JPH1157667A - Fermentation treating tank and raw refuse grinding and fermentation treating apparatus using it - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fermentation treating tank which can detect forgetting of putting a raw refuse water content adjusting material and can inform this to a user and a raw refuse treating apparatus using it. SOLUTION: A fermentation treating tank which has a treating tank in which raw refuse is fed, a raw refuse water content adjusting material which adjusts the water content in the raw refuse and performs fermentation decomposition of the raw refuse to make it into a compost, an agitating blade provided in the treating tank and for agitating and mixing the raw refuse and the raw refuse water content adjusting material, an agitating motor for rotating the agitating blade, a water content sensor 51 provided in the treating tank and for detecting the water content in the treating tank, and a control means 30 which can shift the operation to a stationary motion when the water content obtd. by this water content sensor 51 is within a range of the water content of the raw refuse water content adjusting material and when it is out of the range, can inform it to a user by an alarm lamp 52 by judging that there exists no raw refuse water content adjusting material, is provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fermentation tank for pulverizing garbage and then composting the garbage using microbial decomposition, and a garbage crushing and fermentation processing apparatus using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, many garbage pulverizing and fermenting treatment apparatuses for composting by utilizing microbial decomposition are disclosed in JP-A-5-221766 and JP-A-4-4084. Are known.

[0003] However, in the conventional fermentation treatment tanks for composting utilizing microbial decomposition, bacteria mainly including general soil bacteria are often cultured in the fermentation treatment tanks as microorganisms. Due to the fact that, in addition to the odor of the fermentation tank itself, odors may be generated due to fermentation decomposition, and installing such a fermentation treatment tank indoors may cause hygiene problems. Was based.

Therefore, garbage generated in a home kitchen or the like must be transported to the outside where a fermentation treatment tank is installed and then thrown in. Then, there was a problem that juice dripping occurred during transportation. In particular, in the summer season, insects came in due to the rotten odor of the soup, causing an unpleasant environment. Also,
There was a problem in terms of convenience in transporting and putting in the outdoors. In particular, transportation and input work in winter when the temperature is low places a great burden on the user.

[0005] In order to solve such a problem, it has been considered to provide a separate transport means for transporting garbage to the fermentation treatment tank on behalf of the user. By providing such a transportation means, the user is released from the trouble of transporting garbage,
It is not necessary to go to the place where the fermentation treatment tank is installed except for the replacement of the garbage water conditioner which is required regularly.

[0006]

Here, after the garbage water conditioning material whose life has expired is taken out for replacement, it may be forgotten to insert a new garbage water conditioning material for some reason. In such a case, if it becomes impossible to see the fermentation tank on a daily basis due to the provision of the garbage transport means as described above,
Once away from the fermentation tank, there was no way for the user to know this fact indoors.

[0007] The fermentation treatment tank must restrict the range of the optimum moisture content to around 50 to 60%, in principle, in order to perform fermentation decomposition using microorganisms for composting. In other words, the fermentation treatment tank is a so-called dry type on the premise that garbage itself or a garbage to which a small amount of water is added is treated in a sufficient amount of garbage water conditioning material.

Therefore, when a high-viscosity garbage crushed material is put into a fermentation treatment tank without a garbage water conditioning material,
The crushed garbage will be treated with an abnormally high water content. Then, the inside of the treatment tank becomes anaerobic, and the fermentation treatment becomes practically impossible.

Therefore, the present invention provides a fermentation treatment tank capable of automatically detecting when the garbage water conditioning material is forgotten to be inserted and informing the user of the forgetting, and a garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus using the same. The purpose is to:

[0010]

In order to solve this problem, a fermentation treatment tank according to the present invention is provided with a treatment tank into which garbage is put, a water content in the garbage, and a fermentation decomposition of the garbage. A garbage water conditioning material for composting the garbage, a stirring blade provided in the treatment tank for stirring and mixing the garbage and the garbage water conditioning material, a stirring motor for rotating the stirring blade, and a treatment tank. A moisture content detecting means for detecting the moisture content in the treatment tank provided, and when the moisture content obtained by the moisture content detecting means is within the range of the moisture content of the garbage moisture adjusting material, the operation is shifted to a steady operation. And a control means for judging that there is no garbage water adjusting material when it is out of the range, and notifying the user of the fact by the notifying means.

A treatment tank into which the garbage is charged, a garbage moisture adjusting material for adjusting the water content of the garbage, fermenting and decomposing the garbage to compost it, and provided in the treatment tank. A stirring blade for stirring and mixing the garbage and the garbage water adjusting material, a stirring motor for rotating the stirring blade, a stirring motor rotation number detecting means for detecting the rotation number of the stirring motor, and a stirring motor rotation number detecting means. When the rotation speed of the stirring motor is within the range of the rotation speed when the garbage moisture adjusting material is being stirred, the operation is shifted to the steady operation, and when the rotation speed is out of the range, it is determined that there is no garbage moisture adjusting material and the notification is performed. Control means for notifying the user of the fact by means.

