JPH1158311A - Manufacture of wooden laminated material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method wherein a material capable of being easily obtained under a simple process is used, a complicated apparatus is not required by making treatment in a laminate process easy, and a wooden laminated material of a large area and a thick material can be efficiently manufactured in a short time by improving a passing property of steam. SOLUTION: A plurality of slits S capable of passing steam are formed to a veneer or a sheet V to prepare a sheet with slits WS, or after working the veneer or sheet under a state wherein a plurality of long narrow pieces are bonded mutually with a wood fiber and not thoroughly separated, and an open part is formed between respective long narrow pieces, the veneer or sheet is heated and pressurized under a state wherein a plurality of plies are laminated mutually.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a laminated wooden material, and more particularly, to a method for efficiently producing a laminated laminated wooden material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the supply of high-quality large-diameter trees has been decreasing, and therefore, in place of traditional lumber products from raw wood, veneer veneer laminated sheets obtained by laminating a plurality of veneer sheets ( LVL) or laminate small pieces of wood by orienting them in the grain direction.
Adhered oriented strand board (OSB), and wood laminates such as PSL, in which long pieces of wood are oriented and laminated and adhered, have been used as structural materials for construction.

[0003] In addition, in the case of a wooden laminated material having a thickness exceeding 25 mm as a structural material, a hot platen is used when bonding and integrating by applying heat and pressure with an adhesive. In the heating and pressing only by heat, there is a disadvantage that it takes time to transfer heat from the front and back surfaces of the laminated plate to the inside, and the heating and pressing step requires a long time, resulting in low productivity.

In order to solve such a drawback, conventionally,
A heating method using high frequency or microwave and a heating method by injection introduction of high-pressure steam have been developed.

[0005] However, as in the above-described laminated veneer laminate,
When large-area materials are laminated in close contact with each other via an adhesive layer, high-temperature or microwave heating causes high-temperature steam to remain inside the laminated material, and when the pressure is released, the laminated material inside However, even in the heating method by introducing high-pressure steam, uniform diffusion of steam is difficult, and uniform heating of the adhesive layer is difficult.

In order to solve such a problem, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 6-312045 discloses a steam-passing material in which a net-like material or a plurality of strip-like wooden boards are arranged.
Alternatively, a method is disclosed in which a laminate formed by interposing an uneven veneer between veneers is heated by steam injection in a side-injection type steam injection press, and pressed between hot plates.

[0007] In addition, small and small pieces of wood, in particular, as described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-17512, are individually oriented and elongated for the purpose of developing high physical properties. -In the bonding method, although the above-mentioned problems relating to the passage of steam do not occur, since the long wood pieces are individually independent, handling of the pieces,
Particularly, it is difficult to provide a desired orientation in the laminating step. In order to improve the orientation of the strip, Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 7-20603 discloses a long drum combining a rotating drum reciprocating in an axial direction and a chute swinging in a direction perpendicular to the rotating drum. There is disclosed a technique for improving orientation and dispersibility by dispersing strips in a longitudinal direction and a direction orthogonal thereto while keeping the strips parallel to each other.

Further, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-44401 discloses a method for obtaining a wood-based composite material by using a material obtained by spreading and pressing a piece of wood into a web, and integrating and bonding the web. It has been disclosed.

[0009]

Among the conventional techniques described above, the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-321405 is intended to improve the passage of steam through a large-area laminated veneer. It is necessary to separately prepare a material for unevenness and steam passage of veneer, and because the introduction of steam is from the side of the laminated material, when trying to obtain a wide laminated material There is a problem that it takes time to introduce steam into the center, uneven temperature and hardening of the adhesive before pressing at the end, resulting in poor adhesion.

[0010] Further, in manufacturing a PSL or the like in which long wood pieces are oriented and integrated and integrated, a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-20603 for improving the orientation of the pieces is a complicated device. Is required.

Further, in the technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-44401, in which materials processed into a web shape are integrated and bonded,
Although the above-mentioned problems do not occur, the man-hour required to obtain a usable web is large, and the surface area is increased due to the fine fibers, so that the required amount of the adhesive is increased, which is uneconomical. There is a problem.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has as its object to use a material which can be easily obtained in a simple process, to facilitate handling in a laminating process, and to complicate the present invention. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method capable of efficiently producing a large-area and thick wood laminate in a short time without requiring a simple apparatus and improving the permeability of steam.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, a method of manufacturing a wood laminate according to the present invention is provided with a plurality of slits through which steam can pass and an adhesive applied to the surface. It is characterized by heating and pressurizing a single veneer or a thin veneer in a state where a plurality of veneers are laminated on each other (claim 1).

