets with kraft paper, etc.). The thickness of the moisture-proof layer is, for example, 5 to 300.
μm, preferably in the range of about 10 to 200 μm. When the moisture-proof layer is composed of an aluminum foil or a composite sheet using the aluminum foil as a base material, the thickness of the aluminum foil or the sheet is, for example, about 5 to 100 μm, preferably about 10 to 80 μm.

When a surface material having a lower emissivity and a higher moisture permeability than the heat insulating material is used as the moisture-proof layer and the heat ray reflective layer, a layer having both moisture-proof property and heat ray reflectivity can be formed. Such a face material can be composed of, for example, the same aluminum foil as described above or a composite sheet using an aluminum foil as a base material.

When a foam is used as the heat insulating material, the moisture-proof layer, the heat ray reflective layer, and the moisture-proof / heat ray reflective layer are made of a material having a high permeation resistance to the foaming gas contained in the foam (for example, the film, sheet, composite or the like). ).

The moisture absorbing / releasing layer may be made of a material capable of absorbing dew condensation water. For example, paper such as kraft paper, wood sheet, nonwoven fabric or woven fabric can be used. The thickness of the moisture absorption / release layer is, for example, 10 μm to 2 mm, preferably 30 μm to 1 μm.
mm.

The heat insulation structure of the present invention can be applied to a shaft formed of a wooden material, but is not limited to this.

The heat insulating structure and the composite heat insulating material of the present invention may be combined with a termite-controlling layer or a termite-controlling sheet in order to prevent intrusion of termites into the heat-insulating layer. In particular, in a relatively warm region such as the Kyushu district, it is preferable to provide or form a termite layer. The termite layer is preferably disposed or laminated on the outdoor surface of the heat insulating material or the composite heat insulating material (for example, the surface of the second heat insulating layer on the side facing the heat shield air layer 9 in FIG. 1). The termite layer may be provided or laminated on the surface (outdoor side surface) of the heat insulating material or the composite heat insulating material facing the heat shielding air layer 9, for example, instead of the reflective cover layer of the composite heat insulating material. An ant layer may be formed. When the termite-control layer is formed of a termite-control sheet (termite-control surface material) having a higher emissivity than the heat insulating material and having termite-control properties, the exterior material 1
The heat transfer of radiant heat from zero can be reduced, the cooling load of the house can be reduced, and the invasion of termites can be prevented.

The function of preventing termites from entering the heat insulating material can be imparted by laminating the termite-proof sheet on the outdoor side of the heat insulating material. Similarly to the above, the termite-control sheet may extend outward from the heat-insulating material to form ears that can overlap with the termite-control sheet of the adjacent heat-insulating material. When the termite-controlling layer has ears, the termite-controlling layer at the joints is not lost, so that termite-controlling can be performed effectively.

As the termite layer or termite sheet (termite surface material), a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet formed of synthetic fiber such as acrylic fiber, a plastic film such as a nylon film, or the like can be used. Facing materials having a smooth surface free of teeth are preferred. Further, by using a surface material having a higher emissivity than the heat insulating layer to be laminated as the termite-control sheet (termite-control surface material) layer, heat transfer of radiant heat from the exterior material 10 can be reduced. That is, the heat ray reflective layer 21 and the termite layer can also be used. As the termite-control layer also serving as the heat ray reflection layer 21, a face material (especially aluminum foil or a composite sheet thereof) constituting the heat ray reflection layer can be used as described above. The termite-controlling sheet (termite-control surface material) may be treated with a termiticide. In addition, the termite-control sheet (termite-control surface material) may be constituted by a film or sheet obtained by treating a plastic film or sheet having no termite-controlling ability with an termiticide.

The moisture-proof cover layer (or moisture-proof sheet),
The ears of the reflective cover layer, the moisture-proof and reflective cover layer having a moisture-absorbing / release layer, and the termite-controlling layer (or termite-controlling sheet) are at least as long as they can overlap the adjacent cover layer or termite-controlling layer It may be formed on one side edge, or may be formed over the entire peripheral edge.