Thus, the presence or absence of the garbage moisture adjusting material is detected by the control means from the water content in the processing tank or the rotation speed of the stirring motor. Be informed.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS According to the first aspect of the present invention, a treatment tank into which garbage is put, a water content in the garbage is adjusted, and the garbage is fermented and decomposed to be composted. A garbage moisture adjusting material, a stirring blade provided in the processing tank, for stirring and mixing the garbage and the garbage water adjusting material, a stirring motor for rotating the stirring blade, and a stirring motor provided in the processing tank, A moisture content detection means for detecting the moisture content of the garbage, and when the moisture content obtained by the moisture content detection means is within the range of the moisture content of the garbage moisture adjusting material, the operation is shifted to a steady state operation. A fermentation treatment tank having control means for judging that there is no moisture adjusting material and informing the user of the fact by an informing means, wherein the presence or absence of the garbage moisture adjusting material is detected from the value of the water content in the treatment tank. And forget to put the garbage water conditioner In the case of forgotten with the dynamically detected has the effect that it is possible to notify this to the user.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a treatment tank into which garbage is charged, and a garbage moisture adjustment for adjusting the moisture in the garbage and fermenting and decomposing the garbage to compost it. Material, a stirring blade provided in the processing tank, for stirring and mixing the garbage and the garbage moisture adjusting material, a stirring motor for rotating the stirring blade, and a stirring motor rotation speed detecting means for detecting the rotation speed of the stirring motor. When the rotation speed of the stirring motor obtained by the stirring motor rotation speed detecting means is within the range of the rotation speed when stirring the garbage water adjusting material, the operation is shifted to the steady operation, while when the rotation speed is out of the range, the production is stopped. It is a fermentation treatment tank having control means for judging that there is no garbage moisture adjusting material and notifying the user to that effect by the notifying means, and detecting the presence or absence of the garbage moisture adjusting material from the rotation speed of the stirring motor. Garbage It has the effect that in case of forgotten with the minute adjusting material forgotten is detected automatically becomes possible to notify this to the user.

The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is the fermentation treatment tank according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of an alarm lamp and an alarm buzzer is used as the notification means. This has the effect that the user can be more reliably notified of forgetting to insert the garbage moisture adjusting material.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a garbage crushing means for crushing garbage to convert the garbage into a crushed garbage, a fermentation treatment tank according to the first, second or third aspect, A garbage crushing and fermenting treatment apparatus having a garbage crushing and fermenting treatment device having a pumping means for sending garbage crushed material crushed by garbage crushing means to a fermentation treatment tank through a transport path, and stably performs a series of processes from garbage crushing to fermentation treatment. It has the effect that it can be performed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect of the invention, when the control means determines that there is no garbage moisture adjusting material, the control means operates the garbage crushing means. This is a garbage crushing and fermentation treatment device that is stopped, and the crushed garbage with high viscosity is thrown in without a garbage water conditioning material, and the water content in the treatment tank becomes abnormally high and the inside of the tank becomes anaerobic. Has the effect of disappearing.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIG. In these drawings, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description is omitted.

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing garbage crushing means in the garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus of FIG. 3 (a) is a sectional view of a fermentation treatment tank of the garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 (b) is a sectional view showing the fermentation treatment tank at a section orthogonal to the section of FIG. 3 (a). 4 is FIG.
5 is an enlarged sectional view of a part of the fermentation treatment apparatus of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a squeeze pump in the garbage pulverization fermentation treatment apparatus of FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for detecting the presence / absence of a garbage water conditioning material in the fermentation treatment tank of FIG. 3, and FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the presence / absence of a garbage moisture conditioning material in the fermentation treatment tank of FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing another example of the procedure for detecting the.

In FIG. 1, a garbage crushing means 1 similar to a mixer for crushing garbage is mounted under a sink of a kitchen sink, and crushes the garbage by merely mixing a small amount of water into the garbage. Make it transportable. The garbage crushing means 1 is connected to a fermentation treatment tank 4 by a transport path 3. The transport path 3 is made of, for example, a seamless, flexible polyethylene tube having an inner diameter of 10 mm, and the surface roughness (ε / D) of the inner wall surface is set to be smaller than, for example, 0.003. Here, ε is the height of minute irregularities indicating the surface roughness of the inner wall surface, and D is the representative dimension of the tube (in the case of a circular tube, the inner diameter). The representative dimension is obtained by dividing four times the cross-sectional area of the tube by the inner peripheral length. However, the surface roughness is not restricted to the above-mentioned value, and any surface roughness can be used as long as the adhesion of the crushed garbage to the inner wall surface of the transport path 3 can be minimized. The fermentation treatment tank 4 is configured to culture microorganisms such as aerobic thermophilic bacteria, mainly Bacillus, and compost the conveyed garbage. A display unit 50 for notifying the user of the state of the fermentation processing tank 4 as described later is connected to the fermentation processing tank 4.

A squeeze pump (pressurizing means) 2 is provided between the garbage crushing means 1 and the transport path 3, and the high viscosity garbage crushed by the garbage crushing means 1 is transferred to the transport path 3.
, And this is fed to the fermentation tank 4 one after another.

