JPH1158034A - Joining method of ferrous material and high tension brass alloy and composite material joined by the method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of bringing a ferrous material into direct contact with a high tension brass alloy without using an insert and moreover joining the ferrous material with the high tension brass alloy with sufficient joining strength because of generating no brittle intermetallic compound layer between them and the composite material joined by a casting deposition method or a solid joining method. SOLUTION: In the case of joining the high tension brass alloy 3 having excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance and seizure resistance with the ferrous material 1 as the main body of machine parts and sliding parts, the high power brass alloy 3 used in it is composed of <=3% Al, 15-50% Zn and the balance Cu as the chemical constituent, oxygen is shut off by sealing with the atmosphere of the inert gas of nitrogen and argon or the like and a reducing cracked gas or the like, or by covering with borax and flux acting with the heating temperature or by using a vacuum and the other method so that oxygen does not intervene between the surfaces to be joined, both or one of the ferrous material 1 and the high tension brass alloy 3 is heated at 700-1300 deg.C and the high tension brass alloy 3 is brought into direct contact with the ferrous material 1 in the state of solid, liquid or half-fusion.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a high strength brass alloy as a sliding portion or a corrosion resistant portion on an iron-based material as a main body by casting welding or solid joining (including joining in a partially molten state). The present invention relates to a method of joining an iron-based material and a high-strength brass alloy to be integrated and a composite material joined by the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Such composite materials include, for example, bearings such as journal bearings and thrust bearings, cylinder blocks for piston pumps and piston motors, swash plates, and the like.
Sliding parts such as shoes, etc., and parts used under high speed and high load, etc. are listed.Since high strength brass alloy alone has insufficient strength, it is difficult to Combined with good high strength brass alloy.

[0003] Such composite materials are used in seawater, sewage,
Used in areas exposed to fresh water, acids, and alkalis, and in atmospheres such as corrosive vapors and corrosive gases. In other words, it is required as a corrosion-resistant component that requires the toughness of an iron-based material and the excellent corrosion resistance of a high-strength brass alloy, and as a sliding component used in such a corrosion-resistant atmosphere.

Conventionally, when a high-strength brass alloy is joined to an iron-based material, the following method is used. 1) Overlay welding 2) Brazing and soldering 3) Insert method 4) A method of solid joining or casting welding through an insert material made of Ni material, phosphor bronze material, etc., or a plating layer at the joint interface 5) Thermal spraying 6) Powder sintering 7) Cast welding, solid joining

[0005]

Among the conventional joining methods described above, the overlay welding, brazing, soldering, and insert methods are technically difficult or not suitable for mass production. There is.

In the thermal spraying method, since the thermal spraying material is heated and thermally sprayed, the thermal spray coating has a low bonding strength and may be peeled off under severe sliding conditions. Further, since the thermal spraying temperature is as high as about 2000 ° C., in a high-strength brass alloy material containing a component having a low boiling point such as lead or zinc or a component which is easily oxidized such as aluminum or silicon, these elements in the thermal spray coating are not included. Varies in the content of. There is also a disadvantage that the manufacturing cost is increased.

[0007] Powder sintering is performed by using brass alloy powder (PBC-
2, LBC-3, etc.) by compression molding with a press to produce a green compact, which is placed on an iron-based material at 800 to 900 ° C.
This is a method of joining by heating at a high temperature. In this case, usually, a weight is added and heated in a pressurized state to melt the entire high-strength brass alloy in some cases. In any case, since the powder sintered layer is porous, cracks are likely to occur in applications where the sliding conditions are severe, and the bonding strength is low.

In the joining of an iron-based material and a brass alloy by cast welding or solid joining, casting, solid joining or joining in a partially molten state can be performed without using an insert. Strong bonding strength can be obtained at a lower cost than in the case of a high strength brass alloy.
Since a brittle intermetallic compound layer containing e as a main component is generated (see FIG. 12), it is necessary to prevent the generation of the brittle intermetallic compound layer in order to obtain a higher bonding strength.

