JPH1157651A - Treatment of shredder dust and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve entanglement of a bird's nestlike block and a metallic piece of wire harness contained in dry-distilled solid matter of shredder dust to rightly separate and recover char, iron and copper. SOLUTION: Shredder dust 1 is dry-distilled in a pyrolysis furnace 2 and discharged dry-distilled solid matter 4 is crushed into dry-distilled solid matter 4a of small size in a crusher 17. The dry-distilled solid matter 4a is ground by a grinder 18 and wire harness is finely shred to pieces and also char 12 is recovered as fine powder. Metals 11 are sent to a magnetic classifier 13 to recover iron 14 and furthermore sent to an eddy-current classifier 15 to recover copper 16.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating shredder dust generated in the dismantling of a waste vehicle or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an example, a description will be given of a case of processing shredder dust generated when a car is dismantled. When a car to be discarded is dismantled and treated, a tire, a door, a bumper, a battery, Engines, seats, and other reusable items are removed in advance, and the rest is shredded and cut into small pieces. Conventionally, landfill disposal has been adopted as a method of treating shredder dust generated during such dismantling work.

However, landfill disposal has reached its limit, and a considerable amount of iron,
Copper is contained and not only needs to be recycled, but also plastics contained in shredder dust need to be effectively used as a heat source.

[0004] From this point of view, heretofore, the above shredder dust has been heated with hot air in a carbonization furnace to separate it into carbonized gas and carbonized solids (carbonized residues) to recover iron and the like from the carbonized solids. ing.

FIG. 5 shows an example of this. Shredder dust 1 is supplied to a carbonization furnace 2 where it is carbonized and separated into carbonized gas 3 and carbonized solid 4 to be taken out. After being sent to the combustion cracking furnace 5 and burned, the flue gas 6 is led to the heat exchanger 7, where the heat recovery circulating between the heat exchanger 7 and the carbonization furnace 2 is performed. The air in the line 8 is heated so as to be used as hot air to the carbonization furnace 2, and the combustion exhaust gas 6 discharged from the heat exchanger 7 is discharged to the atmosphere after being processed by the exhaust gas treatment device 9. It is.

On the other hand, the carbonized solids 4 discharged from the carbonization furnace 2 are a mixture of char and metals, and the char has a smaller specific gravity than metals. 11 and the char 12 are separated, and the metals 11 are led to a magnetic force sorting step II by a magnetic force sorter 13 to sort and recover the irons 14 from the metals 11, and further, the metals 11 are separated from the eddy current sorter 1. Eddy current selection process
In step III, copper 16 is sorted and recovered.

[0007]

However, the wire harness mainly contained in the shredder dust and mainly derived from the wiring is entangled during the carbonization process in the carbonization furnace 2 and has a bird's nest having a small specific gravity with respect to the apparent volume. This causes a problem that the transport line by the wind force of the char 12 of the wind separator 10 that separates the carbonized solids 4 by specific gravity is clogged. In addition, the wire harness clings to the iron pieces, thereby causing magnetic separation. The wire harness containing the copper 16 as a component together with the iron piece was removed by the machine 13,
There is also a problem that the sorting and collection of iron 14 are not performed correctly.

[0008] Therefore, the present invention provides a bird of a wire harness in a carbonized solid discharged from a carbonization furnace so that iron and copper can be correctly separated without obstructing the selection and recovery of char. It is intended to eliminate nest-like lump and entanglement between a wire harness and a metal piece.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method for subjecting shredder dust to dry distillation and subjecting the carbonized solid separated from the carbonized gas to crushing in a crushing step. Pulverized in the pulverizing step, then magnetically sort the pulverized solids, eddy current sorting, and separation in the carbonization furnace downstream of the carbonization furnace for carbonizing shredder dust. A crusher for crushing the carbonized solids discharged and discharged to a required size, and a crusher for crushing the carbonized solids crushed by the crusher, and further comprising a carbonized solid crushed by the crusher. The apparatus is provided with a separator for magnetically sorting objects and a separator for eddy current sorting.

[0010] Shredder dust is carbonized in a carbonization furnace, and the discharged carbonized solids are crushed in a crusher to a size suitable for the capacity of the crusher in the next step, and then crushed in a crusher. , The char is crushed and collected as fine powder in a crusher. Also, since the wire harness is finely sheared and broken apart, it is possible to eliminate bird nest-like clumps of the wire harness and clinging of the wire harness and the metal pieces.

