JPH10287098A - Method and apparatus for transferring curved surface - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently manufacture a decorative member having a three- dimensionally uneven surface. SOLUTION: A transfer sheet S having a support and a transfer layer is opposed at its transfer layer side to an uneven surface side of a base material B to be transferred. Solid particles P ejected from an ejector 3 are collided with a support side of the sheet S, and the sheet S is brought into pressure contact with a base material 8 to be transferred by their colliding pressure. Then, in the case of peeling the support to obtain a decorative material, solid particles not collided directly with the sheet are received and reflected at a reflecting part 1a of a reflecting wall 1 provided at an end side of the sheet, collided o the sheet. And, a retaining part 2 extended from the part 1a to the base material side is made to approach the side where the material is not transferred, and the end of the sheet is sandwiched between the part 2 and the material. Thus, scattering of the particles to a part except the support is suppressed, and collision pressure of the particles is applied while suppressing the particles P to be turned to a rear side of the transfer layer side and material side.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to decorative panels for exterior and interior materials of houses, furniture, home appliances and the like, and more particularly to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing decorative panels having a decorative uneven surface.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, decorative boards having decorations such as pictures on a substrate surface of the decorative board by a direct printing method, a laminating method, a transfer method or the like have been used for various purposes. In this case, if the surface of the base material is flat, the decoration of the picture can be easily made, but the decoration of the pattern is applied to the uneven surface by a special device. For example, in the case of a columnar shape such as a window frame or a surface border material, the base material decorative surface is a two-dimensional unevenness (a shape having a curvature only in one direction (a direction perpendicular to the generating line or the height direction) like a cylinder). One applicable curved surface decoration technique is proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895. That is, the technology of the publication is a surface decoration method by a laminating method, in which a surface-coated sheet coated with an adhesive on one side is supplied, while the base material is horizontally conveyed at a speed synchronized with a supply speed of the surface-mounted sheet, and is installed side by side. While maintaining the state in which the end of the facing sheet is not adhered by the large number of holding jigs, the adhesive-applied surface side of the facing sheet is gradually pressed against the base material for each small area, and the It is to be adhered by heating to the material surface. This method is called a lapping method. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-139097 proposes a curved surface decoration technique applicable to the case where the surface unevenness is a three-dimensional unevenness such as an embossed shape (that is, a shape having a curvature in two directions like a hemisphere). Have been. That is, the technology of the same publication is a surface decoration method by a transfer method, a thermoplastic resin film is used as a support of a transfer sheet, and a release layer, a pattern layer, and an adhesive layer are sequentially provided on the support. The transfer sheet is placed on a substrate having an uneven surface, and is pressed from the back surface of the support with a heat roller made of rubber having a rubber hardness of 60 ° or less to transfer a picture, thereby obtaining a decorative plate. Further, a foamed layer which foams by heat during transfer is provided between the support and the release layer, and the foaming is also utilized to follow the uneven surface of the substrate.

[0003]

However, in the above-described conventional method, the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895 can only handle a two-dimensional curved surface. Although the technology proposed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. H08-27139 can handle three-dimensional curved surfaces, it basically uses elastic deformation of the rotating heat roller by rubber to follow the surface irregularities. Not applicable to irregularities. In addition, the soft rubber roller is liable to be worn by the corners of the unevenness of the transfer-receiving substrate. Also,
In a configuration in which the foam layer is provided on the transfer sheet, the transfer sheet becomes too complicated and expensive. In addition, there is a problem that the substrate is limited to a flat substrate as a whole.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a cosmetic material which can be transferred to a large three-dimensional uneven surface and has excellent surface decorativeness, does not require a specially shaped jig, and can be replaced due to wear of parts such as rubber rollers. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for transferring a curved surface, which are unnecessary.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the curved surface transfer method according to the present invention employs, as a means for pressing a transfer sheet including a support and a transfer layer against a transfer-receiving substrate by pressing the transfer sheet. Solid particles collided with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the collision pressure was used. That is, the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet including the support and the transfer layer is opposed to the uneven surface side of the transfer-receiving base material having the uneven surface, and solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the collision pressure Using
The transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and after the transfer layer adheres to the transfer substrate, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off to transfer the transfer layer to the transfer substrate. In addition, when the solid particles are ejected from the ejector and collide with the transfer sheet, the solid particles ejected in a direction that does not directly collide with the transfer sheet are received by a reflection portion of a reflection wall provided at an end side of the transfer sheet. And reflected so as to collide with the transfer sheet. Furthermore, the reflecting wall has a pressing portion extending from the reflecting portion in the direction of the side surface of the substrate to be transferred, and moving the pressing portion closer to the substrate to be transferred, and transferring the pressing portion and the substrate to be transferred. By sandwiching the edge of the sheet, the backing of the solid particles, which travel in a direction other than the transfer sheet and scatter around, are suppressed from reaching the transfer sheet transfer layer side or the transfer substrate side. When backing occurs, the solid particles may remain attached when the adhesive is exposed on the transfer layer surface or the side surface of the transfer-receiving substrate. Further, the curved surface transfer apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus used for performing the curved surface transfer method, and includes at least solid particle ejecting means for ejecting solid particles and solid particles ejected from the solid particle ejecting means. The solid particles that do not directly collide with the transfer sheet are received and reflected by the reflection part of the reflection wall provided on the end side of the transfer sheet so that the solid particles collide with the transfer sheet, and from the reflection part toward the side surface of the substrate to be transferred. The extended pressing portion is brought close to the substrate to be transferred, and the shielding means for sandwiching the end of the transfer sheet between the pressing portion and the substrate to be transferred, and the transfer substrate to a position facing the solid particle ejecting means. The apparatus includes a base material conveying means for conveying, and a transfer sheet supply means for positioning the transfer sheet between the solid particle ejection means and the base material to be transferred.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the method and apparatus for transferring a curved surface according to the present invention will be described below. First, FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating one embodiment of a reflecting wall which is a shielding means as a measure for suppressing backflow of solid particles in the present invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in a direction orthogonal to the transport direction of a long transfer sheet S and a single sheet of a transfer-receiving substrate B transported on a horizontal plane. The base material B to be transferred is also horizontally conveyed by the base material conveying device 10 including a row of rollers and the like. The reflecting wall 1 serving as a shielding means includes a reflecting portion 1a and a reflecting portion 1b. Further, the reflecting wall 1 has a pressing portion 2 at the lower end in the drawing of the reflecting portion 1a. The reflecting portion 1a
It has a vertical (that is, perpendicular to the transfer sheet) reflective surface, and is provided one at each end on both sides in the width direction of the transfer sheet. The reflecting wall 1 has a pressing portion 2 which extends from the reflecting surface of the reflecting portion 1a downwardly. The pressing portion 2 approaches an untransferred side surface of the substrate to be transferred, and sandwiches the end of the transfer sheet S between the pressing portion and the substrate to be transferred. However, the pressing portion is an object that comes close to the substrate to be transferred, and is not an object that strongly presses the transfer sheet on the substrate to be transferred. The end of the transfer sheet sandwiched between the holding part and the base material
When being conveyed, a distance enough to move while contacting the holding portion is set apart. The amount by which the pressing portion is made to approach may be such that the end of the transfer sheet covers at least the side surface of the base material to be transferred. Further, the reflecting wall 1 has a reflecting portion 1a.
Above this, there is provided a reflector 1b as a solid particle ejection means so as to directly cover the entire periphery of the impeller of the ejector 3 using the impeller and adjacent to the reflector 1a of the reflector. The reflector 1b is a type of a jet guide for an impeller, which will be described later. The reflecting portion 1b can prevent solid particles from jumping out of the impeller in a direction other than the desired jetting direction.
The ejector 3 ejects and collides the solid particles P (arrows indicate their tracks) on the support side (upper side of the drawing) of the transfer sheet on the base material to be transferred, and applies the collision pressure to the transfer sheet. Will do. Further, the chamber 4 covers the entire space including the reflecting wall 1 where the solid particles are ejected and collide so that the solid particles do not fly into the surrounding working atmosphere.

By the way, in the case of an ejector, particularly an ejector using an impeller, it is difficult in principle to make the ejection direction completely uniform in one direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, in the case of the ejector 3 in which the impeller rotating shaft is arranged in parallel to the transfer sheet conveying direction, the ejecting direction of the solid particles spreads in the transfer sheet width direction. In the case where the solid particles are spread in the direction of ejecting the solid particles from the ejector and the solid particles are scattered to a portion other than the transfer sheet, if there is no reflecting wall 1 as shown in FIG. And is reflected by colliding with chambers and other equipment members, and further collides with the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet or the side, front or back side of the substrate to be transferred. I do. Then, when the adhesive is protruded and exposed there and is in the active state, the solid particles remain attached. This also leads to the consumption of solid particles. In addition, when solid particles enter between the transfer layer and the substrate to be transferred, the adhesion between the transfer layer and the substrate to be transferred is hindered, and the transfer layer comes off.

