JPH1158330A - Manufacture of wooden composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate defective parts caused by a gap part or a crossed part inside, and improve the bending strength by a method wherein after bonding a plurality of veneer single units longitudinally in the wood grain direction, they are split in the wood grain direction, and continuous stick-form bodies are made, and the continuous stick-form bodies are stacked in parallel with each other, and bonded and integrated. SOLUTION: Respective veneer single units V after a classification, are fed to a veneer longitudinal affixing-joining machine 5 in the wood grain direction for each width dimension. A bonded body VJ for which respective veneer single units V are longitudinally joined in such a manner that the wood grain directions may meet with each other, is continuously fed to a longitudinal cutter 6, and is cut in the wood grain direction, and continuous stick-form bodies SJ are formed, and then, after an adhesive is applied to the surface by a roll coater 7, the continuous stick-form bodies SJ are fed to a diagonal cutting fixed cutter 8, and are cut by a fixed length. Respective stick-form bodies SJ which are aligned by a fixed aligning machine 9, are stacked in order on a stacking pallet 11 by a transferring machine 10 while keeping the aligned state, and are integrated by being heated and pressurized by a batch press machine 12 in the next stage.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a woody composite material, and more particularly, to a method for producing a woody reconstructed material usable as a woody structural material in the field of house building, a so-called engineering woods. It relates to a manufacturing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Wood-based structural materials used in the housing construction field include materials to be subjected to structural calculations, like metals and the like.
In other words, it is an important building material that requires mechanical strength assurance.

In recent years, the supply of high-quality large-diameter trees has been decreasing, and instead of lumber products made from raw wood, oriented strand boards (OSB) in which small pieces of wood are laminated and adhered in a direction substantially parallel to the grain direction, and long strands are used. OSL (Oriented StrandLumber), PSL (Paralle)
l Strand Lumber) and the like are increasingly being used as wood structural materials. Reconstruction materials using these shredded woods do not have any defects due to knots and the like, unlike lumber products cut out from the timber, because the timbers are shredded and reconstructed. It has a useful feature that a more uniform strength can be obtained.

The above-mentioned OSB has a long side length of 100, for example.
mm is a plate-like body in which flake-shaped pieces of wood having a length of less than 1 mm are adhered and integrated using an adhesive substantially along the grain, and the OSL has a long side along the grain and the long side. For example, a piece of wood having a length of about 200 to 600 mm,
It is said that they are integrally bonded by an adhesive along the long side direction (Japanese Patent No. 2527761). Further, the PSL is, for example, 150
It is said that a piece of wood of about １２1220 mm is adhered and integrated with an adhesive along the long side direction as well (Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-17512).

[0005] In such a wood-based reconstructed material, basically, as the length of the longer side of the wood piece as an element becomes longer, the bending strength in the long axis of the plate or shaft after commercialization becomes longer. Of the above-mentioned wood-based reconstituted materials, those whose strength can be guaranteed as structural shafts are OSL and PSL at present, and since PSL generally has a higher degree of element orientation, PSL The one having the highest bending strength and the less variation.

[0006] An important issue in the production of such wood-based reconstituted materials is to arrange the wood pieces as parallel and as uniformly as possible. Conventionally, as a technique for achieving such an object, a belt conveyor for laterally feeding a piece of wood,
The pieces of wood conveyed by the conveyor are dropped on a rotating drum that reciprocates in the axial direction or an endless conveyor that reciprocates in a direction perpendicular to the conveyance path, and the pieces of wood that have passed through the drum or the conveyor are further reciprocated. A method has been proposed in which a piece of wood is dispersed in a longitudinal direction and a direction perpendicular thereto by dropping the piece of wood on an accumulation conveyor through a chute (Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-20603).

Conventionally, as a structural material of another structure,
As described above, there is known a veneer laminate (LVL) in which a plurality of veneer veneers are laminated and bonded and integrated with each other, instead of accumulating small pieces of wood or small pieces.

[0008]

In the above-mentioned conventional wood-based reconstructed material, which is a wood-based composite material, the length of a plate or a shaft, which is a product after reconstitution, is generally less than that of a conventional material. When it has a length of about 2400 to 5400 mm or more, the length is longer than the length of a piece of wood as an element, so that as shown in a schematic cross-sectional view in FIG. There is a problem that voids due to discontinuity of the wood pieces in the longitudinal direction and defective portions d due to intersections of the wood pieces occur. Even in actual bending tests,
Stress concentration occurs in the defective portion d, and the defective portion is broken at a value lower than the original strength.

