JPH10337993A - Method and apparatus for transferring curved surface - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently manufacture a decorative material having a three- dimensional protrusion and recess surface. SOLUTION: This apparatus opposes a transfer layer side of a transfer sheet S having a support and a transfer layer to a projection and recess surface side of a base material B to be transferred with the projection and recess surface, collides solid particles ejected from an ejector 2 to the support side of the sheet, brings the sheet into pressure contact with the base material by its collision pressure, and then releases the support to obtain a decorative material. In this case, the sheet S is pressed to a side end of an endless belt 10a of a base material conveying means 10 by a rotary roller 1a of a shielding means 1 at a side outside at which the material B is not transferred, and the collision pressure of the particles P is applied while preventing adherence of the particles P moved around to the rear to the transfer layer side of the sheet S to the side face.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a decorative sheet for housing exterior and interior materials, furniture, home appliances and the like, and more particularly to a method for transferring a curved surface for producing a decorative sheet having a decorative uneven surface, and a method therefor. The present invention relates to a curved surface transfer device to be used.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, decorative boards having a decoration such as a picture on the surface of a base material by a direct printing method, a laminating method, a transferring method or the like have been used for various purposes. In this case, if the surface of the base material is flat, there is no problem since the pattern decoration can be easily performed, but the pattern decoration is applied to the uneven surface by a special device.

[0003] For example, a columnar shape such as a window frame or a surface border material, in which the base material decoration surface is two-dimensionally uneven (a shape having a curvature only in one direction (a direction perpendicular to the generating line or the height direction) like a cylinder) One of the curved surface decoration techniques applicable in the case of
No. 5895 has proposed this. That is, the technique of the publication is a surface decoration method by a laminating method, in which a front cover sheet coated with an adhesive is supplied on one side, and one base material is horizontally conveyed at a speed synchronized with the supply speed of the front cover sheet. While maintaining the state in which the ends of the facing sheet are not adhered by a large number of holding jigs, the adhesive-applied surface side of the facing sheet is pressed stepwise on the base material for each small area, and the facing sheet is placed on the base material. It is to be stuck on the surface by heating. This method is called a lapping method.

A curved surface decoration technique applicable to the case where the surface unevenness is a three-dimensional unevenness such as an embossed shape (ie, a shape having a curvature in two directions like a hemispherical surface) is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-139097. There is a proposal in the gazette. That is, the technique of the publication is a surface decoration method by a transfer method, in which a transfer sheet having a structure in which a thermoplastic resin film is used as a support of the transfer sheet, and a release layer, a pattern layer, and an adhesive layer are sequentially provided on the support. Is placed on a substrate having an uneven surface, and pressed from the back surface of the support with a heat roller made of rubber having a rubber hardness of 60 ° or less, and a pattern is transferred to obtain a decorative plate. Further, a foamed layer which foams by heat during transfer is provided between the support and the release layer, and the foaming is also utilized to follow the uneven surface of the substrate.

[0005]

However, of the conventional methods as described above, the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895 can only handle two-dimensional curved surfaces.
The technology proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-139097 can deal with a three-dimensional curved surface. Is not applicable to large surface irregularities. In addition, the soft rubber roller is liable to be worn by the corners of the unevenness of the transfer substrate. Further, in a configuration in which a foam layer is provided on the transfer sheet, the transfer sheet becomes too complicated and expensive. In addition, there is a problem that the substrate is limited to a flat substrate as a whole.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a decorative material which can be transferred to a large three-dimensional uneven surface and has excellent surface decorativeness.
Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a curved surface transfer method which does not require a jig having a special shape and which does not require replacement due to wear of parts such as a rubber roller, and a curved surface transfer device used therefor.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a curved surface transfer method according to the present invention employs a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer on an uneven surface side of a transfer-receiving substrate having an uneven surface. The transfer layer side of the transfer sheet is opposed, solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the pressure of the transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred using the collision pressure. After being adhered to the material, the transfer layer was transferred to the substrate to be transferred by peeling and removing the support of the transfer sheet. Then, the transferred base material is placed and transferred on the base material transfer means composed of an endless belt, and both ends of the transferred base material are outside by rotating rollers having a peripheral speed synchronized with the transfer speed of the base material transfer means. By pressing the transfer sheet against the belt-side end of the substrate conveying means and colliding the solid particles with the gap therebetween, the solid particles behind the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet are transferred. The collision pressure of the solid particles is applied while preventing the particles from adhering to the side surface and the back surface of the base material.

Further, the curved surface transfer device of the present invention is an apparatus used for carrying out the above-mentioned curved surface transfer method, wherein at least (1) a solid particle ejecting means for ejecting solid particles; (3) a transfer sheet supply means for positioning the transfer sheet between the solid particle discharge means and the substrate to be transferred; and (3) a transfer sheet supply means for positioning the transfer sheet between the solid particle discharge means and the substrate to be transferred. And (4) a rotating roller having a peripheral speed synchronized with the transport speed of the base material transporting means. The transfer sheet is pressed against the belt-side end of the substrate transporting means on both sides of the base material to be transferred. Shielding means for sealing the gap between the two, and preventing solid particles behind the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet from adhering to the side surface and the back surface of the transfer-receiving substrate, while colliding with the solid particles. Configured to apply pressure .

[0009]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a curved transfer device, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part of the same.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, S is a long transfer sheet conveyed on a horizontal plane, B is a single sheet substrate to be transferred,
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view on a yz plane orthogonal to the transport direction (x-axis direction). Reference numeral 10 denotes a substrate transporting unit including an endless belt 10a.
At 0, it is conveyed horizontally. The material of the endless belt 10a is rubber, cloth, metal (thin sheet), or a composite thereof. Reference numeral 1 denotes a shielding means as a measure for preventing the solid particles P (the arrows indicate the traces thereof) from adhering to the side surface and the back surface of the transfer-receiving base material.
Is constituted by a plurality of rotating rollers 1a arranged in an upright state on both sides. The rotation roller 1a rotates at a peripheral speed synchronized with the conveyance speed of the endless belt 10a, and presses the transfer sheet S against the side end of the endless belt 10a at the outer side of both ends of the base material B to be transferred. To seal the gap between the two, so that the solid particles P
From the side and back of the The rotating roller 1a is
A surface material made of rubber, metal, ceramics, or resin is used. As a means for driving the endless belt 10a of the base material conveying means 10 and the rotating roller 1a of the shielding means 1, a known method using a power source such as an electric motor may be used (these driving systems are not shown in the drawings). ).

Then, the transfer sheet S is pressed against the belt-side end of the base material transporting means 10 by the rotating roller 1a of the shielding means 1 so as to close the gap therebetween, and the transfer sheet S on the transfer-receiving base material B is closed. The solid particles P are ejected from the injector 2 toward S and collided, and the collision pressure is applied to the transfer sheet S.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the portion of the transfer sheet S that hangs outside the side end of the endless belt 10a is
a, the gap between the transfer sheet S and the transfer-receiving substrate B is sealed, so that the solid particles P are prevented from intruding from the gap. In addition, chamber 3
Covers the entire space where the solid particles P squirt and collide so that the solid particles P do not fly into the surrounding working atmosphere. The solid particles P after colliding with the transfer sheet S are:
A part of the transfer sheet S falls from its both ends under its own weight and falls below the chamber, and the remaining part is placed on the conveyed transfer sheet S and collected downstream. Rotary roller 1a in this case
Is pressed between the transfer sheet S and the endless belt 10a.
It is sufficient that the gap with the side end of the first member can be sealed.
Care should be taken not to apply excessive pressure to deform the endless belt 10a or the transfer sheet S.

One or more rotating rollers 1a of the shielding means 1 are arranged on one side of the endless belt 10a.
From the viewpoint of preventing the backing of the solid particles, it is preferable to arrange two or more rotating rollers 1a side by side. The rotation roller 1a is disposed with the rotation axis being oriented vertically, and the inclination angle φ in the direction in which the rotation axis and the perpendicular z of the substrate conveyance surface are separated from and approached to the substrate side (see FIG. Then the angle in the yz plane)
FIG. 3 shows that when it is positive to incline outward with respect to the perpendicular
One of the states shown in (a), (b) and (c) will be taken. Therefore, the inclination angle φ of each rotating roller 1a may be set in accordance with various conditions so that the transfer sheet S is pressed against the belt side end without wrinkling or distortion. Further, a guide roller 1b for changing the direction of the transfer sheet as shown in FIG. 2 is provided before the rotary roller 1a (upstream in the sheet conveying direction). That is, when the both ends of the transfer sheet S are bent at once from the horizontal plane to the vertical plane, the transfer sheet S is easily wrinkled or distorted. I do. The guide roller 1b may be provided on only one pair on both sides of the base material B as shown in FIG. 2, or may be provided on two or more pairs as shown in FIG. An appropriate number will be installed according to the situation.

By the way, in the case of an ejector, particularly an ejector using an impeller, it is difficult in principle to make the ejection direction completely uniform in one direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, in the case of the ejector 2 in which the impeller rotation shaft is arranged in parallel to the transfer sheet conveying direction, the ejecting direction of the solid particles spreads in the transfer sheet width direction. The solid particles are flowed into the surrounding airflow, collide with the chamber or other device members, and are reflected. Collide with them behind. Then, when the adhesive is protruded and exposed there and is in the active state, the solid particles remain attached. This also leads to the consumption of solid particles. In addition, when solid particles enter between the transfer layer and the substrate to be transferred, the adhesion between the transfer layer and the substrate to be transferred is hindered, and the transfer layer comes off.

In the case where the solid particles are spread in the direction in which the solid particles are ejected from the ejector and the solid particles are scattered to portions other than the transfer sheet, the shielding means of the present invention employs the shielding means of the present invention. Effective for preventing adhesion. That is, the transfer sheet S is made wider than the base material B to be transferred, and the transfer sheet is pressed against the belt-side end of the base material transporting means by the shielding means to impinge the solid particles in a state in which the gap between the two is sealed. Accordingly, the toner does not adhere to the side and back surfaces of the substrate to which the image is not transferred.

