JPH115398A - Curved surface transfer method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently manufacture a decorative material having a three- dimensionally uneven surface. SOLUTION: The curved surface transfer method is performed as follows: a transfer layer side of a transfer sheet S consisting of a supporting body Sa and a transfer layer Sb is disposed in opposition to an uneven surface side of a base material B for effecting a transfer on its uneven surface; solid particles P are caused to collide against the supporting body side of the transfer sheet, so that the sheet S is pressed against the material B under the collision pressure; after the layer Sb is adhered to the material B, the body Sa of the sheet S is peeled off so that the layer Sb is transferred to the uneven surface of the material B; as the transfer sheet S, a sheet forming fine irregularities at least in an area to be brought into contact with the uneven surface of the base material is used. Since the air A between the sheet S and the base material B escapes through the fine irregularities of the sheet S, the sheet S comes into close contact with the uneven surface of the material B so that transfer can be effected without fail.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a decorative board for exterior and interior materials of a house, furniture, home electric appliances and the like, and more particularly to a method of transferring a curved surface for manufacturing a decorative board having a decorative uneven surface. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, decorative boards having a decoration such as a picture on the surface of a base material by a direct printing method, a laminating method, a transferring method or the like have been used for various purposes. In this case, if the surface of the base material is flat, there is no problem since the pattern decoration can be easily performed, but the pattern decoration is applied to the uneven surface by a special device.

[0003] For example, a columnar shape such as a window frame or a surface border material, in which the base material decoration surface is two-dimensionally uneven (a shape having a curvature only in one direction (a direction perpendicular to the generating line or the height direction) like a cylinder) One of the curved surface decoration techniques applicable in the case of
No. 5895 has proposed this. That is, the technique of the publication is a surface decoration method by a laminating method, in which a front cover sheet coated with an adhesive is supplied on one side, and one base material is horizontally conveyed at a speed synchronized with the supply speed of the front cover sheet. While maintaining the state in which the ends of the facing sheet are not adhered by a large number of holding jigs, the adhesive-applied surface side of the facing sheet is pressed stepwise on the base material for each small area, and the facing sheet is placed on the base material. It is to be stuck on the surface by heating. This method is called a lapping method.

A curved surface decoration technique applicable to the case where the surface unevenness is a three-dimensional unevenness such as an embossed shape (ie, a shape having a curvature in two directions like a hemispherical surface) is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-139097. There is a proposal in the gazette. That is, the technique of the publication is a surface decoration method by a transfer method, in which a transfer sheet having a structure in which a thermoplastic resin film is used as a support of the transfer sheet, and a release layer, a pattern layer, and an adhesive layer are sequentially provided on the support. Is placed on a substrate having an uneven surface, and pressed from the back surface of the support with a heat roller made of rubber having a rubber hardness of 60 ° or less, and a pattern is transferred to obtain a decorative plate. Further, a foamed layer which foams by heat during transfer is provided between the support and the release layer, and the foaming is also utilized to follow the uneven surface of the substrate.

[0005]

However, of the conventional methods as described above, the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895 can only handle two-dimensional curved surfaces.
The technique proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-139097 can cope with a three-dimensional curved surface. However, in order to follow the surface unevenness by utilizing elastic deformation of a rotating heat roller by rubber, a shallow embossed shape is required. Is not applicable to large surface irregularities. In addition, the soft rubber roller is liable to be worn by the corners of the unevenness of the transfer substrate. Further, in a configuration in which a foam layer is provided on the transfer sheet, the transfer sheet becomes too complicated and expensive. In addition, there is a problem that the substrate is limited to a flat substrate as a whole.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a decorative material which can be transferred to a large three-dimensional uneven surface and has excellent surface decorativeness.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of transferring a curved surface which does not require a jig having a special shape and does not require replacement due to wear of parts such as a rubber roller.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a curved surface transfer method according to the present invention employs a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer on an uneven surface side of a transfer-receiving substrate having an uneven surface. The transfer layer side of the transfer sheet is opposed, solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the pressure of the transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred using the collision pressure. After being adhered to the material, the support of the transfer sheet was peeled off to transfer the transfer layer to the substrate to be transferred. As the transfer sheet, a sheet having fine irregularities formed at least in a region of the transfer layer surface which is in contact with the irregular surface of the substrate to be transferred is used.

[0008]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a curved surface transfer apparatus used in the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part of the apparatus.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, S is a long transfer sheet conveyed on a horizontal plane, B is a single-sheet substrate to be transferred,
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view on a YZ plane orthogonal to the transport direction (X-axis direction). Reference numeral 10 denotes a substrate transporting unit including an endless belt or a row of rotating rollers as shown, and the substrate B to be transferred is horizontally transported by the substrate transporting unit 10.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a shielding means as a measure for preventing the solid particles P (arrows indicate the traces thereof) from adhering to the side surface and the back surface of the transfer-receiving substrate, and is constituted by an endless belt in the illustrated example. The shielding unit 1 is located outside the two non-transferred side surfaces on both sides in the transport direction of the flat substrate B to be transferred, and presses the transfer sheet S between the belt and the substrate transport unit 10. Then, by closing the gap between the transfer sheet S and the substrate to be transferred B outside the side surface of the substrate to be transferred B, the solid particles P are blocked from the side and back surfaces of the substrate to be transferred B. The shielding means 1 may be an endless belt as shown in FIG. 1 or a row of rotating rollers as shown in FIG. The shielding means 1 is rotated at a peripheral speed synchronized with the transfer speed of the transfer sheet S and the transfer base material B. As a means for driving the base material transporting means 10 and the shielding means 1, a known method using a power source such as an electric motor may be used.

Then, the transfer sheet S is pressed by the shielding means 1 against the base material conveying means 10 to close the gap therebetween, and then the solid is ejected from the ejector 2 toward the transfer sheet S on the base material B to be transferred. The particles P are ejected and collide, and the collision pressure is applied to the transfer sheet S. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the portion of the transfer sheet S located outside the side end portion of the base material B to be transferred is pressed by the base material transporting device 10 by the shielding means 1. The gap with B is sealed to prevent solid particles from entering there. The chamber 3 covers the entire space where the solid particles are ejected and collide so that the solid particles do not fly into the surrounding working atmosphere. Some of the solid particles that have collided with the transfer sheet S fall under their own weight from both ends of the transfer sheet S and fall below the chamber, and the rest of the solid particles are conveyed.
It is collected on the downstream side on top.

By the way, in the case of an ejector, particularly an ejector using an impeller, it is difficult in principle to make the ejection direction completely uniform in one direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, in the case of the ejector 2 in which the impeller rotation shaft is arranged in parallel to the transfer sheet conveying direction, the ejecting direction of the solid particles spreads in the transfer sheet width direction. The solid particles are flowed into the surrounding airflow, and are reflected by colliding with the chamber or other device members, and a part of the solid particles are also transferred to the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet or the side surface, the front surface, or the back surface of the substrate to be transferred. Collide with them behind. Then, when the adhesive is protruded and exposed there and is in the active state, the solid particles remain attached. This also leads to the consumption of solid particles. In addition, when solid particles enter between the transfer layer and the substrate to be transferred, the adhesion between the transfer layer and the substrate to be transferred is hindered, and the transfer layer comes off.

In the case where the solid particles are spread in the direction of ejecting the solid particles from the ejector and the solid particles are scattered to a portion other than the transfer sheet, the shielding means of the present invention employs the shielding means of the present invention. Effective for preventing adhesion. That is, the transfer sheet S is made wider than the base material B to be transferred, and the transfer sheet is pressed against the base material transporting means by the shielding means so that the solid particles collide in a state in which the gap between them is sealed. It does not adhere to the side and back sides where the material is not transferred.

The installation length of the shielding means 1 in the transfer sheet transport direction is made to correspond at least to an area where the ejector is located. The lengths extending upstream and downstream of the ejector in the transport direction are determined by the spread of the solid particle ejection direction in those directions. Further, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving substrate are conveyed on a horizontal plane, but may be conveyed on an inclined surface. As the transfer sheet S, use is made of one in which fine irregularities are formed in at least a region of the transfer layer that comes into contact with the irregular surface of the transfer substrate, as described later.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail.

[Substrate to be Transferred] The substrate to be used in the present invention may of course have a flat surface to be transferred. In particular, the substrate to be transferred has three-dimensional irregularities. A conventional pressing jig (see JP-B-61-5895 described above) and a transfer roller made of rubber (see JP-A-5-139097 described above) essentially have the directionality of the rotating shaft. , The applicable surface irregularities are limited. That is, the former is limited to two-dimensional irregularities having a curvature only in one axial direction, and the latter is capable of transferring to three-dimensional irregularities having a curvature in two axial directions, but the three-dimensional shape can be changed in any direction. Cannot be applied homogeneously. For example, unless the longitudinal direction of the wood grain conduit pattern is parallel to the feed direction of the transfer sheet, it cannot be successfully transferred to the concave portion of the conduit. Moreover, in the latter case, the shape of the base material is practically limited to a flat plate shape, and otherwise, it is impossible unless a transfer roller having a special shape tailored to each base material shape is used.

However, in the present invention, as described later, since the collision pressure of a group of solid particles that behave fluidly is used, the planar direction of the pressure application region is essentially required for the three-dimensional shape of the surface irregularities. Do not have. (This directionality is the direction of the temporal position change of a point on the transfer-receiving substrate to which pressure is applied.) Therefore, a shape having irregularities in the transfer direction of the transfer sheet or the transfer-receiving substrate is considered. The substrate to be transferred may be used. In other words, it means that the present invention can be applied to two-dimensional unevenness having unevenness only in one direction such as only the feed direction or width direction, and three-dimensional unevenness having unevenness in two directions such as both the feed direction and the width direction. In addition, the point that the collision pressure of the solid particle group does not have directionality is that the ejector that ejects the solid particles is placed so that the single sheet transfer sheet is placed on the substrate to be transferred and pressed and adhered one by one. This can be easily understood by considering how the area to which the collision pressure is applied moves by moving or transferring the transfer sheet and the base material to be transferred while fixing the ejector.

The substrate to be transferred is not limited to a flat plate material (having an envelope shape) as a whole, but may be a substrate having two-dimensional irregularities that are convex or concave in an arc shape and are curved in the feeding direction or width direction. Alternatively, the curved surface may have finer three-dimensional surface irregularities. In the present invention, whether to transfer the two-dimensional unevenness having a circular cross section or the like of the base material to be transferred, for example, in the width direction or in the feed direction is arbitrary in consideration of workability and the like. Can be.