[0009] Solid bonding is basically a method in which a high-strength brass alloy, which is a bonding material, is heated to a temperature close to a melting point and bonded in a solid state by mutual diffusion between iron and copper molecules. In order to obtain a desired bonding strength, an insert material is necessary, and at present, it is melted.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention provides a method in which an iron-based material and a high-strength brass alloy are brought into direct contact with each other without using an insert in a casting welding method or a solid joining method, and furthermore, a brittle material is provided therebetween. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of joining an iron-based material and a high-strength brass alloy that can provide a sufficient joining strength so that a simple intermetallic compound layer is not generated, and a composite material joined by the method.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a steel component as a main body of a mechanical component or a sliding component by using a high corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance and seizure resistance. When joining a high-strength brass alloy, regarding the chemical components of the high-strength brass alloy used for the joining, Al: 3% or less, Zn: 15 to 50
%, The remainder is Cu, sealing is performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon, or a reducing gas such as a reducing gas so that oxygen is not interposed on the bonding surface, or covered with borax or flux acting at the heating temperature, or vacuum. Or other methods to cut off oxygen and heat the ferrous material and / or high-strength brass alloy to 700-1300 ° C to turn the high-strength brass alloy into a solid, liquid or semi-molten iron-based material. An object of the present invention is to provide a method of joining an iron-based material and a high-strength brass alloy, which are brought into direct contact with a material, and a composite material joined by the method.

In addition, the chemical composition of the high-strength brass alloy is based on the following: Al: 3% or less; Zn: 15 to 50%; balance: Cu; Si; 0.1 to 3%, and further , Mn: 0.1 to 5%, Pb: 0.1 to 4%, or Si: 0.1 to 3%, Mn: 0.1
-5%, Pb; 0.1-4%, Ni; 0.1-5%, F
e; 0.1-4%, Co; 0.1-3%, Zr; 0.0
1-2%, Cr; 0.01-2%, Ti; 0.01-3
%, Mo; 0.01 to 2%, V; 0.01 to 2%, S
n: 0.1 to 3%, Nb: 0.01 to 1%, P: 0.0
0.05 to 0.5%, Sb; 0.05 to 1%, Bi; 0.1
In at least 3%, at least one is mixed,
Then, it is more effective to achieve the purpose.

In addition, for the purpose of improving the adhesion between the iron-based material and the high-strength brass alloy and removing bubbles, flux, and other inclusions at the joint interface, both the iron-based material and the high-strength brass alloy are used. When one is pressed with a press or a weight at a temperature range of 500 to 1300 ° C. to promote metallurgical bonding,
It is more effective to achieve the purpose.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, a component of a high-strength brass alloy is Al;
% Or less; Zn; 15 to 50%, the brittle intermetallic compound layer is not generated between the metal and the iron-based material, and the two metals are directly and strongly bonded. If the Al content is more than 3%, a brittle intermetallic compound of Al-Fe is formed at the joint, and the joining strength becomes insufficient. When Zn is less than 15%,
Abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance as a high-strength brass alloy cannot be obtained.
If it is more than 50%, a hard and brittle phase is precipitated in the high-strength brass alloy, resulting in insufficient toughness. Next, the reason for selecting an element when mixing other elements with such a high-strength brass alloy and the reason for limiting the amount of addition will be described.

(Claim 2) Si (0.1 to 3%) forms a solid solution in the matrix, thereby strengthening the matrix and improving the corrosion resistance of the material. Also, Mn, Fe, Co, Z
It coexists with r, Ni, Cr, Ti, Mo, V, Nb, P, and Sb to form an intermetallic compound, thereby improving wear resistance and seizure resistance. And when Si is more than 3%,
The corrosion resistance is saturated, and the distribution of the intermetallic compound becomes uneven.
On the other hand, if it is less than 0.1%, the effect of improving the corrosion resistance is not recognized, and the amount of the intermetallic compound becomes insufficient.

(Claim 3) Mn (0.1 to 5%) forms a solid solution in the matrix to improve the strength of the material.
It mainly forms an intermetallic compound in combination with Si to improve wear resistance and seizure resistance. (Claim 4) For Pb (0.1 to 4%), improvement in seizure resistance and machinability can be expected. (Claim 5) Ni (0.5 to 5%) forms a solid solution in the matrix and improves corrosion resistance and strength. Also, P, Sb,
Nb, Al, Fe, Co, Zr, Si, Cr, Ti, V
And an intermetallic compound to improve wear resistance and seizure resistance.

The addition of Fe (0.1 to 4%) is for preventing crystal coarsening and improving the material strength.
i, Co, P, Nb, Mn, Zr, Cr, Ti, Mo,
It constitutes an intermetallic compound with Sb and V, and improves wear resistance and seizure resistance.

Co (0.1 to 3%) promotes crystal refining, and Al, Si, Ni, Fe, Zr, P,
Sb, Nb, and V constitute an intermetallic compound.

Zr (0.01-1%) is composed of Al, Si,
The crystal of the intermetallic compound between Ni, Fe, Cr, Ti, V, P, Co, Nb and Sb is refined.

Cr (0.01 to 2%) contains P, Co, S
i, Fe, Ti, Al, Zr, V, Ni, Mo, Mn,
An intermetallic compound is formed between Nb and Sb, and a solid solution is formed to improve corrosion resistance.