In such a garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus, the fermentation treatment tank 4 is arranged outdoors, and the garbage crushing means 1, the squeeze pump 2 and the display unit 50 are arranged indoors.

Here, the garbage crushing means 1 of the garbage crushing and fermenting apparatus will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 2, a movable blade 5 is rotatably attached to the garbage crushing means 1 by a motor 6 for crushing the garbage introduced from the upper inlet and converting the garbage into a highly viscous garbage crushed material. ing. In the case shown in the figure, the movable blades 5 are provided in two stages at two positions in the longitudinal direction of the shaft of the motor 6, and each has four blades. The motor 6 is controlled by the control unit 30 as described later. At a position facing the movable blade 5 on the wall surface of the crushing chamber of the garbage crushing means 1, a fixed blade 7 composed of a projection is provided. The fixed blade 7 is formed in an isosceles triangular cross section so that the cooperation with the movable blade 5 is not lost even if the movable blade 5 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise.

With such a structure, as a first step, the movable blade 5 is jogged by intermittently energizing the motor 6, and vibrations are given to the garbage that has been input, and the vibration is applied between the fixed blade 7 and the movable blade 5. And coarsely crushed at the same time. Next, as a second step, the energization of the motor 6 is made continuous, so that the garbage is crushed by the movable blade 5 and the fixed blade 7 and crushed into fine particles.

A water inlet 8 for feeding tap water into the crushing chamber is formed facing the crushing chamber in which the garbage is crushed. The tap water injected from the water inlet 8 and added to the garbage facilitates the pulverization and adjusts the viscosity. In addition, on the path of tap water reaching the water inlet 8, a solenoid valve 9 for adjusting the amount of water and a constant flow valve 10 for keeping the amount of injected water constant without being affected by water pressure fluctuation are installed. . In addition, a garbage discharge port 11 for sending the pulverized high-viscosity garbage to the transport path 3 is attached to the bottom of the crushing chamber by opening.

Thus, the illustrated garbage crushing means 1
Is to intermittently energize the motor 6 to move the movable blade 5 to oscillate the garbage to cause it to fall to the bottom and to include a small amount of water to make a high-viscosity crushed garbage. And such a garbage crushing means 1 is garbage 1k at a time.
It has a crushing capacity enough to process g, and is suitable for household garbage disposal.

Next, FIGS. 1, 3 (a) and 3 (b) and FIG.
The fermentation treatment tank 4 in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

In the treatment tank 20 provided in the fermentation treatment tank 4, garbage is mixed with the high-viscosity garbage crushed material sent from the transport path 3 and decomposes the garbage crushed by the fermentation treatment. The moisture adjusting material 13 is loaded. As the garbage water conditioning material 13, in addition to the action of adjusting the water content in the crushed garbage, sawdust having an action of a microbial carrier that inhabits microorganisms for fermentation represented by aerobic thermophilic bacteria and the like. And wood chips are suitable.

In the treatment tank 20, the garbage water conditioning material 13 is provided.
The stirring blade 14 is provided to stir the garbage and the conveyed garbage into a uniform state. Stirring blade 1
Reference numeral 4 denotes a rotatable shaft rotatably supported by the fermentation treatment tank 4. The stirring blade 14 is provided with a plurality of blades standing from a rotation shaft, and the tip of the blade is rounded for danger prevention. A sprocket 12a is attached to one end of the rotation shaft of the stirring blade 14. A chain 12b to which the rotational force of the stirring motor 15 is transmitted extends over the sprocket 12a. This allows
The stirring blade 14 is rotated with the rotation of the sprocket 12a.

The stirring motor 15 is provided with a stirring motor rotation number detecting means 56. The stirring motor rotation number detecting means 56 is fixed to the rotation shaft of the stirring motor 15 and includes a rotation detecting plate having a radial slit and a photo interrupter fixed so as to sandwich the rotation detecting plate. Then, according to the stirring motor rotation speed detecting means 56, the rotation speed of the stirring motor 15 is measured in detail.

At the bottom of the processing tank 20, for example, a heating means 16 which is an electric heating surface heater in which electric heating wires are uniformly distributed is provided. On the inner wall at the bottom of the processing tank 20, a water content sensor (water content detecting means) 51 for measuring the water content in the processing tank 20 is provided. And heating means 16
Is suitable for the aerobic thermophilic microorganisms inhabiting the temperature inside the processing tank 20 in accordance with the temperature in the tank calculated by the water content sensor 51 and the water content calculated by the control means 30 described later from the temperature change. When the water content is temporarily increased due to the high-viscosity garbage crushed from the garbage crushing means 1 or when washing water flows in, the water is evaporated and the internal To a state suitable for fermentation.

An exhaust fan 17 is attached to the upper part of the processing tank 20. The exhaust air is exhausted to exchange fresh air with a mixture of a high-viscosity garbage crushed material and a garbage moisture adjusting material 13. To keep the inside of the processing tank 20 under aerobic conditions.