It is also possible to use a substrate to be transferred having an irregular surface having fine irregularities superimposed on large irregularities, or a substrate having a surface to be transferred to the bottom or inner surface of the concave portion of the irregular surface. . The large irregularities and the fine irregularities are, for example, as shown in FIG.
1, 402 and fine irregularities 403 on the convex portions 402
The large uneven shape has a step of 1 to 10 m.
m, the width of the concave portion is 1 to 10 mm, and the width of the convex portion is 5 mm or more. The fine uneven shape is smaller than the large uneven shape in both the step and the width. Is about 0.1 to 5 mm, the width of the concave portion and the width of the convex portion are 0.1 mm or more, and is ２ of the width of the convex portion having a large irregular shape.
Less than about.

As a specific example of a concave-convex pattern of a decorative material which is composed of a combination of large and small irregularities and fine irregularities and has three-dimensional surface irregularities, for example, there are joints and grooves as large irregularities. It has a two-dimensional array pattern of tiles, bricks, stones, etc., and has fine irregularities on the spray painted surface such as stucco, lysine etc., unevenness of stone surface such as granite cleavage surface and travertine marble board Joints as patterns, stone-grained irregularities such as sand, or large irregularities
An uneven pattern having a siding pattern having a groove, a sashimi, a sane, etc., and a floating wood pattern having a conduit groove, a hairline, and the like as fine unevenness thereon.

Each of the surfaces constituting the uneven surface may be any one of a plane only, a curved surface only, and a combination of a plane and a curved surface. Therefore, the curved surface on the transfer-receiving substrate of the present invention also means an uneven surface having no curved surface composed of only a plurality of flat surfaces, such as a tooth profile of a clog. Further, the curvature referred to in the present invention is:
The case of an infinite curvature (curvature radius = 0) that is angular like a periphery of a side or a vertex of a cube is also included. In addition, in order to make the surface of the transfer-receiving substrate have desired irregularities, press working, embossing, extrusion, cutting, molding, or the like may be used.

The material of the substrate to be transferred is arbitrary.
If it is a board material, a non-porcelain ceramic board such as a calcium silicate board, an extruded cement board, an ALC (lightweight foamed concrete) board, a GRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) board, a wood veneer, a wood plywood, a particle board, or a wooden board Wood plates such as medium density fiberboard (MDF), metal plates such as iron, aluminum and copper, ceramics such as ceramics and glass,
A resin molded product such as polypropylene, ABS resin, and phenol resin may be used. When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid and solid particles are ejected together with the liquid as described later, those which are insoluble and non-absorbable in the liquid are preferable. For example, a metal plate, a resin molded product, ceramics such as ceramics and glass, and the like are used.

Further, an easy-adhesion primer for assisting the adhesion with the adhesive or a sealer for sealing and sealing fine irregularities and porosity of the surface is applied to the surface of the substrate to be transferred in advance. You may keep it. A resin such as an isocyanate, a two-part curable urethane resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, or a vinyl acetate resin is applied as an easy-adhesion primer or a sealer.

[Transfer Sheet] The transfer sheet is composed of a support and a transfer layer that transfers and transfers. The transfer layer comprises at least a decorative layer. Further, the adhesive may be formed on the transfer sheet as an adhesive layer that becomes a part of the transfer layer.
When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid and solid particles are ejected together with the liquid, a support or a transfer layer that is insoluble in the liquid is used. For example, when the liquid is water, it may be appropriately selected and used from the materials used as general transfer sheets, except for the water-soluble resin.

(Support) As a support for the transfer sheet,
If the substrate to be transferred is a two-dimensional uneven surface, paper having no stretchability (however, if the solid particle accelerating fluid is a liquid, select one that is insoluble in the liquid). In order to apply the present invention to a three-dimensional uneven surface that exhibits its true value, a stretchable support is used at least at the time of transfer. Due to the extensibility, the transfer sheet can adhere to and transfer to the inside of the concave portion on the surface of the substrate to be transferred when the collision pressure of the solid particles is applied. The stretchability of the entire transfer sheet is mainly governed by the stretchability of the support. Therefore, the support has
In addition to a conventionally known thermoplastic resin film, a rubber film that can be stretched even at room temperature can be used. In the case of a thermoplastic resin film, there is almost no stretchability when a transfer layer such as a decorative layer is formed, and at the time of transfer, sufficient stretchability is exhibited by heating, and after cooling, the deformed shape is maintained, and the shape is restored by elasticity. A transfer sheet that can be used in the present invention can be easily prepared as a transfer sheet that does not cause the problem, similarly to a conventionally known ordinary transfer sheet.

As a specific example of the support, a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, which has been widely used in the past, can exhibit necessary and sufficient stretchability by setting heating conditions, collision pressure conditions, and the like, depending on the surface unevenness. It is possible to perform a curved surface transfer, but it is possible to develop a stretch at low temperature and low pressure, for example, a copolymer polyester film such as polybutylene terephthalate or terephthalate isophthalate copolymer, a polypropylene film, a polyethylene film. Also, low-stretch or non-stretch films such as polyolefin films such as polymethylpentene films, polyvinyl chloride resin films and nylon films, and rubber (elastomer) films such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, urethane elastomer and olefin elastomer are preferable. Di body. The thickness of the support is usually 20 to 100 μm.

When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, it is possible to use a resin film which swells but is insoluble in the liquid that comes into contact with the liquid during transfer. An example of such a swellable and insoluble resin film is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
JP-A-150208, JP-B-61-3276, etc., are polyvinyl alcohol-based films having an average degree of polymerization of 300 to 3000 and a degree of saponification of 65 to 9
A film having a thickness of 7 mol% and a thickness of 20 to 100 μm is typical.

If necessary, the support may be provided with a release layer on the transfer layer side to improve the releasability from the transfer layer. The release layer is removed together with the support from the transfer layer when the support is released. As the release layer, for example, a simple substance such as a silicone resin, a melamine resin, a polyamide resin, a urethane resin, a polyolefin resin, a wax, or a mixture containing these is used.

Further, if an uneven pattern is provided on the support surface in contact with the transfer layer, the uneven pattern can be formed on the surface of the transfer layer after transfer. The uneven pattern is, for example,
There are hairline, line-shaped groove, uneven pattern of cleavage face of granite, wood grain conduit groove, wood grain ring pattern, cloth texture surface texture, skin squeezing, characters, geometric pattern and so on. The uneven pattern may be formed by embossing, sandblasting, or hairline processing the resin sheet of the support by hot pressing, or by using an ink (2) using a resin having releasability as a binder on the support. Liquid-cured urethane, silicone resin, melamine resin, polyfunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer or prepolymer that crosslinks with ultraviolet light or electron beam, etc. There is a method of providing a layer and forming a support having a shaping layer. The shaping layer has the function of the release layer.

(Transfer Layer) The transfer layer of the transfer sheet is composed of at least a decorative layer, and a release layer, an adhesive layer and the like may be a component of the transfer layer as appropriate. In the configuration having the adhesive layer, it is possible to omit applying the adhesive to one or both of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred at the time of transfer.

The decorative layer is formed by printing a pattern or the like with a conventionally known method such as gravure printing, silk screen printing, offset printing or the like, and a material such as aluminum, chromium, gold or silver by a known vapor deposition method or the like. A metal thin film layer or the like formed on the target or on the entire surface, which is used according to the application. As the pattern, according to the surface irregularities of the substrate to be transferred,
A wood pattern, a stone pattern, a cloth pattern, a tile pattern, a brick pattern, a leather pattern, a character, a geometric pattern, a solid pattern, and the like are used. The picture layer ink is composed of a vehicle such as a binder, a coloring agent such as a pigment or a dye, and various additives appropriately added thereto. A single material such as an acrylic resin, a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyester resin, a cellulosic resin, a polyurethane resin, a fluororesin, or the like, or a mixture containing these is used for the binder. As the pigment of the colorant, inorganic pigments such as titanium white, carbon black, red iron oxide, graphite, and ultramarine blue, and organic pigments such as aniline black, quinacridone, isoindolinone, and phthalocyanine blue are used.

The release layer is provided between the support or the release layer and the decorative layer to adjust the releasability between the decorative layer and to protect the surface of the decorative layer after transfer. This is the same as a conventionally known transfer sheet. The release layer is transferred to the transfer-receiving substrate together with the decorative layer during transfer, and covers the surface of the decorative layer.

(Small unevenness) FIG. 3 shows a state in which the decorative layer of the transfer sheet is transferred to the base material to be transferred. As shown in FIG. 3A, the transfer layer Sb side of the transfer sheet S is opposed to the uneven surface side of the transfer-receiving substrate B having the uneven surface, and the solid particles P collide with the support Sa side of the transfer sheet S. When the transfer sheet S is pressed against the uneven surface of the base material B by using the collision pressure, a gap may be formed between the base material B and the transfer sheet S due to the residual air A. . If there is residual air A in this manner, when the support Sa is peeled off, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), the transfer layer Sa comes off and drops off, resulting in poor transfer. Therefore, in the present invention, at the time of bringing the transfer sheet into close contact with the uneven surface of the transfer-receiving base material, in order to facilitate the escape of residual air between the uneven surface and the transfer sheet, at least the transfer-substrate uneven surface of the transfer layer surface is required. Fine irregularities are formed in the contact area. As for the shape of the fine unevenness, linear (one-dimensional) unevenness such as a hairline or a parallel line (a linear groove) has a certain effect, but is preferably a two-dimensional unevenness such as a satin finish or a grain. It is. Also, aperiodic ones are preferable to periodic ones. The depth of the fine irregularities is 10 to 1000 μm
And the width of the frontage are also selected from the range of about 10 to 1000 μm. Also, not all the irregularities need to be at the same depth and frontage, but may be distributed within a certain range. The fine irregularities may be formed only on the surface of the transfer layer Sb, or may be formed over the entire layer of the transfer sheet S including the transfer layer Sb and the support Sa (FIG. 5A). The object of the present invention can be attained if there are minute irregularities on at least the surface of the transfer substrate B of the transfer layer Sb.