The installation length of the shielding means 1 in the transfer sheet transport direction is made to correspond at least to an area where the ejector is located. The lengths extending upstream and downstream of the ejector in the transport direction are determined by the spread of the solid particle ejection direction in those directions. Further, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving substrate are conveyed on a horizontal plane, but may be conveyed on an inclined surface. In this case, it is effective to drop the solid particles after the application of the collision pressure along the slope and quickly remove them.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

[Substrate to be Transferred] The substrate to be used in the present invention may have a flat surface to be transferred. In particular, the substrate to be transferred has three-dimensional irregularities. A conventional pressing jig (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895 described above) and a transfer roller made of rubber (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-13997 described above) essentially have the directionality of the rotating shaft. , The applicable surface irregularities are limited. That is, the former is limited to two-dimensional unevenness having a curvature only in one axis direction, and the latter is capable of transferring to a three-dimensional unevenness having a curvature in two axis directions even if the three-dimensional shape is possible in any direction. Cannot be applied homogeneously. For example, unless the longitudinal direction of the wood grain conduit pattern is parallel to the feed direction of the transfer sheet, it cannot be successfully transferred to the concave portion of the conduit. In addition, the latter is practically limited to a flat base material, and otherwise cannot be used unless a specially shaped transfer roller is used for each base material shape.

However, in the present invention, as described later, since the collision pressure of a group of solid particles that behave fluidly is used, the planar direction of the pressure application region is essentially required for the three-dimensional shape of the surface irregularities. Do not have. (This directionality is the direction of the temporal position change of a point on the transfer-receiving substrate to which pressure is applied.) Therefore, a shape having irregularities in the transfer direction of the transfer sheet or the transfer-receiving substrate is considered. The substrate to be transferred may be used. In other words, it means that the present invention can be applied to two-dimensional unevenness having unevenness only in one direction such as only the feed direction or width direction, and three-dimensional unevenness having unevenness in two directions such as both the feed direction and the width direction. In addition, the point that the collision pressure of the solid particle group does not have directionality is that the ejector that ejects the solid particles is placed so that the single sheet transfer sheet is placed on the substrate to be transferred and pressed and adhered one by one. This can be easily understood by considering how the area to which the collision pressure is applied moves by moving or transferring the transfer sheet and the base material to be transferred while fixing the ejector.

The substrate to be transferred is not limited to a flat plate material (having an envelope shape) as a whole, but may be a substrate having two-dimensional irregularities that are convex or concave in an arc shape and are curved in the feeding direction or width direction. Alternatively, the curved surface may have finer three-dimensional surface irregularities. In the present invention, whether to transfer the two-dimensional irregularities having an arc-shaped cross section of the base material to be transferred, for example, in the width direction or in the feed direction is arbitrary in consideration of workability and the like. Can be.

It is also possible to use a substrate to be transferred having an irregular surface having fine irregularities superimposed on large irregularities, or a substrate having a surface to be transferred to the bottom of the concave portion or the inner surface of the concave portion of the irregular surface. . The large irregularities and the fine irregularities are, for example, as shown in FIG.
1, 402 and fine irregularities 403 on the convex portions 402
The large uneven shape has a step of 1 to 10 m.
m, the width of the concave portion is 1 to 10 mm, and the width of the convex portion is 5 mm or more. The fine uneven shape is smaller than the large uneven shape in both the step and the width. Is about 0.1 to 5 mm, the width of the concave portion and the width of the convex portion are 0.1 mm or more, and is ２ of the width of the convex portion having a large irregular shape.
Less than about.

Specific examples of the uneven pattern of the decorative material, which is formed of a combination of large and small irregularities and fine irregularities and has three-dimensional surface irregularities, include joints and grooves as large irregularities. It has a two-dimensional array pattern of tiles, bricks, stones, etc., and has fine irregularities on the spray painted surface such as stucco, lysine etc., unevenness of stone surface such as granite cleavage surface and travertine marble board Etc., such as stone-grained uneven pattern, or large-sized uneven pattern, such as siding pattern, groove, stirrup, sane, etc., siding pattern, floating wood grain pattern, and uneven pattern with conduit grooves, hairline, etc. as fine unevenness on it Is mentioned.

Each of the surfaces constituting the uneven surface may be any one of a plane only, a curved surface only, and a combination of a plane and a curved surface. Therefore, the curved surface on the substrate to be transferred according to the present invention also means an uneven surface having no curved surface composed of only a plurality of planes, such as a tooth profile of a clog. Further, the curvature referred to in the present invention is:
The case of an infinite curvature (curvature radius = 0) that is angular like a periphery of a side or a vertex of a cube is also included. In addition, in order to make the surface of the transfer-receiving substrate have desired irregularities, press working, embossing, extrusion, cutting, molding, or the like may be used.

The material of the substrate to be transferred is arbitrary.
Non-porcelain ceramic plates such as calcium silicate plate, extruded cement plate, ALC (lightweight foamed concrete) plate, GRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) plate, veneer veneer, wood plywood, particle board, or wood Wood plates such as medium density fiberboard (MDF), metal plates such as iron, aluminum and copper, ceramics such as ceramics and glass,
A resin molded product such as polypropylene, ABS resin, and phenol resin may be used. When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid and solid particles are ejected together with the liquid as described later, those which are insoluble and non-absorbable in the liquid are preferable. For example, a metal plate, a resin molded product, ceramics such as ceramics and glass, and the like are used.

Further, an easy-adhesion primer for assisting the adhesion to the adhesive or a sealer for sealing and sealing fine irregularities and porosity on the surface is applied to the surface of the substrate to be transferred in advance. You may keep it. A resin such as an isocyanate, a two-part curable urethane resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, or a vinyl acetate resin is applied as an easy-adhesion primer or a sealer.

[Transfer Sheet] The transfer sheet is composed of a support and a transfer layer that transfers and transfers. The transfer layer comprises at least a decorative layer. Further, the adhesive may be formed on the transfer sheet as an adhesive layer that becomes a part of the transfer layer.
When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid and solid particles are ejected together with the liquid, a support or a transfer layer that is insoluble in the liquid is used. For example, when the liquid is water, it may be appropriately selected and used from the materials used as general transfer sheets, except for the water-soluble resin and the like.

(Support) As a support for the transfer sheet,
If the substrate to be transferred has a two-dimensional uneven surface, paper having no stretchability (however, if the solid particle accelerating fluid is a liquid, select one that is insoluble in the liquid). In order to apply the present invention to a three-dimensional uneven surface that exhibits its true value, a stretchable support is used at least at the time of transfer. Due to the extensibility, the transfer sheet can adhere to and transfer to the inside of the concave portion on the surface of the substrate to be transferred when the collision pressure of the solid particles is applied. The stretchability of the entire transfer sheet is mainly governed by the stretchability of the support. Therefore, the support has
In addition to a conventionally known thermoplastic resin film, a rubber film that can be stretched even at room temperature can be used. In the case of a thermoplastic resin film, there is almost no stretchability when a transfer layer such as a decorative layer is formed, and at the time of transfer, sufficient stretchability is exhibited by heating, and after cooling, the deformed shape is maintained, and the shape is restored by elasticity. A transfer sheet that can be used in the present invention can be easily prepared as a transfer sheet that does not cause the problem, similarly to a conventionally known ordinary transfer sheet.

As a specific example of the support, a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, which has been widely used in the past, can exhibit necessary and sufficient stretchability by setting heating conditions, collision pressure conditions, etc., depending on the surface unevenness. It is possible to perform a curved surface transfer, but it is possible to develop a stretch at low temperature and low pressure, for example, a copolymer polyester film such as polybutylene terephthalate or terephthalate isophthalate copolymer, a polypropylene film, a polyethylene film. Also, low-stretch or non-stretch films such as polyolefin films such as polymethylpentene films, polyvinyl chloride resin films and nylon films, and rubber (elastomer) films such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, urethane elastomer and olefin elastomer are preferable. Di body. The thickness of the support is usually 20 to 100 μm.

When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, it is possible to use a resin film which swells but is insoluble in the liquid that comes into contact with the liquid during transfer. An example of such a swellable and insoluble resin film is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
JP-A-150208, JP-B-61-3276, etc., are polyvinyl alcohol-based films having an average degree of polymerization of 300 to 3000 and a degree of saponification of 65 to 9
A film having a thickness of 7 mol% and a thickness of 20 to 100 μm is typical.

The support may be provided, if necessary, with a release layer on the transfer layer side to improve the releasability from the transfer layer. The release layer is removed together with the support from the transfer layer when the support is released. As the release layer, for example, a simple substance such as a silicone resin, a melamine resin, a polyamide resin, a urethane resin, a polyolefin resin, a wax, or a mixture containing these is used.

If an uneven pattern is provided on the surface of the support which is in contact with the transfer layer, the uneven pattern can be formed on the surface of the transfer layer after transfer. The uneven pattern is, for example,
There are hairline, line-shaped groove, uneven pattern of cleavage face of granite, wood grain conduit groove, wood grain ring pattern, cloth texture surface texture, skin squeezing, characters, geometric pattern and so on. The uneven pattern may be formed by embossing, sandblasting, or hairline processing the resin sheet of the support by hot pressing, or by using an ink (2) using a resin having releasability as a binder on the support. Liquid-cured urethane, silicone resin, melamine resin, polyfunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer or prepolymer that crosslinks with ultraviolet light or electron beam, etc. There is a method of providing a layer and forming a support having a shaping layer. The shaping layer has the function of the release layer.

(Transfer Layer) The transfer layer of the transfer sheet is composed of at least a decorative layer, and a release layer, an adhesive layer, etc. may also be a component of the transfer layer as appropriate. In the configuration having the adhesive layer, it is possible to omit applying the adhesive to one or both of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred at the time of transfer.

The decorative layer is formed by printing a pattern or the like with a conventionally known method such as gravure printing, silk screen printing, offset printing, or the like, and a material such as aluminum, chromium, gold, or silver by a known vapor deposition method. A metal thin film layer or the like formed on the target or on the entire surface, which is used according to the application. As the pattern, according to the surface irregularities of the substrate to be transferred,
A wood pattern, a stone pattern, a cloth pattern, a tile pattern, a brick pattern, a leather pattern, a character, a geometric pattern, a solid pattern, and the like are used. The picture layer ink is composed of a vehicle such as a binder, a coloring agent such as a pigment or a dye, and various additives appropriately added thereto. A single material such as an acrylic resin, a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyester resin, a cellulosic resin, a polyurethane resin, a fluororesin, or the like, or a mixture containing these is used for the binder. As the pigment of the colorant, inorganic pigments such as titanium white, carbon black, red iron oxide, graphite, and ultramarine blue, and organic pigments such as aniline black, quinacridone, isoindolinone, and phthalocyanine blue are used.

The release layer may be provided between the support or the release layer and the decorative layer to adjust the releasability between the decorative layer and the surface of the decorative layer after transfer. This is the same as a conventionally known transfer sheet. The release layer is transferred to the transfer-receiving substrate together with the decorative layer during transfer, and covers the surface of the decorative layer.