In the actual manufacturing process, it is difficult to disperse and arrange wood pieces having a predetermined length in parallel with each other and uniformly.
Even if a complicated mechanism such as the technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-209,086 is used, it is actually not easy to stably obtain a required parallelism and a uniform arrangement.

[0010] Further, although there is no such problem in the veneer laminate, when the thickness after lamination becomes a certain level or more, the veneer is bonded and integrated by heating and pressing with an adhesive interposed therebetween. When performing heating and pressurization using only a press hot plate, there is a problem that heat transfer from the front and back of the laminate to the inside takes a long time, and the heating and pressurization process takes a long time, resulting in poor productivity. Even if a high-frequency heating, microwave heating, or a heating method based on injection of high-pressure steam is adopted to solve this problem, if a large-sized veneer is tightly laminated via an adhesive layer, Because there is no steam passage, high-temperature steam stays inside the laminate and bursts inside the laminate when the pressure is released. Uniform addition There is a problem that it is difficult.

[0011] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and does not produce a defect portion due to a void portion or an intersection between wood piece ends inside a product after reconstitution, and furthermore, each piece of wood has In order to provide a method capable of easily and stably producing a woody composite material having a high bending strength, even if the thickness and area are large, which are easy to arrange in parallel with each other, and are uniform. I have.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, a method for producing a woody composite material according to the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of veneer veneers are arranged along the grain direction, and the front and rear ends thereof are joined together. After joining with, the joined body is cut into a predetermined width along the grain direction to form a large number of continuous stick-shaped bodies, and the large number of continuous stick-shaped bodies are accumulated and adhered along the grain direction, respectively. It is characterized by being integrated (claim 1).

In the present invention, when a large number of continuous sticks are integrated and bonded and integrated, the continuous sticks are bonded and integrated using a continuous press and then cut to obtain a required length. A step of obtaining a plate material or a shaft material can be adopted (claim 2).

Further, in the present invention, after cutting the plurality of continuous sticks into a length required as a product, the continuous sticks may be bonded and integrated by using a batch-type press.

In the case where the continuous stick is cut into a required length and then bonded and integrated, the above-described joined body is cut into a predetermined width along the grain direction, and a large number of continuous sticks are cut in parallel with each other. While obtaining the stick-shaped body, each continuous stick-shaped body is shifted in the same direction in the front and rear direction by a predetermined dimension to obtain a stick-shaped body having the required dimensions, and then the tip of each stick-shaped body is obtained. It is possible to adopt a process in which the surfaces are substantially flush with each other, integrated, and bonded and integrated (claim 4).

Here, in the present invention, the stick-shaped body refers to a bar-shaped piece of wood having a substantially constant width and thickness in the length direction, and has a width of 5 to 50 mm and a thickness of 0. 5 mm.
The width is preferably in the range of 5 to 10 mm, and the ratio of the width to the thickness is preferably in the range of 20: 1 to 2: 1.

In the present invention, the term "continuous stick" refers to a stick having an arbitrary length that is vertically joined to each other at its ends. The length of each stick before joining is as follows. Therefore, it is preferable that the length in the grain direction of the veneer veneer before joining is in the range of 300 to 2400 mm.

Further, in the present invention, a specific processing method of "cutting" the veneer veneer in the grain direction may be either cutting or splitting.

(Function) In the present invention, when a large number of slender pieces of wood, which are elements of a wood-based reconstituted material, are integrated and bonded and integrated, they are not discontinuous in the longitudinal direction but are made into one piece. To suppress the occurrence of voids and intersections inside the product after integration, and to easily obtain the parallelism and uniformity of arrangement of each element in the integration process using a simple transport mechanism. It is.

That is, in the present invention, the stick-like body forming the element of the reconstructed material is obtained by joining veneer veneers along the grain direction and joining their front and rear ends together.
Obtained by cutting along the grain. Therefore,
Each stick-shaped body is continuous in its longitudinal direction, that is, in the direction of the grain, so that when stacking and integrating, compared to the case where each element is divided in the longitudinal direction inside the stack as in the conventional case, each stick-shaped body is separated from the other. Parallelism and uniformity of arrangement can be easily obtained.

In the reconstituted material after integration,
There is no danger of voids between the ends of each element inside, and the occurrence of intersections can be greatly reduced, and the number of defects inside the reconstructed material can be extremely reduced,
Or it can be eliminated.

In the production method of the present invention,
Since each element is continuous, as in the invention according to claim 2, it is possible to continuously bond and integrate using a continuous press after cutting into a stick shape, thereby improving the production efficiency. be able to.