The fine irregularities on the surface of the transfer layer are formed by pressing (pressing) the transfer sheet S with an inverted embossing plate 5 having a desired irregular pattern as shown in FIG. Pressing with the embossing plate 5 can be performed from the transfer layer Sb side or the support Sa side. The opposite side of the embossing plate 5 across the transfer sheet S is supported and pressed by an impression cylinder 6 made of a soft elastic material such as rubber. The embossing plate 5 and the impression cylinder 6 to be used may be a cylindrical one as shown in the figure or a flat one, and the setting of the embossing condition may be performed according to a known embossing method. Transfer layer Sb or support Sa
When is a thermoplastic resin, it is preferable that a heat source such as an infrared radiation heater 7 is installed as shown in the figure, and the transfer sheet S is heated and softened in advance and pressure-formed. The order relationship between the unevenness forming step and the transfer layer forming (printing etc.) step is as follows: first, the unevenness forming step is performed, and then the transfer layer forming step is performed.
First, a transfer layer forming step is performed, and then a concavo-convex forming step is performed. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 8 denotes a peeling roller.

FIG. 5 shows a transfer process using a transfer sheet having the above-mentioned fine irregularities. As shown in FIG. 5A, the transfer layer Sb side of the transfer sheet S is opposed to the uneven surface side of the transfer base material B, and the uneven surface of the transfer base material B using the collision pressure of the solid particles P. When the transfer sheet S is pressed against the transfer sheet S, the air between the transfer sheet S and the transfer-receiving substrate B escapes through the minute unevenness of the transfer sheet S (the arrow in FIG. 5A indicates the streamline of the escaped residual air A). 5B), as shown in FIG. 5 (B), the transfer sheet S is formed on the uneven surface of the transfer base material B without a gap caused by the residual air A between the transfer base material B and the transfer sheet S. In close contact. Even if the fine irregularities reach the support Sa, the fine irregularities are leveled so as to be in close contact with the surface of the substrate B to be transferred by pressing at the time of transfer or by pressing and heating. The adhesion of Sb is not defective or missing. Then, when the support Sa is peeled off, FIG.
As shown in (C), the transfer layer Sb remains on the concave and convex surface of the base material B to be transferred without slipping out, so that transfer failure does not occur.

(Drilling of Micro-Hole in Transfer Sheet) In addition to the above-described micro-asperity, the transfer sheet may be perforated with at least an aperture in an area in contact with the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred. By providing the micro holes in this way, the removal of residual air between the transfer sheet and the base material to be transferred becomes better. The fine holes penetrate the transfer sheet, and the diameter of the holes is 0.1 to 0.5.
mm and the surface density of the holes are preferably about 1 to 100 holes / cm ² . The drilling of such minute holes is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-242.
What is necessary is just to perform by the well-known means described in 24th publication etc.

[Adhesive] The adhesive is used as an adhesive layer constituting a transfer layer of a transfer sheet or an adhesive layer on a substrate to be transferred.
Apply by online coating or offline coating before or immediately before transfer. When applied to a substrate to be transferred, the adhesive layer of the transfer sheet transfer layer can be omitted. The adhesive to be used may be appropriately selected depending on the application, required physical properties, and the like. When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, an adhesive that is insoluble in the liquid is selected.

As the adhesive, for example, a heat-sensitive adhesive,
Moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesives, hot-melt adhesives, moisture-curable hot-melt adhesives, two-component curable adhesives, ionizing radiation-curable adhesives, water-based adhesives, or pressure-sensitive adhesives with adhesives Various adhesives can be used. When water is used for the solid particle accelerating fluid, a moisture-curable adhesive or an aqueous adhesive should be avoided.

As the heat-sensitive adhesive, any of a heat-sealing adhesive using a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting adhesive using a thermosetting resin can be used. However, from the point that bonding is completed in a short time, a heat-fusion type (heat-sensitive adhesive)
Is preferred. The adhesive may be diluted with a solvent or without a solvent, or may be a liquid or a solid at room temperature, and may be used as appropriate. In the case of an adhesive other than a pressure-sensitive adhesive exhibiting tackiness, a transfer layer can be formed with only a single adhesive layer. If a coloring agent such as a pigment is added to the adhesive layer, it can be said that the entire layer is a decorative layer composed of a solid ink layer. Examples of the heat-sensitive adhesive include polyvinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, thermoplastic urethane resin, polyamide resin obtained by condensation polymerization of dimer acid and ethylenediamine, and the like. A conventionally known adhesive can be used. As the thermosetting adhesive, a phenol resin, a urea resin, a diallyl phthalate resin, a thermosetting urethane resin, an epoxy resin, or the like can be used.

The moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is also a kind of heat-sensitive adhesive. The moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is
Since the curing reaction proceeds with the moisture in the air when left naturally, it is applied immediately before transfer from the viewpoint of work stability. Immediately after transfer, the moisture-curing heat-sensitive adhesive has the same adhesive strength as a normal heat-melting adhesive, but the cross-linking / curing reaction gradually proceeds with the moisture in the air when allowed to stand naturally. It is excellent in heat resistance without creep deformation and heat melting, and a large adhesive strength can be obtained. However, in order to promote the crosslinking and curing of the adhesive by moisture after the transfer is completed, the decorative board after the transfer is left to cure in air containing moisture. Preferable atmospheric conditions for curing are generally a relative humidity of 50% RH or more and a temperature of 10%.
° C or higher. When the temperature and the relative humidity are both higher, the curing is completed in a shorter time. The standard curing completion time is usually about 10 hours in an atmosphere of 20 ° C. and 60% RH.

The moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is a composition containing a prepolymer having an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal as an essential component. The prepolymer is usually a polyisocyanate prepolymer having one or more isocyanate groups at both molecular terminals, and is a solid thermoplastic resin at room temperature. Isocyanate groups react with each other due to moisture in the air to cause a chain extension reaction, and as a result, a reactant having a urea bond in a molecular chain is generated,
The urea bond further reacts with the isocyanate group at the molecular terminal to cause a biuret bond and branch to cause a crosslinking reaction.

The skeleton structure of the molecular chain of the prepolymer having an isocyanate group at the molecular terminal is arbitrary, and specific examples include a polyurethane skeleton having a urethane bond, a polyester skeleton having an ester bond, and a polybutazine skeleton. Adhesive properties can be adjusted by appropriately employing one or more of these skeletal structures. When a urethane bond is present in the molecular chain, the terminal isocyanate group also reacts with the urethane bond to generate an allophanate bond, which also causes a cross-linking reaction.

Specific examples of the polyisocyanate prepolymer include, for example, an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal obtained by reacting an excess of polyisocyanate with a polyol;
There is a urethane prepolymer having a polyurethane skeleton having a urethane bond in a molecular chain. Also, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 14287, a polyester skeleton and a polybutadiene skeleton obtained by adding and reacting a polyester polyol and a polyol having a polybutadiene skeleton in an arbitrary order to a polyisocyanate are bonded by a urethane bond. Crystalline urethane prepolymer having a modified structure and having an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal, or a molecule obtained by reacting a polycarbonate-based polyol with a polyisocyanate as disclosed in JP-A-2-305882. 2 in
Examples include a polycarbonate-based urethane prepolymer having two or more isocyanate groups and a polyester-based urethane prepolymer having two or more isocyanate groups in a molecule obtained by reacting a polyester-based polyol with a polyisocyanate.

As the moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive, other than the above-mentioned various polyisocyanate prepolymers,
In order to adjust various physical properties, various auxiliary materials such as a thermoplastic resin, a tackifier, a plasticizer, and a filler can be added to the above-mentioned essential reaction components, if necessary. As these auxiliary materials, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, low molecular weight polyethylene, modified polyolefin,
From thermoplastic resins such as atactic polypropylene, linear polyester, ethylene-ethyl acrylate (EAA), terpene-phenol resins, tackifiers such as rosin abietic acid ester, and fine powders such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silica, and alumina. (Extending pigments), coloring pigments, curing catalysts, moisture removers, storage stabilizers, anti-aging agents and the like.

The ionizing radiation-curable resin which can be used as the ionizing radiation-curable adhesive is a composition which can be cured by ionizing radiation. A prepolymer (including a so-called oligomer) having a group and / or a composition which is appropriately mixed with a monomer and curable by ionizing radiation is preferably used. These prepolymers or monomers are used alone or as a mixture of two or more.

The above-mentioned prepolymer or monomer specifically has a radical polymerizable unsaturated group such as a (meth) acryloyl group and a (meth) acryloyloxy group, a cationic polymerizable functional group such as an epoxy group in the molecule. Consisting of a compound having Further, a polyene / thiol prepolymer based on a combination of a polyene and a polythiol is also preferably used. In addition, for example, a (meth) acryloyl group means an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group.

Examples of the prepolymer having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group include polyester (meth) acrylate, urethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth)
Acrylate, melamine (meth) acrylate, triazine (meth) acrylate and the like can be used. A molecular weight of about 250 to 100,000 is usually used.

Examples of the monomer having a radically polymerizable unsaturated group include monofunctional monomers such as methyl (meth)
There are acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate and the like.
Also, as polyfunctional monomers, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylpropane tri (meth)
There are also acrylate, trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate and the like.

Examples of the prepolymer having a cationically polymerizable functional group include prepolymers of epoxy resins such as bisphenol type epoxy resins and novolak type epoxy compounds and vinyl ether resins such as fatty acid type vinyl ethers and aromatic vinyl ethers. .

Examples of the thiol include polythiols such as trimethylolpropane trithioglycolate and pentaerythritol tetrathioglycolate. Examples of the polyene include those obtained by adding allyl alcohol to both ends of a polyurethane made of a diol and a diisocyanate.

In the case of curing with ultraviolet light or visible light, a photopolymerization initiator is further added to the ionizing radiation-curable resin. In the case of a resin system having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group, acetophenones, benzophenones, thioxanthones, benzoin, benzoin methyl ethers can be used alone or in combination as a photopolymerization initiator. In the case of a resin system having a cationically polymerizable functional group, an aromatic diazonium salt, an aromatic sulfonium salt, an aromatic iodonium salt, a metallocene compound, a benzoinsulfonic acid ester, or the like is used alone or as a mixture as a photopolymerization initiator. be able to. In addition,
The addition amount of these photopolymerization initiators is about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the ionizing radiation-curable resin.