[0014] In order to achieve the same object, according to the present invention, a single plate or a thin plate is not completely separated by joining a plurality of long strips to each other with a wood fiber;
After processing into a state where an open portion is formed between each of the long strips, applying an adhesive to the surface thereof, and heating and pressing the single plate or the thin plate in a state where a plurality of the single plates or thin plates are laminated on each other ( The method of claim 2) can also be adopted.

Here, the type of single or thin raw wood used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be any of conifers and hardwoods.
North America, South America, North America, South America, Africa, and Latin America can be used. Further, as for the shape, not only a log but also a lumber product or a lumber back plate can be used as long as it can be processed into a thin plate.

The veneer or thin plate used in the present invention can be manufactured by the following method.

The veneer can be manufactured using a well-known veneer veneer making apparatus widely used in the production of plywood and the like.

The thin plate can be manufactured by a conventionally known method such as sawing from a log.

The thickness of the single plate or the thin plate is preferably 0.3 to 20 mm, more preferably 0.6 to 10 mm.
It is. When the thickness is less than 0.3 mm, breakage during handling is likely to occur, the amount of adhesive used increases, and the number of laminated sheets becomes enormous, and the production efficiency of the laminated material decreases, which is not economical. On the other hand, if the thickness is more than 20 mm, it will be difficult to form a slit for passing the above and to form a long strip in an incompletely separated state.

The length of the veneer or thin plate (in the direction of the wood fiber) used in the present invention is preferably at least 200 mm. If it is shorter than 200 mm, the laminating operation becomes complicated and the effect of the present invention is lost. The maximum length of a veneer or a thin plate is not limited, but is determined by the restrictions of the raw material wood for producing these or the production equipment.

It is desirable that the veneer or thin plate used in the present invention has a constant length.
It is not necessarily required to be constant, and a single plate or a thin plate having a different length may be used in a mixed state.
Furthermore, a scarf joint,
It is also possible to join them to a desired length by a known joining method and apparatus such as a butt joint and a finger joint. At this time, when the joining and the slit forming process or the incompletely separated long strip processing is performed continuously, a method of joining and processing a slit or the like from a desired length and a slit or the like are used. Any of the methods of forming a desired length by joining after processing can be adopted, and in the case of adopting the latter method, the length as a single plate or a thin plate is substantially infinite.

Further, the width (in the direction perpendicular to the wood fibers) of the veneer or thin plate used in the present invention is preferably at least 50 mm, more preferably at least 100 mm.
If the width is smaller than 50 mm, the handling properties in the laminating step and the like become substantially the same as those of conventional long strips, and the effect of the present invention may not be exhibited. Further, also in the width direction, a short short plate or a thin plate can be joined to a desired width by a known joining method and apparatus such as a scarf joint, a butt joint, and a finger joint.

Here, in particular, making at least one of the dimensions of the single plate or the thin plate in the length direction and the width direction equal to the dimension of the laminated body at the time of pressing is preferable from the viewpoint of facilitating the laminating operation. This is the most preferred form of the present invention. However, at the time of joining, it is necessary to join the individual veneers or thin plates in the direction in which the fiber direction is the same. In the case where the thickness of the veneer or thin plate is large (in the case of exceeding 4 mm), it is necessary to connect at least the lengthwise direction in advance in the laminated body. This is preferable for preventing a cavity from being formed and lowering the strength.

In the present invention, the slits formed in a single plate or a thin plate are as follows.

The direction of the slit is substantially parallel to the wood fiber. The angle between the wood fibers and the slit should be at most 30 °. If it exceeds 30 °, the wood fibers are cut, which causes a decrease in the strength of the laminated material, which is not preferable.

The width of the slit is preferably 0.05 to 5
mm, more preferably 0.5 to 3 mm. 0.05
If the width is smaller than 5 mm, the permeability of steam is reduced. If the width is larger than 5 mm, the slit portion remains as a cavity inside the laminated material, which is not preferable because the strength is reduced.