Therefore, by using the above-mentioned reflecting wall, the solid particles that have collided with the reflecting portion 1a can be reflected there and collided with the transfer sheet without waste.
In addition, since the transfer sheet S is sandwiched between the pressing portion 2 and the base material B to be transferred, both ends of the transfer sheet are prevented from greatly moving up and down due to the air current and vibration of the transfer sheet accompanying the ejection of the solid particles. Of the transfer sheet between the transfer layer and the substrate to be transferred, and also prevents wrinkles of the transfer sheet and air entrapment between the transfer layer and the substrate to be transferred. In addition, the reflecting portion 1b that directly covers the impeller reflects solid particles scattered around from the rotating impeller, thereby restricting the jetting direction downward on the transfer sheet side. Further, in FIG. 1, the pair of reflectors 1a can be set to move semi-fixedly by sliding in the width direction of the transfer sheet (the direction orthogonal to the transport direction) as indicated by the double-headed arrow in the horizontal direction of the drawing. As a result, the optimum positions of the reflecting portion 1a and the pressing portion 2 can be set in accordance with the width of the transfer sheet or the substrate to be used at each time. For this reason, in FIG. 1, the solid particles are arranged adjacent to each other so that the solid particles do not leak outside from between the separate and independent reflecting portions 1 a and 1 b. Therefore, it is preferable that the reflectors 1a and 1b are slidably contacted with each other. If the reflector 1a is fixed without sliding, the reflector 1
a and 1b may be an integrated product which is continuously integrated with each other. The length of the reflecting portion 1a in the transfer sheet transport direction is at least the ejector portion. The lengths extending upstream and downstream of the ejector in the transport direction are determined by the spread of the solid particle ejection direction in those directions. The transfer sheet, the thing wider than the width of the substrate to be transferred, more preferably,
An object having a width obtained by adding twice the thickness of the substrate to be transferred to the width of the substrate to be transferred or an object having a width larger than that is used. However, if the length is too long, the waste of the transfer sheet increases. Some of the solid particles that have collided with the transfer sheet fall by their own weight between the reflective wall 1a and the transfer sheet and fall below the chamber, but the rest of the solid particles are placed on the transfer sheet to be conveyed and downstream. Collected.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the reflecting portion 1a and the reflecting portion 1b constituting the reflecting wall 1 are separate and independent from each other and are provided separately from each other. Such a form may be used as long as the amount of solid particles scattered upward is small, and even if the solid particles scatter outside the reflective wall, there is little adverse effect.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the reflecting portion 1a is vertical and is perpendicular to the transfer sheet in FIG.
The direction of gravity of the reflection surface of the reflection section with respect to the transfer sheet is not limited to this. For example, the transfer sheet may be a horizontal plane, and the reflection wall may be inclined with respect to the transfer sheet.
Further, the reflecting surface of the reflecting wall may be a curved surface or a two-dimensional curved surface or a three-dimensional curved surface composed of a plurality of planes, in addition to the flat surface. The point is that the angle, direction, and shape of the solid particles reflected by the reflecting wall colliding with the transfer sheet support may be used. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the transfer sheet has a long strip shape, and the transfer sheet has two end portions at both ends in the width direction. Therefore, the reflection portion provided on the end side of the transfer sheet has a pair of reflection walls. became. However, when a quadrilateral sheet is used for the transfer sheet and the base material to be transferred, the transfer sheet has four end portions and four reflection portions (or four reflection portions) corresponding to each end portion. For example, a hollow quadrangular prism-shaped member whose parts are connected and surround four circumferences may be used. In addition, even in the case of a long transfer sheet as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in addition to the end portions on both sides in the width direction of the transfer sheet, the reflecting portions are appropriately formed on the upstream and downstream sides in the conveying direction of the ejector. Can also be provided. The scattering of the solid particles in those directions can be suppressed, and the solid particles scattered in those directions can be suppressed from going behind. If the reflecting wall can be fixedly installed, the reflecting surface may be integrated with the inner wall of the chamber.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

[Substrate to be Transferred] First, as the substrate to be transferred B of the present invention, the surface to be transferred can of course be applied to a flat surface. In particular, the substrate to be transferred has three-dimensional irregularities. Conventional rotary contact holding jig
No. 1-5895) or a transfer roller made of rubber (see the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-13997) essentially has directionality due to the rotation axis thereof, and therefore, the applicable surface irregularity shape is limited. Be constrained. That is, the former is limited to two-dimensional irregularities having a curvature only in one axial direction, and the latter is capable of transferring to three-dimensional irregularities having a curvature in two axial directions, but the three-dimensional shape is in any direction. Cannot be applied homogeneously. For example, unless the longitudinal direction of the wood grain conduit pattern is parallel to the feed direction of the transfer sheet, it cannot be successfully transferred to the concave portion of the conduit. Moreover, in the latter case, the shape of the base material is practically limited to a flat plate shape, and otherwise, it is impossible unless a transfer roller having a special shape tailored to each base material shape is used. However, in the present invention, as described later, since the collision pressure of a group of solid particles that can behave fluidly is utilized, the planar direction of the pressure application region is essentially required for the three-dimensional shape of the surface irregularities. Do not have. (This directionality is the direction of the temporal position change of a point on the transfer-receiving substrate to which pressure is applied.) Therefore, a shape having irregularities in the transfer direction of the transfer sheet or the transfer-receiving substrate is considered. The substrate to be transferred may be used. In other words, it means that the present invention can be applied to two-dimensional unevenness having unevenness only in one direction such as only the feed direction or width direction, and three-dimensional unevenness having unevenness in two directions such as both the feed direction and the width direction. The point that the collision pressure of the solid particles does not have any direction is that the ejector that ejects the solid particles is moved so that the sheet-by-sheet transfer sheet is placed on the substrate to be transferred and pressed into contact one by one. Alternatively, it can be easily understood by considering the manner in which the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving substrate are moved with the ejector fixed to move the region to which the collision pressure is applied.

The substrate to be transferred is not limited to a flat plate material (envelope surface shape) as a whole, but has a two-dimensional unevenness whose cross section is convex or concave in an arc shape and curved in the feeding direction or width direction. The curved surface may have finer three-dimensional surface irregularities. In the present invention, whether to transfer the two-dimensional irregularities having an arc-shaped cross section of the base material to be transferred, for example, in the width direction or in the feed direction is arbitrary in consideration of workability and the like. Can be. Also,
It is also possible to use a substrate to be transferred having an irregular surface having fine irregularities superimposed on large irregularities, or a substrate having a surface to be transferred to the bottom of the concave portion or the inner surface of the concave portion of the irregular surface. The large irregularities and the fine irregularities are, for example, as shown in FIG. 13B, the irregularities of the substrate to be transferred are composed of large irregularities 401 and 402 and minute irregularities 403 on the convex portions 402. The large pattern unevenness has a step of 1 to 10 mm and a width of the recess of 1 to 1
0 mm, the width of the convex portion is 5 mm or more, and the fine unevenness is smaller than the large unevenness in both the step and the width, and specifically, the step is 0.1 to 5 mm.
The width of the concave portion and the convex portion is 0.1 mm or more, and is less than 1/2 of the width of the convex portion having a large pattern. Specific examples of the uneven pattern of the decorative material having a combination of large irregularities and fine irregularities and having three-dimensional surface irregularities include, for example, tiles and bricks having joints and grooves as large irregularities. , Stones and other two-dimensional array patterns, and fine irregularities on the spray-painted surface such as stucco and lysine, as well as stones such as cleaved surfaces of granite and stone surfaces such as travertine marble boards Wood-grained uneven pattern with a contoured pattern, or a large-sized uneven pattern, such as a paneling pattern having grooves, grooves, saury, sane, etc., a floating wood grain pattern, and a conduit groove, a hairline, etc. as fine irregularities thereon Is mentioned. In addition, each surface which forms the uneven surface is not limited to a flat surface, may be a curved surface alone, or may be a combination of a flat surface and a curved surface. Therefore, the curved surface on the substrate to be transferred of the present invention,
It also means a concavo-convex surface that does not have a curved surface composed of only a plurality of planes, such as a tooth profile of a clog. Further, the curvature in the present invention includes a case where the curvature is infinite (the radius of curvature = 0) which is angular like the periphery of a side or a vertex of a cube. In order to make the surface of the substrate to be transferred into a desired unevenness, a pressing process, an embossing process, an extrusion process, a cutting process, a forming process, or the like may be used.

The material of the substrate to be transferred is arbitrary.
Non-porcelain ceramic plates such as calcium silicate plate, extruded cement plate, ALC (lightweight foamed concrete) plate, GRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) plate, veneer veneer, wood plywood, particle board, or wood Wood plates such as medium density fiberboard (MDF), metal plates such as iron, aluminum and copper, ceramics such as ceramics and glass,
A resin molded product such as polypropylene, ABS resin, and phenol resin may be used. When a liquid is used as a solid particle accelerating fluid and solid particles are ejected together with the liquid as described later, a substance that is insoluble and non-absorbable in the liquid is preferable. For example, a metal plate, a resin molded product, ceramics such as ceramics and glass, and the like are used. In addition, these transfer receiving substrate surfaces are coated in advance with an easy-adhesion primer for assisting the adhesion with the adhesive, or a sealer agent for sealing and sealing fine irregularities and porosity on the surface. Is also good. A resin such as an isocyanate, a two-part curable urethane resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, or a vinyl acetate resin is applied as an easy-adhesion primer or a sealer.

[Transfer Sheet] The transfer sheet S is composed of a support and a transfer layer that transfers and transfers. The transfer layer comprises at least a decorative layer. Further, the adhesive may be formed on the transfer sheet as an adhesive layer that becomes a part of the transfer layer. When a liquid is used as the solid particle acceleration fluid and solid particles are ejected together with the liquid, an insoluble substance for the liquid is used for the support and the transfer layer. For example, if the liquid is water, except for the water-soluble resin and the like, it may be appropriately selected and used from materials used as general transfer sheets according to the following. In addition,
As described above, the size of the transfer sheet is wider than the width of the transfer substrate.