As the ionizing radiation, electromagnetic waves or charged particles having energy capable of crosslinking the molecules in the adhesive are used. Usually, ultraviolet rays or electron beams are used, but visible rays, X-rays, ion beams, or the like can also be used. As the ultraviolet light source, a light source such as an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, a carbon arc lamp, a black light, and a metal halide lamp is used. As a wavelength of the ultraviolet light, a wavelength range of 190 to 380 nm is usually mainly used. As the electron beam source, various electron beam accelerators such as Cockcroft-Walton type, Van degraft type, resonance transformer type, insulating core transformer type, or linear type, dynamitron type, high frequency type, etc.
One that irradiates electrons with energy of 1000 keV, preferably 100 to 300 keV is used.

If necessary, a thermoplastic resin such as a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, an acrylic resin, or a cellulose resin may be added to the ionizing radiation-curable resin. If used without adding a diluting solvent, it becomes a hot melt adhesive.

When an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive is used, an ionizing radiation irradiating device for irradiating an ultraviolet ray or an electron beam to a curved surface transfer device can be incorporated. The irradiation is performed during, after, or after and after the application of the collision pressure.

Further, various additives may be further added to the various resins used for the adhesive, if necessary. These additives include, for example, extenders (fillers) composed of fine powders such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silica, and alumina; In this case, the adhesive may be added to prevent the adhesive from flowing into the concave portion from the convex portion.).

To apply the adhesive to a sheet such as a transfer sheet or a substrate to be transferred, a solvent (or dispersion medium) such as water or an organic solvent is used.
In the form of a solution (or dispersion) dissolved (or dispersed) in
Alternatively, a hot-melt thermoplastic composition or a room-temperature liquid uncured resin is applied in the form of a solvent-free resin liquid. As a coating method,
What is necessary is just to apply by the solution coating by gravure roll coat etc. which is a conventionally well-known coating method, or the melt coating (melt coating) method by an applicator etc. When used without adding a diluting solvent, solvent drying is unnecessary. For example, heat-sensitive adhesives can be used as solventless hot-melt adhesives, respectively. In addition, an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive or the like can be applied without a solvent. When used as a hot-melt adhesive, there is no solvent, so solvent drying is unnecessary even immediately before transfer, and high-speed production is possible. The amount of the adhesive applied varies depending on the composition of the adhesive, the type of the substrate to be transferred, and the surface condition.
Usually, it is about 10 to ²⁰⁰ g / m ² (solid content).

In the case where the adhesive is used as a hot-melt adhesive, and when the transfer sheet is further modified to follow the irregular shape of the substrate to be transferred, the polypropylene is necessarily used as a support for the transfer sheet. It is necessary to select a material that exhibits thermoplasticity or rubber elasticity at room temperature or in a heated state, such as a thermoplastic resin sheet such as a system resin. However, from a different viewpoint, it is necessary to select a support having low heat resistance. Means that you don't get Therefore, when the adhesive is melt-coated to form a transfer sheet, when the adhesive layer is thickly applied, the support is softened by heat during the melt coating, and the adhesive is heated in an adhesive coating apparatus. The sheet may stick to the applicator roller and may be stretched, distorted, or entangled by dragging.

Therefore, in such a case, the adhesive is not directly melt-coated on the sheet, but the release sheet (separator) is used.
The transfer sheet may be formed by applying an adhesive via the transfer sheet. That is, after heat-melt coating the adhesive on the release sheet with heat resistance and release properties, the release sheet with the applied adhesive,
The sheet to be the transfer sheet was thermally laminated once with a nip roller or the like, and then only the release sheet was peeled off from the sheet with a peeling roller or the like, thereby reducing the heat damage to the sheet and forming the adhesive layer. It can be a transfer sheet. The release sheet does not need to be stretchable. A heat-resistant resin sheet such as a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate sheet, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, or polyimide, or paper is used as a base material. A conventionally known release sheet that has been release-treated by coating with methylpentene or the like can be used. The thickness of the release sheet is usually about 50 to 200 μm.

Note that a heat-sensitive adhesive was used as the adhesive,
The timing of heating to activate and heat-bond the adhesive may be before applying the collision pressure, during the application of the collision pressure, or before and during the application of the collision pressure. The heating of the adhesive is performed by heating the transfer sheet or the substrate to be transferred. The material to which the adhesive has been applied (the transfer sheet or the substrate to be transferred) may be heated, the material to which the adhesive is not applied may be heated, or both materials may be heated. Good. Also,
For the heating during the application of the collision pressure, heated solid particles or a fluid for accelerating the solid particles may be used as the heating fluid.

On the other hand, if the transfer sheet follows the surface shape of the substrate to be transferred and is formed and the adhesive is sufficiently activated, cooling of the adhesive may be promoted by cooling means such as cold air. Cold air is blown from the transfer sheet side or the transfer-receiving substrate side. In addition, cooling solid particles and cooling fluid can also be used as cooling means. The promotion of cooling also prevents the transfer sheet formed following the inside of the concave portion of the concave-convex surface of the transfer-receiving base material from returning when there is a restoring force after releasing the collision pressure.

[Solid Particles] Solid particles include non-metallic inorganic particles such as glass beads, ceramic beads, calcium carbonate beads, alumina beads, zirconia beads, corundum beads, and alundum beads.
Iron, carbon steel, iron alloys such as stainless steel, aluminum,
Aluminum alloys such as duralumin, titanium, metal particles such as metal beads such as zinc, or fluororesin beads,
Organic particles such as resin beads such as nylon beads, silicone resin beads, urethane resin beads, urea resin beads, phenol resin beads, and crosslinked rubber beads can be used. When water is used as the solid particle acceleration fluid,
As the solid particles, non-metals such as stainless beads, glass beads, ceramic beads, and resin beads that do not cause rust or corrosion by water are preferable. The shape is preferably a spherical shape, but other shapes such as a spheroid, a scale and the like may be used. The particle size of the solid particles is usually 10 to 1000 μm
It is about.

The solid particles can also serve as a heating means and a cooling means. When heated solid particles are used, the activation of the adhesive by heating and the promotion of the crosslinking and curing thereof, or the improvement of the stretchability by heating the transfer sheet can be performed together with the pressing of the transfer sheet. In this case, the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred may be heated to some extent by another heating method before the application of the collision pressure. Further, as the solid particles, for the purpose of promoting cooling after bonding, solid particles having a temperature lower than the temperature of the adhesive at the time of bonding can be used as the cooling solid particles. The solid particles may be used in combination with a part or all of the solid particles as heated solid particles or cooled solid particles, or after colliding heated solid particles with cooled solid particles.
In addition, the transfer sheet, the base material to be transferred, the adhesive, etc., which need to be heated by another heating method, are sufficiently heated, and the cooling solid particles are used for the formation, adhesion and cooling of the transfer sheet. It can be done at the same time.

In order to heat or cool the solid particles, when storing the solid particles in a tank such as a hopper,
Electric heater, heating steam,
What is necessary is just to perform by a heating means and a cooling means with a refrigerant | coolant etc. Also,
These means may be provided on the outer wall of the solid particle transport tube, and heating or cooling may be performed in the transport tube. Alternatively, when a fluid is used for accelerating the solid particles, the solid particles can be cooled or heated by heat conduction from the fluid using a cooled or heated fluid. In this case, by causing the fluid to collide with the transfer sheet, the fluid can be used as a heating or cooling unit together with the solid. Alternatively, when the fluid is a liquid and a tank for storing solid particles together with the liquid is used, the solid particles and the liquid may be cooled and heated during storage.

[Application of Impact Pressure by Solid Particles] In order to impinge the solid particles against the transfer sheet and apply the impact pressure to press the transfer sheet against the substrate to be transferred, the solid particles are ejected from the solid particle ejection means for ejecting the solid particles. The particles are ejected toward the transfer sheet to apply a collision pressure to the transfer sheet. As the solid particle ejecting means, for example, an ejector using a rotating impeller (see FIGS. 6 to 10) or an ejector using an ejection nozzle (see FIG. 11) is used as a particle accelerator. The ejector using the impeller accelerates and ejects solid particles by rotation of the impeller. An ejector using an ejection nozzle accelerates and conveys solid particles with a high-speed fluid flow of a fluid using a solid particle acceleration fluid, and ejects the solid particles together with the fluid. Sandblasting, shot blasting, shot peening and the like used in the blasting field can be used for the impeller and the blowing nozzle. For example, a centrifugal blast device is used for the impeller, and a pressurized or suction blast device, a wet blast device, or the like is used for the blowing nozzle. A centrifugal blast device accelerates and ejects solid particles by the rotational force of an impeller. The pressurized blast device ejects solid particles mixed with compressed air together with air. The suction-type blast device sucks solid particles into a negative pressure portion generated by a high-speed flow of compressed air, and ejects the solid particles together with the air. The wet blast device mixes and ejects solid particles with a liquid.

As the means for ejecting solid particles, a method of accelerating solid particles by using free fall due to gravity, a method of accelerating magnetic particles by a magnetic field, etc. may be employed other than the blowing nozzle and the impeller. Is also possible. In the case of an impeller, a solid particle ejecting unit using gravity and a magnetic field, the solid particles can be ejected toward the transfer sheet in a vacuum.

[Impeller] FIGS. 6 to 9 are explanatory views showing an example of an impeller which can be used as a particle accelerator of an ejector. This impeller corresponds to a centrifugal blast device used in the blasting field.

In the drawing, the impeller 812 includes a plurality of blades 8.
13 is fixed on both sides by two side plates 814, and the center of rotation is a hollow portion 815 without blades 813. Further, a direction controller 816 is provided inside the hollow portion 815. The direction controller 816 has a hollow cylindrical shape having an opening 817 that is partially open in the circumferential direction.
The rotation axis is the same as the rotation axis 12 and is rotatable independently of the impeller. The direction controller 816 fixes the opening 817 in a predetermined direction when used. Further, a hollow impeller 8 is provided inside the direction controller 816.
Another impeller having the same rotation axis as the twelve rotation axes is included as a sprayer 818 (see FIG. 8). Sprayer 818
Rotates with the outer impeller 812. A rotating shaft 819 is fixed to the center of rotation of the side plate 814. The rotating shaft 819 is rotatably supported by a bearing 820, and is driven and rotated by a rotating power source (not shown) such as an electric motor. The impeller 812 rotates. The rotation shaft 819 is
It does not penetrate between the two side plates 814 having the blades 813 therebetween, and forms a space without a shaft.