Further, as in the invention according to claims 3 and 4,
It is also possible to cut the length of the reconstructed material, which is a product, before the integration of the continuous stick to the bonding and integration, and in this case, each element is continuously continuous in the longitudinal direction inside the assembly. Therefore, it is easy to obtain the degree of parallelism and the uniformity of the arrangement, and it is difficult for voids and intersections to be formed inside the reconstructed material.

Here, in the invention according to claim 4,
In the state where the joining of the veneer veneer and the cutting into the continuous sticks are completed, each continuous stick has a joint at the same position in the longitudinal direction. After cutting by shifting them by a predetermined size in the front-rear direction, if these tips are aligned and integrated, the joints of the continuous stick-shaped bodies are shifted to each other by the shifted size at the time of cutting, and re-attached after integration and integration. Inside the constituent material, the joints of the respective continuous sticks are appropriately dispersed, and exhibit higher strength.

[0025]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an overall flow chart of a production line to which the method of the present invention is applied.

In this example, the raw wood W is peeled to a uniform thickness by a veneer peeler 1 and defective parts such as nodes are removed by a sorter 2 using a known mechanism such as a photoelectric sensor and a rotary clipper. After that, the veneer veneer V is dried by the drier 3 to obtain a veneer veneer V having a uniform thickness.

The veneer veneer V thus obtained is:
Since the widths of a plurality of types are reduced by removing the defects such as the nodes, the widths are classified by the classification stocker 4 for each width dimension and then stocked. At this time, each width dimension is a width of the maximum width and a width of an integral number thereof. Steps downstream of the classifying stocker 4 are provided for each width dimension, and undergo the same processing.

Each of the veneer veneers V after classification is first supplied to a known veneer vertical joining machine 5 such as a veneer scarf joint device along the grain direction for each width dimension. Each veneer veneer V is joined by an adhesive before and after the veneer veneer V along the grain direction by each veneer vertical joining machine 5. Here, the shape of the joining end portion of each veneer veneer V at the time of this joining is, for example, an inclined surface as shown in FIG. 2A or a step portion as shown in FIG. It is preferable to form a phase joint.

The joined body VJ in which the veneer veneers V are vertically joined so that the grain directions of the veneer veneers are aligned with each other is as follows.
A large number of separation knives or cutters are continuously supplied to a vertical cutting machine 6 arranged in parallel to each other, and cut along the grain direction to form a continuous stick-shaped body SJ. Each of the continuous sticks SJ is then roll-coated 7
After applying an adhesive such as a urea-based, isocyanate-based, or phenol-based adhesive to the surface, it is supplied to the oblique cutting fixed-length cutter 8 and cut into a predetermined length.

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a specific configuration of the oblique cutting standard-size cutter 8 and the next-stage standard-size aligning machine 9.
As shown in the figure, the diagonally cut fixed-length cutter 8 cuts each of the continuous stick-shaped bodies SJ cut along the grain by the vertical cutting machine 6 and supplied in parallel with each other, as shown in FIG. Can be cut at positions shifted by a predetermined dimension in each longitudinal direction. Each stick-shaped body S cut to a fixed size through such an oblique cut fixed-size cutter 8 is connected to a fixed-size aligning machine 9.
Thus, they are aligned in parallel with each other with their tip surfaces aligned. In this aligned state, the joints j of the sticks S after cutting are shifted from each other in the longitudinal direction.

That is, the joining portion j of the veneer veneer V by the veneer vertical joining machine 5 is arranged on a straight line orthogonal to the longitudinal direction on the continuous stick-shaped body SJ supplied in parallel with each other via the vertical cutting machine 6. However, in a state where the cutting ends are aligned by the standard-size aligning machine 9 after being cut by a predetermined dimension a before and after each other by the oblique cutting standard-size cutter 8, the sticks in which the joints j are adjacent to each other The positions are shifted from each other by the dimension a.

The sticks S arranged by the standard-size aligning machine 9 are successively stacked on a stacking pallet 11 by a transfer machine 10 utilizing vacuum suction while keeping the aligned state. Supplied. The transfer machine 10
As illustrated in a plan view (A) and a side view (B) in FIG. 4, a rail 10 a extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the stick-shaped bodies S aligned on the standard-size aligner 9, and the rail 10 a Suction pads 10b movable along
And each stick-like body S on the standard-size aligning machine 9
Is sucked by the suction pads 10b while maintaining the aligned state, and is transferred one by one onto the laminated pallet 11.
The width of the laminated pallet 11 is equal to the maximum width of the veneer veneer V, and the stick-shaped body S that has undergone the process for the veneer veneer V that is narrower than the veneer veneer V has a plurality of aligned states on the standard-size aligner 9. One layer on the laminated pallet 11 is formed by the object.