(Support) On the support, if the substrate to be transferred has a two-dimensional uneven surface, paper having no stretchability (however, when the solid particle accelerating fluid is a liquid, It is possible to use an insoluble material), but in order to apply the present invention to a three-dimensional uneven surface exhibiting its true value, a stretchable support is used at least at the time of transfer. Due to the stretchability, when the collision pressure of the solid particles is applied, the transfer sheet can be closely adhered and transferred to the inside of the concave portion on the surface of the transfer-receiving substrate. The stretchability of the entire transfer sheet is mainly governed by the stretchability of the support. Therefore, in addition to a conventionally known thermoplastic resin film, a rubber film that can be stretched even at normal temperature can be used as the support.
In the case of a thermoplastic resin film, when forming a transfer layer such as a decorative layer, there is almost no stretchability, and during transfer, a sufficient stretchability is exhibited by heating, and after cooling, the deformed shape is maintained, and the shape due to elasticity is maintained. As a transfer sheet that does not cause restoration, a transfer sheet that can be used in the present invention can be prepared as easily as a conventionally known ordinary transfer sheet. As a specific example of the support, in terms of stretchability, a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, which has been widely used in the past, can provide sufficient and sufficient stretchability by setting heating conditions, collision pressure conditions and the like depending on the surface unevenness. Because it can be expressed, curved surface transfer is possible, but low temperature, low pressure and easy to develop stretchability, for example, polybutylene terephthalate, or copolymer polyester film such as terephthalate isophthalate copolymer, polypropylene film, polyethylene Films, polyolefin-based films such as polymethylpentene films, low-stretch or non-stretch films such as polyvinyl chloride resin films and nylon films, and rubber (elastomer) films such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, urethane elastomers, and olefin-based elastomers Preferred support A. The thickness of the support is usually 20 to 100 μm.

When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, it is also possible to use a resin film which swells but is insoluble with respect to the liquid that comes into contact with the liquid during transfer. As an example of such a swellable and insoluble resin film, when water or an aqueous solution is used as a liquid, see JP-A-54-1.
No. 50208, JP-B-61-3276, etc. are polyvinyl alcohol-based films having an average degree of polymerization of 300 to 3000 and a degree of saponification of 65 to 97 m.
ol%, a film having a thickness of 20 to 100 μm is typical. The support may be provided with a release layer on the transfer layer side, if necessary, in order to improve the releasability from the transfer layer. The release layer is removed together with the support from the transfer layer when the support is released. As the release layer, for example, a simple substance such as a silicone resin, a melamine resin, a polyamide resin, a urethane resin, a polyolefin resin, a wax, or a mixture containing these is used.

If an uneven pattern is provided on the surface of the support that is in contact with the transfer layer, the uneven pattern can be formed on the surface of the transfer layer after transfer. The uneven pattern is, for example,
There are hairline, line-shaped groove, uneven pattern of cleavage face of granite, wood grain conduit groove, wood grain ring pattern, cloth texture surface texture, skin squeezing, characters, geometric pattern and so on. The formation of the concavo-convex pattern is performed by embossing, sandblasting, or hairline processing the resin sheet of the support by hot pressing, or forming the ink (2) using a resin having a releasing property as a binder on the support. Liquid curable urethane, silicone resin, melamine resin, polyfunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer or prepolymer cross-linkable by ultraviolet light or electron beam) to form a desired concavo-convex pattern by silk-screen printing or the like. There is a method of providing a shape layer and using it as a support having a shape layer. The shaping layer has the function of the release layer.

(Transfer Layer) The transfer layer is composed of at least a decorative layer, and a release layer, an adhesive layer, etc. may also be a component of the transfer layer as appropriate. In the configuration having the adhesive layer, it is possible to omit applying the adhesive to one or both of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred at the time of transfer. The decoration layer is gravure printing,
Conventionally known methods such as silk screen printing and offset printing, a pattern layer printed with a pattern or the like with a material, aluminum,
A metal thin film layer or the like in which a metal such as chromium, gold, silver or the like is partially or entirely formed by using a known vapor deposition method or the like. As the pattern, according to the surface irregularities of the transferred substrate, wood pattern, stone pattern, cloth pattern, tile pattern, brick pattern, leather pattern, letters, geometric pattern,
Use solid on the whole surface. The picture layer ink is composed of a vehicle such as a binder, a coloring agent such as a pigment or a dye, and various additives appropriately added thereto. A single material such as an acrylic resin, a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyester resin, a cellulosic resin, a polyurethane resin, a fluororesin, or the like, or a mixture containing these is used for the binder. As the pigment of the colorant, inorganic pigments such as titanium white, carbon black, red iron oxide, graphite, and ultramarine blue, and organic pigments such as aniline black, quinacridone, isoindolinone, and phthalocyanine blue are used. Conventionally, a release layer is provided between the support or the release layer and the decorative layer to adjust the releasability between the decorative layer and to protect the surface of the decorative layer after transfer. This is the same as a known transfer sheet. In addition, this release layer is transferred to the transfer-receiving substrate side together with the decoration layer at the time of transfer,
Cover the surface of the decorative layer. Further, as a means for easily removing air remaining between the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving substrate at the time of transfer, a large number of small holes penetrating all layers of the transfer sheet may be formed in the transfer sheet as necessary. .

[Adhesive] The adhesive may be used as an adhesive layer constituting a transfer layer of a transfer sheet or as an adhesive layer on a substrate to be transferred, before or immediately before transfer, by online coating or offline coating. Apply in. When applied to a substrate to be transferred, the adhesive layer of the transfer sheet transfer layer can be omitted. Even when the adhesive layer is applied to both sides, preferably, the adhesive layer is not provided on the side of the substrate to which the transfer is not desired to be transferred or on the side of the transfer layer opposed thereto. If the adhesive is present on the side surface of the substrate to be transferred, the transfer sheet comes into contact with the side surface by the pressing portion 2 as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the adhesive is in the active state, the transfer layer is transferred to the side surface. The adhesive to be used may be appropriately selected depending on the application, required physical properties, and the like. When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, a substance that is insoluble in the liquid is selected. Examples of the adhesive to be used include a heat-sensitive adhesive, a moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive, a hot-melt adhesive, a moisture-curable hot-melt adhesive, a two-part curable adhesive, an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive, and an aqueous adhesive. Various adhesives such as an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive using an adhesive can be used. When water is used for the solid particle accelerating fluid, a moisture-curable adhesive or an aqueous adhesive should be avoided.
As the heat-sensitive adhesive, any of a heat-sealing adhesive using a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting adhesive using a thermosetting resin can be used. However, from the viewpoint that the bonding is completed in a short time, a heat fusion type (heat-sensitive adhesive) is preferable. The adhesive may be diluted with a solvent or without a solvent, or may be a liquid or a solid at room temperature. In the case of adhesives other than pressure-sensitive adhesives that exhibit tackiness,
The transfer layer can be a single layer of the adhesive layer. If a coloring agent such as a pigment is added to the adhesive layer, it can be said that the entire layer is a decorative layer composed of a solid ink layer.

Examples of the heat-sensitive adhesive include polyvinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, thermoplastic urethane resin, and polyamide obtained by polycondensation of dimer acid and ethylenediamine. A conventionally known adhesive such as a resin can be used. As the thermosetting adhesive, a phenol resin, a urea resin, a diallyl phthalate resin, a thermosetting urethane resin, an epoxy resin, or the like can be used.

A moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is also a kind of heat-sensitive adhesive. The moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is applied immediately before transfer from the viewpoint of work stability, because the curing reaction proceeds with moisture in the air when left to stand naturally. Immediately after transfer, the moisture-curable heat-melt adhesive has the same adhesive strength as a normal heat-melt adhesive, but the cross-linking / curing reaction gradually proceeds with moisture in the air when left naturally, It is excellent in heat resistance without creep deformation and heat melting, and a large adhesive strength can be obtained. However, in order to promote the crosslinking and curing of the adhesive by moisture after the transfer is completed, the decorative board after the transfer is left to cure in air containing moisture. Preferable atmospheric conditions for curing are generally about 50% RH or more in relative humidity and 10 ° C in temperature.
That is all. When the temperature and the relative humidity are both higher, the curing is completed in a shorter time. The standard curing completion time is usually about 10 hours in an atmosphere of 20 ° C. and 60% RH.

The moisture-curing heat-sensitive adhesive is a composition containing a prepolymer having an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal as an essential component. The prepolymer is usually a polyisocyanate prepolymer having one or more isocyanate groups at both molecular terminals, and is a solid thermoplastic resin at room temperature. Isocyanate groups react with each other due to moisture in the air to cause a chain extension reaction, and as a result, a reactant having a urea bond in a molecular chain is generated,
The urea bond further reacts with the isocyanate group at the molecular terminal, causing a biuret bond and branching to cause a crosslinking reaction. Although the skeleton structure of the molecular chain of the prepolymer having an isocyanate group at the molecular terminal is arbitrary, specific examples include a polyurethane skeleton having a urethane bond, a polyester skeleton having an ester bond, and a polybutazine skeleton.
Adhesive properties can be adjusted by appropriately employing one or more of these skeletal structures. If a urethane bond is present in the molecular chain, the terminal isocyanate group also reacts with the urethane bond to form an allophanate bond, which also causes a cross-linking reaction.

Specific examples of the polyisocyanate prepolymer include, for example, an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal obtained by reacting an excess polyisocyanate with a polyol;
There is a urethane prepolymer having a polyurethane skeleton having a urethane bond in a molecular chain. Also, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
No. 14287, a polyester skeleton and a polybutadiene skeleton obtained by adding a polyester polyol and a polyol having a polybutadiene skeleton in an arbitrary order to a polyisocyanate and subjecting them to an addition reaction are bonded by a urethane bond. Crystalline urethane prepolymer having an isolated structure and having an isocyanate group at the molecular terminal, or a molecule obtained by reacting a polycarbonate polyol with a polyisocyanate as disclosed in JP-A-2-305882. A polycarbonate-based urethane prepolymer having two or more isocyanate groups therein, a polyester-based urethane prepolymer having two or more isocyanate groups in a molecule obtained by reacting a polyester polyol and a polyisocyanate, and the like. It is.

As the moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive, other than the above-mentioned various polyisocyanate prepolymers,
In order to adjust various physical properties, various auxiliary materials such as a thermoplastic resin, a tackifier, a plasticizer, and a filler can be further added to the above-mentioned essential reaction components, if necessary. As these auxiliary materials, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer,
Low molecular weight polyethylene, modified polyolefin, atactic polypropylene, linear polyester, thermoplastic resin such as ethylene-ethyl acrylate (EAA), terpene-phenol resin, tackifier such as rosin abietic acid ester, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silica ,
Fillers (extenders) composed of fine powders such as alumina, coloring pigments, curing catalysts, moisture removers, storage stabilizers, antioxidants and the like.