Then, the solid particles P
Is supplied from a hopper or the like through a transport pipe. Usually, the solid particles P are supplied from above (directly above or obliquely above) the impeller 812. The solid particles P supplied into the sprayer 818 scatter outside by the impeller of the sprayer 818. The scattered solid particles P are emitted only in the direction permitted by the opening 817 of the direction controller 816, and the blades 8 of the outer impeller 812 are discharged.
13 and the blade 813. And feather 8
13, is accelerated by the rotational force of the impeller 812, and is ejected from the impeller 812.

The ejection direction of the solid particles is shown in FIGS.
, But may be horizontal or obliquely downward (not shown). 9 (A) and 9 (B)
9A and 9B are conceptual diagrams of ejection direction control for adjusting the ejection direction of the solid particles P based on the setting of the direction of the opening 817 of the direction controller 816. Fixed in position). Note that the direction controller 816 can also adjust the ejection amount of the solid particles P by adjusting the size of the opening 817 in the circumferential direction and the width direction.

In FIG. 6, the rotating shaft 819 is configured so as to be located only outside the side plate 814 and not penetrating to the hollow portion 815. Penetrating to the hollow part 815,
It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the inside of the hollow cylindrical rotary shaft having an opening for passing through solid particles on the outer periphery is formed as a hollow portion (not shown).

The shape of the blade of the impeller is typically a rectangular flat plate (a rectangular parallelepiped) as shown in FIGS. 6 to 9. It is also possible to select according to the application and purpose. The number of blades is usually selected from the range of 2 to 10 blades. Then, by the combination of the shape of the impeller, the number of blades, the rotation speed, the mass and supply speed of the solid particles and the supply direction, the opening size and the direction of the direction controller, the ejection direction of the accelerated solid particles, Jet velocity, projection density,
Adjust the divergence angle etc.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing another example of the impeller. The impeller 812a of FIG.
3a has a structure in which both sides are fixed by two side plates 814a. The solid particles P are supplied from above (directly above or obliquely above) the impeller 812a. In addition, the side plate 814a also regulates the ejection direction in the width direction with respect to the rotation shaft 819a. The ejection direction of the solid particles P is horizontal in the figure, but may be vertically downward or obliquely downward. Then, depending on the combination of the shape of the impeller, the number of blades, the rotation speed, the mass of the solid particles, and the supply speed and the supply direction, the ejection direction of the accelerated solid particles, the ejection speed, the projection density, the ejection diffusion angle, etc. To adjust.

Further, the above-described impellers (812, 812a)
Etc.), if necessary, by opening only the ejection and extraction portion of the solid particles, and by providing an ejection guide (not shown) covering the periphery of the other impeller, the ejection direction of the solid particles can be aligned, The direction of ejecting solid particles can also be controlled. The shape of the opening of the ejection guide is, for example, a hollow cylindrical shape, a polygonal column shape, a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a fish tail shape, or the like. The ejection guide may have a single opening, or may have an interior partitioned into a honeycomb shape.

The dimensions of the impeller (812, 812a, etc.)
Usually, the diameter is about 5 to 60 cm, the width of the blade is about 5 to 20 cm, the length of the blade is about the diameter of the impeller, and the rotation speed of the impeller is about 500 to 5000 rpm. The ejection speed of solid particles is about 10 to 50 m / s, and the projection density is 10 to 15
It is about 0 kg / m ² .

The material of the blades of the impeller may be appropriately selected from ceramics, metals such as steel, high chromium cast steel, titanium, and titanium alloy, depending on the type of solid particles. Solid particles are accelerated by contact with the blades, so if metal beads or inorganic particles are used for the solid particles, the particles are hard, so the blades should be made of high-chromium cast steel or ceramic with good wear resistance. . When resin beads are used as the solid particles, steel may be used because they are softer than metal particles.

[Blowing Nozzle] FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of an example of a blowing device 840 using a blowing nozzle as a solid particle blowing means for blowing solid particles together with a fluid. Note that the ejector 840 shown in the figure is an example of an ejector that uses a gas as a solid particle accelerating fluid and mixes and ejects the gas and the solid particles when ejecting the solid particles. Spouter 840 in FIG.
A guide chamber 841 for mixing the solid particles P and the fluid F, an internal nozzle 842 for jetting the fluid F into the guide chamber 841,
It comprises a blowing nozzle 844 that blows out the solid particles P and the fluid F from the nozzle opening 843. When the fluid F sent from a compressor or a blower (not shown) through a pressurized tank (not shown) as appropriate is jetted from the internal nozzle 842 to the nozzle opening 843 of the blowing nozzle 844 through the induction chamber 841, At 841, a negative pressure is created by the action of the fluid flow flowing at a high speed, the solid particles are introduced into the fluid flow by the negative pressure and mixed, and the solid particles are accelerated and conveyed by the fluid flow. And is ejected together with the fluid flow.

It should be noted that the blowing nozzle includes a blowing nozzle using a liquid as a solid particle accelerating fluid. In the case of liquid, the fluid and solid particles are mixed and stored in a pressurized tank (not shown) by, for example, a pump (not shown, when the fluid is a liquid), and the mixed solution is discharged from the nozzle opening of the blowing nozzle. What gushes etc. is used.

The shape of the nozzle opening includes a hollow cylindrical shape, a polygonal column shape, a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a fish tail shape, and the like. The blowing nozzle may have a single opening, or may have an inside partitioned into a honeycomb shape. Fluid pressure is spraying pressure, usually 0.1-100 kg / cm
^{About 2} . The flow velocity of the fluid flow is usually 1 to 20 for the liquid flow.
m / sec, and about 5 to 80 m / sec for air flow.

The material of the ejector such as the induction chamber and the nozzle may be appropriately selected from ceramics, steel, titanium, titanium alloys and the like according to the type of solid particles and fluid. If the fluid is a liquid, select a material that does not cause rust, dissolution, corrosion, etc. For example, if the fluid is water, stainless steel, titanium,
Uses titanium alloy, synthetic resin, and ceramic. However,
If the surface is waterproofed, steel or the like may be used.

Since the solid particles pass along the inner wall of the ejector, when metal beads or inorganic particles are used for the solid particles, the particles are hard. Good. When resin beads are used as the solid particles, stainless steel may be used because they are softer than metal particles.

[Fluid] The fluid is used when the solid particles are accelerated and conveyed by the fluid flow and the solid particles are ejected together with the fluid from the solid particle ejecting means (eg, an ejection nozzle). The fluid is a solid particle acceleration fluid that accelerates the solid particles. Either a gas or a liquid can be used as the fluid, but usually a gas that is easy to handle is used. The gas is typically air, but may be carbon dioxide, nitrogen or the like. On the other hand, the liquid is not necessarily limited, but is nonflammable,
Water is one of the preferred materials because of its ease of drying, non-toxicity, low cost, and availability. In addition, nonflammable liquids such as chlorofluorocarbon, glycerin and silicone oil can be used. Liquids (as well as gases) can collide with the solid particles along with the transfer sheet. Naturally, liquid has a higher density than gas, so liquid is easier to accelerate when solid particles are accelerated by a fluid flow than gas, and when liquid collides with a transfer sheet, Even at a constant velocity collision, the collision pressure is higher than that of gas and a practical collision pressure can be obtained. (Since the density difference from the solid particles is small, it is easy to transport the solid particles.) Therefore, in the case of a liquid, besides the collision pressure of the solid particles, the collision pressure of the liquid can be used as the transfer pressure. A transfer pressure can be applied, and as a result, a large effect can be obtained by molding the transfer sheet by following the surface irregularities of the substrate to be transferred. Further, when a fluid is used as the heating or cooling means when the collision pressure is applied, the liquid has a higher specific heat than the gas, so that a greater heating or cooling effect can be obtained. Also, when the liquid is an electric conductor such as water, explosion-proof measures against electrostatic charging are easier than in the case of a gas.

[Impact Pressure Applied Form] A single ejector can be used depending on the area of the impact pressure application area. The region may have a desired shape. For example, a plurality of rows are arranged in a straight line in the width direction orthogonal to the feeding direction of the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving base material, and a wide and band-shaped collision region is formed in the width direction. Or,
Even if the ejectors 32 are arranged in a zigzag pattern as shown in FIG. 12A or the ejectors 32 are arranged in a line as shown in FIG. May be arranged so as to collide on the upstream side. In the arrangement shown in FIG. 12 (B), the pressing of the transfer sheet against the transfer target substrate by the collision pressure starts from the center in the width direction, and is gradually pressed toward both ends in the width direction. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the transfer sheet from adhering to the transfer-receiving substrate while air is held in the central portion in the width direction. When a plurality of the ejectors 32 are arranged in the width direction as shown in FIGS.
It is preferable that the pressurizing regions of the individual ejectors 32 partially overlap each other and are arranged so that pressurization can be performed without fail over the entire width. FIG. 12B shows an example of such an arrangement,
In the figure, a dotted line portion is a pressing area. In order to lengthen the time for applying the collision pressure, a multistage arrangement in which the ejectors are arranged in two or more rows in the feed direction of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred is preferable.

Further, it is not always necessary to make the collision pressures all uniform within the collision area. For example, FIG. 13 shows that the central portion in the width direction orthogonal to the transfer direction of the transfer sheet has the maximum collision pressure,
It is a graph which shows the example of a setting of the mountain-shaped pressure distribution which a collision pressure falls as it goes to both ends in the width direction. This setting is from high pressure (center in the figure) to low pressure (sides in the figure)
To help the pressing progress in a stepwise manner.
However, in the case of a pressure distribution as shown in FIG. 13, the impact pressure on the transfer-receiving substrate is such that the transfer onto the desired uneven surface can be completely performed, the transfer sheet is distorted due to excessive pressure, and the transfer-receiving substrate Adjust so that it all falls within the proper pressure range where deformation, breakage, etc. do not occur. In the curved surface transfer method using a rubber transfer roller, if the diameter of the center portion of the transfer roller is increased, the center portion can be strengthened in terms of pressure. Pressure is applied in contact and transfer sheet transfer cannot be made uniform. The collision pressure is adjusted by controlling the speed of the solid particles colliding from the ejector with the transfer sheet, the number of solid particles colliding per unit time, and the mass of one particle. Of these, to adjust the speed of solid particles, for example, in the case of an ejector using an impeller,
Adjust the number of revolutions of the impeller, the diameter of the impeller, and the like. In the case of an ejector using an ejection nozzle, the opening and closing amount of a valve, the size of the inner diameter of a pipe for conveying solid particles connected to the valve, the fluid pressure (fluid By controlling the velocity of the ejected solid particles and the flow of the fluid, the adjustment is performed by controlling the single particles or the mixture of the fluid and the solid particles.