Accordingly, a plurality of layers formed by a plurality of sticks S arranged in parallel with each other along the grain direction, which is the longitudinal direction, are laminated on the laminated pallet 11.

The aggregate of the sticks S stacked in this manner is integrated by being heated and pressed by the batch press 12 at the next stage, and becomes a wood-based reconstructed plate.

The reconstructed material thus obtained is shown in FIG.
As schematically shown in the cross-sectional view, since the stick-shaped body S as each element has the same size as the grain size of the reconstructed material, the gap between the element ends is formed inside the reconstructed material. Does not occur, and the intersection of each element does not substantially occur.

The most notable point in the above steps is that
The stick-shaped body S is not dropped using a complicated mechanism as in the prior art for the alignment, and is almost aligned from the joining of the veneer end plate V to the standard-size aligning machine 9 consistently. This is because, instead of using a piece of wood shorter than the grain length of the reconstructed material to be manufactured as in the related art, a continuous stick SJ longer than the reconstructed material to be manufactured is used. Is to be cut into a stick-shaped body S having the same length as the reconstituted material and aligned, so that the transport process for aligning the elements is extremely simple as compared with the conventional manufacturing method, and furthermore, the parallelism and Alignment uniformity is better.

Here, in the above embodiment, the joint j is dispersed by cutting the continuous stick-shaped body SJ by oblique cutting and then aligning it. However, the joint j is not necessarily dispersed. No need. In other words, it is sufficient for the joint j to carry out the joining until the respective stick-shaped bodies S are integrated and bonded and integrated. In the product after the bonding and integration, each of the sticks S is strongly bonded around the periphery thereof with an adhesive. Therefore, the joint strength at the joint j is
It does not significantly affect the strength of the reconstituted material. However, the dispersion of the joint j leads to obtaining a product with less weak points, and has advantages such as giving a good impression in terms of product appearance.

Further, in the above embodiment, the continuous stick-shaped body SJ was cut into a length equal to the product size, and then heated and pressed by a batch press to bond and integrate the continuous stick-shaped body SJ. After the stick-shaped body SJ is integrated by heating and pressing with a continuous press, it may be cut into dimensions required as a product.

Further, in obtaining the continuous stick-shaped body SJ, a plurality of veneer veneers are vertically and horizontally spliced by a veneer scarf joint device to obtain a large-sized veneer having a size substantially equal to the press size. It can be divided. In this case, when forming a large-format veneer, it is desirable to first join in a horizontal joint (in a direction perpendicular to the grain) and then to join longitudinally.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the specific device used in each step is not limited to the one used in the above-described embodiment, and any known device having the same function may be used. Needless to say, the order of the steps can be appropriately changed, for example, the step of applying the adhesive to the element is performed at the time of the joined body VJ.

[0041]

EXAMPLES Examples in which a wood-based reconstructed plate is actually manufactured by the method of the present invention will be described together with comparative examples. .

(Example 1) Using a veneer racer, a chamelere log having a diameter of 300 mm (density: 400 kg / m ³ )
From, thickness 2mm, length (grain direction) 500mm, width 3
After producing a veneer veneer of 00 mm and drying, it is vertically joined in the grain direction by a veneer scarf joint device,
A joined body having a thickness of 2 mm, a width of 300 mm, and a length of 5400 mm was obtained. After applying an adhesive (isocyanate-based adhesive) to the joined body with a roll coater type adhesive applying machine,
10mm width and 2m thickness by multi-row disk slitter
m, cut into a continuous stick with a length of 5400 mm,
After accumulating parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction by a conveyer type concentrator, the sheet was heated and pressed by a steam injection continuous press to produce a reconstructed plate material having a width of 300 mm, a thickness of 43 mm, and a length of 5400 mm. The temperature at the time of pressing was 130 ° C., and the pressure was 35 kg / cm ² . The density after molding was 520 kg / m ³ .

Comparative Example 1 The veneer veneer obtained in Example 1 was cut into the same width to obtain a discontinuous stick having a length of 500 mm. Hold this stick as parallel as possible, and
They were uniformly aligned and bonded and integrated under exactly the same molding conditions as in Example 1.