The ionizing radiation-curable resin which can be used as the ionizing radiation-curable adhesive is a composition curable by ionizing radiation. A prepolymer (including a so-called oligomer) having a group and / or a composition which is appropriately mixed with a monomer and which can be cured by ionizing radiation is preferably used. These prepolymers or monomers are used alone or as a mixture of two or more.

The above-mentioned prepolymer or monomer specifically has a radical polymerizable unsaturated group such as a (meth) acryloyl group and a (meth) acryloyloxy group, a cationic polymerizable functional group such as an epoxy group, etc. in the molecule. Consisting of a compound having Further, a polyene / thiol prepolymer based on a combination of polyene and polythiol is also preferably used. In addition, for example, a (meth) acryloyl group is
It means an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group. Examples of the prepolymer having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group include polyester (meth) acrylate, urethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, melamine (meth) acrylate, and triazine (meth) acrylate. The molecular weight is usually 250
Approximately 100,000 are used. Examples of the monomer having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group include monofunctional monomers such as methyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, and phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate. As polyfunctional monomers, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylpropane tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate And dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate. Examples of the prepolymer having a cationically polymerizable functional group include bisphenol type epoxy resins, epoxy resins such as novolak type epoxy compounds,
There are prepolymers of vinyl ether resins such as fatty acid vinyl ethers and aromatic vinyl ethers. Examples of the thiol include polythiols such as trimethylolpropane trithioglycolate and pentaerythritol tetrathioglycolate. Examples of the polyene include those obtained by adding allyl alcohol to both ends of a polyurethane made of a diol and a diisocyanate.

In the case of curing with ultraviolet light or visible light, a photopolymerization initiator is further added to the ionizing radiation-curable resin. In the case of a resin system having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group, acetophenones, benzophenones, thioxanthones, benzoin, benzoin methyl ethers can be used alone or in combination as a photopolymerization initiator. In the case of a resin system having a cationically polymerizable functional group, an aromatic diazonium salt, an aromatic sulfonium salt, an aromatic iodonium salt, a metallocene compound, a benzoinsulfonic acid ester, or the like is used alone or as a mixture as a photopolymerization initiator. be able to. In addition,
The addition amount of these photopolymerization initiators is about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the ionizing radiation-curable resin. In addition, as the ionizing radiation, an electromagnetic wave or a charged particle having energy capable of crosslinking the molecules in the adhesive is used. Usually, ultraviolet rays or electron beams are used, but it is also possible to use visible rays, X-rays, ion beams or the like. As the ultraviolet light source, a light source such as an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, a carbon arc lamp, a black light, and a metal halide lamp is used. As a wavelength of the ultraviolet light, a wavelength range of 190 to 380 nm is usually mainly used. As an electron beam source, various electron beam accelerators such as a Cockcroft-Walton type, a Van degraft type, a resonance transformer type, an insulating core transformer type, or a linear type, a dynamitron type, and a high frequency type are used.
One that irradiates electrons with energy of 1000 keV, preferably 100 to 300 keV is used.

If necessary, a thermoplastic resin such as a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, an acrylic resin or a cellulose resin may be added to the ionizing radiation-curable resin. If used without adding a diluting solvent, it becomes a hot melt adhesive.

When an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive is used, an ionizing radiation irradiating device for irradiating an ultraviolet ray or an electron beam to the curved surface transfer device can be incorporated. The irradiation is performed during, after, or after and after the application of the collision pressure.

Further, various additives may be added to the various resins used for the adhesive, if necessary. These additives include, for example, extenders (fillers) composed of fine powders such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silica, and alumina, and thixotropic agents such as organic bentonite (especially for transfer-receiving substrates having a large uneven step). In this case, the adhesive may be added to prevent the adhesive from flowing into the concave portion from the convex portion.).

To apply the adhesive to a sheet such as a transfer sheet or a substrate to be transferred, a solvent (or dispersion medium) such as water or an organic solvent is used.
In the form of a solution (or dispersion) dissolved (or dispersed) in
Alternatively, a hot-melt thermoplastic composition or a room-temperature liquid uncured resin is applied in the form of a solvent-free resin liquid. As a coating method,
What is necessary is just to apply by the solution coating by a gravure roll coat etc. which are a conventionally well-known coating method, or the fusion coating (melt coating) method by an applicator etc. When used without adding a diluting solvent, solvent drying is unnecessary. For example, heat-sensitive adhesives can be used as solventless hot-melt adhesives, respectively. In addition, an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive or the like can be applied without a solvent. When used as a hot-melt adhesive, there is no solvent, so solvent drying is unnecessary even immediately before transfer, and high-speed production is possible. The amount of the adhesive applied varies depending on the composition of the adhesive, the type of the substrate to be transferred, and the surface condition.
Usually, it is about 10 to ²⁰⁰ g / m ² (solid content).

In the case where the adhesive is used as a hot melt adhesive, and when the transfer sheet is further modified to follow the irregular shape of the substrate to be transferred and transferred, the support of the transfer sheet is necessarily made of polypropylene. It is necessary to select a material exhibiting thermoplasticity or rubber elasticity at room temperature or in a heated state, such as a thermoplastic resin sheet such as a system resin. However, from another viewpoint, a material having low heat resistance should be selected for the support. Means that you don't get it. Therefore, when the adhesive is melt-coated to form a transfer sheet, when the adhesive layer is thickly applied, the support is softened by heat during the melt coating, and the adhesive is heated in an adhesive coating apparatus. The sheet may stick to the applicator roller and may be stretched, distorted, or entangled by dragging. Therefore, in such a case, the transfer sheet may be formed by applying an adhesive via a release sheet (separator) instead of directly applying the adhesive to the sheet by melt coating. That is, the adhesive is heated and melt-coated on a release sheet having heat resistance and release properties, and then the release sheet and the sheet to be the transfer sheet are temporarily laminated by a nip roller or the like with the applied adhesive. Then, by peeling only the release sheet from the sheet by a peeling roller or the like,
The transfer sheet having the adhesive layer formed thereon can be obtained by reducing heat damage to the sheet. The release sheet does not need to be stretchable. A heat-resistant resin sheet such as biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate sheet, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, or polyimide, or paper is used as a base material. For example, a conventionally known release sheet subjected to a release treatment by such coating can be used. The thickness of the release sheet is usually about 50 to 200 μm.

A heat-sensitive adhesive is used as the adhesive.
The timing of heating to activate and thermally fuse the adhesive may be before applying the collision pressure, during the application of the collision pressure, or before and during the application of the collision pressure. The heating of the adhesive is performed by heating the transfer sheet or the substrate to be transferred. The material (transfer sheet or transfer substrate) to which the adhesive has been applied may be heated,
The material to which the adhesive is not applied may be heated, or both materials may be heated. Further, for the heating during the application of the collision pressure, heated solid particles or a fluid for accelerating the solid particles may be used as the heating fluid. On the other hand, if the transfer sheet follows the surface shape of the substrate to be transferred and is formed, and the adhesive is sufficiently activated, cooling of the adhesive may be promoted by cooling means such as cold air. Cold air is blown from the transfer sheet side or the transfer-receiving substrate side. In addition, cooling solid particles and cooling fluid can also be used as cooling means. The promotion of cooling also prevents the transfer sheet formed following the inside of the concave portion of the concave-convex surface of the transfer-receiving substrate from returning to the case where there is a restoring force after releasing the collision pressure. (Hereafter, following the next document file)

[Solid Particles] As the solid particles P, glass beads, ceramic beads, calcium carbonate beads, alumina beads, zirconia beads, corundum beads,
Non-metallic inorganic particles that are inorganic powders such as alundum beads,
Iron, carbon steel, iron alloys such as stainless steel, aluminum,
Or metal particles such as metal alloys such as aluminum alloys such as duralumin, titanium and zinc, or fluorine resin beads, nylon beads, silicone resin beads, urethane resin beads, urea resin beads, phenol resin beads,
Organic particles such as resin beads such as crosslinked rubber beads can be used. When liquid water is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, the solid particles are preferably non-metals such as stainless beads, glass beads, ceramic beads, and resin beads that do not rust or corrode with water. The shape is preferably spherical, but other shapes such as spheroids and scales can also be used. The particle size of the solid particles is usually 10 to 1000
It is about μm.

Incidentally, the solid particles can also serve as a heating means and a cooling means. When heated solid particles are used, the activation of the adhesive by heating and the promotion of crosslinking and curing thereof, or the improvement of the stretchability by heating the transfer sheet can be performed together with the pressing of the transfer sheet. In this case, the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred may be heated to some extent by another heating method before the application of the collision pressure. For the purpose of promoting cooling after bonding, solid particles having a temperature lower than the temperature of the adhesive at the time of bonding can be used as the cooling solid particles. The solid particles may be used in combination with a part or all of the solid particles as heated solid particles or cooled solid particles, or after the heated solid particles collide with the cooled solid particles.
In addition, the transfer sheet, the base material to be transferred, the adhesive, etc., which need to be heated by another heating method, are sufficiently heated, and the cooling solid particles are used for the formation, adhesion and cooling of the transfer sheet. It can be done at the same time. In order to cool or cool the solid particles, when the storage of the solid particles is stored in a tank such as a hopper or the like, a heating means, a cooling means, or the like provided by an electric heater, heated steam, or a refrigerant provided in the tank or on the outer wall of the tank. You can do it in Further, these means may be provided on the outer wall of the solid particle transport pipe, and heating or cooling may be performed in the transport pipe. Alternatively, when a fluid is used for accelerating the solid particles, a cooled or heated fluid may be used to cool or heat the solid particles by heat conduction from the fluid. In this case, by causing the fluid to collide with the transfer sheet, the fluid can be used as a heating or cooling unit together with the solid. Alternatively, when the fluid is a liquid and a tank for storing solid particles together with the liquid is used, the solid particles and the liquid may be cooled and heated during storage.