As a means for easily removing air remaining between the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred at the time of transfer, a large number of small holes are formed in the transfer sheet as necessary to penetrate all layers of the transfer sheet. You may.

[Adhesive] The adhesive is used as an adhesive layer constituting a transfer layer of a transfer sheet or an adhesive layer on a substrate to be transferred.
Apply in advance with offline coating or online coating immediately before transfer. When applied to a substrate to be transferred, the adhesive layer of the transfer sheet transfer layer can be omitted. The adhesive to be used may be appropriately selected depending on the application, required physical properties, and the like. When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, an adhesive that is insoluble in the liquid is selected.

As the adhesive, for example, a heat-sensitive adhesive,
Moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive, two-component reaction-curable adhesive,
Various adhesives such as an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive, a water-based adhesive, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive using an adhesive can be used. In addition,
If water is used for the solid particle accelerating fluid, avoid using a moisture-curable adhesive or an aqueous adhesive.

As the heat-sensitive adhesive, any of a heat-sealing adhesive using a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting adhesive using a thermosetting resin can be used. However, from the point that bonding is completed in a short time, a heat-fusion type (heat-sensitive adhesive)
Is preferred. The adhesive may be diluted with a solvent or without a solvent, or may be a liquid or a solid at room temperature, and may be used as appropriate. In the case of an adhesive other than a pressure-sensitive adhesive exhibiting tackiness, a transfer layer can be formed with only a single adhesive layer. If a coloring agent such as a pigment is added to the adhesive layer, it can be said that the entire layer is a decorative layer composed of a solid ink layer. Examples of the heat-sensitive adhesive include polyvinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, thermoplastic urethane resin, polyamide resin obtained by condensation polymerization of dimer acid and ethylenediamine, and the like. A conventionally known adhesive can be used. As the thermosetting adhesive, a phenol resin, a urea resin, a diallyl phthalate resin, a thermosetting urethane resin, an epoxy resin, or the like can be used.

The moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is also a kind of heat-sensitive adhesive. The moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is
Since the curing reaction proceeds with the moisture in the air when left naturally, it is applied immediately before transfer from the viewpoint of work stability. Immediately after transfer, the moisture-curing heat-sensitive adhesive has the same adhesive strength as a normal heat-melting adhesive, but the cross-linking / curing reaction gradually proceeds with the moisture in the air when allowed to stand naturally. It is excellent in heat resistance without creep deformation and heat melting, and a large adhesive strength can be obtained. However, in order to promote the crosslinking and curing of the adhesive by moisture after the transfer is completed, the decorative board after the transfer is left to cure in air containing moisture. Preferable atmospheric conditions for curing are generally a relative humidity of 50% RH or more and a temperature of 10%.
° C or higher. When the temperature and the relative humidity are both higher, the curing is completed in a shorter time. The standard curing completion time is usually about 10 hours in an atmosphere of 20 ° C. and 60% RH.

The moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is a composition containing a prepolymer having an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal as an essential component. The prepolymer is usually a polyisocyanate prepolymer having one or more isocyanate groups at both molecular terminals, and is a solid thermoplastic resin at room temperature. Isocyanate groups react with each other due to moisture in the air to cause a chain extension reaction, and as a result, a reactant having a urea bond in a molecular chain is generated,
The urea bond further reacts with the isocyanate group at the molecular terminal to cause a biuret bond and branch to cause a crosslinking reaction.

The skeleton structure of the molecular chain of the prepolymer having an isocyanate group at the molecular terminal is arbitrary, and specific examples thereof include a polyurethane skeleton having a urethane bond, a polyester skeleton having an ester bond, and a polybutazine skeleton. Adhesive properties can be adjusted by appropriately employing one or more of these skeletal structures. When a urethane bond is present in the molecular chain, the terminal isocyanate group also reacts with the urethane bond to generate an allophanate bond, which also causes a cross-linking reaction.

Specific examples of the polyisocyanate prepolymer include, for example, an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal obtained by reacting an excess polyisocyanate with a polyol;
There is a urethane prepolymer having a polyurethane skeleton having a urethane bond in a molecular chain. Also, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 14287, a polyester skeleton and a polybutadiene skeleton obtained by adding a polyester polyol and a polyol having a polybutadiene skeleton in an arbitrary order to a polyisocyanate and performing an addition reaction are combined with each other by a urethane bond. Crystalline urethane prepolymer having a modified structure and having an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal, or a molecule obtained by reacting a polycarbonate-based polyol with a polyisocyanate as disclosed in JP-A-2-305882. 2 in
Examples include a polycarbonate-based urethane prepolymer having two or more isocyanate groups and a polyester-based urethane prepolymer having two or more isocyanate groups in a molecule obtained by reacting a polyester-based polyol with a polyisocyanate.

As the moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive, in addition to the above-mentioned various polyisocyanate prepolymers,
In order to adjust various physical properties, various auxiliary materials such as a thermoplastic resin, a tackifier, a plasticizer, and a filler can be added to the above-mentioned essential reaction components, if necessary. As these auxiliary materials, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, low molecular weight polyethylene, modified polyolefin,
From thermoplastic resins such as atactic polypropylene, linear polyester, ethylene-ethyl acrylate (EAA), terpene-phenol resins, tackifiers such as rosin abietic acid ester, and fine powders such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silica, and alumina. (Extending pigments), coloring pigments, curing catalysts, moisture removers, storage stabilizers, anti-aging agents and the like.

The ionizing radiation-curable resin which can be used as the ionizing radiation-curable adhesive is a composition curable by ionizing radiation. Specifically, a radical polymerizable unsaturated bond or a cationic polymerizable functional group is contained in the molecule. A prepolymer (including a so-called oligomer) having a group and / or a composition which is appropriately mixed with a monomer and which can be cured by ionizing radiation is preferably used. These prepolymers or monomers are used alone or as a mixture of two or more.

The above-mentioned prepolymer or monomer specifically has a radical polymerizable unsaturated group such as a (meth) acryloyl group or a (meth) acryloyloxy group, a cationic polymerizable functional group such as an epoxy group, or the like in the molecule. Consisting of a compound having Further, a polyene / thiol prepolymer based on a combination of a polyene and a polythiol is also preferably used. In addition, for example, a (meth) acryloyl group means an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group.

Examples of the prepolymer having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group include polyester (meth) acrylate, urethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth)
Acrylate, melamine (meth) acrylate, triazine (meth) acrylate and the like can be used. A molecular weight of about 250 to 100,000 is usually used.

Examples of the monomer having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group include monofunctional monomers such as methyl (meth)
There are acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate and the like.
In addition, as polyfunctional monomers, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethyl propane tri (meth)
There are also acrylate, trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate and the like.

Examples of the prepolymer having a cationically polymerizable functional group include prepolymers of epoxy resins such as bisphenol type epoxy resins and novolak type epoxy compounds, and vinyl ether resins such as fatty acid type vinyl ethers and aromatic vinyl ethers. .

Examples of thiols include polythiols such as trimethylolpropane trithioglycolate and pentaerythritol tetrathioglycolate. Examples of the polyene include those obtained by adding allyl alcohol to both ends of a polyurethane made of a diol and a diisocyanate.

When curing with ultraviolet light or visible light, a photopolymerization initiator is further added to the ionizing radiation-curable resin. In the case of a resin system having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group, acetophenones, benzophenones, thioxanthones, benzoin, benzoin methyl ethers can be used alone or in combination as a photopolymerization initiator. In the case of a resin system having a cationically polymerizable functional group, an aromatic diazonium salt, an aromatic sulfonium salt, an aromatic iodonium salt, a metallocene compound, a benzoinsulfonic acid ester, or the like is used alone or as a mixture as a photopolymerization initiator. be able to. In addition,
The addition amount of these photopolymerization initiators is about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the ionizing radiation-curable resin.

As the ionizing radiation, electromagnetic waves or charged particles having energy capable of crosslinking the molecules in the adhesive are used. Usually, ultraviolet rays or electron beams are used, but visible rays, X-rays, ion beams, or the like can also be used. As the ultraviolet light source, a light source such as an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, a carbon arc lamp, a black light, and a metal halide lamp is used. As a wavelength of the ultraviolet light, a wavelength range of 190 to 380 nm is usually mainly used. As an electron beam source, various electron beam accelerators such as a Cockcroft-Walton type, a Van degraft type, a resonance transformer type, an insulating core transformer type, or a linear type, a dynamitron type, and a high frequency type are used.
One that irradiates electrons with energy of 1000 keV, preferably 100 to 300 keV is used.

If necessary, a thermoplastic resin such as a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, an acrylic resin or a cellulose resin may be added to the ionizing radiation-curable resin. If used without adding a diluting solvent, it becomes a hot melt adhesive.

When an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive is used, an ionizing radiation irradiating device for irradiating an ultraviolet ray or an electron beam to the curved surface transfer device can be incorporated. The irradiation is performed during, after, or after and after the application of the collision pressure.

Further, various additives may be added to the various resins used for the adhesive, if necessary. These additives include, for example, extenders (fillers) composed of fine powders such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silica, and alumina, and thixotropic agents such as organic bentonite (especially for transfer-receiving substrates having a large uneven step). In this case, the adhesive may be added to prevent the adhesive from flowing into the concave portion from the convex portion.).

To apply the adhesive to a sheet such as a transfer sheet or a substrate to be transferred, a solvent (or a dispersion medium) such as water or an organic solvent is used.
In the form of a solution (or dispersion) dissolved (or dispersed) in
Alternatively, a hot-melt thermoplastic composition or a room-temperature liquid uncured resin is applied in the form of a solvent-free resin liquid. As a coating method,
What is necessary is just to apply by the solution coating by gravure roll coat etc. which is a conventionally well-known coating method, or the melt coating (melt coating) method by an applicator etc. When used without adding a diluting solvent, solvent drying is unnecessary. For example, heat-sensitive adhesives can be used as solventless hot-melt adhesives, respectively. In addition, an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive or the like can be applied without a solvent. When used as a hot-melt adhesive, there is no solvent, so solvent drying is unnecessary even immediately before transfer, and high-speed production is possible. The amount of the adhesive applied varies depending on the composition of the adhesive, the type of the substrate to be transferred, and the surface condition.
Usually, it is about 10 to ²⁰⁰ g / m ² (solid content).