In order to exhaust gas such as air containing odor, water vapor, and carbon dioxide from the exhaust fan 17 to the sewer pipe 18b, the attachment port of the exhaust fan 17 and the sewer pipe 18b are communicated by the exhaust passage 18. Further, a check valve 19 for preventing odor from flowing back into the treatment tank 20 when a high positive pressure is applied to the inside of the drain pipe 18b is provided near the drain pipe 18b of the exhaust path 18.

On the bottom surface of the processing tank 20, there is formed a garbage moisture adjusting material take-out port 53 for removing the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 whose life has expired from the processing tank 20, and furthermore, this garbage moisture adjusting section is provided. An opening / closing lid 54 for opening and closing the material outlet 53 is attached. Then, when replacing the garbage water conditioning material 13 whose life has expired, the opening / closing lid 54 is slid laterally and removed, and the garbage water conditioning material outlet 53 is opened to open the garbage water conditioning material 13. Is to fall.

Such a fermentation treatment tank 4 is suitable for household garbage disposal capable of performing a fermentation treatment of 1 kg at a time.

Next, the fermentation decomposition of the crushed garbage in the fermentation tank 4 will be described. The high-viscosity garbage crushed material mixed with the garbage water conditioning material 13 in the treatment tank 20 is quickly spilled by microorganisms such as aerobic thermophilic bacteria, mainly Bacillus, that inhabit the garbage water conditioning material 13. Decomposes into water, carbon dioxide, ammonia, other inorganic substances, and hardly decomposable organic residues. Then, the generated gas component is exhausted by the exhaust fan 17 and discharged to the sewer through the exhaust path 18 in order to prevent the odor from spreading. As a result, compost, which is an organic residue stabilized by decomposition, is generated in the fermentation treatment tank 4.

Microorganisms such as aerobic thermophilic bacteria mainly belonging to the genus Bacillus inhabit the garbage water conditioning material 13, but the genus Bacillus, a representative of the aerobic thermophilic bacteria, is commonly used in soil. It is a very common bacterium present in the soil, and greatly contributes to the decomposition activity in the early stage of compost fermentation.

The fermentation treatment tank 4 requires a water environment suitable for its inhabitation in principle, in that treatment using microorganisms such as Bacillus bacteria is required.
It is necessary to keep the moisture content of the mixture including 3 in the range of 50% to 60%. If the water content is below this range, the water required for the biological activity of the microorganisms will be insufficient, and the fermentation rate will be reduced. On the other hand, if the water content exceeds this range, oxygen to be supplied by stirring will be insufficient, and the inside of the tank will be anaerobic, and anaerobic microorganisms will propagate to generate strong odor.

The garbage water conditioning material 13 is used for a certain period of time.
Or, if a certain amount of garbage is treated, the life is exhausted.
This is finer particles by physical crushing by stirring,
This is due to deterioration of air permeability due to accumulation of hardly decomposable substances. The garbage water conditioning material 13 whose life has expired has a reduced ability to absorb the moisture of the high viscosity crushed garbage and buffer the water content in the treatment tank 20. Therefore, although the treatment cannot be continued, it is very unstable, and the inside of the treatment tank 20 is anaerobic with a slight increase in the amount of water. Such deterioration of the garbage water conditioning material 13 gradually progresses, and when it is assumed to be used in a general home, the period is about six months. Therefore, after a lapse of six months, the treatment tank 20
It is necessary to take out all the garbage water conditioning materials 13 inside and replace them with new ones. And this exchange work,
Performed by the user himself.

Next, the squeeze pump 2 which is a pressure feeding means for transferring the high-viscosity garbage crushed by the garbage crushing means 1 to the fermentation tank 4 will be described.

The squeeze pump 2 is also called a tube pump. In FIG. 5, a pump tube 40 bent in a substantially U-shape, a rotor 42 having a plurality of rotatable rollers 41 arranged on a circumference, and a rotor 42 A motor section 44 for rotating is provided. When the rotor 42 rotates and the roller 41 presses the arc-shaped pump tube 40 held in the case 43, the closed position of the pump tube 40 by the roller 41 moves in the transport direction,
The crushed garbage in the pump tube 40 is squeezed out toward the fermentation treatment tank 4. In the present invention, the pumping means does not necessarily need to be the squeeze pump 2, but the garbage crushed material is pressure-fed by moving while pressing and blocking the passage of the garbage crushed material. I just need.

Although the squeeze pump 2 is a positive displacement pump as described above, no valve mechanism is provided therein, and the squeeze pump 2 has a structure in which a plurality of rollers 41 press the pump tube 40 one after another to squeeze it out. Pumping with less pressure is possible. In addition, the squeeze pump 2 does not need any special operation for inhalation because of self-priming.

The high-viscosity garbage crushed by the garbage crushing means 1 is pressure-fed to the fermentation treatment tank 4 by such a squeeze pump 2 by overcoming the pipe resistance of the transport path 3 connected to the discharge side. Is done. Since the portion of the pump tube 40 through which the crushed refuse passes is separated from the rotor 42 as the drive-side member via the pump tube wall, the rotor 42 as the drive-side member is separated from the garbage refuse. Since there is no contact, the degree of freedom in design increases. Further, the discharge amount can be easily controlled by changing the number of rotations of the motor section 44, so that the pump tube 40
By replacing this even when is deteriorated, it is possible to easily return to the initial performance.