[Application of Impact Pressure by Solid Particles] In order to strike the solid particles against the transfer sheet and apply the impact pressure to press the transfer sheet against the substrate to be transferred, the solid particles are ejected from the solid particle ejection means for ejecting the solid particles. The particles are ejected toward the transfer sheet, and an impact pressure is applied to the transfer sheet. As the solid particle ejecting means, for example, an ejector using a rotating impeller (see FIGS. 3 to 7) or an ejector using an ejection nozzle (see FIG. 8) is used as a particle accelerator. The ejector using the impeller accelerates and ejects solid particles by rotation of the impeller. The ejector using the ejection nozzle accelerates and transports solid particles with a high-speed fluid flow using a solid particle acceleration fluid, and ejects the solid particles together with the fluid. Sandblasting, shot blasting, shot peening and the like used in the blasting field can be used for the impeller and the blowing nozzle. For example, a centrifugal blast device is used for the impeller, and a pressurized or suction blast device, a wet blast device, or the like is used for the blowing nozzle. The centrifugal blast device accelerates and ejects solid particles by the rotational force of the impeller. A pressurized blasting device ejects solid particles together with air while being mixed with compressed air. The suction-type blast device sucks solid particles into a negative pressure portion generated by a high-speed flow of compressed air, and ejects the solid particles together with the air. The wet blast device mixes and ejects solid particles with a liquid. In addition to the blowing nozzle and the impeller, a method of accelerating solid particles using free fall due to gravity, a method of accelerating magnetic particles by a magnetic field, and the like can be adopted as the solid particle ejecting means. is there. In the case of an impeller, a gravitational force, and a magnetic field ejecting means using a magnetic field, the solid particles can be ejected toward the transfer sheet in a vacuum.

[Impeller] FIGS. 3 to 6 show conceptual diagrams of an example of an impeller which can be used as a particle accelerator of an ejector. These correspond to centrifugal blasting devices used in the blasting field. In the drawing, the impeller 812 has a plurality of blades 813 fixed on both sides by two side plates 814, and a rotation center portion is a hollow portion 815 without the blades 813. Further, the direction controller 8 is provided in the hollow portion 815.
16 are inherent. The direction controller 816 has an opening 817 that is partially open in the circumferential direction, has a hollow cylindrical shape, and has the same rotation axis as the rotation axis of the impeller 812, and rotates independently of the impeller. It is free. In use, the direction controller 816 fixes the opening 817 in a predetermined direction. Further, inside the directional controller, an impeller 812
Another impeller having the same rotation axis as the above rotation axis is included as a sprayer 818 (see FIG. 5). The spreader 818 rotates with the outer impeller 812. A rotating shaft 819 is fixed to the center of rotation of the side plate 814. The rotating shaft 819 is rotatably supported by a bearing 820 and is driven and rotated by a rotating power source (not shown) such as an electric motor.
12 rotates. The rotating shaft 819 does not penetrate between the two side plates 814 having the blades 813 therebetween, and forms a space without a shaft. Then, the solid particles P are supplied into the sprayer 818 from a hopper or the like through a transport pipe. Usually, the solid particles are supplied from above (directly above or obliquely above) the impeller. The solid particles supplied into the sprayer are scattered outward by the impeller of the sprayer. The scattered solid particles are emitted only in the direction allowed by the opening 817 of the direction controller 816, and the blades 813 of the outer impeller 812 are discharged.
And between the blades 813. And the feather 813
, And is accelerated by the rotational force of the impeller 812 and squirts from the impeller.

The ejection direction of the solid particles is shown in FIGS.
, But may be horizontal or obliquely downward (not shown). FIG. 6 (A) and FIG. 6 (B)
6A and 6B are conceptual diagrams of the ejection direction control for adjusting the ejection direction of the solid particles by setting the direction of the opening 817 of the direction controller 816 (in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the direction controllers are at the illustrated positions, respectively). Fixed). Note that the direction controller 816
By adjusting the size of the opening in the circumferential direction and the width direction, the ejection amount of solid particles can also be adjusted. In FIG. 4, the rotating shaft 819 is configured to be only outside the side plate 814 and not penetrate to the hollow portion 815. A configuration may be adopted in which the inside of a hollow cylindrical rotary shaft having an opening through which solid particles pass through is formed as a hollow part (not shown). The shape of the wing 813 is
A rectangular flat plate (a rectangular parallelepiped) as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 is typical, but a curved curved plate, a propeller shape such as a screw propeller or the like can also be used. I do. The number of blades is usually selected from a range of 2 to 10 blades. By the combination of the shape, number, rotation speed, mass and supply speed and supply direction of the solid particles, and the opening size and direction of the direction controller, the ejection direction of the accelerated solid particles, the ejection speed, Adjust the projection density, ejection angle, etc.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the impeller. The impeller 812a shown in the drawing has a structure in which a plurality of flat blades 813a are fixed on both sides by two side plates 814a. Usually, the solid particles P are supplied from above (directly above or obliquely above) the impeller. Also, the side plate 814
a also regulates the jetting direction in the width direction with respect to the rotating shaft 819a. The ejection direction of the solid particles can be vertically downward (not shown), horizontal (FIG. 7), obliquely downward (not shown), or the like. By the combination of the shape, number, rotation speed, mass and supply speed and supply direction of the solid particles of the impeller, the ejection direction of the accelerated solid particles, the ejection speed, the projection density,
Adjust the divergence angle etc. In addition, the above-described impeller 81
2, 812a, etc., if necessary,
By providing an ejection guide (not shown) that opens only the ejection and extraction portion of solid particles and covers the periphery of the other impeller,
The ejection direction of the solid particles can be aligned, and the ejection direction of the solid particles can be controlled. The shape of the opening of the ejection guide is, for example, a hollow cylindrical shape, a polygonal column shape, a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a fish tail shape, or the like. The ejection guide may have a single opening, or may have an interior partitioned into a honeycomb shape.

The dimensions of the impellers such as the impellers 812 and 812a are usually about 5 to 60 cm in diameter, and the width of the impeller is 5 to 20c.
m, the length of the impeller is about the diameter of the impeller, and the rotation speed of the impeller is about 500-5000 [rpm]. The ejection speed of the solid particles is about 10 to 50 [m / s], and the projection density is about 10 to 150 [kg / m ² ].

The material of the blades of the impeller may be appropriately selected from ceramics, metals such as steel, high chromium cast steel, titanium, and titanium alloy depending on the type of solid particles. Solid particles are accelerated by contact with the blades, so when metal beads or inorganic particles are used as solid particles, the particles are hard, so if the blades are made of high chromium cast steel or ceramic with good wear resistance, good. When resin beads are used for solid particles, they are softer than metal particles.
Steel may be used.

[Blowing Nozzle] FIG. 8 shows a conceptual diagram of an example of a blowing device 840 using a blowing nozzle as a solid particle blowing means for blowing solid particles together with a fluid. Note that the ejector 840 shown in the figure uses gas as a solid particle accelerating fluid,
It is an example of an ejector in a form in which the gas and the solid particles are mixed and ejected when the solid particles are ejected. The ejector 840 shown in the figure includes an induction chamber 841 for mixing the solid particles P and the fluid F, and an induction chamber 8
The nozzle 41 includes an internal nozzle 842 for ejecting the fluid F into the nozzle 41, and an ejection nozzle 844 for ejecting the solid particles P and the fluid F from the nozzle opening 843. Compressor or blower (not shown)
Fluid F sent from a pressure tank (not shown)
Is ejected from the nozzle 844 of the nozzle 844 by jetting from the internal nozzle 842 through the induction chamber 841, a negative pressure is created by the action of the fluid flow flowing at high speed in the induction chamber 841 in the ejector. The negative pressure guides and mixes the solid particles into the fluid flow, accelerates and transports the solid particles with the fluid flow,
44 is ejected together with the fluid flow from the nozzle opening 843. It should be noted that the blowing nozzle includes a blowing nozzle using a liquid as a solid particle accelerating fluid. For liquids,
For example, a pump (not shown, when the fluid is a liquid) mixes and stores the fluid and the solid particles in a pressurized tank (not shown), and ejects the mixed solution from the nozzle opening of the blowing nozzle. used.

As the shape of the nozzle opening, a hollow cylindrical shape, polygonal column shape, conical shape, polygonal pyramid shape, fish tail shape or the like is used. The blowing nozzle may have a single opening, or may have an inside partitioned into a honeycomb shape. Fluid pressure is spraying pressure, usually 0.1-100k
g / cm ² . The flow velocity of the fluid flow is usually about 1 to 20 m / sec for the liquid flow, and is usually about 5 to 80 m / sec for the air flow. The material of the ejector such as the induction chamber and the nozzle is made of solid particles, such as ceramic, steel, titanium, titanium alloy, etc.
What is necessary is just to select suitably according to the kind of fluid. If the fluid is a liquid, select a material that does not cause rust, dissolution, corrosion, etc. For example, if the fluid is water, stainless steel, titanium, a titanium alloy, a synthetic resin, or ceramic is used. However, steel or the like may be used if the surface is waterproofed. Since the solid particles pass through the inner wall of the ejector, when metal beads or inorganic particles are used as the solid particles, the particles are hard, and therefore, a ceramic having good wear resistance is preferably used. When resin beads are used as solid particles, stainless steel may be used because they are softer than metal particles.