[Method of Arranging Ejector for Transferring Substrate]
In the case of an ejector using an impeller, the ejection direction of solid particles does not spread in principle in a direction parallel to the impeller rotation axis.
It tends to spread in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis. On the other hand, in the case of the blowing nozzle, the spread of the ejected solid particles is smaller than that in the case of the ejector using the impeller, and even if it spreads, it is usually uniform and isotropic in any direction. The arrangement of the ejectors may be determined in consideration of such characteristics of the ejectors. However, when the size of the desired collision area cannot be obtained with one ejector, a plurality of ejectors may be used.

When a plurality of ejectors are arranged on the surface of the substrate to be transferred, each ejector is parallel to the substrate to be transferred, and the ejection direction of each ejector is the same as that of the substrate to be transferred. Basically, the arrangement is in the line direction. Such a parallel arrangement
This is because the solid particles are caused to collide perpendicularly to the envelope surface of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving substrate, and the collision pressure can be basically and effectively used to the maximum. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, if the envelope surface (the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the transport direction) of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving base material B is a cylindrical convex curved surface having a circular shape, the plurality of ejectors 32 may be used. And the direction of the ejector is set so that the direction of the ejector is close to the individual collision surface (tangential plane of the convex curved surface) which each ejector 32 mainly serves so that the solid particles collide almost perpendicularly. It is good to arrange in the normal direction of the envelope surface. As described above, the ejection device may be arranged so that the ejection direction of the ejection device is adjusted so that the solid particles collide as vertically as possible in accordance with the uneven shape of the target substrate to be transferred. However, the direction of the ejector need not necessarily be perpendicular to the side surface of the transfer sheet support.
Further, a large number of ejectors may be provided, and some ejectors may be stopped depending on the substrate to be transferred.

[One Form of Continuous Transfer Using Chamber] When solid particles are actually used, it is preferable that the solid particles are not scattered in the surrounding atmosphere and are circulated and reused. Therefore, next, as one embodiment of the present invention, a curved surface transfer apparatus that performs continuous transfer while preventing scattering of solid particles and circulating reuse by using a chamber will be described with reference to FIG.

The curved surface transfer apparatus shown in FIG. 15 is an apparatus that uses a long transfer sheet S to sequentially and successively transfer a decorative layer and the like onto a flat transfer substrate B having an uneven surface. The apparatus includes a substrate transport device 10 including a row of rotating rollers for transporting a substrate B to be transferred, a transfer sheet supply unit 20 for supplying a transfer sheet S, and solid particles P in a chamber 33.
Is ejected from an ejector 32 which is a solid particle ejecting means to collide with the support side of the transfer sheet S to sequentially apply an impact pressure,
Impact pressure applying unit 3 for pressing transfer sheet S against transfer-receiving substrate B
0, and the collision pressure applying unit 30 includes a pair of shielding means 1 formed of an endless belt on both sides in the width direction of the transfer sheet S below the jetting device 32 in the chamber 33. The position of the shielding means 1 in the substrate transport direction was on both sides of the collision pressure application area. The ejector 32 uses, for example, the above-described impeller. Of course, a blowing nozzle or the like may be used. The chamber 33 covers at least the opening of the transfer sheet S and the transfer substrate B exposed to the collision pressure, and at least the opening of the ejector 32, except for the entrance of the transfer sheet S and the entrance of the transfer substrate B,
The solid particles P are prevented from leaking into the external working atmosphere. For this reason, the pressure inside the chamber 33 is preferably made lower (negative pressure) than the outside.

In the curved surface transfer apparatus shown in FIG. 15, a drive roller array is used for the base material conveying means 10, but an endless track type conveyor belt or the like may of course be used.
However, if an endless belt is used and the endless belt is formed of a continuous body, that is, rubber, metal, or the like having no opening, even when solid particles blown up by the air flow are present, the solid particles are transferred to the base material by the endless belt. It is more preferable because it can be prevented from entering the transfer layer side. The substrate transporting means 10 transports the substrate B to be transferred to at least the position facing the jetting device 32. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 15, the substrate B is further transported to the peeling roller 60 thereafter. The transfer sheet supply means 20 includes a sheet sending device 21, a sheet supporting device 22, a sheet discharging device 23,
Other components include a guide roller 24 and the like. Seat support device 2
Numeral 2 is provided in the chamber 33 before the transfer sheet S faces the ejector 32, that is, before the shielding member 1 covers the side surface of the transfer-receiving base material B (FIG. 15A). It is shown in broken lines for clarity). Such a sheet support device 22 is appropriately used. The transfer sheet supply means 20 supplies the transfer sheet S to at least a position facing the ejector 32. In the apparatus shown in FIG.
After that, the sheet discharge device 2 passes through the peeling roller 60.
Conveyed to 3.

The collision pressure applying unit 30 stores a solid particle and supplies it to the ejector 32, a drain tube 34 which is a return path to the hopper of the solid particle after collision, and separates the solid particle from gas. A separation device 35, a vacuum pump 36 for sucking and exhausting a carrier gas of the collected solid particles, and the like are provided.

A curved surface transfer apparatus for carrying out the curved surface transfer method of the present invention is provided with at least a solid particle ejecting unit, a substrate conveying unit, a transfer sheet supplying unit, and a shielding unit. The apparatus further includes a transfer sheet S
The sheet heating device 40 for heating the substrate B is provided on the upstream side of the ejector 32 in the chamber 33, the substrate heating device 41 for heating the substrate B is provided on the upstream side outside the chamber 33, and the adhesive is attached to the substrate B. The substrate coating device 50 for appropriately performing the coating and the undercoating is provided on the upstream side of the substrate heating device 41, the peeling roller 60 is provided on the downstream side outside the chamber 33, and the downstream side of the chamber 33 is provided on the upstream side of the peeling roller 60. A cooling device 70 by air cooling is provided on the side.

First, in the curved transfer device shown in FIG. 15, the plate-shaped transfer base material B is transferred one by one by the base material transfer device 10, and the adhesive is applied to the entire surface or only the convex portions by the base material coating device 50. And apply to desired portions. If there is a solvent component in the adhesive, the substrate to be transferred B and the adhesive are heated by the next substrate heating device 41 and the evaporated components are evaporated and dried. In addition,
A plurality of the substrate coating devices 50 and the substrate heating devices 41 may be connected to each other, and the undercoating or the sealer coating before the undercoating may be performed simultaneously with the transfer before the adhesive is applied. And
After the transfer substrate B is heated by the heating device 41, it is transported and supplied into the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying unit 30.

The transfer sheet S is tensioned by a transfer sheet supply means 20 including a sheet delivery device 21, a sheet support device 22, a sheet discharge device 23, and the like, and is unwound from a supply roll set in the sheet delivery device 21. Through the guide roller 24, the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying unit 30
Get in. When an adhesive is applied to the transfer sheet S at the time of transfer, the adhesive is applied by an adhesive coating device (not shown) while the transfer sheet S is supplied from the sheet feeding device 21 to the collision pressure applying unit 30. If you need to coat and further dry the solvent,
After being dried by a drying device (not shown), it is supplied to the collision pressure applying unit.

Further, when the transfer sheet S enters the chamber 33, both ends in the width direction are sandwiched by the sheet support device 22 so that the surface on the transfer layer side is directed to the transferred base material B side. A slight space is opened above the transfer-receiving substrate B (in a state where nothing is performed without applying an impact pressure or the like), and the transfer is performed at a constant speed in parallel with the transfer-receiving substrate B, and ejected. Until it is opposed to the container 32, it is transported while maintaining a gap between the two. Seat support device 22
Is a transfer sheet S wider than the width of the base material B to be transferred.
And a belt that rotates in accordance with the transfer of the transfer sheet S while nipping both ends of the transfer sheet S. The transfer sheet S is heated and softened by the sheet heating device 40 such as heater heating, infrared heating, dielectric heating, induction heating, hot air heating, and the like while the transfer sheet S is being conveyed to the ejector 32 in the chamber 33, and the collision occurs. The film is easily stretched when pressure is applied. The sheet supporting device 22 prevents the transfer sheet S from being softened by heating and easily stretched, thereby preventing the transfer of the transfer sheet S from being hindered or distorting the pattern. At this time, whether the transfer sheet S is slightly separated or transferred in a contact state with respect to the transfer base material B depends on the shape of the surface irregularities of the transfer base material B, the preheating temperature of the transfer base material B, and the like. The heat transfer property of the transfer sheet S, the activation temperature of the adhesive, and the like are appropriately taken into consideration. In FIG. 15, since the sheet heating device 40 is provided in the chamber, in the case of hot air heating, it is better to reduce the air volume. This is because air is introduced into the chamber 33, which hinders maintenance of a negative pressure in the chamber 33 and agitates the solid particles P as described later. The transfer sheet S is also indirectly heated by the transfer base material B heated by the base material heating device 41 and supplied to the collision pressure applying unit 30. Heating by the sheet heating device 40 can be omitted when preheating of the transfer sheet S is unnecessary.

On the other hand, the solid particles P are supplied from the hopper 31 to the ejector 32 in the chamber 33, where they are accelerated by the impeller shown in FIGS. I do. At this time, the transfer sheet S wider than the transfer base material B is conveyed in a state where both sides of the transfer sheet S are pressed by the transfer target substrate B by the shielding means 1. Then, the transfer sheet S is exposed to the collision of the solid particles P ejected from the ejector 32. Solid particles P at the time of collision
Of the momentum per unit time is the collision pressure that presses the transfer sheet S against the base material B to be transferred. Here, since the envelope surface of the transfer base material B is substantially flat, the solid particles P are mainly made to collide with the support side of the transfer sheet S substantially vertically, and the transfer base material B and the transfer sheet S are conveyed. The entire width of the collision is defined as a collision area. Then, as the transfer base material B and the transfer sheet S are conveyed, the entire region in the longitudinal direction is sequentially exposed to the collision pressure. At this time, the transfer-receiving base material B is in a state in which two side surfaces parallel to the base material transport direction are covered by both side portions of the transfer sheet S, so that the solid particles P are prevented from contacting. Therefore, when the solid particles P that have collided with the transfer sheet S pass through both sides of the transfer sheet S and fall to the lower part of the chamber 33, the solid particles P are affected by airflow and reflection on the inner wall of the chamber 33. However, it does not come into contact with (collide with) the two side surfaces of the base material B to be transferred.