In the case where the adhesive is used as a hot melt adhesive, and when the transfer sheet is further modified to follow the irregular shape of the substrate to be transferred and transferred, the support of the transfer sheet is necessarily made of polypropylene. It is necessary to select a material that exhibits thermoplasticity or rubber elasticity at room temperature or in a heated state, such as a thermoplastic resin sheet such as a system resin. However, from a different viewpoint, it is necessary to select a support having low heat resistance. Means that you don't get Therefore, when the adhesive is melt-coated to form a transfer sheet, when the adhesive layer is thickly applied, the support is softened by heat during the melt coating, and the adhesive is heated in an adhesive coating apparatus. The sheet may stick to the applicator roller and may be stretched, distorted, or entangled by dragging.

Therefore, in such a case, the adhesive is not directly melt-coated on the sheet, but the release sheet (separator) is used.
The transfer sheet may be formed by applying an adhesive via the transfer sheet. That is, after heat-melt coating the adhesive on the release sheet with heat resistance and release properties, the release sheet with the applied adhesive,
The sheet to be the transfer sheet was thermally laminated once with a nip roller or the like, and then only the release sheet was peeled off from the sheet with a peeling roller or the like, thereby reducing the heat damage to the sheet and forming the adhesive layer. It can be a transfer sheet. The release sheet does not need to be stretchable. A heat-resistant resin sheet such as a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate sheet, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, or polyimide, or paper is used as a base material. A conventionally known release sheet that has been release-treated by coating with methylpentene or the like can be used. The thickness of the release sheet is usually about 50 to 200 μm.

Note that a heat-melting adhesive is used as the adhesive,
The timing of heating to activate and heat-bond the adhesive may be before applying the collision pressure, during the application of the collision pressure, or before and during the application of the collision pressure. The heating of the adhesive is performed by heating the transfer sheet or the substrate to be transferred. The material to which the adhesive has been applied (the transfer sheet or the substrate to be transferred) may be heated, the material to which the adhesive is not applied may be heated, or both materials may be heated. Good. Also,
For the heating during the application of the collision pressure, heated solid particles or a fluid for accelerating the solid particles may be used as the heating fluid.

On the other hand, if the transfer sheet follows the surface shape of the substrate to be transferred and is formed and the adhesive is sufficiently activated, the cooling of the adhesive may be promoted by cooling means such as cold air. Cold air is blown from the transfer sheet side or the transfer-receiving substrate side. In addition, cooling solid particles and cooling fluid can also be used as cooling means. The promotion of cooling also prevents the transfer sheet formed following the inside of the concave portion of the concave-convex surface of the transfer-receiving substrate from returning to the case where there is a restoring force after releasing the collision pressure.

[Solid Particles] Solid particles include non-metallic inorganic particles such as glass beads, ceramic beads, calcium carbonate beads, alumina beads, zirconia beads, corundum beads, and alundum beads.
Iron, carbon steel, iron alloys such as stainless steel, aluminum,
Aluminum alloys such as duralumin, titanium, metal particles such as metal beads such as zinc, or fluororesin beads,
Organic particles such as resin beads such as nylon beads, silicone resin beads, urethane resin beads, urea resin beads, phenol resin beads, and crosslinked rubber beads can be used. When water is used as the solid particle acceleration fluid,
As the solid particles, non-metals such as stainless beads, glass beads, ceramic beads, and resin beads that do not cause rust or corrosion by water are preferable. The shape is preferably a spherical shape, but other shapes such as a spheroid, a scale and the like may be used. The particle size of the solid particles is usually 10 to 1000 μm
It is about.

The solid particles can also serve as a heating means and a cooling means. By using the heated heated solid particles, it is possible to activate the adhesive by heating, promote the crosslinking and curing thereof, or improve the stretchability by heating the transfer sheet together with the pressing of the transfer sheet. In this case, the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred may be heated to some extent by another heating method before the collision pressure is applied. Further, as the solid particles, for the purpose of promoting cooling after bonding, solid particles having a temperature lower than the temperature of the adhesive at the time of bonding can be used as the cooling solid particles. The solid particles may be used in combination with a part or all of the solid particles as heated solid particles or cooled solid particles, or after colliding heated solid particles with cooled solid particles.
In addition, the transfer sheet, the base material to be transferred, the adhesive, etc., which need to be heated by another heating method, are sufficiently heated, and the cooling solid particles are used for the formation, adhesion and cooling of the transfer sheet. It can be done at the same time.

In order to heat or cool the solid particles, when the solid particles are stored in a tank such as a hopper,
Electric heater, heating steam,
What is necessary is just to perform by a heating means and a cooling means with a refrigerant | coolant etc. Also,
These means may be provided on the outer wall of the solid particle transport tube, and heating or cooling may be performed in the transport tube. Alternatively, when a fluid is used for accelerating the solid particles, the solid particles can be cooled or heated by heat conduction from the fluid using a cooled or heated fluid. In this case, by causing the fluid to collide with the transfer sheet, the fluid can be used as a heating or cooling unit together with the solid. Alternatively, when the fluid is a liquid and a tank for storing solid particles together with the liquid is used, the solid particles and the liquid may be cooled and heated during storage.

[Application of Impact Pressure by Solid Particles] In order to impinge the solid particles against the transfer sheet and apply the impact pressure to press the transfer sheet against the substrate to be transferred, the solid particles are ejected from the solid particle ejection means for ejecting the solid particles. The particles are ejected toward the transfer sheet to apply a collision pressure to the transfer sheet. As the solid particle ejecting means, for example, an ejector using a rotating impeller (see FIGS. 4 to 8) or an ejector using an ejection nozzle (see FIG. 9) is used as a particle accelerator. The ejector using the impeller accelerates and ejects solid particles by rotation of the impeller. An ejector using an ejection nozzle accelerates and conveys solid particles with a high-speed fluid flow of a fluid using a solid particle acceleration fluid, and ejects the solid particles together with the fluid. Sand blast or shot blast for impeller and blow nozzle,
Shot peening and blasting can be used. For example, a centrifugal blast device is used for the impeller, and a pressurized or suction blast device, a wet blast device, or the like is used for the blowing nozzle. Centrifugal blasting equipment
The solid particles are accelerated and ejected by the impeller's rotational force. The pressurized blast device ejects solid particles mixed with compressed air together with air. The suction-type blast device sucks solid particles into a negative pressure portion generated by a high-speed flow of compressed air, and ejects the solid particles together with the air. The wet blast device mixes and ejects solid particles with a liquid.

As the means for ejecting solid particles, a method of accelerating solid particles by using free fall due to gravity, a method of accelerating magnetic particles by a magnetic field, etc. may be employed other than the blowing nozzle and the impeller. Is also possible. In the case of an impeller, gravity, or a magnetic field ejecting unit using a magnetic field, the solid particles can be ejected toward the transfer sheet in a vacuum.

FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 are explanatory views showing an example of an impeller which can be used as a particle accelerator of an ejector. This impeller corresponds to a centrifugal blast device used in the blasting field.

In the drawing, the impeller 812 includes a plurality of blades 8.
13 is fixed on both sides by two side plates 814, and the center of rotation is a hollow portion 815 without blades 813. Further, a direction controller 816 is provided inside the hollow portion 815. The direction controller 816 has a hollow cylindrical shape having an opening 817 that is partially open in the circumferential direction.
The rotation axis is the same as the rotation axis 12 and is rotatable independently of the impeller. The direction controller 816 fixes the opening 817 in a predetermined direction when used. Further, a hollow impeller 8 is provided inside the direction controller 816.
Another impeller having the same rotation axis as the twelve rotation axes is included as a sprayer 818 (see FIG. 6). Sprayer 818
Rotates with the outer impeller 812. A rotating shaft 819 is fixed to the center of rotation of the side plate 814. The rotating shaft 819 is rotatably supported by a bearing 820, and is driven and rotated by a rotating power source (not shown) such as an electric motor. The impeller 812 rotates. The rotation shaft 819 is
It does not penetrate between the two side plates 814 having the blades 813 therebetween, and forms a space without a shaft.

Then, the solid particles P
Is supplied from a hopper or the like through a transport pipe. Usually, the solid particles P are supplied from above (directly above or obliquely above) the impeller 812. The solid particles P supplied into the sprayer 818 scatter outside by the impeller of the sprayer 818. The scattered solid particles P are emitted only in the direction allowed by the opening 817 of the direction controller 816, and the blades 8 of the outer impeller 812 are discharged.
13 and the blade 813. And feather 8
13, is accelerated by the rotational force of the impeller 812, and is ejected from the impeller 812.

The ejection direction of the solid particles is shown in FIGS.
, But may be horizontal or obliquely downward (not shown). 7 (A) and 7 (B)
7A and 7B are conceptual diagrams of ejection direction control for adjusting the ejection direction of the solid particles P by setting the direction of the opening 817 of the direction controller 816 (in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the direction controllers 816 are respectively illustrated) Fixed in position). Note that the direction controller 816 can also adjust the ejection amount of the solid particles P by adjusting the size of the opening 817 in the circumferential direction and the width direction.

In FIG. 4, the rotating shaft 819 is configured so as to be only outside the side plate 814 and not penetrate to the hollow portion 815. Penetrating to the hollow part 815,
It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the inside of a hollow cylindrical rotary shaft provided with an opening for passing solid particles on the outer periphery is a hollow part (not shown).

The shape of the blade of the impeller is typically a rectangular flat plate (rectangular parallelepiped) as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7. It is also possible to select according to the application and purpose. The number of blades is usually selected from the range of 2 to 10 blades. Then, by the combination of the shape of the impeller, the number of blades, the rotation speed, the mass and supply speed of the solid particles and the supply direction, the opening size and direction of the directional controller, the ejection (spout) direction of the accelerated solid particles, Jet velocity, projection density,
Adjust the divergence angle etc.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing another example of the impeller. The impeller 812a of FIG.
3a has a structure in which both sides are fixed by two side plates 814a. The solid particles P are supplied from above (directly above or obliquely above) the impeller 812a. In addition, the side plate 814a also regulates the ejection direction in the width direction with respect to the rotation shaft 819a. The ejection direction of the solid particles P is horizontal in the figure, but may be vertically downward or obliquely downward. Then, by the combination of the shape of the impeller, the number of blades, the rotation speed, the mass of the solid particles, the supply speed and the supply direction, the ejection direction of the accelerated solid particles, the ejection speed, the projection density, the ejection diffusion angle, etc. To adjust.

The impellers (812, 812a)
Etc.), if necessary, further comprises an ejection guide (not shown) for opening only the ejection and extraction portion of the solid particles and covering the periphery of the impeller to make the ejection direction of the solid particles uniform, The direction of ejecting solid particles can also be controlled. The shape of the opening of the ejection guide is, for example, a hollow cylindrical shape, a polygonal column shape, a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a fish tail shape, or the like. The ejection guide may have a single opening, or may have an interior partitioned into a honeycomb shape.