Further, the shredder dust is crushed in a crushing step and then carbonized, and the carbonized solid separated from the carbonized gas in the carbonization is crushed in a pulverizing step, and then the crushed carbonized solid is removed. A method of magnetic force sorting, a method of eddy current sorting, and a crusher for crushing shredder dust to a required size is provided upstream of the carbonization furnace, and on the downstream side of the carbonization furnace, carbonized solids separated and discharged by the carbonization furnace. And a separator for magnetically sorting the carbonized solids pulverized by the pulverizer, and a selector for eddy current selection.

The shredder dust is crushed by a crusher to a size suitable for the capacity of a crusher used in a subsequent step, and thereafter, is subjected to carbonization in a carbonization furnace, and the discharged carbonized solid is crushed by a crusher. In the same manner as above, the char is crushed and collected as fine powder in a crusher,
Further, since the wire harness is finely sheared and broken apart, it is possible to eliminate the bird's nest-like lump of the wire harness and the sticking of the wire harness and the metal piece.

Further, in any of the above configurations, if a centrifugal roller mill type pulverizer is used as a pulverizer for pulverizing the carbonized solid and collecting the pulverized char, a large metal piece is caught in the pulverization section. Even if it gets in, the roller can escape, so the impact can be reduced, and in addition, the metal pieces are flat and the shape is aligned,
Sorting in the subsequent process becomes easy.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a method and an apparatus for treating shredder dust according to the present invention. In the next step, a carbonized solid 4 obtained by carbonizing shredder dust 1 in a carbonization furnace 2 is used. A crushing step IV for crushing the crusher 17 to a size suitable for the capacity of the crusher 18,
The crushing process V by the crusher 18 for crushing the small-sized carbonized solid 4a crushed in the crushing process IV and recovering the char 12 is incorporated before the magnetic separation process II, and the carbonized solid 4 is crushed. After crushing in the crushing step IV, crushing in the crushing step V and then in the magnetic separation step II
The iron 14 is sorted by 3 and the copper 16 is sorted by the eddy current sorter 15 in the eddy current sorting step III.

As an example of the crusher 17 used in the crushing step IV, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the two shafts 19 are alternately engaged with the blades 20 on the outer periphery of the shaft 19. The two shafts 19 are arranged in parallel in the case 21 so that the two shafts 19 are rotated in a direction in which each blade portion 20 bites. ing.

As the crusher 18 used in the crushing step V, a centrifugal roller mill crusher is used as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B. The centrifugal roller mill type pulverizer 18 a
a is received by the service tank 23 and supplied to the centrifugal roller mill main body 25 by the feeder 24 so as to be pulverized. The char is separated, and the char 12 transported by the air 27 is collected by the cyclone 30. On the other hand, the metals 11 separated in the centrifugal roller mill main body 25 are taken out from the bottom of the centrifugal roller mill main body 25. The details of the centrifugal roller mill body 25 are as shown in FIG. A roller 33 is rotatably attached to a lower end of a roller journal 32 suspended swingably at an end of an arm 31.
When 0 rotates, the roller journal 32 spreads outward due to centrifugal force, and the roller 33 is pressed against the inner surface of the fixing ring 34, and the roller 33 and the fixing ring 3 are pressed.
The dry distillation solids 4a are crushed between the four.

The treatment of the carbonized gas 3 separated in the carbonization furnace 2 is the same as that of the conventional system shown in FIG. 5, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 3A, reference numeral 35 denotes a bag filter, and reference numeral 36 denotes a vent fan, from which clean air is discharged to the atmosphere.

In the crushing step IV, the carbonized solids 4 separated by the carbonization treatment of the shredder dust 1 in the carbonization furnace 2 are crushed by a crusher 17 into a size suitable for a crusher 18 in the next step. V is pulverized by a pulverizer 18. The solidified solid 4 of the shredder dust 1 is in a state in which the wire and the metal piece are entangled in the char. The wire harness is crushed by the crushing treatment in the crushing step IV in the previous process, but the wire harness is completely crushed. Does not fall apart, and the entanglement between the wire harness and the metal piece remains. This is crushed by the crusher 18 in the crushing step V in the next step, so that the wire harness is finely sheared and disintegrated, thereby eliminating bird nest-like clumps of the wire harness and sticking to metal pieces. be able to. Therefore, iron can be correctly recovered by the magnetic force separator 13 in the downstream magnetic force separation step II, and copper 16 can be correctly recovered in the eddy current separator 15 in the eddy current separation step III. The above-mentioned pulverization process turns into fine powder, which can be collected in the cyclone of the pulverizer 18.