In the heat insulating structure and the composite heat insulating material of the present invention, an adhesive is used for laminating layers such as a moisture-proof cover layer, a reflective cover layer, a moisture-absorbing and releasing layer, and a termite-proof layer. As the adhesive, a general adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive can be used as long as it does not deteriorate the heat insulating material, the moisture-proof layer, the termite-proof surface, and the shaft. As the adhesive between the heat insulating material and each layer, for example, an adhesive that does not dissolve or swell the heat insulating material, such as an epoxy-based adhesive, a urethane-based adhesive, and a hot-melt-based adhesive, is suitable. In particular, in order to prevent rainwater from entering from the joints of the moisture-proof layer, the heat ray reflective layer, and the termite layer, and to improve the moisture-proof property,
It is preferable to use a waterproof / moisture-proof asphalt-based adhesive.

When a layer such as a moisture-proof layer (or moisture-proof sheet) has the above-mentioned ear, an adhesive layer may be formed on the ear. This adhesive layer may be composed of the same adhesive as described above, and includes an adhesive layer (adhesive layer or pressure-sensitive adhesive layer) and a layer formed on the adhesive layer and peeled off from the adhesive layer. It may be constituted by a possible release layer (release layer).

In the heat insulation structure of the present invention, the heat insulation structures 1, 20, and 30 composed of the first and second heat insulation layers are necessary for heat insulation because the outside heat insulation method and the inside heat insulation method are effectively combined. By distributing a thick heat insulating layer to the first heat insulating layer 4 and the second heat insulating layer 7, an increase in the thickness of the second heat insulating layer toward the outdoor side can be suppressed, and high heat insulating properties can be maintained. As well as improving workability. That is, the thickness of the second heat insulating layer disposed outside the frame portion is limited to an appropriate thickness that does not impair workability and installation workability.
By making the thickness of the first heat insulating layer disposed between the shaft portions of the framed portion small enough for heat insulation, the thickness of the entire heat insulating layer is reduced to the first heat insulating layer and the second heat insulating layer. Can be distributed, second
Can be prevented from greatly projecting to the outdoor side, and the workability can be improved.

Further, since the moisture-proof layer 6 is interposed between the first heat-insulating layer and the second heat-insulating layer, moisture (water vapor) contained in a high humidity atmosphere such as in summer is used for the axis of a building such as a house. It is possible to prevent intrusion into the assembly. Further, between the frames, by forming a space where the wooden part of the frame is exposed to the air on the indoor side of the heat insulation layer, the moisture absorption and desorption of the wooden part can be maintained, and the water content of the wooden part increases. Can be prevented,
The generation of rot fungi and dew condensation in the wall can be suppressed. Furthermore, by forming an air layer between the heat insulating layer and the exterior material, it is possible to reduce the heat transfer from the exterior material warmed by the solar radiation to the interior and reduce the cooling load in summer. Further, in the composite heat insulating material of the present invention, since the moisture-proof cover layer and the reflective cover layer are combined, similarly to the above, moisture-proof, heat-insulating properties,
The airtightness can be improved. Further, by providing a reflective cover layer, heat transfer and cooling load due to solar radiation can be reduced.
Furthermore, the use of the moisture absorbing / releasing layer can prevent the occurrence of dew condensation, and the provision of the termite-proofing layer can also prevent invasion of termites.

The heat insulating structure and the composite heat insulating material of the present invention can reduce the number of construction steps on site and improve the workability by combining a heat insulating material and a moisture-proof layer. In addition, when the ears provided on each layer laminated on the heat insulating material are used, moisture proof and airtightness at joints of each layer can be improved.

The heat-insulating structure and the composite heat-insulating material of the present invention can be applied to various types of buildings, in particular, houses whose shafts such as pillars and rafters are made of a wooden material (in particular, buildings requiring high heat insulation and high airtightness). It is effective for heat insulation.

[0086]

By using the heat insulating structure and the composite heat insulating material of the present invention, it is possible to effectively heat insulate while improving the thickness of the heat insulating layer and to improve the workability. In addition, the invasion of moisture from the outside can be suppressed, and the moisture absorption and desorption properties of the xylem can be maintained, so that generation of rot bacteria and dew condensation in the wall can be prevented. Further, heat transfer from the exterior material can be reduced, and the load of cooling and heating can be reduced. Furthermore, the release of the foaming gas from the heat insulating layer can be prevented, and the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating layer can be maintained.