The dimensions of the impeller (812, 812a, etc.)
Usually, the diameter is about 5 to 60 cm, the width of the blade is about 5 to 20 cm, the length of the blade is about the diameter of the impeller, and the rotation speed of the impeller is about 500 to 5000 rpm. The ejection speed of the solid particles is about 10 to 50 m / s, and the projection density is 10 to 15
It is about 0 kg / m ² .

The material of the blades of the impeller may be appropriately selected from ceramics, metals such as steel, high chromium cast steel, titanium, and titanium alloy according to the type of solid particles. Solid particles are accelerated by contact with the blades, so if metal beads or inorganic particles are used for the solid particles, the particles are hard, so the blades should be made of high-chromium cast steel or ceramic with good wear resistance. . When resin beads are used as the solid particles, steel may be used because they are softer than metal particles.

[Blowing Nozzle] FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of an example of a blowing device 840 using a blowing nozzle as a solid particle blowing means for blowing solid particles together with a fluid. Note that the ejector 840 shown in the figure uses gas as a solid particle accelerating fluid,
It is an example of an ejector in a form in which the gas and the solid particles are mixed and ejected when the solid particles are ejected. The ejector 840 shown in the figure includes an induction chamber 841 for mixing the solid particles P and the fluid F, and an induction chamber 8
The nozzle 41 includes an internal nozzle 842 for ejecting the fluid F into the nozzle 41, and an ejection nozzle 844 for ejecting the solid particles P and the fluid F from the nozzle opening 843. Fluid F sent from a compressor or a blower (not shown) through a pressurized tank (not shown) as appropriate,
Blowing nozzle 8 from internal nozzle 842 through induction chamber 841
When jetting from the nozzle opening 843 of the nozzle 44, the guiding chamber 8
At 41, a negative pressure is created by the action of the fluid flow flowing at a high speed, the solid particles are introduced into the fluid flow by the negative pressure and mixed, and the solid particles are accelerated and conveyed by the fluid flow. And is ejected together with the fluid flow.

It should be noted that the blowing nozzle includes a blowing nozzle using a liquid as a solid particle accelerating fluid. In the case of a liquid, the fluid and the solid particles are mixed and stored in a pressurized tank (not shown) by, for example, a pump (not shown, when the fluid is a liquid), and the mixed solution is discharged from the nozzle opening of the blowing nozzle. What gushes etc. is used.

As the shape of the nozzle opening, there are a hollow cylindrical shape, a polygonal column shape, a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a fish tail shape and the like. The blowing nozzle may have a single opening, or may have an inside partitioned into a honeycomb shape. Fluid pressure is spraying pressure, usually 0.1-100 kg / cm
^{About 2} . The flow velocity of the fluid flow is usually 1 to 20 for the liquid flow.
m / sec, and about 5 to 80 m / sec for air flow.

The material of the ejector such as the induction chamber and the nozzle may be appropriately selected from ceramics, steel, titanium, titanium alloy and the like according to the type of solid particles and fluid. If the fluid is a liquid, select a material that does not cause rust, dissolution, corrosion, etc. For example, if the fluid is water, stainless steel, titanium,
Uses titanium alloy, synthetic resin, and ceramic. However,
If the surface is waterproofed, steel or the like may be used.

Since the solid particles pass along the inner wall of the ejector, when metal beads or inorganic particles are used as the solid particles, the particles are hard. Good. When resin beads are used as the solid particles, stainless steel may be used because they are softer than metal particles.

[Fluid] The fluid is used when the solid particles are accelerated and conveyed by the fluid flow, and the solid particles are ejected together with the fluid from the solid particle ejection means (eg, an ejection nozzle). The fluid is a solid particle acceleration fluid that accelerates the solid particles. Either a gas or a liquid can be used as the fluid, but usually a gas that is easy to handle is used. The gas is typically air, but may be carbon dioxide, nitrogen or the like. On the other hand, the liquid is not necessarily limited, but is nonflammable,
Water is one of the preferred materials because of its ease of drying, non-toxicity, low cost, and availability. In addition, nonflammable liquids such as chlorofluorocarbon, glycerin and silicone oil can be used. Liquids (as well as gases) can collide with the solid particles along with the transfer sheet. Naturally, liquid has a higher density than gas, so liquid is easier to accelerate when solid particles are accelerated by a fluid flow than gas, and when liquid collides with a transfer sheet, Even at a constant velocity collision, the collision pressure is higher than that of gas and a practical collision pressure can be obtained. (Since the density difference from the solid particles is small, it is easy to transport the solid particles.) Therefore, in the case of a liquid, besides the collision pressure of the solid particles, the collision pressure of the liquid can be used as the transfer pressure. A transfer pressure can be applied, and as a result, a large effect can be obtained by molding the transfer sheet by following the surface irregularities of the substrate to be transferred. Further, when a fluid is used as the heating or cooling means when the collision pressure is applied, the liquid has a higher specific heat than the gas, so that a greater heating or cooling effect can be obtained. Also, when the liquid is an electric conductor such as water, explosion-proof measures against electrostatic charging are easier than in the case of a gas.

[Impact Pressure Applied Form] A single ejector can be used depending on the area of the impact pressure applied area, but if the required area is large, a plurality of ejectors are used to impinge on the transfer sheet. The region may have a desired shape. For example, a plurality of rows are arranged in a straight line in the width direction orthogonal to the feeding direction of the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving base material, and a wide and band-shaped collision region is formed in the width direction. Or,
Even if the ejectors 32 are arranged in a zigzag pattern as shown in FIG. 10A or the ejectors 32 are arranged in a line as shown in FIG. May be arranged so as to collide on the upstream side. In the arrangement shown in FIG. 10B, the pressing of the transfer sheet against the transfer base material by the collision pressure starts from the center in the width direction, and is gradually pressed toward both ends in the width direction. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the transfer sheet from adhering to the transfer-receiving substrate while air is held in the central portion in the width direction. When a plurality of the ejectors 32 are arranged in the width direction as shown in FIGS.
It is preferable that the pressurizing regions of the individual ejectors 32 partially overlap each other and are arranged so that pressurization can be performed without fail over the entire width. FIG. 10B shows an example of such an array,
In the figure, a dotted line portion is a pressing area. In order to lengthen the time for applying the collision pressure, a multistage arrangement in which the ejectors are arranged in two or more rows in the feed direction of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred is preferable.

Further, it is not always necessary to make the collision pressures all uniform in the collision area. For example, FIG. 11 shows that the central portion in the width direction orthogonal to the transfer direction of the transfer sheet has the maximum collision pressure,
It is a graph which shows the example of a setting of the mountain-shaped pressure distribution which a collision pressure falls as it goes to both ends in the width direction. This setting is from high pressure (center in the figure) to low pressure (sides in the figure)
To help the pressing progress in a stepwise manner.
However, in the case of the pressure distribution as shown in FIG. 11, the impact pressure on the transfer-receiving substrate is such that the transfer onto the desired uneven surface can be completely performed, and the transfer sheet is distorted due to excessive pressure, and the transfer-receiving substrate Adjust so that it all falls within the proper pressure range where deformation, breakage, etc. do not occur. In the curved surface transfer method using a rubber transfer roller, if the diameter of the center portion of the transfer roller is increased, the center portion can be strengthened in terms of pressure, but the circumferential length differs between the center portion and both end portions. Pressure is applied in contact and transfer sheet transfer cannot be made uniform. The collision pressure is adjusted by controlling the speed of the solid particles colliding from the ejector with the transfer sheet, the number of solid particles colliding per unit time, and the mass of one particle. Of these, to adjust the speed of solid particles, for example, in the case of an ejector using an impeller,
Adjust the number of revolutions of the impeller, the diameter of the impeller, and the like. In the case of an ejector using an ejection nozzle, the opening and closing amount of a valve, the size of the inner diameter of a pipe for conveying solid particles connected to the valve, the fluid pressure (fluid By controlling the velocity of the ejected solid particles and the flow of the fluid, the adjustment is performed by controlling the single particles or the mixture of the fluid and the solid particles.

[Method of Arranging Ejector for Transferring Substrate]
In the case of an ejector using an impeller, the ejection direction of solid particles does not spread in principle in a direction parallel to the impeller rotation axis.
It tends to spread in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis. On the other hand, in the case of the blowing nozzle, the spread of the ejected solid particles is smaller than that in the case of the ejector using the impeller, and even if it spreads, it is usually uniform and isotropic in any direction. The arrangement of the ejectors may be determined in consideration of such characteristics of the ejectors. However, when the size of the desired collision area cannot be obtained with one ejector, a plurality of ejectors may be used.

When a plurality of ejectors are arranged on the transfer surface of the substrate to be transferred, each ejector is parallel to the substrate to be transferred, and the ejection direction of each ejector is the same as that of the substrate to be transferred. Basically, the arrangement is in the line direction. Such a parallel arrangement
This is because the solid particles are caused to collide perpendicularly to the envelope surface of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving substrate, and the collision pressure can be basically and effectively used to the maximum. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, if the envelope surface (the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the transport direction) of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving substrate B is a cylindrical convex curved surface having a circular shape, the plurality of ejectors 32 may be used. And the direction of the ejector is set so that the direction of the ejector is close to the individual collision surface (tangential plane of the convex curved surface) which each ejector 32 mainly serves so that the solid particles collide almost perpendicularly. It is good to arrange in the normal direction of the envelope surface. As described above, the ejection device may be arranged so that the ejection direction of the ejection device is adjusted so that the solid particles collide as vertically as possible in accordance with the uneven shape of the target substrate to be transferred. However, the direction of the ejector need not necessarily be perpendicular to the side surface of the transfer sheet support.
Further, a large number of ejectors may be provided, and some ejectors may be stopped depending on the substrate to be transferred.

[One Form of Continuous Transfer Using Chamber] When solid particles are actually used, it is preferable that the solid particles be circulated and reused without being scattered in the surrounding atmosphere. Therefore, next, as one embodiment of the present invention, a curved surface transfer apparatus that performs continuous transfer while preventing scattering of solid particles and circulating reuse by using a chamber will be described with reference to FIG.