Incidentally, as other pumping means for realizing such a transport mode, a positive displacement pump such as a diaphragm pump, a plunger pump or a snake pump can be used. However, although they can produce high pressure, they have the disadvantage of large pulsation and vibration. In addition, the garbage crushing means 1 may be pressurized by an air pump or the like as a pressurizable container, or the fermentation treatment tank side may be depressurized by a vacuum pump or the like so that the garbage crushed material is conveyed by a pressure difference from a conveyance path. You may. These all have the same operation as the squeeze pump 2.

Next, the tube serving as the transport path 3 will be described. As the tube, a tube having an inner diameter of 10 mm is selected assuming a household garbage disposal apparatus for processing about 1 kg of garbage at a time. However, the inner diameter of the tube is suitably 5 mm or more as described later, and furthermore, 5 m
A range of m to 20 mm is desirable. The material of the tube may be a resin such as polytetrafluoroethylene or polyamide in addition to polyethylene. In each case, a similar effect can be obtained. When a tube serving as the transport path 3 is manufactured from these resins, flexibility is given and the surface roughness (ε / D) of the inner wall surface easily becomes smaller than 0.003.

Next, a control mechanism in the garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 6, the control mechanism of the garbage crushing and fermenting treatment apparatus has a control means 30 composed of a microcomputer, a memory and the like. Garbage crushing means 1
The squeeze pump 2 includes a crushing motor driving unit 31 that drives the motor unit 44 and a crushing motor driving unit 31 that drives the electromagnetic valve 9.
2 are provided. Further, the fermentation treatment tank 4 includes a stirring motor driving unit 33 that drives the stirring motor 15 and a stirring motor rotation speed detection unit 5 that detects the rotation speed of the stirring motor 15.
6, heating driving means 34 for driving the heating means 16, fan driving means 35 for driving the exhaust fan 17, and the processing tank 20
A moisture content sensor 51 for measuring the moisture content in the inside is provided. Then, the crushing motor driving means 31, the pressure feeding motor driving means 32, the stirring motor driving means 33, the heating driving means 3
4. The fan driving means 35 and the electromagnetic valve driving means 36 are controlled by a command from the control means 30. Further, the detection results by the water content sensor 51 and the stirring motor rotation number detecting means 56 are received by the control means 30. Further, the control means 30 has a timer 37 for measuring a predetermined time, and an alarm lamp (notification) for notifying that the garbage / moisture adjusting material 13 is forgotten to be put into the processing tank 20 by a procedure described later. Means) 52 are connected. The alarm lamp 52 is provided on the display unit 50. Here, as a notification means for notifying that the user has forgotten to put it in, other than the one that appeals to the sight as in the present embodiment, the one that appeals to the hearing such as a buzzer may be used.

A series of operations of the garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus having such a configuration will be described. First, when the user puts garbage into the garbage crushing means 1 and turns on the operation switch, the control means 30 operates the electromagnetic valve driving means 36 with reference to the time from the timer 37. Then, the solenoid valve 9 is set to the open position, and tap water is injected into the garbage crushing means 1 from the water inlet 9 in a predetermined amount, for example, 0.2 to 1.0 times the weight of the garbage. At the same time, the control means 30 drives the crushing motor driving means 31 to start the rotation of the movable blade 5,
Start crushing the garbage. Then, the pulverization is continued by the timer 37 for a predetermined time until the garbage becomes sufficiently fine.

When a certain time has elapsed after the commencement of the pulverization, the control means 30 drives the pressure-feeding motor drive means 32 and sends out the high-viscosity garbage crushed by the squeeze pump 2 to the transport path 3 which is a tube.

Simultaneously with the start of operation of the squeeze pump 2, the control means 30 operates the stirring motor driving means 33 to start the rotation of the stirring blades 14 of the fermentation treatment tank 4. As a result, the crushed garbage discharged by the squeeze pump 2 is sufficiently mixed with the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 loaded in the processing tank 20.

After a lapse of a predetermined time during which the garbage is completely crushed and transported, the control means 30 sets the garbage crushing means 1
The operation of the movable blade 5 and the squeeze pump 2 is temporarily stopped,
Subsequently, the cleaning operation starts.

Next, the cleaning operation of the garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described.

Many residues remain after the garbage is conveyed inside the garbage crushing means 1, inside the squeeze pump 2, and inside the transfer path 3 which is a tube. In particular, one of the garbage crushing means
Inside, considerable deposits remain due to scattering of crushed garbage. If this residue is left as it is, it is putrefied by the action of bacteria and becomes a source of offensive odor and sticks and deposits as scum, leading to deterioration of the environment and inoperability. Therefore, maintenance for cleaning such adhesion residues is required.

The control means 30 drives the solenoid valve driving means 36 to wash such residues, and once opens the water inlet 8 to set the space volume of the crushing section of the garbage crushing means 1 to 0.1.
A small amount of water of about 0.2 times is injected. Control means 3
0 activates the rotary blade 5 for a predetermined time at the same time as the injection of water. Thereby, the scattered crushed material is sufficiently washed away.