[Fluid] The fluid F is used as a solid particle accelerating fluid when the solid particles are accelerated and conveyed by the fluid flow and the solid particles are ejected together with the fluid from the solid particle ejecting means (eg, an ejection nozzle). . The fluid F is a solid particle acceleration fluid for accelerating the solid particles. As the fluid, both gas and liquid can be used, but usually, gas which is easy to handle is used. Air is a typical gas, but carbon dioxide,
Nitrogen or the like may be used. Although the liquid is not necessarily limited, water is one of the preferred materials because of its nonflammability, ease of drying, non-toxicity, low cost, availability, and the like. In addition,
Nonflammable liquids such as chlorofluorocarbon, glycerin, and silicone oil can also be used. A liquid (as well as a gas) can be impinged on the transfer sheet along with the solid particles. Naturally, liquid has a higher density than gas, so liquid is easier to accelerate when solid particles are accelerated by a fluid flow than gas, and when liquid collides with a transfer sheet, Even at the same collision speed, the collision pressure is higher than that of gas and a practical collision pressure can be obtained. (Since the difference in density from the solid particles is small, the solid particles can be easily transported.) Therefore, in the case of a liquid, in addition to the collision pressure of the solid particles, the collision pressure of the liquid can be used as the transfer pressure. A transfer pressure can be applied, and as a result, a large effect can be obtained by molding the transfer sheet by following the surface irregularities of the substrate to be transferred. Further, when a fluid is used as the heating or cooling means when the collision pressure is applied, the liquid has a higher specific heat than the gas, so that a greater heating or cooling effect can be obtained. In addition, when the liquid is an electric conductor such as water, explosion-proof measures against electrostatic charging are easier than in the case of a gas.

[Collision Pressure Applied Form] Although only one jetting device can be used depending on the area of the collision pressure applying area, if the required area is large, a plurality of ejectors are used to eject solid particles colliding with the transfer sheet. Preferably, the collision area has a desired shape. For example, a plurality of rows are arranged in a straight line in the width direction perpendicular to the feeding direction of the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving base material to form a wide and band-shaped collision region in the width direction. 9 (A) is a staggered arrangement, and FIG. 9 (B) is a single-row arrangement, but the center in the width direction is arranged so as to collide on the upstream side in the feed direction. It is. FIG.
In the arrangement (B), the pressing of the transfer sheet against the transfer-receiving substrate by the collision pressure starts from the center in the width direction and is sequentially pressed toward both ends in the width direction. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the transfer sheet from closely adhering to the transfer-receiving substrate while holding the air in the center in the width direction. When a plurality of ejectors are arranged in the width direction as shown in FIG. 9, it is preferable that the pressurizing regions of the individual ejectors are partially overlapped with each other so that the ejectors are arranged so as to be able to pressurize the entire width. FIG. 9B shows an example of such an arrangement. In the figure, the dotted line indicates the pressure area. In addition, in order to lengthen the collision pressure application time,
It is preferable that the ejectors are arranged in two or more rows in the feed direction of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred.

Further, it is not always necessary to make the collision pressure all uniform in the collision area. FIG. 10 shows a setting example of a mountain-shaped pressure distribution in which the central portion in the width direction orthogonal to the transfer direction of the transfer sheet has the maximum collision pressure, and the collision pressure decreases toward both ends in the width direction. This setting assists the pressure welding to proceed in a stepwise manner from a place where the pressure is high (the center part in the figure) to a place where the pressure is low (the both sides in the figure). However, in the case of a pressure distribution as shown in FIG. 10, the impact pressure on the substrate to be transferred is such that the transfer to the desired uneven surface can be completely performed, the transfer sheet is distorted due to excessive pressure, and the transfer Adjust so that it is all within the appropriate pressure range that does not cause deformation or breakage of the material. In the curved surface transfer method using a rubber transfer roller,
If the diameter of the central part of the transfer roller is made large, the central part can be strengthened in terms of pressure, but the circumferential length differs between the central part and both ends. Can not do. The collision pressure is adjusted by controlling the speed of the solid particles colliding from the ejector with the transfer sheet, the number of solid particles colliding per unit time, and the mass of one particle. Among these, in order to adjust the speed of the solid particles, for example, in the case of an ejector using an impeller, the rotation speed of the impeller,
Adjust with the diameter of the impeller. In the case of an ejector using an ejection nozzle, the opening and closing amount of a valve, the size of the inner diameter of a pipe for conveying solid particles connected to the valve, the fluid pressure (fluid By controlling the velocity of the ejected solid particles and the flow of the fluid, the adjustment is performed by controlling the single particles or the mixture of the fluid and the solid particles.

[Method of arranging ejector with respect to substrate to be transferred]
In the case of an ejector using an impeller, the ejection direction of solid particles does not spread in principle in a direction parallel to the rotation axis of the impeller, but tends to spread in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. On the other hand, in the case of the blowing nozzle, the spread of the ejected solid particles is smaller than that in the case of the ejector using the impeller, and even if it spreads, it is usually uniform and isotropic in any direction. The arrangement of the ejectors may be determined in consideration of such characteristics of the ejectors. However, when the size of the desired collision area cannot be achieved with one ejector, a plurality of ejectors may be used. Like this
When a plurality of ejectors are arranged with respect to the surface to be transferred of the substrate to be transferred, each ejector is parallel to the substrate to be transferred, and the ejection direction of each ejector is in the normal direction of the substrate to be transferred. The basic arrangement is as follows. This is because such a parallel arrangement allows the solid particles to collide perpendicularly to the envelope surface of the surface to be transferred of the substrate to be transferred, and basically allows the collision pressure to be used most effectively. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, if the envelope surface (the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the transport direction) of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving substrate B is a cylindrical convex curved surface having a circular shape, a plurality of ejectors can be used. 32, and the direction of the ejector is set so that the direction of the ejector is close to the individual collision surface (tangent plane of the convex curved surface) which each ejector mainly serves so that the solid particles collide almost perpendicularly. It is good to arrange in the normal direction of the envelope surface. In this manner, the ejector may be arranged so that the ejecting direction of the ejector is such that the solid particles collide as perpendicularly as possible according to the uneven shape of the target substrate to be transferred. However, the direction of the ejector need not necessarily be perpendicular to the side surface of the transfer sheet support. Further, a large number of ejectors may be provided, and some ejectors may be stopped depending on the substrate to be transferred.

[One Form of Continuous Transfer Using Chamber] When solid particles are actually used, it is preferable that the solid particles are not scattered in the surrounding atmosphere and are circulated and reused. Then, next, as an embodiment of the curved surface transfer method of the present invention, a conceptual diagram of one embodiment of the curved surface transfer device of the present invention which performs continuous transfer while preventing scattering and circulating reuse of solid particles by using a chamber. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to FIG.

The apparatus shown in the figure is an apparatus which uses a long transfer sheet S to successively and successively transfer a decorative layer and the like to a flat substrate B having an uneven surface. The apparatus includes a substrate transporting device 10 that transports a substrate to be transferred B as a substrate transporting device, a sheet feeding device 20 that feeds a transfer sheet S as a sheet feeding device, and solid particles P in a chamber 33. A collision pressure application unit 30 is a collision pressure application unit that ejects a jet from an ejection unit 32 that is a particle ejection unit, collides with a support side of a transfer sheet to sequentially apply a collision pressure, and presses the transfer sheet against a transfer target substrate. The collision pressure applying unit 30 includes a pair of reflective walls 1 as the above-described shielding means at both sides in the width direction of the transfer sheet in the ejector portion in the chamber 33 (in FIG. 12A, it is easy to understand). , And is drawn with a dashed line with diagonal hatching). Also, reflection wall 1
The lower part is a holding part 2 (see FIG. 12B). In the apparatus shown in FIG.
The reflector 1b that directly covers the impeller is not shown. This is because the reflector 1b for the impeller can be omitted in the case of an ejector such as an ejection nozzle. The ejector 32
For example, one using the above-described impeller. Of course, a blowing nozzle or the like may be used. The chamber 33 covers the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate exposed to the impact pressure, at least the opening of the ejector, and the reflection wall from outside, except for the entrance of the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate, and allows the solid particles to work outside. We do not let it leak into the atmosphere. For this reason, the pressure inside the chamber is preferably made lower (negative pressure) than outside. The substrate transporting device 10 as a substrate transporting unit is configured by a driving rotary roller row for transport, an endless track type conveyor belt, and the like. As the conveyor belt, for example, an endless belt made of a continuous body of a rubber film reinforced with cloth or the like is used. The endless belt made of a continuous body has a belt covering the back surface even if the solid particles come back to the space on the back surface side of the transfer substrate, so that the solid particles adhere to the back surface of the transfer substrate. Can be prevented. The substrate transporting unit transports the substrate to be transferred at least to a position facing the ejector. In the apparatus shown in the figure, the substrate is further transported to the peeling roller 60 thereafter. Sheet feeding device 20 as sheet feeding means
Is composed of a sheet feeding device 21, a sheet supporting device 22, a sheet discharging device 23, and other guide rollers. The sheet supporting device 22 is provided in the chamber just before the transfer sheet is opposed to the ejector, that is, before the transfer sheet is pressed against the base material by the pressing portion 2 of the reflection wall 1 (FIG. 12).
(A) is shown by a broken line for easy understanding.) A sheet supporting device is used as appropriate. The sheet supply means is
The transfer sheet is supplied at least to a position facing the ejector. In the apparatus shown in FIG. A collision pressure application unit 30 serving as a collision pressure application unit includes a reflection wall 1 as a shielding unit, a hopper 3 that stores solid particles and supplies the solid particles to an ejector 32.
1. A jetting device 32, a chamber 33, a drain pipe 34 which is a return path to a hopper of solid particles having a collision pressure, a separating device 35 for separating solid particles from gas, and a vacuum pump 36 for sucking and exhausting a carrier gas of collected solid particles. Etc. are provided.

The curved transfer device of the present invention is provided with at least the above-mentioned solid particle ejection means, transfer sheet supply means, substrate conveying means, and shielding means. A heating device 40 is provided on the upstream side of the ejector in the chamber, a substrate heating device 41 for heating the substrate to be transferred is provided on the upstream side of the chamber, and a base for appropriately applying an adhesive or undercoating the substrate to be transferred. A material coating device 50 is provided on the upstream side of the substrate heating device, a peeling roller 60 is provided on the downstream side outside the chamber, and a cooling device 70 by air cooling is provided on the downstream side of the chamber and on the upstream side of the peeling roller. The apparatus also includes a suction / exhaust device 90 for promoting preliminary close contact with the base material.