Then, the transfer sheet S is pressed against the substrate B to be transferred by the solid particle collision pressure, and the transfer sheet S is also extended and deformed into the concave portion of the concave and convex surface of the substrate B to be transferred.
The transfer layer is formed following the uneven surface shape of the base material B to be transferred, and the activated adhesive makes the transfer layer adhere to the base material B. The transfer-receiving substrate B to which the transfer sheet S adheres is cooled by cooling or the like before the collision pressure is released and before the transfer sheet S comes out of the chamber 33.

On the other hand, a part of the solid particles P after being subjected to the collision with the transfer sheet S passes through both sides of the transfer sheet S and falls to the lower part of the chamber 33, and the remaining part is transferred to the transfer sheet S. After being transported to the downstream side while being placed on the support, only the upper part of the substrate transfer device 10 enters the small chamber 71 divided into a separate chamber, where the transfer from the cooling device 70 including a cool air blower is performed. Cold air is blown onto the sheet S and the transfer base material B to blow down the solid particles P remaining on the transfer sheet S toward the drain tube 34, and at the same time, the transfer base material B and the transfer sheet S are transferred to the transfer sheet. S
Is cooled to a temperature at which it can be peeled off.

The solid particles P dropped on the lower part of the chamber 33
Gathers at the lower part of the chamber 33, from which the drain pipe 3
At 4, it is sucked and collected in the original hopper 31. Further, the air in the chamber 33 is also sucked together with the solid particles P by the drain pipe 34 for recovery and transfer of the solid particles P, and transferred to the solid particle P separation device 35. In the separation device 35, as shown in the drawing, the solid particles P conveyed by a gas flow are discharged into the device cavity in the horizontal direction, and the solid particles P having a high density with respect to the gas fall downward by their own weight, and the gas remains as it is. The remaining solid particles P which flow horizontally and are going to move with the airflow by the filter are filtered, and then discharged out of the system by the vacuum pump 36. In this way, the solid particles P are prevented from flowing out to the surroundings together with air from the entrance opening of the chamber 33 through which the transfer sheet S and the transfer-receiving substrate B enter and exit.

Further, the solid particles P are prevented from flowing out of the chamber 33 and the hopper 31 is
In order to prevent backflow to the chamber 33, the pressure inside the chamber 33 may be set lower than the outside pressure. The pressure of the chamber 33 is adjusted by adjusting the amount of gas discharged from the vacuum pump 36, the amount of gas flowing out of the chamber 33 due to the exhaust, etc. The amount of gas entering the chamber 33 together with the solid particles P (particularly, in the case of an ejector such as a blowing nozzle using gas as a solid particle accelerating fluid), and a blower (not shown) connected to the chamber 33 as appropriate This is done by adjusting the balance with the amount of gas to be put into the tank (especially, in the case of an ejector using an impeller).

Then, the transfer-receiving substrate B and the transfer sheet S which are in close contact with each other are cooled by the cooling device 7 on the downstream side outside the chamber 33.
0 and forced cooling by blowing cold air,
The support of the transfer sheet S is peeled off from the base material B to be transferred. As a result, a decorative material D in which a decorative layer or the like is transferred and formed as a transfer layer of the transfer sheet S on the uneven surface of the base material B to be transferred.
Is obtained. On the other hand, the support of the transfer sheet S after passing through the peeling roller 60 is taken up by the sheet discharge device 23 as a discharge roll.

[0099] When a blowing nozzle using a liquid as a solid particle accelerating fluid is used as the ejector, a dryer is provided upstream or downstream of the cooling device, or also as the cooling device itself, for example. The liquid is dried or blown off by blowing air at room temperature or hot air. When using an ionizing radiation-curable resin as an adhesive or the like to cure the resin, an ionizing radiation irradiating device such as a mercury lamp (ultraviolet light source) is provided between the ejector and the peeling roller to cure the resin.

[Method of heating adhesive or the like when using chamber]
As described above, as an embodiment of the present invention, an example in which solid particles collide in a chamber has been described. However, a heating method for activating an adhesive or improving transfer sheet stretchability when the chamber is used will be further described.

The heating means of the transfer sheet is optional, and when the transfer sheet is heated before the collision pressure is applied, for example, heater heating, infrared heating, dielectric heating, induction heating, hot air heating, or the like is used. The apparatus shown in FIG. 15 performs heating before applying the collision pressure so as to perform cooling immediately before the ejector 32 so as not to be cooled after heating.
3 is an example in which a sheet heating device 40 is provided in the apparatus 3. However, in the case where the heating is performed in the chamber 33 and hot air heating is used as the heating means (the same applies to the heating of the substrate to be transferred, which will be described later), it is better to reduce the blowing air volume. This is because air is to be introduced into the chamber 33, and the load on the vacuum pump for collecting solid particles is increased, including the case where air is used for accelerating solid particles.

The sheet is heated in the chamber 33 as shown in FIG.
If the elongation does not hinder the sheet conveyance, it may be performed outside the chamber 33 or both inside and outside the chamber 33. The heating may be performed from any of the back side, the front side, and the front and back sides of the transfer sheet S. Note that the sheet heating is preferably performed after the sheet supporting device 22 supports both ends in the width direction. Before that, the sheet is likely to extend in the feed direction or hang down, thereby hindering the transfer.

When a heated solid particle or a fluid for accelerating solid particles is used as the heating means during the application of the collision pressure, the heated fluid can also be used. Further, heating may be performed by dispersing in a gap between the ejectors and providing a heat source. Of course, the heating during and before the application of the collision pressure can be used together, or the heating during the application of the collision pressure alone may be performed.

If the substrate to be transferred is coated with an adhesive or a sealer, and the solvent is dried by heating with a substrate heating device or the like, the substrate to be transferred is heated and the heated substrate is heated. The transfer sheet can also be heated to some extent indirectly from the transfer substrate. Therefore, even if heating of the transfer sheet is necessary, if indirect heating from the substrate to be transferred or heating by the solid particles P or the solid particle accelerating fluid is sufficient, the sheet heating device dedicated to the transfer sheet is omitted. Can also.

Next, the substrate to be transferred may be heated before the collision pressure is applied, during the application of the collision pressure, or before and during the application of the collision pressure. In the case where the transfer sheet is heated to improve the stretchability by heating the transfer-receiving base material, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the heated transfer sheet from lowering. Further, the transfer sheet can be heated from the side of the substrate to be transferred. The substrate to be transferred may be heated outside or inside the chamber, or outside and inside. External and internal heating can be accomplished using long transport distances, even when sufficient preheating is required. If the internal volume of the chamber itself becomes large in order to provide a long substrate heating device inside the chamber, it is better to provide part or all of the substrate heating device outside the chamber and reduce the internal volume of the chamber. However, it is advantageous in terms of handling in consideration of scattering and recovery of solid particles.

The advantage of heating inside the chamber is that the substrate can be heated immediately before the application of the collision pressure or even during the application of the collision pressure. It is effective when trying. In addition, in the case of a substrate heating device that also has a role of evaporating a solvent or moisture in order to dry the coating and the adhesive by the substrate coating device disposed on the upstream side, it is preferable that the substrate heating device be disposed inside the chamber. Absent. A means for exhausting the evaporated solvent or moisture filled in the chamber is required, and in the case of a solvent, it is necessary to consider explosion-proof measures. It is preferable that the substrate heating device for such a purpose be disposed outside the chamber, or even if it is disposed inside, a substrate heating device (drying furnace) for evaporation is separately disposed outside. Of course, if the undercoating is performed on a separate line, it is not necessary to use the substrate heating device as a drying device.

As a means for heating the substrate to be transferred, induction heating or dielectric heating can be performed from the inside of the substrate. On the other hand, heater heating, infrared heating, and hot air heating are efficient from the uneven surface side. . The substrate to be transferred may also be heated from the back side. If the substrate to be transferred is heated to just before or during the application of the collision pressure after the substrate to be transferred is conveyed to the opening of the chamber, the heating from the back side of the substrate is also preferable from the viewpoint of the apparatus space. As for the heating during the application of the collision pressure, in addition to the heating on the upstream side of the collision pressure application unit, a heat source may be provided dispersedly in the gap between the ejectors (heating through the transfer sheet).

[Forced Cooling of Adhesive] In the case where the adhesive is of the heat-sealing type, if the adhesive is forcibly cooled after the transfer sheet is in close contact with the substrate to be transferred, the formed transfer sheet follows the inside of the concave portion. It promotes the fixation of the sheet, prevents the transfer sheet from returning to its original shape after the pressure is released when the transfer sheet has a restoring force, and allows the transfer sheet (support) to be separated and removed more quickly. In addition, transfer loss can be prevented and the production speed can be improved. For this purpose, during application of the collision pressure, the cooling solid particles are used without releasing the collision pressure, or when using the solid particle acceleration fluid, a cooling fluid is used. It is preferable to cool the adhesive layer using cooling means.
When the heat capacity of the transferred substrate is large, in addition to the cooling solid particles and the cooling fluid, the transferred substrate can be cooled from the back surface by spraying a low-temperature fluid and cooling the rollers and belt conveyor for transferring the substrate. . Alternatively, after the cooling in the chamber, the cooling may be performed by blowing cold air from the front or back, or the like, outside the chamber after cooling inside the chamber, or without cooling inside the chamber, only outside the chamber.

[Others] The curved surface transfer method and the apparatus used in the present invention have been described above. However, the apparatus used in the present invention is not limited to the above-described apparatus. For example, in addition to the endless belt (infinite track) illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shielding unit 1 may include a rotating roller array as illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 17. FIG. 16 is a plane orthogonal to the substrate transport direction (X-axis direction)
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along the Z plane, and FIG. 17 is a side view of FIG. (However, the bearings and drive mechanisms of the rollers constituting the shielding means 1 are not shown.) In the description of the apparatus in FIG. 15, the transfer sheet is pressed against the transfer base material by using a long strip-shaped transfer sheet and a sheet. In this method, a solid particle impingement pressure is continuously applied by a fixed ejector while using a leaf-transferring base material and transporting and moving them integrally. It may be supplied in the form.