[0087]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

Example 1 In the heat insulating structure 1 shown in FIG. 1, a gypsum board (thickness: 12.5 mm) is used as the interior material 2 and an extruded polystyrene foam is used as the first heat insulating layer 4 (three kinds of JIS A 9511B, 20 mm thick). A polyethylene film (thickness 0.1 mm, moisture permeability 200 m ² mmHg / g) as the moisture-proof layer 6, and an extruded polystyrene foam (JI) as the second heat-insulating layer 7.
Asbestos slate board (thickness: 12 mm) was used as the exterior material 10.

In the heat insulating structure 1 shown in FIG. 1, the interior material 2 is disposed on the indoor side, and the pillar 3a (105 × 105 mm) and the stud 3b (27 × 105 mm) form a shaft assembly. The first heat-insulating layer 4 was filled in accordance with the surface on the outdoor side, and a space 5 was formed between the interior material 2 and the first heat-insulating layer 4. The outdoor surface of the first heat insulating layer 4, the pillar 3a and the stud 3b
A moisture-proof layer 6 is disposed in contact with the outdoor surface of the second heat-insulating layer 6, a second heat-insulating layer 7 is disposed on the outdoor side of the moisture-proof layer 6, and a vertical trunk edge 8 is disposed on the outdoor side of the second heat-insulating layer 7. (18 mm in thickness), the heat shield air layer 9 was formed, and the heat insulating structure in which the exterior material 10 was fixed to the vertical trunk edge 8 was formed.

Under the conditions of an outside air temperature of 33 ° C., a humidity of 82% RH, an indoor temperature of 26 ° C. and a humidity of 50%, the temperature at the surface / boundary surface of the constituent material constituting the heat insulating structure of Example 1, the saturated steam pressure, Table 1 shows the theoretical water vapor pressure.
Table 2 shows the thermal resistance and the moisture permeability resistance of the constituent materials constituting the heat insulating structure of Example 1.

[0091]

[Table 1]

[0092]

[Table 2]

As is clear from Tables 1 and 2, the moisture (water vapor) contained in the outside air is shielded by the moisture-proof layer 6, and the actual vapor pressure of the space 5 located on the indoor side of the moisture-proof layer 6 becomes smaller. Therefore, it is possible to effectively reduce the intrusion of moisture (water vapor) contained in the outside air into the indoor side.

Comparative Example A heat insulating structure shown in FIG. 13 was formed. That is, in the heat insulating structure shown in the first embodiment, the first heat insulating layer 4 and the moisture-proof layer 6 are not used, and the second heat insulating layer 7 is formed by extrusion foaming having a thickness larger than that of the second heat insulating material of the first embodiment. Polystyrene foams (three kinds of JIS A 9511B, thickness 60 mm) were arranged to form a heat insulating structure 130.

At an outside air temperature of 33 ° C., a humidity of 82% RH, an indoor temperature of 26 ° C., and a humidity of 50%, the temperature at the surface and boundary surface of the components of the heat insulating structure of the comparative example, the saturated steam pressure,
Table 3 shows the theoretical water vapor pressure. Table 4 shows the thermal resistance and the moisture permeability of the components of the heat insulating structure of the comparative example.

[0096]

[Table 3]

[0097]

[Table 4]

Even if the thickness of the second heat insulating material is the same as the total thickness of the first heat insulating material and the second heat insulating material of Example 1, the actual water vapor pressure of the space 5 of the heat insulating structure of the comparative example is The heat insulation pressure of the space 5 of the heat insulation structure of the first embodiment is larger than the actual water vapor pressure, and the heat insulation structure of the comparative example has a larger amount of water (water vapor) contained in the outside air entering the indoor side than the heat insulation structure of the first embodiment. .