The curved surface transfer apparatus shown in FIG. 13 is an apparatus that uses a long transfer sheet S to sequentially and successively transfer a decorative layer and the like onto a flat transfer substrate B having an uneven surface. This apparatus includes an endless belt 10 for transporting a substrate B to be transferred.
a, a transfer sheet supply means 20 for supplying a transfer sheet S, and a solid particle P ejected from an ejector 32 as a solid particle ejection means in a chamber 33 to support the transfer sheet S on the support body side. And a collision pressure application unit 30 for sequentially applying a collision pressure to the transfer sheet S and pressing the transfer sheet S against the base material B to be transferred. Are provided on both sides in the width direction of the transfer sheet S. The position of the shielding means 1 in the substrate transport direction was on both sides of the collision pressure application area. The ejector 32 uses, for example, the above-described impeller. Of course, a blowing nozzle or the like may be used. The chamber 33 covers at least the opening of the transfer sheet S and the transfer substrate B exposed to the impact pressure, and at least the opening of the ejector 32, except for the entrance of the transfer sheet S and the entrance of the transfer substrate B, and the solid particles P It does not leak into the outside working atmosphere. For this reason, the pressure inside the chamber 33 is preferably made lower (negative pressure) than the outside.

In the curved surface transfer apparatus shown in FIG. 13, since the endless belt 10a made of a continuous body is used for the base material transporting means 10, even if solid particles blown up by an air current are present, the solid particles are transferred by the endless belt. It can be prevented from entering the transfer layer side of the substrate to be transferred. In addition, the substrate transporting means 10 transports the substrate to be transferred B to at least a position facing the ejector 32. In the apparatus shown in FIG.
Thereafter, the base material B to be transferred is transported to the peeling roller 60. The transfer sheet supply means 20 includes the sheet feeding device 2
1, a sheet supporting device 22, a sheet discharging device 23, and other guide rollers 24. The sheet supporting device 22 is provided in the chamber 33 just before the transfer sheet S faces the ejector 32, that is, before the shielding member 1 covers the side surface of the transfer-receiving substrate B (FIG. 13 ( A) is shown by broken lines for easy understanding). Such a sheet support device 22 is appropriately used. The transfer sheet supply means 20 supplies the transfer sheet S to at least a position facing the jetting device 32. In the apparatus shown in the figure, the transfer sheet S is further conveyed to the sheet discharge device 23 via the peeling roller 60 thereafter.

The collision pressure applying section 30 stores a solid particle and supplies it to the ejector 32, a drain pipe 34 which is a return path to the hopper of the solid particle after collision, and separates the solid particle from gas. A separation device 35, a vacuum pump 36 for sucking and exhausting a carrier gas of the collected solid particles, and the like are provided.

The curved surface transfer apparatus of the present invention is provided with at least a solid particle ejection means, a substrate transport means, a transfer sheet supply means, and a shielding means. The apparatus shown in FIG. The sheet heating device 40 to be heated is placed on the upstream side of
The substrate heating device 41 for heating the substrate is disposed upstream of the chamber 33, and the substrate coating device 50 for appropriately applying the adhesive or the undercoating to the substrate B to be transferred is disposed upstream of the substrate heating device 41. Then, the peeling roller 60 is placed downstream of the chamber 33,
A cooling device 70 for cooling by air cooling is provided on the downstream side of the peeling roller 60 on the downstream side of No. 3, and further, a suction / exhaust device 90 for promoting preliminary close contact between the transfer sheet S and the base material B for transfer is provided. Device.

First, in the curved transfer device shown in FIG. 13, the plate-shaped transfer base material B is transferred one by one by the base material transfer device 10, and the adhesive is applied to the entire surface or only the convex portions by the base material coating device 50. And apply to the desired part. If there is a solvent component in the adhesive, the substrate to be transferred B and the adhesive are heated by the next substrate heating device 41 and the evaporated components are evaporated and dried. In addition,
A plurality of the substrate coating devices 50 and the substrate heating devices 41 may be connected to each other, and the undercoating or the sealer coating before the undercoating may be performed simultaneously with the transfer before the adhesive is applied. And
After the transfer substrate B is heated by the heating device 41, it is transported and supplied into the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying unit 30.

The transfer sheet S is tensioned by a transfer sheet supply means 20 including a sheet feeding device 21, a sheet supporting device 22, a sheet discharging device 23, etc., and is unwound from a supply roll set in the sheet feeding device 21. Through the guide roller 24, the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying unit 30
Get in. When an adhesive is applied to the transfer sheet S at the time of transfer, the adhesive is applied by an adhesive coating device (not shown) while the transfer sheet S is supplied from the sheet feeding device 21 to the collision pressure applying unit 30. If you need to coat and further dry the solvent,
After being dried by a drying device (not shown), it is supplied to the collision pressure applying unit.

Further, when the transfer sheet S enters the chamber 33, both sides in the width direction are sandwiched by the sheet support device 22, and the surface on the transfer layer side is directed toward the substrate B to be transferred. A slight space is opened above the transfer-receiving substrate B (in a state where nothing is performed without applying an impact pressure or the like), and the transfer is performed at a constant speed in parallel with the transfer-receiving substrate B, and ejected. Until it is opposed to the container 32, it is conveyed while maintaining the gap between the two. Seat support device 22
Is a transfer sheet S wider than the width of the base material B to be transferred.
And a belt that rotates in accordance with the transfer of the transfer sheet S while nipping both ends of the transfer sheet S. The transfer sheet S is heated and softened by the sheet heating device 40 such as heater heating, infrared heating, dielectric heating, induction heating, hot air heating, and the like while the transfer sheet S is being conveyed to the ejector 32 in the chamber 33, and the collision occurs. The film is easily stretched when pressure is applied. The sheet supporting device 22 prevents the transfer sheet S from being softened by heating and easily stretched, thereby preventing the transfer of the transfer sheet S from being hindered or distorting the pattern. At this time, whether the transfer sheet S is slightly separated or transferred in a contact state with respect to the transfer base material B depends on the shape of the surface irregularities of the transfer base material B, the preheating temperature of the transfer base material B, and the like. The heat transfer property of the transfer sheet S, the activation temperature of the adhesive, and the like are appropriately taken into consideration. In FIG. 13, since the sheet heating device 40 is provided in the chamber, in the case of hot air heating, it is better to reduce the air volume. This is because air is introduced into the chamber 33, which hinders maintenance of a negative pressure in the chamber 33 and agitates the solid particles P as described later. The transfer sheet S is also indirectly heated by the transfer base material B heated by the base material heating device 41 and supplied to the collision pressure applying unit 30. Heating by the sheet heating device 40 can be omitted when preheating of the transfer sheet S is unnecessary.

On the other hand, the solid particles P are supplied from the hopper 31 to the ejector 32 in the chamber 33, where they are accelerated by the impeller as shown in FIGS. I do. At this time, the transfer sheet S, which is wider than the base material B to be transferred, is conveyed in a state where both sides thereof are pressed against the belt-side end of the endless belt 10a by the shielding means 1. Then, the transfer sheet S
Are exposed to the collision of the solid particles P ejected from the ejector 32. The amount of change in the momentum of the solid particles P per unit time at the time of collision is the collision pressure that presses the transfer sheet S against the transfer substrate B. Here, since the envelope surface of the substrate B to be transferred is substantially flat, the solid particles P are mainly made to collide with the support side of the transfer sheet S almost vertically, and the substrate B and the transfer sheet S are conveyed. The entire width of the collision is defined as a collision area. Then, as the transfer base material B and the transfer sheet S are conveyed, the entire region in the longitudinal direction is sequentially exposed to the collision pressure.
At this time, the transfer-receiving base material B is in a state in which two side surfaces parallel to the base material transport direction are covered by both side portions of the transfer sheet S, so that the solid particles P are prevented from contacting. Therefore, when the solid particles P that have collided with the transfer sheet S pass through both sides of the transfer sheet S and fall to the lower part of the chamber 33, the solid particles P are affected by airflow and reflection on the inner wall of the chamber 33. However, it does not come into contact with (collide with) the two side surfaces of the base material B to be transferred.

Then, the transfer sheet S is pressed against the substrate B to be transferred by the solid particle collision pressure, and the transfer sheet S is also extended and deformed into the concave portion on the uneven surface of the substrate B to be transferred.
The transfer layer is formed following the uneven surface shape of the base material B to be transferred, and the activated adhesive makes the transfer layer adhere to the base material B. The transfer-receiving substrate B to which the transfer sheet S is in close contact is cooled by cooling or the like before the collision pressure is released and before the transfer sheet S comes out of the chamber 33.

On the other hand, a part of the solid particles P having been subjected to the collision with the transfer sheet S passes through both sides of the transfer sheet S and falls to the lower part of the chamber 33, and the remaining part is transferred to the transfer sheet S. After being transported to the downstream side while being placed on the support, only the upper part of the substrate transfer device 10 enters the small chamber 71 divided into a separate chamber, where the transfer from the cooling device 70 including a cool air blower is performed. Cold air is blown onto the sheet S and the transfer base material B to blow down the solid particles P remaining on the transfer sheet S toward the drain tube 34, and at the same time, the transfer base material B and the transfer sheet S are transferred to the transfer sheet. S
Is cooled to a temperature at which it can be peeled off.

The solid particles P dropped to the lower part of the chamber 33
Gathers at the lower part of the chamber 33, from which the drain pipe 3
At 4, it is sucked and collected in the original hopper 31. Further, the air in the chamber 33 is also sucked together with the solid particles P by the drain pipe 34 for recovery and transfer of the solid particles P, and transferred to the solid particle P separation device 35. In the separation device 35, as shown in the drawing, the solid particles P conveyed by a gas stream are discharged horizontally into the device cavity, and the solid particles P having a high density with respect to the gas fall down by their own weight, and the gas remains as it is. The remaining solid particles P which flow horizontally and are going to move with the airflow by the filter are filtered, and then discharged out of the system by the vacuum pump 36. In this way, the solid particles P are prevented from flowing out to the surroundings together with air from the entrance opening of the chamber 33 through which the transfer sheet S and the transfer-receiving substrate B enter and exit.

Further, the solid particles P are prevented from flowing out of the chamber 33 system, and the solid particles P are transferred from the chamber 33 to the hopper 31.
In order to prevent backflow to the chamber 33, the pressure inside the chamber 33 may be set lower than the outside pressure. The pressure of the chamber 33 is adjusted by adjusting the amount of gas discharged from the vacuum pump 36, the amount of gas flowing out of the chamber 33 due to the exhaust, etc. The amount of gas entering the chamber 33 together with the solid particles P (particularly, in the case of an ejector such as a blowing nozzle using gas as a solid particle accelerating fluid), and a blower (not shown) connected to the chamber 33 as appropriate This is done by adjusting the balance with the amount of gas to be put into the tank (especially, in the case of an ejector using an impeller).