The positional relationship between the ejection direction of the solid particles from the ejector and the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred is as follows: both are placed on a horizontal plane, and the solid particles are ejected vertically downward from above. It is not limited to. Even if the ejection direction maintains the vertical relationship with the transfer sheet support surface, the transfer sheet may be placed or conveyed on a slope (not shown) or in a vertical plane (FIG. 10B) in addition to the horizontal plane. is there. Further, even when the transfer sheet is in a horizontal plane, the solid particles may be ejected and collided from the bottom upward with the support being on the lower side. Of course, the solid particles may be ejected at an angle to the transfer sheet support surface.

Before the collision pressure is applied, the transfer sheet may be preliminarily pressed against the base material by the elastic roller.

When the chamber is filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen and an ionizing radiation-curable resin (before curing) is used for the base coat layer of the transfer layer, oxygen, water vapor and the like in the air are used. May be prevented from inhibiting the curing of the resin.

[Cosmetic Materials] Cosmetic materials obtained by the present invention include exterior materials such as outer walls, fences, roofs, gates, and gable plates, architectural interior materials such as walls and ceilings, window frames, doors, handrails, sills, and Kamoi. Such as fittings,
It can be used in various fields such as a surface material of furniture such as a chest, a cabinet of light electric / OA equipment, or a vehicle interior material such as an automobile.

The surface of the decorative material after transfer may be further coated with a transparent protective layer. As such a transparent protective layer, one or two kinds of fluororesins such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride, acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, silicone resins, and urethane resins are used.
Seeds or the like as a binder, if necessary, benzotriazole, ultraviolet light absorbers such as ultrafine cerium oxide, light stabilizers such as hindered amine radical scavengers,
A paint to which a coloring pigment, an extender pigment, a lubricant, and the like are added is used.
Spray coating, flow coating, etc. are used for coating. The thickness of the transparent protective layer is about 1 to 100 μm.

[0115]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

First, the plan view of FIG.
A transfer-receiving substrate B having three-dimensional surface irregularities as shown in a perspective view of a main part of (B) was prepared. The transferred substrate B has large grooved concave portions 401 of joints having a depth of 1.2 mm and an opening width of 7 mm, and flat convex portions 402 having a brickwork pattern. At a depth of 0.1-0.
This is a 12 mm-thick calcium silicate plate that has three-dimensional surface irregularities that have pear-like fine irregularities 403 distributed in a range of 5 mm, and in which these large irregularities and fine irregularities overlap. Then, undercoating and undercoating were performed off-line on the uneven surface by another device.

The transfer sheet has a thickness of 100 μm on the support.
m, using a polypropylene-based thermoplastic elastomer film, on one side of which a gravure printing of a brick-like pattern having cement joints aligned with the uneven surface shape of the transferred substrate B as a decorative layer serving as a transfer layer was sequentially performed. After that, one having fine irregularities was prepared. As the binder resin of the picture ink, a mixture of an acrylic resin and a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer in a ratio of 8: 2 (weight ratio) is used. As the coloring pigment, red-bodied pattern, isoindolinone, carbon black, Titanium white was used. Further, on the surface of the decoration layer, the transfer sheet was heated and softened with an infrared radiation heater by the apparatus shown in FIG.
Fine irregularities of a grain pattern having a center line average roughness Ra of −0601 were formed at 20 μm.

In this embodiment, an apparatus as shown in FIG. 15 was used, and a curved surface transfer apparatus using an impeller as shown in FIGS. Then, the transfer-receiving substrate B is placed and transported on the substrate transporting means 10 composed of a row of transporting rollers with the uneven surface thereof facing upward, and the substrate-based coating device 50 is used to transfer the polyamide-based resin. After melt-coating the solvent-free hot-melt type heat-sensitive adhesive of 30 g / m ² , the adhesive and the substrate B to be transferred are heated by the substrate heating device 41 and then supplied to the collision pressure applying unit 30. did. On the other hand, the transfer sheet S is transferred by the transfer sheet supply device 20 with its support side facing up.
Further, the joint was supplied to the collision pressure applying unit 30 such that the joint of the pattern and the joint-shaped groove-shaped recess of the transfer-receiving substrate B were aligned (registered). The transfer base material B is the impact pressure applying unit 3
When the transfer sheet S entered the chamber 33 of No. 0, the transfer sheet S was brought close to the base material B to be transferred. Then, both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet S were sandwiched between the front and back sides by a pair of endless belt-shaped sheet support devices 22. In this state, preheating of the transfer sheet S, activation of the adhesive, and heating of the base material B to be transferred were performed by the sheet heating device 40 using radiant heat from a heating wire heater from the support side of the transfer sheet S.

Next, the sheet supporting device 22 moves the transfer sheet S
On the downstream side where both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet are opened.
Are sandwiched between the shielding means 1 composed of a pair of endless belts installed along the transport direction on both sides of the transfer-receiving substrate B and the substrate transport means 10.
Then, the transfer sheet S is conveyed to a position immediately below the ejector 32 in a state where the gap between the transfer apparatus S and the transfer sheet S is sealed. At this time, both side edges of the transfer sheet S are each 10 m outward from the shielding means 1.
m.

Next, the solid particles P have an average particle size of 0.4
mm spherical zinc spheres were ejected from the ejector 32 and collided with the support side of the transfer sheet S, so that the transfer sheet S was pressed against the base material B to be transferred. The rotation speed of the impeller of the ejector 32 is 36
At 00 rpm, the ejection speed of the solid particles was 35 m / s. Then, the transfer sheet S is extended into the concave portion of the joint and heat-fused. Immediately after the transfer sheet S comes out of the chamber 33, the sandwiching of the shielding means 1 is released, and the cooling device 70 blows cold air to the adhesive. After cooling to below the bonding temperature, the support of the transfer sheet S was peeled off by the peeling roller 60 to obtain a decorative material D. The resulting decorative material D had a pattern transferred thereon following the surface irregularities. Further, adhesion of the solid particles to the side surface portion of the transfer-receiving substrate B due to the back of the solid particles P and detachment of the transfer layer were not observed. Further, on the surface of the transfer layer of the decorative material D, an emulsion paint of polyvinylidene fluoride containing 2% by weight of a benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber is applied to a dry thickness of 10 μm to form a transparent protective layer. A layered cosmetic material was obtained.

[0121]

According to the present invention, a decorative material having a large three-dimensional uneven surface decorated can be easily obtained. Of course, two-dimensional irregularities such as a window frame and a sash are also possible, and in addition to a flat plate material, the shape of the entire surface (envelope shape) is a wavy shape like a tile, or a convex or concave curve. Even those having a shape can be easily obtained.

By using a transfer sheet having fine irregularities formed at least in the area of the transfer layer surface which is in contact with the irregular surface of the substrate to be transferred, transfer can be performed without causing transfer omission. it can. In addition, it is also possible to transfer on the convex portions of the large irregular surface and inside the concave portions (bottom portions and side surfaces that are the connecting portions between the convex portions and the bottom portion). Further, even when there is a finer uneven pattern (for example, a hairline, a satin finish, etc.) on the convex part of the large pattern unevenness, it is possible to decorate the concave part of the fine unevenness by transfer. As a result, a decorative material with extremely excellent design properties can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a curved transfer device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part of the curved transfer device.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a decorative layer of a transfer sheet in which fine irregularities are not formed on a substrate to be transferred is transferred.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a method for forming minute unevenness.

FIG. 5 is a process chart showing a transfer process using a transfer sheet having fine irregularities.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of an ejector using an impeller.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the ejector of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of the inside of the ejector of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for adjusting a jetting direction by the jetting device of FIG. 6;

10A and 10B show another example of an ejector using an impeller, wherein FIG. 10A is a front view and FIG. 10B is a side view.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an ejector using an ejection nozzle.

12A and 12B are diagrams illustrating an example of an arrangement state of the ejectors, in which FIG. 12A is an arrangement view in a state of being arranged in a staggered lattice shape, and FIG. It is an arrangement view of the state where it shifted.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of setting a pressure distribution in the width direction of the collision pressure.

FIG. 14 is a side view showing an example of the direction of the ejector when viewed from the flow direction.

15A and 15B are views showing an example of a curved surface transfer apparatus capable of performing the curved surface transfer method of the present invention, wherein FIG. 15A is a schematic diagram viewed from the side in the substrate transport direction, and FIG. 15B is an ejector of FIG. Is a schematic view of a portion viewed from a substrate transport direction.

FIG. 16 shows an example of a shielding unit using a row of rotating rollers.
It is sectional drawing in an X surface.

FIG. 17 is a side view as seen from the Y-axis direction in FIG. 16;

FIGS. 18A and 18B are explanatory diagrams illustrating an example of three-dimensional surface irregularities of a transfer-receiving base material, wherein FIG. 18A is a plan view and FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 S transfer sheet Sa support Sb transfer layer B substrate to be transferred P solid particles F fluid D cosmetic material 1 shielding member 2 ejector 3 chamber 5 emboss plate 6 impression cylinder 7 heater 8 peeling roller 10 substrate transport device (substrate transport) Means) 20 Sheet feeding means 21 Sheet feeding device 22 Sheet supporting device 23 Sheet discharging device 24 Guide roller 30 Impact pressure applying means 31 Hopper 32 Jetting device (solid particle jetting device) 33 Chamber 34 Drain pipe 35 Separation device 36 Vacuum pump 40 Sheet Heating device 41 Substrate heating device 50 Substrate coating device 60 Peeling roller 70 Cooling device 71 Small chamber 401 Groove-shaped concave portion 402 Flat convex portion 403 Fine irregularity 812, 812a Impeller 813, 813a Blade 814, 814a Side plate 815 Hollow portion 816 Direction controller 817 Opening 818 Spraying Ejector 841 induction chamber 842 inside the nozzle 843 nozzle openings 844 nozzles with 819,819a rotary shaft 820 bearing 840 blowout nozzle

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer is opposed to a transfer layer side of a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer, and solid particles are caused to collide with the support side of the transfer sheet. Utilizing the collision pressure, the transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and after the transfer layer adheres to the transfer substrate, the transfer sheet support is peeled off to remove the transfer layer. A curved surface transfer method for transferring to a substrate to be transferred, characterized in that a transfer sheet is used in which fine irregularities are formed at least in a region of the transfer layer surface which comes into contact with the irregular surface of the substrate to be transferred. Curved surface transfer method.