First, in the apparatus shown in the figure, a plate-shaped substrate to be transferred B is transported one by one by a substrate transport device 10, and the adhesive is applied by the substrate coating device 50 onto the entire surface or only the convex portions. Apply to desired parts. If the adhesive has a solvent,
The substrate to be transferred and the adhesive are heated by the next substrate heating device 41, and the evaporated components are evaporated and dried. Note that a plurality of the substrate coating devices 50 and the substrate heating devices 41 may be connected to each other, and the undercoating or the sealer coating before the undercoating may be performed simultaneously with the transfer before the adhesive is applied. Then, after the transfer substrate B is heated by the heating device 41, the collision pressure application unit 3
0 is conveyed and supplied into the chamber 33.

The transfer sheet S is tensioned by a sheet feeding device 20 including a sheet feeding device 21, a sheet supporting device 22, a sheet discharging device 23, etc., and is unwound from a feeding roll set in the sheet feeding device 21. It enters the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying unit 30 via the guide roller. When applying the adhesive to the transfer sheet during transfer,
The transfer sheet is fed from the sheet feeding device 21 to the collision pressure applying unit 30.
When the adhesive is applied by an adhesive coating device (not shown) while the solvent is being supplied, and the solvent is required to be further dried, the drying device (not shown) is dried and then supplied to the collision pressure applying section. I do.

Further, when the transfer sheet S enters the chamber 33, the both sides in the width direction are sandwiched by the sheet supporting device 22, and the surface on the transfer layer side is directed to the transferred base material B side. A space is slightly opened above the transfer-receiving substrate B (in a state where nothing is performed without applying a collision pressure or the like), and the transfer is performed at a constant speed in parallel with the transferred transfer-receiving substrate B and ejected. Until facing the container, it is transported while maintaining the gap between the two. The sheet supporting device 22 includes a belt or the like that rotates in accordance with the transfer of the transfer sheet while sandwiching both ends of the transfer sheet having a width wider than the width of the base material. Then, while being nipped and conveyed by the sheet supporting device, the sheet heating device 40 using heater heating, infrared heating, dielectric heating, induction heating, hot air heating, or the like.
Then, the transfer sheet is heated and softened, and is easily stretched when a collision pressure is applied. In the sheet supporting device, the transfer sheet is softened by heating and easily stretched, which hinders sheet conveyance,
This is to prevent the picture from being distorted. At this time, whether the transfer sheet is slightly separated or transferred in a contact state with respect to the transfer base material depends on the shape of the surface irregularities of the transfer base material, the preheating temperature of the transfer base material, and the transfer sheet. The selection is made by appropriately considering the heat deformability, the activation temperature of the adhesive, and the like. Since the sheet heating device is provided in the chamber in the figure, it is better to reduce the air volume in the case of hot air heating. This is because air enters the chamber, hinders the maintenance of a negative pressure in the chamber and agitates the solid particles as described later. The transfer sheet is also indirectly heated by the transferred substrate that is heated by the substrate heating device and supplied to the collision pressure applying unit. Heating by the sheet heating device can be omitted when preheating of the transfer sheet is unnecessary.

On the other hand, the solid particles P are supplied from the hopper 31 to the ejector 32 in the chamber 33, where they are accelerated by the impeller as shown in FIGS. I do. At this time, the transfer sheet having a width wider than that of the base material to be transferred is conveyed while pressing the end of the transfer sheet with the pressing part 2 of the reflection wall 1 so as to be sandwiched between the side surfaces not used for the transfer of the base material to be transferred. I do. The introduction portion of the holding portion 2 may be inclined so that the end portion of the transfer sheet held by the sheet supporting device is smoothly held by the holding portion 2. Some of the solid particles that are not ejected toward the transfer sheet are reflected by the reflecting wall 1 having a vertical plane as a reflecting surface at both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet, and collide with the transfer sheet. Then, the transfer sheet is exposed to collision of solid particles ejected from the ejector. The change in the momentum of the solid particles per unit time at the time of collision is the collision pressure for pressing the transfer sheet against the transfer-receiving substrate. Here, since the envelope surface of the transfer substrate is substantially flat, the solid particles mainly collide with the support side of the transfer sheet almost vertically, and collide with the entire width of the transfer substrate and the transfer sheet being conveyed. Area.
Then, as the transfer base material and the transfer sheet are conveyed, the entire region in the longitudinal direction is sequentially exposed to the collision pressure.
Then, the transfer sheet is pressed against the substrate to be transferred by the solid particle collision pressure, and the transfer sheet is also extended and deformed into the concave portions of the concave and convex surface of the substrate to be transferred. The transfer layer is formed following the shape, and the activated adhesive adheres the transfer layer to the substrate to be transferred. The substrate to which the transfer sheet is in close contact is cooled by cooling or the like before the impact pressure is released and before the transfer sheet comes out of the chamber.

On the other hand, the solid particles after being subjected to the collision with the transfer sheet partially pass through the gap between the pressing portion 2 of the reflecting wall 1 and the end of the transfer sheet, and the remaining portion is separated. After being transferred to the downstream side while being placed on the transfer sheet support,
The chamber 33 enters a small chamber 71, which is divided into a separate chamber only at the upper part of the base material transporting device 10, where the cooling air is blown from a cooling device 70 composed of a cool air blower onto the transfer sheet and the substrate to be individually transferred. The solid particles remaining thereon are blown down toward the drain tube 34, and at the same time, the substrate to be transferred and the transfer sheet are cooled to a temperature at which the transfer sheet can be peeled off. The solid particles collected in the lower part of the chamber are sucked from there by the drain tube 34 and collected in the original hopper 31. The air in the chamber for collecting and transporting the solid particles is also sucked by the drain tube 34 together with the solid particles, and is transported to the airflow and solid particle separation device 35 above the hopper. In the separation device 35, as shown in the drawing, the solid particles that have been conveyed by air flow are discharged horizontally into the device cavity,
The solid particles having a high density relative to the gas fall downward by their own weight, the gas flows horizontally as it is, and after filtering the remaining solid particles that are going to move with the airflow with a filter,
It is discharged out of the system by the vacuum pump 36. In this way, the solid particles are prevented from flowing out to the surroundings together with air from the chamber entrance opening through which the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred enter and exit. Further, in order to prevent the solid particles from flowing out of the chamber system and to prevent the solid particles from flowing back from the chamber to the hopper, it is preferable that the pressure in the chamber be lower than that of the outside. The pressure of the chamber is adjusted by adjusting the exhaust amount of the vacuum pump 36, the amount of gas flowing out of the chamber due to the exhaust amount and the like by connecting an exhaust fan (not shown) to the chamber, and the solid particles from the ejector. The amount of gas entering the chamber (especially in the case of an ejector such as a blowing nozzle using gas as a solid particle accelerating fluid), and the amount of gas entering the chamber by connecting a blower (not shown) as appropriate to the chamber (particularly, This is done by adjusting the balance with the impeller (in the case of an impeller using an impeller).

Then, the closely adhered transfer substrate and the transfer sheet are forcibly cooled by blowing cold air with a cooling device 70 located on the downstream side of the outside of the chamber.
Is peeled off from the substrate to be transferred by the peeling roller 60. As a result, a decorative material D in which a decorative layer or the like is transferred and formed as a transfer layer of the transfer sheet on the uneven surface of the base material to be transferred is obtained. On the other hand, (the support of) the transfer sheet after passing through the peeling roller is wound around the sheet discharge device 23 as a discharge roll.

When a blowing nozzle using a liquid as a solid particle accelerating fluid is used as an ejector, a dryer is provided above or downstream of the cooling device, or also as the cooling device itself. The liquid is dried or blown off by blowing air at room temperature or warm air to remove the liquid. When using an ionizing radiation-curable resin for the adhesive or the like, the resin is cured by providing an ionizing radiation irradiation device such as a mercury lamp (ultraviolet light source) between the ejector and the peeling roller.

[Method of heating adhesive or the like when using chamber]
As described above, as an embodiment of the present invention, an example in which solid particles collide in a chamber has been described. However, a heating method for activating an adhesive or improving transfer sheet stretchability when the chamber is used will be further described. .

The transfer sheet can be heated by any means. For example, heater heating, infrared heating,
Dielectric heating, induction heating, hot air heating, or the like is used. The apparatus shown in FIG. 12 includes a sheet heating device 4 in the chamber so that heating before the application of the collision pressure is performed immediately before the ejector so as not to be cooled after the heating.
This is an example in which 0 is provided. However, in the case where heating is performed in the chamber and hot air heating is used as the heating means (similarly to heating of a substrate to be transferred, which will be described later), it is better to reduce the amount of blowing air.
This is because air will be introduced into the chamber, and the load on the vacuum pump for collecting solid particles will increase, including when air is used for accelerating solid particles. In addition to performing the sheet heating in the chamber 33 as illustrated in FIG. 12, if the transfer sheet is not stretched by the heating so as not to hinder the transfer sheet conveyance, the outside of the chamber, or the inside of the chamber and It may be performed both externally. Heating may be performed from any of the back side, front side, and front and back sides of the transfer sheet. Note that the sheet heating is preferably performed after both ends in the width direction are supported by the sheet supporting device.
Before that, the sheet is likely to extend in the feeding direction or hang down, thereby hindering the transfer. Next, in the heating means during the application of the collision pressure, when a heated solid particle or a fluid for accelerating solid particles is used, the heated fluid can also be used. Further, heating may be performed by providing a heat source dispersed in the gap between the ejectors. of course,
The heating during and before the application of the collision pressure can be used in combination, and the heating during the application of the collision pressure alone may be performed.