Subsequently, when the deposits are removed by the washing, the control means 30 operates the squeeze pump 2 to send the washing water to the transport path 3. Thus, the inside of the squeeze pump 2 and the inside of the transport path 3 are cleaned.

Next, the operation of the fermentation treatment tank 4 after the pulverized garbage is charged will be described. When the garbage crushed material is input, the control means 30 starts the rotation of the stirring motor 15 via the stirring motor driving means 33. This allows
The stirring motor 15 rotates the stirring blade 14 while rotating at a speed of about 3 to 30 rpm, so that the inputted high-viscosity garbage crushed material and the garbage water conditioning material 13 are mixed. When the garbage crushed material is charged, the garbage crushed material and the garbage water conditioning material 13 are stirred for a relatively long time.
Intermittent operation of one minute or several minutes per hour.

The control means 30 controls the heating means so that the inside of the treatment tank 20 becomes optimal conditions for the microbial activity while rotating the stirring motor 15 and simultaneously checking the temperature and the water content detected by the water content sensor 51. The heating temperature of 16 is controlled. Here, the water content is obtained by calculating an apparent specific heat by the control means 30 from a temperature change of the garbage water conditioning material 13. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the water content sensor 51 directly measures the temperature in the processing tank 20, and the water content is calculated from the temperature data. Further, the exhaust fan 14 is rotated by the control means 30, and oxygen is supplied to the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation process, thereby promoting the fermentation.

The water content is calculated periodically by the control means 30, and a water content adjustment operation is performed. Normally, it is sufficient to perform the water content calculation / adjustment operation once a day.

As described above, when the processing of the garbage pulverized material is continued, the garbage water conditioning material 13 deteriorates in about six months as described above and needs to be replaced. Therefore, next, a replacement procedure of the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 will be described. In addition, all the replacement work of the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 is performed by the user.

First, the front housing cover (not shown) of the fermentation treatment tank 4 is removed. Screws and limit switches (both not shown) are attached to the front case cover, so that the cover can be easily removed. The operation is detected by the control means 30.

When the front housing cover is removed, one end of the opening / closing lid 54 shown in FIG. 4 is exposed. Here, when the user grasps one end of the opening / closing lid 54 by hand and pulls out toward the user, the garbage / moisture adjusting material takeout opening 53 is opened. In this state, if you operate the garbage moisture adjustment material removal button (not shown),
The stirring blades 14 rotate, and the garbage water conditioning material 13 whose life has expired is taken out.

After all the garbage water conditioning material 13 has been taken out, the opening / closing lid 54 is returned to the original position again, and the garbage water conditioning material take-out port 53 is closed. Then, the replacement work is completed by inserting a new garbage moisture adjusting material 13 from above. The control means 30 detects the completion of the replacement work of the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 by a limit switch that is turned on by removing the front housing cover and turned off when the front housing cover is attached as before.

Thus, a new garbage water conditioning material 1
When 3 is introduced, the original function of the fermentation treatment tank 4 is exhibited, but sometimes the garbage water conditioning material 13 is forgotten to be inserted.

Next, a procedure for detecting when the garbage water adjusting material 13 is forgotten to be inserted will be described with reference to FIG.

In the present embodiment, the water content sensor 5
Forgetting to be inserted is detected by 1. That is, as described above, the moisture content sensor 51 estimates the apparent specific heat by measuring the temperature change of the garbage water content adjusting material 13, and the moisture content is calculated by the control means 30 from this.

The moisture content sensor 51 observes the apparent specific heat of the garbage moisture regulator 13 near the sensor, that is, the apparent specific heat of the mixture of the garbage moisture regulator 13 made of sawdust or wood chips and water. The control means 30 calculates the water content from this value. Now, assuming that the crushed garbage is supplied at a certain moisture content, the stirring blade 14
The pulverized garbage and the garbage water conditioning material 13 are sufficiently mixed by the action of. Here, since the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 is made of sawdust and wood chips, the specific heat is smaller than that of water. Therefore, as the amount of water near the water content sensor 51 increases, that is, as the amount of water per unit volume increases, the apparent specific heat near the water content sensor 51 increases. Therefore, the control means 30 calculates the water content of the garbage water content adjusting material 13 based on the result, and drives the heating means 16 and the exhaust fan 17 as appropriate so that the water content in the processing tank 20 becomes the optimum condition. Make adjustments to

In FIG. 7, when the life of the garbage water conditioner 13 has expired in the fermentation treatment tank 4 (step 1) in a steady operation, the garbage water conditioner 13 is replaced. When the replacement work is completed, this is detected by the control means 30 as described above (step 2). Next, the moisture content sensor 51 is controlled by the control means 30.
Is operated to detect the moisture content.

Here, the water content of the sawdust or the wood chips as the newly added garbage water conditioning material 13 is about 13%, so that the water content calculated from the value of the water content sensor 51 is equal to this value. When the water content is appropriate (step 3), the control means 30 determines that the replacement work of the garbage water conditioning material 13 has been completed normally, and performs an operation that can normally execute the garbage crushing, that is, a normal operation. The operation is performed (step 4).