Furthermore, if a centrifugal roller mill type pulverizer 18a is used as the pulverizer 18,
The roller 33 can escape even when biting into the crushing portion between the fixing ring 34 and the fixing ring 34, so that the impact can be weakened. Also, the metal piece becomes flat in the crushing portion and the shape thereof is aligned, so that the metal piece in the subsequent process Magnetic force sorting and eddy current sorting of metals can be easily performed.

Next, FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the method and apparatus for treating shredder dust of the present invention. The shredder dust 1 is crushed into a size suitable for the capacity of a crusher 18 used in a subsequent process. A crushing step IV to be treated is provided on the upstream side of the carbonization furnace 2 so that the small-sized shredder dust 1a is subjected to carbonization in the carbonization furnace 2, and the small-sized carbonized solids 4a discharged from the carbonization furnace 2 are removed. In the crushing process V, the crushing process and the char 1
2 and then a magnetic separator 13 for recovering iron 14 and an eddy current separator 1 for recovering copper 16
5, and the processing is performed. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG. 1, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

According to this embodiment, the same effects as those of the above embodiment can be obtained.

The present invention is not limited only to the above embodiment, and the crusher 17 does not have to be the two-shaft type shown in FIG.
However, it is a matter of course that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, shredder dust or carbonized solids are crushed by a crusher either before or after carbonization in a carbonization furnace to reduce the size of carbonized solids. By crushing this with a crusher, the wire harness contained in the carbonized solids is finely sheared into a discrete state, so that the bird harness of the wire harness and clinging with metal pieces are eliminated The separation and collection of iron and copper in the magnetic separation machine and the eddy current separation machine, which are downstream processes, can be performed correctly, and the char becomes fine powder by the grinding process, and is collected in the cyclone of the grinding machine. It has an excellent effect that it can be done.

In addition, by using a centrifugal roller mill type pulverizer as a pulverizer, even if a large metal piece bites into the pulverizing portion of the centrifugal roller mill body, the roller can escape, so that the impact can be weakened. Since the metal pieces are flat and have a uniform shape, there is also an effect that sorting in a subsequent process can be easily performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing one embodiment of a method and an apparatus for treating shredder dust of the present invention.

FIG. 2 schematically shows an example of a crusher used in the present invention, wherein (a) is a partially cut front view, and (b) is a plan view.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a crusher used in the present invention.
(A) is an overall schematic view, and (B) is an enlarged sectional view of a centrifugal roller mill main body.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the method and the apparatus for treating shredder dust of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a conventional shredder dust treatment device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 II Magnetic force sorting process III Eddy current sorting process IV Crushing process V Crushing process 1 Shredder dust 1a Shredder dust 2 Drying furnace 4 Drying solids 4a Drying solids 11 Metals 12 Char 13 Magnetic force sorting machine 14 Iron 15 Eddy current sorting machine 16 Copper 17 crusher 18 crusher 18a centrifugal roller mill type crusher

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiharu Shitara 1st Shin-Nakahara-cho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside the Technical Research Institute, Kawashima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tatsuo Michiaki 1st Shin-Nakahara-cho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Stone Kawashima Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] Claims 1. A carbonized solid separated from carbonized gas by subjecting shredder dust to carbonization and crushing in a crushing step, crushing the crushed carbonized solid in a crushing step, and then performing the crushing. A method for treating shredder dust, which comprises subjecting the dried carbonized solid to magnetic separation and eddy current separation. 2. A shredder dust is crushed in a crushing step, subjected to a dry distillation treatment, and a dry distilled solid separated from a dry distillation gas in the dry distillation treatment is crushed in a crushing step. A method for treating shredder dust, comprising magnetically sorting and eddy current sorting. 3. A crusher downstream of a carbonization furnace for carbonizing shredder dust, which crushes carbonized solids separated and discharged in the carbonization furnace to a required size, and a carbonization crusher crushed by the crusher. A shredder comprising a pulverizer for sequentially pulverizing solids, and further comprising a separator for magnetically separating the carbonized solids pulverized by the pulverizer and a separator for eddy current selection. Dust treatment equipment. 4. A crusher for crushing shredder dust to a required size is provided upstream of the carbonization furnace, and crushing is performed on the downstream side of the carbonization furnace for crushing the carbonized solids separated and discharged in the carbonization furnace. An apparatus for treating shredder dust, comprising: a separator for magnetically sorting the carbonized solids pulverized by the pulverizer; and a separator for eddy current selection. 5. The shredder dust treatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a centrifugal roller mill type pulverizer is used as a pulverizer for pulverizing the carbonized solids.