Example 2 An extruded expanded polystyrene foam (JIS A) as a second heat insulating material 67 was used as the composite heat insulating material 100 for a house shown in FIG.
9511B 3 kinds, thickness 40 mm) and aluminum foil (0.02 mm in thickness, 770 m ^{2 in} moisture resistance) as the moisture-proof layer 6
hmmHg / g) and an extruded expanded polystyrene foam (three kinds of JIS A 9511B, thickness 2) as the first heat insulating material 64
0 mm) were sequentially laminated. In this composite heat insulating material unit, the second heat insulating material 67 has a shaft assembly (post: 105 × 105 mm, stud:
It has a size (length: 3030 mm, width: 910 mm) adapted to the construction pitch (455 mm) of 27 × 105 mm, and the first heat insulating material 64 has a size adapted to the filling interval of a framed portion such as a pillar. Have. The moisture-proof layer 6 is the second
(3030 mm long, 91 horizontal)
0 mm).

Then, the first heat-insulating layer 4, the moisture-proof layer 6, the second
When the heat insulating structure shown in FIG. 1 was constructed by constructing a composite heat insulating material 100 in which the heat insulating layers 7 were integrally laminated on a frame of a house, a plurality of members (the first heat insulating layer 4 ,
The construction of the moisture-proof layer 6 and the second heat-insulating layer 7) can be simplified,
The workability was improved.

Example 3 In the composite heat insulating material for houses 210 shown in FIG. 8, an extruded polystyrene foam (JIS
A 9511B class 3 types, thickness 20 mm) and polyethylene film (0.1 mm thickness, moisture permeability resistance 20) as the moisture-proof layer 6
0 m ² hmmHg / g) to produce 210 units of a composite heat insulating material having a structure integrally laminated. This composite insulation 2
In 10 units, the first heat insulating material 64 is a framed portion such as a pillar (a pillar: 105 × 105 mm, a stud: 27 × 105 m).
m, construction pitch: 455 mm) (size 2850 mm, width 389 mm).
The moisture-proof layer 6 is larger than the first heat-insulating material 64, and has a lug 6 a (width 150 mm) on the periphery of the first heat-insulating material 64.

Then, using the composite heat insulating material 210, the first portion 6a of the moisture-proof layer 6 is applied to the outer surface of the frame of the house and the first
By applying the heat insulating material 64, the outer surface of the first heat insulating material 64 can be installed along the outer surface of the frame, and a space can be smoothly secured on the indoor side of the first heat insulating material 64. Also,
By using the composite heat insulating material 210, the work of the plurality of members (the first heat insulating layer 4 and the moisture-proof layer 6) in the on-site work can be simplified, and the workability can be improved. Further, the ears 6 of the moisture-proof layer 6
By overlapping a with the moisture-proof layer 6 of the adjacent composite heat-insulating material 210, it was possible to prevent the moisture-proof layer 6 from being damaged at the joint part of the composite heat-insulating material for a house (the first heat-insulating material 64). .

Example 4 An extruded expanded polystyrene foam (JIS A) as the second heat insulating material 67 was used as the composite heat insulating material 400 for a house shown in FIG.
9511B 3 kinds, thickness 40 mm) and aluminum foil (0.02 mm in thickness, 770 m ^{2 in} moisture resistance) as the moisture-proof layer 6
hmmHg / g) were integrally formed. A moisture-permeable waterproof sheet (Tyvek, manufactured by DuPont) was formed as a termite-proof surface material on the surface of the second heat insulating material 67 on the side opposite to the moisture-proof layer 6 (outdoor side). In such a composite thermal insulation unit, the second thermal insulation 6
7 has a size (3030 mm in height, 910 mm in width) suitable for a framed portion such as a pillar (a pillar: 105 × 105 mm, a stud: 27 × 105 mm, a construction pitch: 455 mm). Among the peripheral portions of the two heat insulating materials 67, two adjacent peripheral portions have ears 6c (40 mm in width).

An acrylic adhesive is applied as an adhesive layer to the indoor surface of the ear 6c of the moisture-proof layer 6.
This tacky adhesive is covered and protected by release paper.
In addition, the termite-control surface material has ears 21 a on the peripheral edge of the moisture-proof layer 6 where the ear is not formed, between two adjacent peripheral edges of the second heat insulating material 67. An acrylic adhesive is applied as an adhesive layer to the indoor surface of the heat ray reflective layer 21 and the ears 21a of the termite-control surface material in the same manner as described above, and the adhesive is protected by release paper. ing.