(Example 2) Using a veneer racer, a falcata log having a diameter of 250 mm (density of 300 kg / m
³ ) From thickness 4mm, length (grain direction) 500mm,
A veneer veneer with a width of 150 mm is made, and after drying, it is vertically joined in the grain direction by hand processing to obtain a thickness of 4 mm and a width of 150 m.
m, a joined body having a length of 1500 mm was obtained. After applying an adhesive (isocyanate-based adhesive) to the joined body by a spray-type adhesive applicator, it is cut into a continuous stick-shaped body having a width of 20 mm, a thickness of 4 mm and a length of 1500 mm by a multi-row disk slitter, and is manually worked. After being accumulated in parallel with each other in the longitudinal direction by heating and pressurizing by a hot-press batch press for testing, a width of 150 mm, a thickness of 43 mm and a length of 15
A reconstructed plate of 00 mm was manufactured. The temperature during pressing was 130 ° C., and the pressing force was 50 kg / cm ² . The density after molding was 410 kg / m ³ .

Comparative Example 2 The veneer veneer obtained in Example 2 was cut into the same width to obtain a discontinuous stick having a length of 500 mm. Hold this stick as parallel as possible, and
They were uniformly aligned and bonded and integrated under exactly the same molding conditions as in Example 2.

When the flexural strength (stress) of the wood-based reconstructed material obtained in each of the above Examples and Comparative Examples was actually measured, the results shown in Table 1 were obtained, and the superiority of the production method according to the present invention was obtained. Was confirmed.

[0047]

[Table 1]

[0048]

As described above, according to the present invention,
After joining a plurality of veneer veneers in the wood grain direction back and forth, they are cut along the wood grain direction to form a continuous stick-shaped body, and the continuous stick-shaped bodies are stacked and adhered to each other in parallel to form a wood-based reconstituted material. Therefore, no gap is formed between the ends of the respective elements constituting the reconstructed material, and an intersection is hardly generated. Therefore, the wood-based reconstructed material obtained according to the present invention has no defects due to gaps and intersections inside, and the actual bending strength is greatly improved as compared with the conventional reconstructed material of this type.

Further, according to the present invention, since the sticks as elements are integrated and integrated in a continuous state in the longitudinal direction, the arrangement accuracy at the time of integration can be easily improved without using a complicated mechanism. Can be improved,
Compared with a conventional manufacturing method of this type, the degree of parallelism between the two can be further increased, and the uniformity of the arrangement can be greatly improved. In this respect, the bending strength can be improved.

Furthermore, in the present invention, since the stick-like bodies are basically integrated and integrated, there is no difference in the passage of steam inside the laminate during heating and pressurization, as in the case of a single-layer laminated material. There is no problem, and a thick material such as a thick plate or a thick shaft, or a reconstructed material having a large area can be easily manufactured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall flowchart showing a manufacturing process to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a method for joining veneer veneers according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a specific configuration of an oblique cutting standard-size cutter 8 and a standard-size aligning machine 9 at the next stage in the manufacturing process of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view (A) and a side view (B) showing a configuration example of the transfer machine 10 in the manufacturing process of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of a wood-based reconstructed material obtained by the manufacturing process of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional wood-based reconstituted material.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Veneer racer 2 Sorting machine 3 Dryer 4 Classification stocker 5 Veneer vertical joining machine 6 Vertical cutting machine 7 Roll coater 8 Diagonal cutting fixed-length cutter 9 Standard-size aligning machine 10 Transferring machine 11 Stacking pallet 12 Batch type press W Raw wood V Single veneer Plate VJ Joint SJ Continuous stick S Stick stick j Joint

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for manufacturing a wood-based composite material in which a large number of elongated pieces of wood are integrated with an adhesive and heated and pressed to produce a wood-based composite material, wherein a plurality of veneer veneers are respectively arranged along the grain direction. After joining the front and rear ends in the state, the joined body is cut into a predetermined width along the grain direction to form a large number of continuous sticks, and the large number of continuous sticks are respectively oriented in the grain direction. A method for producing a woody composite material, comprising: accumulating and adhering and integrating along a line. 2. The wood composite material according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of continuous sticks are bonded and integrated by using a continuous press, and then cut into a plate or shaft having a required length. Manufacturing method. 3. The method for producing a woody composite material according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of continuous sticks are cut into a required length, and then bonded and integrated using a press. 4. A plurality of continuous sticks are cut in parallel to each other in a predetermined width along the grain direction to obtain a plurality of continuous sticks. After obtaining a stick-shaped body of a required size by cutting by shifting the direction by a predetermined dimension, the tip surfaces of the stick-shaped bodies are substantially aligned with each other, and are integrated and bonded and integrated. The method for producing a woody composite material according to claim 3.