Mo (0.01 to 2%) contains Al, Cr,
It forms an intermetallic compound with Si, Fe and Ni.

V (0.01 to 2%) is Nb, Ti, C
r, Zr, Co, Fe, Ni, and Sb constitute an intermetallic compound.

Nb (0.01 to 2%) is composed of Al, Ni,
Si, Mn, Fe, Co, Zr, Cr, Ti, Mo,
It forms an intermetallic compound with V, P, and Sb, and promotes crystal refinement.

For Sn (0.1-3%), it is expected that the matrix is reinforced, the corrosion resistance is improved, and the dezincification corrosion is prevented.

P (0.005 to 0.5%) plays a role of forming an intermetallic compound and preventing dezincification corrosion.

For Sb (0.05-1%), P,
Nb, V, Ti, Cr, Zr, Co, Fe, Si, Ni
And the prevention of dezincification corrosion can be expected.

Bi (0.1-3%) can prevent lead damage and
It works to improve machinability.

Next, as the iron-based material, soft iron, carbon steel, alloy steel, and stainless steel are appropriately used.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, an iron-based material and a high-strength brass alloy are brought into direct contact without using an insert, and a brittle intermetallic compound layer is not generated between them. A method for joining an iron-based material and a high-strength brass alloy with sufficient joining strength and a composite material joined by the method were successfully provided. The high strength brass alloy has an effect that the bonding strength is remarkably excellent, and a product that effectively exhibits wear resistance, corrosion resistance, seizure resistance and the like can be manufactured.

[0029]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The case of the casting welding method and the case of the solid joining method will be described below with reference to the drawings and tables. In each case, as shown in FIG. 4, a composite material P obtained by joining a high-strength brass alloy 3 having a thickness of 2 mm to one surface of a disk surface of a ferrous material 1 of φ95 × 29t is obtained.

As for the shape of the iron-based material 1 as the main body material, FIG. 1 shows the casting and welding, and FIG.
Shown for joining. FIG. 3 shows a material of the high-strength brass alloy 3. Dimensions are shown in mm in all figures.

In each case, the iron-based material 1
S45C (JIS G451) material was used. It is used as a rolled material or a forged material because carbon contains 0.42 to 0.48% as a component, and is a material for general machine parts. If there is a demand for high strength, it can be used by increasing the toughness by performing heat treatment such as quenching and tempering, and is widely used as a relatively versatile material. Therefore, in this embodiment, the material was selected in consideration of this use.

Regarding the material dimensions of the high-strength brass alloy 3, φ
The thickness was 100 × 5 mm (FIG. 3). The chemical components of the high-strength brass alloy 3 according to the present invention are as shown in Table 1, and 23 types (Nos. 1 to 2) were used for the casting welding method and the solid joining method, respectively.
The data of 3) was obtained. As comparative examples, nine kinds of data were obtained for the chemical composition of the high-strength brass alloy 3 deviating from the present invention by the cast welding method and the solid joining method. This is shown in Table 2 (A to I).

[Table 1]

[Table 2]

As the flux, powdered borax 4 having a melting point of 760 ° C. was used. Borax 4 has the property of dissolving metal oxides well, and is known as a solvent for metal brazing or the like.
Basically, fluxes other than borax 4 are not limited to borax, as long as the flux has a melting point lower than the proper bonding temperature of 700 ° C. of the present invention and exhibits activity in a temperature range of 700 to 1300 ° C. At present, attempts have been made to use various other fluxes, but borax has given the best results.

Next, the procedure of casting welding will be described.

As shown in FIG. 5, borax 4 is put into the casting surface 5, then put into a heating furnace, kept at a temperature of 900 to 950 ° C., heated for 1 hour, taken out of the furnace, and put in another melting furnace. The molten high-strength brass alloy 3 is injected (FIG. 6). Then, it was cooled by shower water cooling (FIG. 7). When quenching is not performed, air cooling is used. Next, it is pressed by a press in a molten or semi-molten state. For this, a hydraulic cylinder was used, with a load of 18 to 12
ton. In this regard, two types of materials were obtained, one under pressure (press work) and one without (no press work). Next, about what was shower water cooled, 600
Tempered at a temperature of 1 ° C. for 1 hour, allowed to cool, and then machined as shown in FIG.

Next, the solid joining (semi-melting joining) will be described.

First, the joining surface of the iron-based material 1 is degreased and washed, and then borax 4 is sprayed on the joining surface (FIG. 8), and the high-strength brass alloy 3 is placed thereon (FIG. 9). Next, insert into the heating furnace,
After heating for 1 hour while maintaining the temperature of 900 to 950 ° C., it is taken out of the furnace and pressed in a solid state with a load of 8 to
Pressurize at 12 tons. In this case, too,
There were two types: those that did not. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, machining was performed.