Then, the ear 6a of the moisture-proof layer 6 and the ear 21a of the termite-proof surface material are overlapped and adhered to the moisture-proof layer and the termite-proof surface material of the adjacent composite heat-insulating material, respectively. Is performed, the moisture-proof layer 6 at the joint portion 7c of the second heat-insulating layer and the missing portion of the termite-control surface material are not generated, and a plurality of members (the second heat-insulating layer 7, The construction of the moisture-proof layer 6 and the termite-proof layer) was simplified and the workability was improved.

Embodiment 5 The heat ray reflection layer 21 is provided on the indoor side surface of the first heat insulating layer 4 of Embodiment 1.
Were further laminated to construct a heat insulating structure 20 shown in FIG. The moisture-proof layer 6 and the heat ray reflective layer 21 are made of aluminum foil (thickness: 0.02 mm, moisture permeability: 770 m ² hmmH).
g / g).

Example 6 The heat insulating structure 1 shown in FIG. 8 was constructed by further laminating a heat ray reflective layer 21 on the outdoor side of the second heat insulating layer 7 in the heat insulating structure 20 of Example 1. Moistureproof layer 6 and heat ray reflective layer 21
Aluminum foil (thickness 0.02 mm, moisture permeability 7
70 m ² hmmHg / g).

Example 7 In order to construct the heat insulating structure 40 shown in FIG. 10, a 40 mm extruded expanded polystyrene foam (JIS A) was used as the heat insulating layer 41.
The same materials as in Example 5 were used except that 9511B (3 types) were used.

The interior material 2 is disposed on the indoor side, and the pillar 3a (10
(5 × 105 mm) and the stud 3b (27 × 105 mm), and the moisture-proof layer 6, the heat insulating layer 41, and the heat ray reflective layer 21 are disposed on the outdoor side of the pillar 3a and the stud 3b. On the outdoor side, a heat insulating air layer 9 was formed with a vertical waist edge 8 (18 mm thick) interposed to form a heat insulating structure 40.

Embodiment 8 In order to produce the heat insulating structure 50 shown in FIG.
60mm extruded polystyrene foam (JIS
The same materials as in Example 5 were used except that A 9511B (3 types) was used.

The interior material 2 is provided on the indoor side, and the pillar 3a (10
5 × 105 mm) and a pillar 3b (27 × 105 mm), and a heat insulating layer 51 is filled between the pillar 3a and the pillar 3b along the outer surface 3f of the pillar 3a and the pillar 3b. 5 was formed. The moisture-proof layer 6 is provided on the indoor surface of the heat insulating layer 51, and the outdoor surface of the heat insulating layer 51 and the pillar surface 3f.
And the heat ray reflective layer 21 was disposed. Further, a heat insulating air layer 9 is formed on the outdoor side of the pillar 3a and the stud 3b with a vertical trunk edge 8 (18 mm thick) interposed therebetween, and a heat insulating structure 50 in which the exterior material 10 is fixed to the vertical trunk edge 8 is formed. did.

Investigation of Dew Condensation in Insulated Structures of Examples 1, 5 to 8 The occurrence of dew condensation in the heat insulating structures of Examples 1, 5 to 8 was examined for each region under the following conditions. Table 5 shows the results. In the table, when dew condensation did not occur, it is indicated by a circle, and when dew condensation occurred, the site where the dew condensation occurred and the amount of dew water (g / h)
m ² ).

Outdoor conditions Summer: Maximum normal temperature and normal relative humidity in August Winter: Minimum normal temperature and normal relative humidity in January Indoor conditions Summer: 26 ° C., 50% RH Winter: 18 ° C., 50% RH Region Morioka , Sendai, Kanazawa, Tokyo, Osaka, Fukuoka, Kagoshima

[0114]

[Table 5]

As is clear from Table 5, in Tokyo, Osaka and Fukuoka, no dew condensation occurred in all of the heat insulating structures of Examples 1, 5 to 8. In the heat insulating structure of Example 5, no dew condensation occurred in all the investigated areas.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic transverse sectional view of a wall showing an example of a heat insulating structure of a house of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the composite heat insulating material of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the composite heat insulating material of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the composite heat insulating material of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the composite heat insulating material of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic transverse sectional view of a wall showing an example of a heat insulating structure of a house according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the composite heat insulating material of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic transverse sectional view of a wall showing an example of a heat insulating structure of a house according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the composite heat insulating material of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic transverse sectional view of a wall showing an example of a heat insulating structure of a house of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic transverse sectional view of a wall showing an example of a heat insulating structure of a house of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic front view showing a state where a heat insulating material is attached to a shaft assembly.