However, if the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 is not inserted due to a user's mistake, the value of the water content calculated from the value of the water content sensor 51 becomes extremely low. This is because the basic principle of the moisture content measurement is calculated from the apparent specific heat near the moisture content sensor 51, as described above. That is, when the garbage water conditioning material 13 is not supplied, there is only air near the moisture content sensor 51, and the air has a lower specific heat than the garbage water conditioning material 13.

If it is determined that the water content is not within the proper range (step 3), in other words, if the control means 30 determines that the raw garbage water conditioning material 13 is not in the processing tank 20, Since it is not possible to shift to the regular operation, the operation of the garbage crushing means 1 is stopped (step 5). Further, an alarm lamp 52 provided in the display unit 50 installed indoors is turned on or blinks to warn the user of an abnormality (step 6), and prompts the user to insert the garbage moisture adjusting material 13. In addition, without providing the garbage crushing means 1,
When the fermentation treatment tank 4 is installed alone, the process immediately proceeds from step 3 to step 5. However, even when the garbage crushing means 1 is provided, it is possible to shift from step 3 to step 5 immediately.

The user can be notified of the abnormality by the alarm lamp 52, and can refrain from putting garbage. Further, even if the warning lamp 52 is not noticed, the garbage crushing means 1 is not operated by the control means 30 because all the operations of the garbage crushing means 1 are stopped.

When the user is informed by the warning lamp 52 that he / she has forgotten to insert the garbage moisture adjusting material 13, a new garbage moisture adjusting material 13 is put into the processing tank 20 and the replacement operation is completed. It is detected (step 7). Then, the water content is detected by the control means 30, and if the water content is within the appropriate range (step 8), the process proceeds to step 4 and returns to the normal operation. If it is not within the proper range (step 8), the operation returns to step 5 and the operation of the garbage crushing means 1 is stopped.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the presence or absence of the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 is detected from the value of the moisture content calculated by the control means 30. It is possible to automatically detect the misplacement and to notify the user of the misplacement.

By using such a fermentation treatment tank 4 in a garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus, a series of steps from crushing of garbage to fermentation can be stably executed.

Here, as means for detecting the presence or absence of the garbage water conditioning material 13, not only the water content in the processing tank 20 as described above but also the following means can be used. .

Hereinafter, another means for detecting the presence or absence of the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 will be described with reference to FIG.

Here, an alarm buzzer (not shown) is used in the display unit 50 installed indoors as a notification means for notifying the user of forgetting to insert the garbage water conditioning material 13 into the user. The memory in the control means 30 includes:
When the load is applied to the stirring blade 14, that is, when the raw garbage moisture adjusting material 13 is in the processing tank 20, and when the load is not applied to the stirring blade 14, that is, when the raw material The number of rotations when the dust moisture adjusting material 13 is not contained is stored in advance.

In such a fermentation treatment tank 4, the life of the garbage water conditioning material 13 has expired in the normal operation (step 11). 30 (step 12). Next, the stirring motor 15 is operated via the stirring motor driving means 33 to rotate the stirring blade 14.
Then, the rotation speed of the stirring motor 15 is detected by the stirring motor rotation number detecting means 56 (step 13).

Here, when the stirring blade 14 stirs the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 and when the stirring wing 14 idles due to forgetting to insert the garbage moisture adjusting material 13, the stirring motor 15 rotates. Since the load greatly differs, a difference occurs in the rotation speed of the stirring motor 15. Therefore,
The control means 30 compares the rotational speeds of the two cases of the stirring motors 15 stored in the memory in advance with the detected actual rotational speeds to determine whether or not the garbage water adjusting material 13 is present in the processing tank 20. Is determined. If the detected number of rotations of the stirring motor 15 is within the range where the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 is present in the processing tank 20, the control means 30 normally replaces the garbage moisture adjusting material 13. Is completed, and a steady operation is performed (step 14).

On the other hand, if the rotation speed of the stirring motor 15 is within the range where the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 is inside, the control means 30 determines that the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 is not in the processing tank 20. Then, the operation of the garbage crushing means 1 is stopped (step 15). Further, an alarm buzzer is activated to issue a warning to the user (step 16), and to prompt the user to insert the garbage moisture adjusting material 13.

The user can be notified of the abnormality by the alarm buzzer, and can refrain from putting garbage. Also,
Even if the sound of the alarm buzzer is not noticed, no operation of the garbage crushing means 1 is stopped by the control means 30, so that no garbage is crushed and conveyed.

When the replacement operation of the garbage water conditioning material 13 is completed, this is detected by the control means 30 (step 17), and the stirring means 15 is again controlled by the control means 30.
Is detected (step 18). If the number of rotations is within the appropriate range, the process proceeds to step S14 and returns to the normal operation. If it is not within the proper range, the process returns to step 15 and the operation of the garbage crushing means 1 is stopped.

As described above, the number of rotations of the stirring motor 15 is detected, and it is determined whether the number of rotations is with or without the garbage water adjusting material 13. The presence or absence of the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 can be detected.