Then, the transfer-receiving substrate B and the transfer sheet S which are in close contact with each other are cooled by the cooling device 7 on the downstream side outside the chamber 33.
0 and forced cooling by blowing cold air,
The support of the transfer sheet S is peeled off from the base material B to be transferred. As a result, a decorative material D in which a decorative layer or the like is transferred and formed as a transfer layer of the transfer sheet S on the uneven surface of the base material B to be transferred.
Is obtained. On the other hand, the support of the transfer sheet S after passing through the peeling roller 60 is taken up by the sheet discharge device 23 as a discharge roll.

When a blowing nozzle using liquid as a solid particle accelerating fluid is used as an ejector, a dryer is provided upstream or downstream of the cooling device, or also as a cooling device itself, for example. The liquid is dried or blown off by blowing air at room temperature or hot air. When using an ionizing radiation curable resin as an adhesive or the like to cure the resin, an ionizing radiation irradiating device such as a mercury lamp (ultraviolet light source) is provided between the ejector and the peeling roller to cure the resin.

[Method of heating adhesive or the like when using chamber]
As described above, as an embodiment of the present invention, an example in which solid particles collide in a chamber has been described. However, a heating method for activating an adhesive or improving transfer sheet stretchability when the chamber is used will be further described.

The heating means of the transfer sheet is optional, and when the transfer sheet is heated before the collision pressure is applied, for example, heater heating, infrared heating, dielectric heating, induction heating, hot air heating or the like is used. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 13, the heating before the application of the collision pressure is performed immediately before the ejector 32 so as not to be cooled after the heating.
3 is an example in which a sheet heating device 40 is provided in the apparatus 3. However, in the case where the heating is performed in the chamber 33 and hot air heating is used as the heating means (the same applies to the heating of the substrate to be transferred, which will be described later), it is better to reduce the blowing air volume. This is because air is to be introduced into the chamber 33, and the load on the vacuum pump for collecting solid particles is increased, including the case where air is used for accelerating solid particles.

The sheet is heated in the chamber 33 as shown in FIG.
If the elongation does not hinder the sheet conveyance, it may be performed outside the chamber 33 or both inside and outside the chamber 33. The heating may be performed from any of the back side, the front side, and the front and back sides of the transfer sheet S. Note that the sheet heating is preferably performed after the sheet supporting device 22 supports both ends in the width direction. Before that, the sheet is likely to extend in the feed direction or hang down, thereby hindering the transfer.

When a heated solid particle or a fluid for accelerating solid particles is used as the heating means during the application of the collision pressure, the heated fluid can also be used. Further, heating may be performed by dispersing in a gap between the ejectors and providing a heat source. Of course, the heating during and before the application of the collision pressure can be used together, or the heating during the application of the collision pressure alone may be performed.

If the substrate to be transferred is coated with an adhesive or a sealer, and the solvent is dried by heating with a substrate heating device or the like, the substrate to be transferred is heated and then heated. The transfer sheet can also be heated to some extent indirectly from the transfer substrate. Therefore, even if heating of the transfer sheet is necessary, if indirect heating from the substrate to be transferred or heating by the solid particles P or the solid particle accelerating fluid is sufficient, the sheet heating device dedicated to the transfer sheet is omitted. Can also.

Next, the substrate to be transferred may be heated before the collision pressure is applied, during the application of the collision pressure, or before and during the application of the collision pressure. In the case where the transfer sheet is heated to improve the stretchability by heating the transfer-receiving base material, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the heated transfer sheet from lowering. Further, the transfer sheet can be heated from the side of the substrate to be transferred. The substrate to be transferred may be heated outside or inside the chamber, or outside and inside. External and internal heating can be accomplished using long transport distances, even when sufficient preheating is required. If the internal volume of the chamber itself becomes large in order to provide a long substrate heating device inside the chamber, it is better to provide part or all of the substrate heating device outside the chamber and reduce the internal volume of the chamber. However, it is advantageous in terms of handling in consideration of scattering and recovery of solid particles.

The advantage of heating inside the chamber is that the substrate can be heated immediately before the application of the collision pressure or even during the application of the collision pressure. It is effective when trying. In addition, in the case of a substrate heating device that also has a role of evaporating a solvent or moisture in order to dry the coating and the adhesive by the substrate coating device disposed on the upstream side, it is preferable that the substrate heating device be disposed inside the chamber. Absent. A means for exhausting the evaporated solvent or moisture filled in the chamber is required, and in the case of a solvent, it is necessary to consider explosion-proof measures. It is preferable that the substrate heating device for such a purpose be disposed outside the chamber, or even if it is disposed inside, a substrate heating device (drying furnace) for evaporation is separately disposed outside. Of course, if the undercoating is performed on a separate line, it is not necessary to use the substrate heating device as a drying device.

As a means for heating the substrate to be transferred, induction heating and dielectric heating can be performed from the inside of the substrate. On the other hand, heater heating, infrared heating, and hot air heating are more efficient from the uneven surface side. . The substrate to be transferred may also be heated from the back side. If the substrate to be transferred is heated to just before or during the application of the collision pressure after the substrate to be transferred is conveyed to the opening of the chamber, the heating from the back side of the substrate is also preferable from the viewpoint of the apparatus space. As for the heating during the application of the collision pressure, in addition to the heating on the upstream side of the collision pressure application unit, a heat source may be provided dispersedly in the gap between the ejectors (heating through the transfer sheet).

[Forced Cooling of Adhesive] In the case where the adhesive is of the heat-sealing type, if the adhesive is forcibly cooled after the transfer sheet is in close contact with the substrate to be transferred, the formed transfer sheet follows the inside of the concave portion. It promotes the fixation of the sheet, prevents the transfer sheet from returning to its original shape after the pressure is released when the transfer sheet has a restoring force, and allows the transfer sheet (support) to be separated and removed more quickly. In addition, transfer loss can be prevented and the production speed can be improved. For this purpose, during the application of the collision pressure, the cooling solid particles are used without releasing the collision pressure, or when the solid particle acceleration fluid is used, the cooling fluid is used. It is preferable to cool the adhesive layer using cooling means.
When the heat capacity of the transferred substrate is large, in addition to the cooling solid particles and the cooling fluid, the transferred substrate can be cooled from the back surface by spraying a low-temperature fluid and cooling the rollers and belt conveyor for transferring the substrate. . Alternatively, after the cooling in the chamber, the cooling may be performed by blowing cold air from the front or back, or the like, outside the chamber after cooling inside the chamber, or without cooling inside the chamber, only outside the chamber.

[Air Vent] If the adhesive to be the transfer layer or the adhesive layer on the substrate to be transferred is not activated even if heated before application of the collision pressure, or the time before the adhesive is activated If the transfer process can be used, the non-adhesive contact between the transfer substrate and the transfer sheet can be performed, so that the transfer sheet is brought into contact with the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and the gap between the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate is reduced. It is advisable to perform "air bleeding" to forcibly bleed air. By performing the air bleeding, it is possible to prevent "air biting" in which the air between the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving substrate remains at the time of transfer, and further prevent transfer omission due to the air bite. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 13, for example, the air is vented by a suction / exhaust device 90 including a suction / exhaust nozzle 91 and a vacuum pump 92. The suction / exhaust nozzles 91 are provided on the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet S, and on both sides adjacent to both sides along the transport direction of the transferred base material B to be transported,
It is sufficient that the air is provided between the transfer sheet S and the transfer base material B by the vacuum pump 92 and exhausted by providing the transfer base material B in the transport direction of the transfer base material B to the position before the shielding means 1. Suction and exhaust nozzle 9
For example, if the outer periphery of the opening 1 is surrounded by a brush and the tip of the brush is brought into contact with the substrate B to be transferred and the transfer sheet S, air can be vented without hindering their transport. Note that the timing of the air release and the preheating of the transfer sheet may be started first, or both may be started at the same time, depending on the speed at which the transfer sheet is preheated and softened, and the degree of softening.
This air release is effective when the transfer surface of the transfer substrate has an uneven surface such as a rock surface tone or a stucco tone.

[Others] The curved surface transfer method and apparatus of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described matters. For example, the rotating roller 1a of the shielding means 1 may be inclined as shown in FIG. That is, the angle θ (the angle in the xz plane in the figure) in the direction inclined in the substrate transport direction x of the angle formed between the rotation axis of the rotating roller 1a and the perpendicular z of the substrate transport surface advances with respect to the perpendicular z. When the inclination in the direction is defined as positive, the inclination angle θ is preferably set to about 5 ° ≦ θ ≦ 15 °. By setting the inclination angle θ in such a range, generation of wrinkles and distortion of the transfer sheet S can be further reduced as compared with the case where the inclination angle θ is 0 °. In FIG. 14, reference numeral 1b denotes the above-described guide roller for changing the direction of the transfer sheet, and thereby gradually changes both ends of the transfer sheet S from a horizontal plane to a vertical plane. In the description of the apparatus in FIG. 13, the transfer sheet is pressed against the transfer-receiving base material using a long strip-shaped transfer sheet and a single-sheet transfer base material, while both of them are conveyed and moved integrally.
Although the configuration in which the solid particle collision pressure is continuously applied by the fixed ejector is used, a configuration in which both the base material to be transferred and the transfer sheet are supplied in a single sheet form may be used.

The positional relationship between the ejection direction of the solid particles from the ejector and the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred is as follows: both are placed on a horizontal plane, and the solid particles are ejected vertically downward from above. It is not limited to. Even if the ejection direction maintains the vertical relationship with the transfer sheet support surface, the transfer sheet may be placed or transported on a slope (not shown) or in a vertical plane (FIG. 8B) in addition to the horizontal plane. is there. Further, even when the transfer sheet is in a horizontal plane, the solid particles may be ejected and collided from the bottom upward with the support being on the lower side. Of course, the solid particles may be ejected at an angle to the transfer sheet support surface.

Before the collision pressure is applied, the transfer sheet may be preliminarily pressed against the base material by the elastic roller.

When the chamber is filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen and an ionizing radiation-curable resin (before curing) is used for the base coat layer of the transfer layer, oxygen, water vapor and the like in the air are used. May be prevented from inhibiting the curing of the resin.

[Cosmetic Materials] Cosmetic materials obtained by the present invention include exterior materials such as outer walls, fences, roofs, gates, and gable plates, architectural interior materials such as walls and ceilings, window frames, doors, handrails, sills, and Kamoi. Such as fittings,
It can be used in various fields such as a surface material of furniture such as a chest, a cabinet of light electric / OA equipment, and a vehicle interior material such as an automobile.