FIG. 13 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of a wall showing a heat insulating structure of a house of a comparative example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 20, 30, 40, 50 ... heat insulation structure 2 ... interior materials 3 ... pillars 4 ... first heat insulation layer 5 ... space 6 ... moisture proof layer 7 ... second heat insulation layer 8 ... vertical trunk edge 9 ... heat shield air Layer 10: Exterior material 100, 200, 210, 300, 400: Composite heat insulating material

Claims (34)

[Claims] A first heat-insulating layer having a smaller thickness than the shaft portion is disposed between the shaft portions, and an outer surface of the shaft portion and a first heat-insulating layer are provided outside the first heat-insulating layer. An outer surface, and at least a moisture-proof cover layer composed of at least a moisture-proof layer is provided; a second heat-insulating layer is provided outside the moisture-proof cover layer; A heat insulating structure in which an exterior material is disposed outside via a heat insulating air layer, wherein at least one of the first heat insulating layer and the second heat insulating layer is stacked on the moisture-proof cover layer. Insulation structure arranged in. 2. A reflective cover layer comprising at least a heat ray reflective layer is laminated on at least one of the inside of the first heat insulating layer and the outside of the second heat insulating layer. The emissivity is smaller than the adjacent heat insulation layer,
The heat insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating structure has high moisture permeability resistance. 3. A heat-insulating layer is provided outside the shaft portion, and a moisture-proof cover layer that can cover the inner surface of the heat-insulating layer and that is formed of at least a moisture-proof layer is provided inside the heat-insulating layer. A heat insulating structure in which a reflective cover layer composed of at least a heat ray reflective layer is disposed outside the heat insulating layer, and an exterior material is disposed outside the reflective cover layer via a heat shield air layer. . 4. A heat insulating layer having a thickness smaller than that of the shaft portion is provided between the shaft portions. The heat insulating layer can cover an inner surface of the heat insulating layer inside the heat insulating layer, and is formed of at least a moisture-proof layer. And a reflective cover layer that can cover an outer surface of the shaft portion and an outer surface of the heat insulating layer, and that is configured by at least a heat ray reflective layer, is provided outside the heat insulating layer. A heat insulating structure in which an exterior material is provided outside the reflective cover layer via a heat shield air layer. 5. The moisture-proof cover layer according to claim 1, wherein the moisture-proof cover layer comprises a moisture-proof layer, and a moisture-absorbing / release layer interposed between the moisture-proof layer and the heat-insulating layer. Insulation structure. 6. The heat insulating structure according to claim 5, wherein the moisture-proof cover layer overlaps with the adjacent moisture-proof cover layer on the outer surface of the shaft portion. 7. The reflective cover according to claim 2, wherein the reflective cover layer comprises a heat ray reflective layer and a moisture absorbing / releasing layer interposed between the heat ray reflective layer and the heat insulating layer. Insulation structure as described. 8. The heat insulating structure according to claim 7, wherein the reflective cover layer overlaps an adjacent reflective cover layer on an outer surface of the shaft portion. 9. The heat-insulating layer is made of an extruded styrene-based resin, and the moisture-proof cover layer is made of a face material having a high permeation resistance to a foaming gas contained in the extruded styrene-based resin. 4. The heat insulating structure according to any one of the above items. 10. The heat-insulating layer is composed of an extruded styrene-based resin, and the moisture-proof cover layer and the reflective cover layer are composed of a face material having a high resistance to foaming gas contained in the extruded styrene-based resin. The heat insulation structure according to claim 2. 11. The moisture-proof layer is made of an aluminum foil or a composite sheet based on an aluminum foil.