Next, the lengths and intervals of the slits and the method of arranging them will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 1A, the length of the slit S represented by L _S is preferably 10 to 500 mm, more preferably 50 to 300 mm. Slit length L _S is 10
If it is shorter than 50 mm, it is difficult to obtain sufficient vapor permeability,
If it is longer than 0 mm, it becomes difficult to handle as a single plate or a thin plate. Also, it is obvious that the slit length L _S must be shorter than the length of a single plate or a thin plate.

Further, the slit interval of the length direction represented by L ₁ in FIG. 1 (A), 10 to 500 mm, more preferably set to 50 to 200 mm, 0.5 to 1 of the slit length L _S. It is preferable to make it 5 times. L ₁ is 10m
If it is shorter than m, the veneer or thin plate is likely to be damaged.
If it exceeds 00 mm, sufficient vapor permeability cannot be obtained, and both are not preferred.

The slit interval in the width direction represented by L ₂ in FIG. 1A is 5 to 50 mm, more preferably 1 to 50 mm.
It is 0 to 20 mm. If L ₂ is shorter than 5 mm, it becomes difficult to handle a single plate or a thin plate, and if L ₂ exceeds 50 mm, sufficient steam permeability cannot be obtained, and both are not preferred.

The arrangement of the slits S is shown in FIG.
The slits adjacent to each other in the width direction are alternately arranged with the symmetry in the length direction as shown in FIG.
It is preferable to arrange them alternately instead of in parallel, for example, as shown in FIG. When arranged in parallel, the passage of steam becomes uneven, which causes uneven heating and banks.

FIG. 2 shows a method of forming a slit.
As illustrated in (A) and (B), a cutting tool having a cutting edge 21 partially formed on the outer circumference, a cutting tool having an eccentric mounting position with respect to the rotating shaft 22 as shown in FIG.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3 (D), a plurality of such blades are attached to the rotating shaft at predetermined intervals, and a single plate or a thin plate is partially cut as illustrated in FIG. Can be mentioned. Here, in FIG. 3A, another rotating shaft 33 is provided to face the rotating shaft 32 to which the blade 31 is attached, and the rotating shaft 33 is provided with a groove 34 corresponding to the disposition position of each blade 31. The method adopts a method in which a receiving roll 35 is attached, and a single plate or a thin plate V is supplied therebetween. Also, in FIG. 3B, instead of the receiving roll 35, the blade 31
The receiving blade (disk) 36 is mounted so as to be alternately arranged.

On the other hand, in the present invention, a single plate or a thin plate is formed by combining a plurality of long strips which are not completely separated from each other with wood fibers, and an opening is formed between the long strips. A method for processing into a state in which it is performed (hereinafter, this state is referred to as a long strip combined body) will be described.

The width of the long strip constituting the long strip combination is 5 to 50 mm, more preferably 8 to 30 mm. When it is smaller than 5 mm, it becomes difficult to handle as a single plate or a thin plate, and when it exceeds 50 mm, the permeability of steam becomes poor.

FIG. 4 (A) shows a method for forming a long strip combined body.
As shown in the figure, a plurality of blades 43 are attached to each of the rotating shafts 41 and 42 parallel to each other at equal intervals,
As shown in FIG. 5B, the opposed blades 43 are opposed to each other without overlapping, and a single plate or a thin plate V is passed between the blades. As shown in FIG. It is possible to adopt a method of overlapping and slightly displacing in the direction of the rotation axis, and passing a single plate or a thin plate V between the blades 43 as shown in FIG. Also, as shown in FIG.
A blade 43 equivalent to the above may be mounted on one of the rotation shafts, and a receiving roll 45 having a groove 44 facing each blade 43 may be mounted on the other rotation shaft 42.

According to the above-described method, the above-described combined long strip is obtained in which the single plate or the thin plate V is not completely separated by the blade 43 and the long strips are connected by the wood fiber.

In the present invention, the adhesive applied to the surface of a veneer or a thin plate includes a polyisocyanate compound,
Known adhesives such as urethane adhesives, epoxy resin adhesives, aqueous vinyl urethane, urea resin adhesives, and melamine resin adhesives can be used.