Next, regarding the evaluation of the casting welding and the solid joining, the shear strength measurement and the penetration damage test (P.
T. ). Table 3 shows the results together with Comparative Examples (A to I).

[Table 3]

In the measurement of the shear strength, a shear test piece Pa having the shape shown in FIG. 10 was sampled from the composite material, the shear force was measured as shown in FIG. 11, and a test piece having a value of 13 kgf / mm ² or more was accepted.

In the penetrating wound test, the bonded interface was subjected to a penetrating wound inspection (PT) for the machined composite material in accordance with “JIS Z 2343”. Pass / fail criteria are:
Pointing patterns smaller than 1.6 mm were allowed.

As can be seen from Table 3, in the case of the present invention, all the materials passed in both the shear strength measurement and the penetrating wound test. T. Have all passed,
All shear strengths failed. Further, the sprayed product was also measured at the same time, but failed in both measurements (see the last column of Table 3).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an iron-based material used for casting welding.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an iron-based material used for solid joining.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a high-strength brass alloy material used for solid joining.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a composite material.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a procedure of casting welding.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the next step of the casting welding.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a further next procedure of the casting welding.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a procedure of solid joining.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the next procedure of the solid joining.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a test piece used for shear strength measurement.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing the same measurement state.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 P Composite material in which iron-based material and high-strength brass alloy are joined 1 Iron-based material 3 High-strength brass alloy 4 Borax as flux

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification symbol FI B22D 19/08 B22D 19/08 E B23K 20/14 B23K 20/14 C22C 9/04 C22C 9/04 18/02 18/02 (72) Invention Person Kenichi Ichida 1-Nishi-Ashihara, Tateyama-machi, Tateyama-cho, Toyama Prefecture Inside Chuetsu Alloy Casting Co., Ltd. Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shigeyuki Aburaya 1, No. 1, Nishi-Ashihara, Tateyama-cho, Nakashinkawa-gun, Toyama Pref.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A chemical composition of a high-strength brass alloy used for joining a high-strength brass alloy having good corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance, and seizure resistance to an iron-based material as a main body of a mechanical part or a sliding part. About; Al; 3% or less; Zn; 15 to 50%;
There is no residual Cu, and it is sealed in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon or a reducing gas such as a reducing gas so that oxygen is not interposed on the joint surface, covered with borax or flux that operates at a heating temperature, vacuum or other The oxygen is blocked by using the method described above, and the ferrous material and / or the high-strength brass alloy
A method for bonding a ferrous material and a high-strength brass alloy, wherein the ferrous material is brought into direct contact with the ferrous material in a solid, liquid or semi-molten state by heating to 0 to 1300 ° C. 2. The chemical composition of a high-strength brass alloy is as follows:
l: 3% or less, Zn: 15 to 50%, Si: 0.1 to 3
2. The method for joining a ferrous material and a high-strength brass alloy according to claim 1, wherein the balance is Cu. 3. The chemical composition of a high-strength brass alloy,
l: 3% or less, Zn: 15 to 50%, Si: 0.1 to 3
%, Mn; 0.1 to 5%, the balance being Cu, the method for joining an iron-based material and a high-strength brass alloy according to claim 1. 4. The chemical composition of a high-strength brass alloy,
l: 3% or less, Zn: 15 to 50%, Si: 0.1 to 3
%, Mn: 0.1 to 5%, Pb: 0.1 to 4%, balance C
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the material is u. 5. The chemical composition of a high-strength brass alloy,
1; 3% or less; Zn; 15 to 50%;
Si; 0.1 to 3%, Mn; 0.1 to 5%, Pb;
1-4%, Ni; 0.1-5%, Fe; 0.1-4%,
Co; 0.1 to 3%, Zr; 0.01 to 2%, Cr;
0.01 to 2%, Ti; 0.01 to 3%, Mo; 0.0
1-2%, V; 0.01-2%, Sn; 0.1-3%,
Nb: 0.01 to 1%, P: 0.005 to 0.5%, S
2. The ferrous material and the high-strength brass alloy according to claim 1, wherein at least one of b: 0.05 to 1% and Bi: 0.1 to 3% is mixed and the balance is Cu. how to. 6. For the purpose of improving the adhesion between the ferrous material and the high-strength brass alloy and removing bubbles, flux, and other inclusions at the joint interface, both or one of the ferrous material and the high-strength brass alloy is used. 6. The ferrous material and the high-strength brass alloy according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein the ferrous material is pressed by a press or a weight or the like in a temperature range of 500 to 1300 ° C. to promote metallurgical bonding. Method. 7. A composite material of an iron-based material and a high-strength brass alloy produced by the joining method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.