The surface of the decorative material after transfer may be further coated with a transparent protective layer. Examples of such a transparent protective layer include one or two of a fluororesin such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride, an acrylic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate, a silicone resin, and a urethane resin.
Seeds or the like as a binder, if necessary, benzotriazole, ultraviolet light absorbers such as ultrafine cerium oxide, light stabilizers such as hindered amine radical scavengers,
A paint to which a coloring pigment, an extender pigment, a lubricant, and the like are added is used.
Spray coating, flow coating, etc. are used for coating. The thickness of the transparent protective layer is about 1 to 100 μm.

[0115]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

First, the plan view of FIG.
A transfer-receiving substrate B having three-dimensional surface irregularities as shown in a perspective view of a main part of (B) was prepared. The transferred substrate B has large grooved recesses 401 of joints having a depth of 1.5 mm and an opening width of 5 mm as large irregularities, and a flat convex portion 402 having a brickwork pattern. At a depth of 0.1-0.
This is a 12 mm-thick calcium silicate plate that has three-dimensional surface irregularities that have pear-like fine irregularities 403 distributed in a range of 5 mm, and in which these large irregularities and fine irregularities overlap. Then, undercoating and undercoating were performed off-line on the uneven surface by another device.

The transfer sheet has a thickness of 100 μm on the support.
m, using a polypropylene-based thermoplastic elastomer film, on one side of which a gravure printing of a brick-like pattern having cement joints aligned with the concave-convex surface shape of the transferred substrate B as a decorative layer serving as a transfer layer was sequentially performed. I prepared something. As the binder resin of the picture ink, a mixture of an acrylic resin and a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer in a ratio of 8: 2 (weight ratio) is used. As the coloring pigment, red-bodied pattern, isoindolinone, carbon black, Titanium white was used.

In this embodiment, an apparatus as shown in FIG. 13 was used, and a curved surface transfer apparatus using an impeller as shown in FIGS. The substrate transfer means 10 is a 10 mm-thick silicon rubber endless belt reinforced with cloth, with the transferred substrate B facing up and down.
After being placed on the substrate and conveyed, a solvent-free hot-melt type heat-melting adhesive made of a polyamide-based resin is melt-coated at 30 g / m ² in a substrate coating device 50, and then heated in a substrate heating device. 4
In 1, the adhesive and the substrate to be transferred B were heated and then supplied to the collision pressure applying unit 30. On the other hand, in the transfer sheet S, the joint portion of the picture and the joint-shaped groove-shaped concave portion of the transfer-receiving substrate B are aligned (registered) by the transfer sheet supply device 20 with the support side facing upward. Thus, the pressure was supplied to the collision pressure applying unit 30. When the transfer target substrate B entered the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying unit 30, the transfer sheet S was made to approach the transfer target substrate B. Then, both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet S were sandwiched between the front and back sides by a pair of endless belt-shaped sheet support devices 22. In this state, the sheet heating apparatus 4 using the radiant heat from the heating wire heater from the support side of the transfer sheet S
0, pre-heating of the transfer sheet S, activation of the adhesive, and heating of the transfer-receiving substrate B were performed.

Next, the sheet supporting device 22 moves the transfer sheet S
On the downstream side where both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet are opened.
Outside the both ends of the base material B to be transferred, is pressed by the rotating roller 1 formed by covering the periphery of the iron core with silicon rubber to such a degree that the roller slightly touches the side end of the endless belt 10a. . Then, the transfer sheet S is conveyed to a position immediately below the ejector 32 in a state where the gap between the transfer apparatus S and the transfer sheet S is sealed. At this time, both side edges of the transfer sheet S were set to leave 10 mm outward from the belt side edge.

Next, the solid particles P have an average particle size of 0.4
mm spherical zinc spheres were ejected from the ejector 32 and collided with the support side of the transfer sheet S, so that the transfer sheet S was pressed against the base material B to be transferred. The rotation speed of the impeller of the ejector 32 is 36
At 00 rpm, the ejection speed of the solid particles was 35 m / s. Then, the transfer sheet S is extended to the inside of the concave portion of the joint and heat-fused. Immediately after the transfer sheet S comes out of the chamber 33, the sandwiching of the shielding means 1 is opened, and the cooling device 70 blows cold air to the adhesive. After cooling to below the bonding temperature, the support of the transfer sheet S was peeled off by the peeling roller 60 to obtain a decorative material D. The resulting decorative material D had a pattern transferred thereon following the surface irregularities. Further, adhesion of the solid particles to the side surface portion of the transfer-receiving substrate B due to the back of the solid particles P and detachment of the transfer layer were not observed. Further, on the surface of the transfer layer of the decorative material D, an emulsion paint of polyvinylidene fluoride containing 2% by weight of a benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber is applied to a dry thickness of 10 μm to form a transparent protective layer. A layered cosmetic material was obtained.

[0121]

According to the present invention, a decorative material having a large three-dimensional uneven surface decorated can be easily obtained. Of course, window frames,
Two-dimensional unevenness such as a sash is also possible. In addition to a flat plate material, it is easy to use a wavy shape (envelope surface shape) as a whole, such as a tile, or a convex or concave curved shape Can be obtained. In addition, on the outer side of the non-transferred side of the substrate to be transferred,
Since the transfer sheet is sandwiched between the shielding means and the substrate transport means, it is possible to prevent the solid particles from reaching the side surface. After the solid particles collide with the transfer sheet, they flow into the surrounding airflow or collide with the chamber or other curved transfer device members, etc.
A part thereof reaches the periphery of the side surface of the substrate to be transferred. However, due to the shielding means, even when the adhesive protrudes and is exposed to the side surface portion of the substrate to be transferred and is in an active state, the solid particles remain attached, or the solid particles are removed from the side surface portion. It is possible to prevent the transfer layer from coming off and being caught between the transfer layer and the base material. Therefore, consumption of the solid particles can be suppressed. In addition, it is also possible to transfer on the convex portion of the large irregular surface and inside the concave portion (the bottom portion or the side surface which is the connecting portion between the convex portion and the bottom portion). In addition, a finer uneven pattern (for example,
Even if there is a hairline, satin finish, etc., it is possible to decorate by transferring even into the concave portions of the fine irregularities. Further, unlike the conventional rubber roller pressing method, there is no wear of parts such as the roller due to the concave and convex portions of the substrate to be transferred. As a result, a decorative material having an extremely excellent design property is obtained, which has not been achieved before.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a curved transfer device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part of the curved transfer device.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a rotating roller is inclined in a direction in which the rotating roller comes into contact with a base material.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of an ejector using an impeller.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the ejector of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the inside of the ejector of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for adjusting a jetting direction by the jetting device of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 shows another example of an ejector using an impeller.
(A) is a front view, (B) is a side view.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an ejector using an ejection nozzle.

10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating an example of an arrangement state of the ejectors, in which FIG. 10A is an arrangement view in a state where the ejectors are arranged in a staggered pattern, and FIG. It is an arrangement view of the state where it shifted.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of setting a pressure distribution in the width direction of the collision pressure.

FIG. 12 is a side view showing an example of the direction of the ejector as viewed from the flow direction.

13A and 13B are diagrams illustrating an example of a curved surface transfer apparatus capable of performing the curved surface transfer method of the present invention, in which FIG. 13A is a schematic diagram viewed from the side in the substrate transport direction, and FIG. 13B is an ejector of FIG. Is a schematic view of a portion viewed from a substrate transport direction.

FIG. 14 is a side view showing another arrangement state of the rotating rollers.

FIGS. 15A and 15B are explanatory views showing an example of three-dimensional surface irregularities of a transfer-receiving base material, wherein FIG. 15A is a plan view and FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 shielding member 1 a rotating roller 1 b guide roller 2 ejector 3 chamber 10 substrate transport device (substrate transport device) 10 a endless belt 20 sheet supply device 21 sheet delivery device 22 sheet support device 23 sheet discharge device 24 guide roller 30 collision pressure Application means 31 Hopper 32 Ejector (solid particle ejection means) 33 Chamber 34 Drain pipe 35 Separation device 36 Vacuum pump 40 Sheet heating device 41 Substrate heating device 50 Substrate coating device 60 Peeling roller 70 Cooling device 71 Small chamber 90 Suction Exhaust device 91 Suction / exhaust nozzle 92 Vacuum pump 401 Groove-shaped concave portion 402 Flat convex portion 403 Fine irregularity 812, 812a Impeller 813, 813a Blade 814, 814a Side plate 815 Hollow portion 816 Direction controller 817 Opening 818 Sprayer 819, 81 a rotary shaft 820 bearing 840 ejector 841 induction chamber with outlet nozzle 842 inside the nozzle 843 nozzle openings 844 nozzles S transfer sheet B the transfer substrate P solid particles F fluid D veneer

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hirohisa Yoshikawa 1-1-1, Ichigaya-Kaga-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mitsutoshi Miyakoshi 1-1-1, Ichigaga-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo No. 1 Inside Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Reiko Suga 1-1-1, Ichigaya Kagacho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer is opposed to a transfer layer side of a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer, and solid particles are caused to collide with the support side of the transfer sheet. Utilizing the collision pressure, the transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and after the transfer layer adheres to the transfer substrate, the transfer sheet support is peeled off to remove the transfer layer. A curved surface transfer method for transferring to a substrate to be transferred, wherein the substrate to be transferred is placed and transported on a substrate transport unit composed of an endless belt, and has a peripheral speed synchronized with a transport speed of the substrate transport unit. The transfer sheet is pressed against the belt-side end of the base material transporting means on both sides of the base material to be transferred by the rotating roller and the solid particles collide in a state in which a gap between the transfer sheet and the transfer sheet is sealed. The solid particles behind the transfer layer are While preventing from adhering to the side surface portions of and back portion, the curved transfer method characterized by applying the impact pressure of the solid particles. 2. The transfer layer side of a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer is opposed to the uneven surface side of a transfer-receiving base material having an uneven surface, and solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet. An apparatus used for carrying out a method of transferring a transfer layer to a transfer substrate by pressing a transfer sheet against an uneven surface of a transfer substrate by using the collision pressure, wherein at least (1) Solid particle ejection means for ejecting solid particles,
(2) a substrate transporting means comprising an endless belt for transporting the substrate to be transferred to a position facing the solid particle ejecting means;
(3) a transfer sheet supply means for positioning the transfer sheet between the solid particle ejection means and the transfer-receiving base material; and (4) a rotating roller having a peripheral speed synchronized with a transfer speed of the base material transfer means. Shielding means for pressing the transfer sheet against the belt-side end of the base material transporting means on both sides of the transfer base material to seal the gap therebetween, and A curved surface transfer apparatus characterized in that a collision pressure of the solid particles is applied while preventing the solid particles from adhering to the side surface and the back surface of the substrate to be transferred.