In the present invention, when the presence or absence of the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 is detected from the water content in the treatment tank 20, the stirring motor rotation number detecting means 56 can be omitted. Further, in the case of detecting from the rotation speed of the stirring motor 15, the water content sensor 51 can be omitted. However, both may be used in combination to detect the presence or absence of the garbage water conditioning material 13 from two paths. When the detection is performed from two paths, the accuracy of the determination of forgetting to insert the garbage moisture adjusting material 13 is further improved.

In this embodiment, the processing tank 2
When the presence or absence of the garbage water conditioning material 13 is detected from the water content within 0, an alarm lamp 52 is provided as a notification means.
Although an alarm buzzer is used as the notification means when detecting from the number of rotations of 5, the notification means may be mutually reverse, or both may be used together. When used together, notification to the user can be performed more reliably.

In the present embodiment, the garbage crushing means 1 for crushing the garbage is provided at the front stage of the fermentation treatment tank 4 in order to reduce the garbage input operation and to increase the fermentation processing speed. Is provided with a squeeze pump 2 for transporting. However, the present invention can also be applied to a fermentation treatment apparatus that performs a fermentation treatment by directly putting garbage into the treatment tank 20.

[0088]

As described above, according to the fermentation treatment tank of the present invention, the presence or absence of the garbage moisture adjusting material is detected from the value of the water content in the treatment tank. Since the presence or absence of garbage moisture adjusting material is detected from the number of rotations, it is possible to automatically detect when the garbage moisture adjusting material is forgotten to be inserted and to notify the user if it has been forgotten to insert it. Is obtained.

By using at least one of an alarm lamp and an alarm buzzer as the notification means, it is possible to obtain an effective effect that the user can be more reliably notified of forgetting to insert the garbage moisture adjusting material.

By using such a fermentation treatment tank in a garbage pulverization / fermentation treatment apparatus, an effective effect that a series of steps from pulverization of garbage to fermentation treatment can be stably executed can be obtained.

When the garbage water adjusting material is forgotten to be put in, the operation of the garbage crushing means is stopped so that a high-viscosity garbage crushed material is introduced without the garbage water adjusting material. The moisture content in the inside becomes abnormally high, and an effective effect of preventing the inside of the tank from being anaerobic is obtained.

[0092] Then, an effective effect of obtaining a compact and easy-to-use garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing garbage crushing means in the garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus of FIG.

3A is a cross-sectional view of a fermentation treatment tank of the garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view showing the fermentation treatment tank at a cross section orthogonal to the cross section of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing a part of the fermentation treatment apparatus of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a squeeze pump in the garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a control system in the garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for detecting the presence or absence of a garbage moisture adjusting material in the fermentation treatment tank of FIG. 3;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing another example of a procedure for detecting the presence or absence of a garbage moisture adjusting material in the fermentation treatment tank of FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 garbage crushing means 2 squeeze pump (pressure feeding means) 3 transfer path 4 fermentation treatment tank 13 garbage moisture adjusting material 14 stirring blade 15 stirring motor 20 treatment tank 30 control means 51 water content sensor (water content detection means) 52 alarm lamp (Notification unit) 56 Stirring motor rotation speed detection unit

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A treatment tank into which garbage is charged, a garbage moisture adjusting material for adjusting the water content of the garbage, fermenting and decomposing the garbage to compost it, and A stirring blade for stirring and mixing the garbage and the garbage moisture adjusting material; a stirring motor for rotating the stirring blade; and a stirring motor provided in the processing tank to detect a water content in the processing tank. The moisture content detecting means, while the water content obtained by the moisture content detecting means is within the range of the moisture content of the raw garbage moisture adjusting material, the normal operation is shifted to the normal operation, and when the moisture content is out of the range, there is no garbage moisture adjusting material. And a control means for informing the user of the fact by a notification means. 2. A processing tank into which garbage is charged, a garbage water adjusting material for adjusting moisture in the garbage and fermenting and decomposing the garbage to compost the garbage; A stirring blade that is provided to stir and mix the garbage and the garbage water adjusting material; a stirring motor that rotates the stirring blade; a stirring motor rotation number detection unit that detects a rotation number of the stirring motor; When the rotation speed of the stirring motor obtained by the stirring motor rotation speed detecting means is within the range of the rotation speed when stirring the garbage moisture adjusting material, the operation is shifted to the steady operation, while when the rotation speed is out of the range, the production is stopped. A fermentation treatment tank comprising: control means for judging that there is no garbage moisture adjusting material and notifying the user of the fact by a notification means. 3. The fermentation treatment tank according to claim 1, wherein at least one of an alarm lamp and an alarm buzzer is used as said notification means. 4. A garbage crushing means for crushing garbage to make the garbage into a crushed garbage, the fermentation treatment tank according to claim 1, 2 or 3, and the garbage crushed by the garbage crushing means. A garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus, comprising: a pressure feeding means for sending crushed garbage to the fermentation treatment tank through a transport path. 5. The operation of the garbage crushing means is stopped by the control means when the control means determines that there is no garbage moisture adjusting material.
A garbage crushing and fermentation treatment apparatus according to the above.