As a method of applying the adhesive to the surface of a single plate or a thin plate, a known coating method such as a spray method, a roll coater method, a curtain coater method, and a dipping method can be adopted.

Further, in the present invention, a single plate or a thin plate (hereinafter, referred to as a thin plate) formed by applying an adhesive to the surface and forming slits or processing into a long strip combined body as described above is used. ) Are stacked in a desired number and dimensions, and sent to the next pressing step. At this time, if the length and width of the thin plate-shaped members are the same as the dimensions of the laminated body to be formed (hereinafter, referred to as the laminated body dimensions), the desired number of sheets may be laminated as it is.

When only one of the length and the width of the thin plate is the same as the size of the laminate, the laminate is laminated in the same direction as the size of the laminate, and the direction is different from the size of the laminate. That is, a plurality of thin plate-shaped members are stacked close to each other on the side shorter than the stacked body dimensions. Particularly in the length direction (the direction of the wood fiber), it is desirable to make the ends extremely close to each other or to overlap them.

Further, when both the length and the width of the thin plate are shorter than the dimensions of the laminate, a plurality of the thin plates are stacked close to each other in both the length and width directions. Again,
In the longitudinal direction, it is desirable to make the ends very close to each other or to overlap them.

In the case of lamination, if the length of the thin plate is longer than the length of the laminate in the length direction or width direction, it can be cut to a desired length after lamination. Here, in the length direction, after laminating continuously to a desired thickness and number of sheets, it is also possible to cut the laminate into dimensions.

The laminating direction of the laminations is such that the laminating direction is such that the direction of the wood fiber or the direction in which the slits or the incompletely separated elongated strips extend is substantially parallel to each other. In the case where the obtained laminate is used as a panel, when the same physical properties are required in both the length direction and the width direction, as in the case of using the obtained laminate, the wood fiber direction or the slit or the incompletely separated long sheet is required. The strips may be stacked with their extending directions intersecting each other. When crossing, any one of the crossing methods, that is, every other sheet or a plurality of sheets in the thickness direction, or both the front and back layers and the core layer can be adopted.

In the present invention, the laminar bodies to be laminated on each other need not necessarily be of the same type, thickness, slit length, slit width, slit interval, incompletely separated long strip width, but different tree species. , Thickness, slit length, slit width, slit interval, incompletely separated long strip width may be mixed. For example, the following three-layer structure is also possible.

The core layer is made of low specific gravity wood, and the front and back layers are made of a thin plate made of high specific gravity wood. Or vice versa.

The core layer is a long strip combined body, and the front and back layers are formed of a thin plate having slits. Or vice versa.

The core layer has a thickness of 3 mm or more, and the front and back layers have a thickness of 3 m.
It is composed of a thin plate having a thickness of less than m. Or vice versa.

A fiber whose core layer is obtained by a conventional technique;
Chips, flakes, sticks, and other small pieces of wood and small pieces of wood are used, and the front and back layers are thin plates used in the present invention. In this case, the reverse is not possible.

In the present invention, the laminating operation includes:
In the production of plywood or LVL, a conventionally known laminating technique can be used.

In the present invention, as a heating / pressing method (pressing method) after laminating the thin plate-like bodies, any of a heating method by introducing steam injection and a heating method by high frequency or microwave can be adopted. The press form may be any type such as a continuous type, a batch type, an open type, a closed type, a single-stage type, a multi-stage type, and a conventionally known press type can be adopted.

The wood laminate, that is, the product obtained according to the present invention preferably has a density of 0.3 to 0.9 g / cm.
³ , more preferably 0.4 to 0.7 g / cm ³ .
If it is less than 0.3 g / cm ³ , the required strength is not exhibited, and if it is more than 0.9 g / cm ^3, it becomes too heavy and handling becomes difficult.

The order of the manufacturing steps in the present invention can take any of the following forms. Raw wood → Veneer or thin plate → (joined if necessary)
→ Slit formation or processing into a long strip combined body → Adhesive application → Lamination → (Cut to fixed length if necessary) → Press Raw material wood → Single or thin plate → Joining → Sizing → Slit formation or long Processing into a combined strip → adhesive application → lamination → press material wood → veneer or thin plate → (joining if necessary)
→ Adhesive application → Slit formation or processing into a long strip assembly → Lamination → (cut to standard length if necessary) → Pressed raw wood → Single or thin plate → Joining → Adhesive application → Slit formation or long Processing into a combined strip → lamination → press

[0053]

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an essential configuration of an embodiment of a manufacturing process of a wooden laminated material to which the present invention is applied.