The heat insulating structure according to any one of Items 4 to 4. 12. The heat insulating structure according to claim 2, wherein the heat ray reflective layer is formed of an aluminum foil or a composite sheet having an aluminum foil as a base material. 13. The heat insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the shaft is made of a wooden material. 14. The heat insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein an interior material is provided on the indoor side of the shaft via a space. 15. The heat insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein a heat shield air layer is formed through a vertical trunk edge. 16. The heat-insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the moisture-proof layer has a higher moisture-permeation resistance than the heat-insulating layer. 17. The heat insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein ventilation portions are formed in upper and lower portions of the exterior material. 18. A first heat-insulating layer which can be disposed on the indoor side between the shafts and has a smaller thickness than the shafts; and a shaft disposed outside the first heat-insulating layer. And an outer surface of the first heat-insulating layer, and comprises at least a moisture-proof cover layer formed of a moisture-proof layer, and a second heat-insulating layer disposed outside the moisture-proof cover layer. Composite insulation. 19. The method according to claim 19, further comprising the steps of:
19. The composite heat insulating material according to claim 18, wherein a reflective cover layer made of at least a heat ray reflective layer is laminated on at least one of the outside of the heat insulating material. 20. The composite heat insulating material according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the moisture-proof cover layer is laminated on at least one of the outside of the first heat insulation layer and the inside of the second heat insulation layer. . 21. (1) A composite unit in which a first heat-insulating layer and a moisture-proof cover layer are integrally laminated and can be arranged adjacent to each other, or (2) a moisture-proof cover layer and a second heat-insulating layer. A layered unit and a composite unit that can be arranged adjacent to each other, wherein at least one side edge of the moisture-proof cover layer has an ear that can overlap with the adjacent moisture-proof cover layer. The composite heat insulating material according to any one of claims 18 to 20, which is formed. 22. A composite heat insulating material in which a moisture-proof cover layer composed of at least a moisture-proof layer is laminated on one surface of a heat insulating material, and a reflective cover layer composed of at least a heat ray reflective layer is laminated on the other surface. Wood. 23. The composite insulation according to claim 22, wherein the moisture-proof cover layer has ears extending from the heat-insulating layer, and the ears can overlap with the moisture-proof cover layer of the adjacent heat-insulating material. . 24. The composite of claim 22 or 23, wherein the reflective cover layer has ears extending from the thermal insulation layer, the ears being able to overlap the reflective cover layer of an adjacent thermal insulation. Insulation. 25. The moisture-proof layer and the heat ray reflective layer are layers having both moisture-proof property and heat ray reflectivity.
The composite heat insulating material according to any one of the above items. 26. The composite heat insulating material according to claim 18, wherein the heat insulating material has a dimension that is an integral multiple of the working pitch of the shaft portion. 27. A combination of the composite heat insulating material according to any one of claims 18 to 26 and an exterior material that can be arranged on the outdoor side of the composite heat insulating material via a heat shielding air layer. Has composite insulation. 28. The shaft part is made of wood material.
27. The composite heat insulating material according to any one of Items 1 and 26. 29. The composite heat insulating material according to claim 18, wherein the moisture-proof cover layer comprises a moisture-proof layer and a moisture-absorbing / releasing layer. 30. The composite heat insulating material according to claim 18, wherein the reflective cover layer comprises a heat ray reflective layer and a moisture absorbing / releasing layer. 31. The heat-insulating layer is made of an extruded styrene-based resin, and the moisture-proof cover layer is made of a face material having a high permeation resistance to a foaming gas contained in the extruded styrene-based resin. 29. The composite heat insulating material according to any one of items 28. 32. The heat-insulating layer is made of an extruded styrene resin, and the reflective cover layer is made of a face material having a high resistance to foaming gas contained in the extruded styrene resin. The composite heat insulating material according to any one of the above items. 33. The moisture-proof layer is made of aluminum foil or a composite sheet based on aluminum foil.
The composite heat insulating material according to any one of items 8 to 30, above. 34. The composite heat insulating material according to claim 18, wherein the heat ray reflective layer is composed of an aluminum foil or a composite sheet having an aluminum foil as a base material.