In this example, a veneer veneer V is joined in advance in the width direction (horizontal direction) and the length direction (vertical direction) and a single veneer W
This shows an example in which a slit is formed.

That is, the veneer veneer V after drying is firstly continuously joined in the width direction by the horizontal joining machine 71.
Next, it is cut by the rotary clipper 72 into a fixed length in the width direction at the time of pressing. Thereafter, the pieces are continuously joined in the longitudinal direction by the vertical joining machine 73, and then cut by the rotary clipper 74 into a fixed length in the length direction at the time of pressing.

The fixed-sized veneer W thus prepared
The slits S are formed in a zigzag pattern by the discontinuous vertical slitter 75, and an adhesive is applied to the surface thereof by the roll coater 76, thereby forming a fixed-size slit sheet WS. The required number of sheets WS are stacked on a stacking pallet 78 by a transfer machine 77, conveyed to a pressing device (not shown), and bonded and integrated by heating and pressing to obtain a desired woody laminated material. You.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the configuration of another embodiment of the process for producing a wooden laminated material to which the present invention is applied.

In this example, after the veneer veneer V is dried by the dryer 81, the rotary blade device 82 illustrated in FIGS.
Into a long strip assembly WJ through the adhesive coating machine 8
After applying the adhesive on the surface by 3,
The laminate is laminated by a predetermined amount in the length direction and the width direction, and heated and pressed by a press machine 84 capable of injecting steam from the upper and lower hot plates 84a and 84b to obtain a wood laminate.

[0059]

As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of slits are formed in a single plate or a thin plate, or
After processing a veneer or thin plate into a state in which a plurality of long strips that are not completely separated are joined to each other by a wooden fiber, and an open portion is formed between each long strip, Since the single plate or the thin plate is bonded by heating and pressing in a state where a plurality of the single plates or the thin plates are laminated, when heating and pressing in the laminated state, the slit or the opening between the long strips may be used in the thickness direction. A steam passage will be formed, for example, when using a steam injection press, it is possible to inject steam from the upper and lower heating plates, and efficiently at the time of forming a large-area thick product, and The laminate can be heated uniformly, and even when a high-frequency or microwave heating press is used, troubles such as rupture can be prevented because the internal high-temperature steam is easily released.

In addition, compared to the conventional method of integrating and integrating independent long strips, a laminated material is basically formed using a single plate or a thin plate which is easy to handle. And a complicated device is not required to secure the orientation.

As described above, according to the present invention, a material which can be easily obtained in a simple process and which is easy to handle in a laminating process or the like can be used without requiring a complicated apparatus. By improving the permeability of steam, a large-area and thick wood laminate can be efficiently produced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the length, interval, and arrangement method of slits S formed in a single plate or a thin plate in the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a slit S in a single plate or a thin plate in the present invention.
Explanatory drawing of an example of a cutting tool used when forming

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an example of a method of forming a slit S in a single plate or a thin plate using the blade of FIG. 2 in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of an example of a step of forming a long strip combined body in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of another example of the step of forming a long strip combined body in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of still another example of the step of forming a long strip combined body in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing main steps of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a process according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 71 horizontal joining machine 72, 74 rotary clipper 73 vertical joining machine 75 discontinuous vertical slitter 76 roll coater 77 transfer machine 78 laminating pallet 81 drying machine 82 rotary blade device 83 adhesive coating device 84 press veneer veneer W Standard size single plate S slit WS sheet with slit WJ long strip combined

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A heating / pressing method wherein a plurality of single plates or thin plates provided with a plurality of slits through which steam can pass and having an adhesive applied to the surface thereof are laminated on each other. Method of manufacturing a laminated wooden material. 2. A single plate or a thin plate in which a plurality of long strips which are not completely separated are connected to each other by a wooden fiber, and an open portion is formed between the long strips. A method for producing a wood laminated material, comprising: applying heat and pressure in a state where a plurality of single plates or thin plates are laminated to each other after applying an adhesive to the surface thereof.