If the base material to be transferred is coated with an adhesive or a sealer and the solvent is heated and dried by the base material heating device 41 or the like, the base material to be transferred is heated and then heated. The transfer sheet can also be heated to some extent indirectly from the transferred substrate. Therefore, even when heating of the transfer sheet is necessary, if the indirect heating from the transfer-receiving substrate or the heating by the solid particles or the solid particle accelerating fluid is sufficient, the sheet heating device dedicated to the transfer sheet is omitted. Can also.

Next, the substrate to be transferred may be heated before the collision pressure is applied, during the application of the collision pressure, or before and during the application of the collision pressure. By heating the transfer-receiving substrate, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the temperature of the heated transfer sheet when the transfer sheet is heated to improve the stretchability. Further, the transfer sheet can be heated from the side of the substrate to be transferred. The substrate to be transferred may be heated outside or inside the chamber, or outside and inside. External and internal heating can be accomplished using long transport distances, even when sufficient preheating is required. If the internal volume of the chamber itself becomes large in order to provide a long substrate heating device inside the chamber, it is better to provide a part or all of the substrate heating device outside the chamber and reduce the internal volume of the chamber. However, it is advantageous in terms of handling in consideration of scattering and recovery of solid particles. The advantage of heating inside the chamber is that it can be heated just before the collision pressure is applied, or even during the application of the collision pressure. Particularly, it is intended to effectively preheat the transfer substrate having a large heat capacity only in the vicinity of the transfer surface. And so on. In addition, in the case of a substrate heating device that also has a role of evaporating a solvent or moisture in order to dry the coating and the adhesive by the substrate coating device disposed on the upstream side, it is preferable that the substrate heating device be disposed inside the chamber. Absent. A means for exhausting the evaporated solvent or moisture filled in the chamber is required, and in the case of a solvent, it is necessary to consider explosion-proof measures. The substrate heating device for such purpose is
Even if it is arranged outside or inside the chamber, it is preferable to separately arrange a substrate heating device (drying furnace) for evaporation outside. Of course, if the undercoating is performed on a separate line, it is not necessary to use the substrate heating device as a drying device. As the heating means for the transfer-receiving substrate, induction heating and dielectric heating can be performed from the inside of the substrate. On the other hand, heater heating, infrared heating, and hot-air heating are efficient from the uneven surface side. The substrate to be transferred may also be heated from the back side. If the substrate to be transferred is heated to just before or during the application of the collision pressure after the substrate to be transferred is conveyed to the opening of the chamber, the heating from the back side of the substrate is also preferable from the viewpoint of the apparatus space. As for the heating during the application of the collision pressure, in addition to the heating on the upstream side of the collision pressure application unit, a heat source may be provided dispersedly in the gap between the ejectors (heating through the transfer sheet). In order to prevent the heated transfer base material or transfer sheet from cooling down before the completion of the application of the collision pressure, the chamber 33 is provided with a heat insulating structure, and a constant value control of the temperature in the chamber is performed as necessary. Then, the inside of the chamber may be kept at a predetermined temperature.

[Forced Cooling of Adhesive] When the adhesive is of the heat-sealing type, if the adhesive is forcibly cooled after the transfer sheet is in close contact with the base material to be transferred, the adhesive follows the inside of the concave portion and is formed. It promotes the fixation of the transfer sheet, prevents the transfer sheet from returning to its original shape after pressure release when the transfer sheet has a restoring force, and allows the transfer sheet (support) to be separated and removed more quickly. Therefore, transfer omission can be prevented and production speed can be improved.
For this purpose, during the application of the collision pressure, the cooling solid particles are used without releasing the collision pressure, or when using the solid particle acceleration fluid, the cooling fluid is used. It is preferable to cool the adhesive layer using cooling means.
When the heat capacity of the transferred substrate is large, in addition to the cooling solid particles and the cooling fluid, the transferred substrate can be cooled from the back surface by spraying a low-temperature fluid and cooling the rollers and belt conveyor for transferring the substrate. . Alternatively, after the cooling in the chamber, the cooling may be performed by blowing cool air from the front or back, or the like, outside the chamber after cooling inside the chamber, or without cooling inside the chamber, only outside the chamber.

[Air Vent] Also, if the adhesive to be the transfer layer or the adhesive layer on the substrate to be transferred is not activated even if heated before application of the collision pressure, or if the adhesive is not activated. If the time process can be used, non-adhesive contact between the transfer substrate and the transfer sheet can be performed, so the transfer sheet is brought into contact with the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate It is advisable to perform “air bleeding” by forcibly removing the air in the gap. By removing the air, the air between the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred can be prevented from remaining “at the time of transfer”, and the transfer can be prevented. For example, in the apparatus shown in FIG.
This is performed by a suction / exhaust device 90 composed of 2 or the like. The suction and exhaust nozzles 91 are provided in the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet and on both sides adjacent to both sides along the transfer direction of the transferred base material along the transfer direction of the transfer base material. The air between the transfer substrates may be sucked and exhausted by the vacuum pump 92.
The outer periphery of the opening of the suction / exhaust nozzle 91 is surrounded by, for example, a brush, and if the tip of the brush is brought into contact with the base material to be transferred and the transfer sheet, air can be vented without any trouble in transporting them. Further, in FIG. 12, the air bleeding is performed until the transfer sheet comes to the position of the reflecting wall immediately before the application of the collision pressure (see FIG. 12A), but it is more preferable to perform the air release until the application of the collision pressure. This is possible if the end of the transfer sheet is extended longer than the back surface of the substrate to be transferred. The timing of the air release and the preheating of the transfer sheet may be started in either order depending on the speed at which the transfer sheet is preheated and softened, and the degree of softening, or both may be started simultaneously. Air bleeding is effective when the surface to be transferred of the base material to be transferred has a rough surface such as a rock surface tone or a stucco tone.

[Others] While the curved surface transfer method and apparatus of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above description. For example, in the description of the apparatus in FIG. 12, the transfer sheet is pressed against the transfer base material by using a long strip-shaped transfer sheet and a single-sheet transfer base material, and while transferring and moving the both integrally, In this mode, the transfer pressure of the transfer sheet against the substrate to be transferred is stopped only at that time, and the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred are stopped intermittently. (For example, the ejector is moved for these. The reflecting wall is set to the length corresponding to the ejector movement, or is moved together with the ejector.) Further, the transfer substrate and the transfer sheet may be supplied in the form of a single sheet. Further, the positional relationship between the ejecting direction of the solid particles of the ejector and the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred is not limited to the positional relationship in which the solid particles are both placed in a horizontal plane and eject the solid particles vertically downward from above. Even if the transfer sheet support side surface and the ejection direction maintain a vertical relationship, the transfer sheet placement or conveyance direction is
In addition to the horizontal plane, the slope (Fig. 2) and the vertical plane (Fig. 7)
(B)) and the like, and even when the transfer sheet is in a horizontal plane, solid particles may be ejected from the lower side of the support, that is, from the bottom to collide. Of course, the solid particles may be ejected at an angle to the transfer sheet support surface. Also,
Before the collision pressure is applied, the transfer sheet may be preliminarily pressed against the base material by the elastic roller. Further, when the chamber is filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen and an ionizing radiation-curable resin (before curing) is used for a base coat layer of the transfer layer, oxygen, water vapor, etc. in the air may be filled with the resin. May be prevented from hindering the curing.

[Cosmetic Materials] The cosmetic materials obtained by the present invention include exterior materials such as outer walls, fences, roofs, gates, gable plates, architectural interior materials such as walls and ceilings, window frames, doors, handrails, sills, and Kamoi. Such as fittings,
It can be used in various fields such as a surface material of furniture such as a chest, a cabinet of light electric / OA equipment, and a vehicle interior material such as an automobile. Note that a transparent protective layer may be further applied on the surface of the decorative material after the transfer. As such a transparent protective layer, one or two or more of a fluororesin such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride, an acrylic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate, a silicone resin, and a urethane resin are used as a binder. If necessary, use a paint to which an ultraviolet absorber such as benzotriazole or ultrafine cerium oxide, a light stabilizer such as a hindered amine radical scavenger, a coloring pigment, an extender pigment, or a lubricant is added. Spray coating, flow coating, etc. are used for coating. The thickness of the transparent protective layer is about 1 to 100 μm.

[0067]

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. First, FIG. 1 shows a transfer substrate B having three-dimensional surface irregularities.
As illustrated in the plan view of FIG. 3A and the perspective view of the main part of FIG.
mm-shaped groove-shaped concave portion 401 and a brick-patterned flat convex portion 402, and a pear-finished tone having a depth of 0.1 to 0.5 mm distributed on the flat convex portion as fine irregularities. A 12-mm-thick calcium silicate plate having three-dimensional surface irregularities in which large irregularities and fine irregularities were superimposed, having fine irregularities 403 was prepared. Then, undercoating and undercoating were performed on the uneven surface by another apparatus offline. The transfer sheet S is a reddish-brown brick-like color having a gray cement joint whose position is synchronized with the uneven surface shape as a decorative layer serving as a transfer layer on one side of a polypropylene-based thermoplastic elastomer film having a thickness of 100 μm on a support. The thing which gravure printed the pattern sequentially was prepared. However, the joint width of the pattern is 4m
m. As the resin for the binder of the picture ink, an acrylic resin and a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer 8:
2 (weight ratio), and red pigments, isoindolinone, carbon black, and titanium white were used as coloring pigments.

Next, in the apparatus as shown in FIG. 12, an ejector using an impeller as shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. It is placed on the substrate transport device 10 composed of a row of transport rollers and transported, and the substrate coating device 50 removes the side and back surfaces of the substrate to be transferred,
After applying a solvent-free hot-melt heat-sensitive adhesive made of a polyamide resin to the entire surface at a rate of 30 g / m ² , the adhesive and the substrate to be transferred are heated by the substrate heating device 41, and the impact pressure is increased. It was supplied to the application unit 30. On the other hand, the transfer sheet S is also positioned by the sheet feeding device 20 such that the joint side of the pattern and the joint-shaped groove-shaped concave portion of the transfer-receiving substrate are aligned (registered) with the support side thereof facing upward. It was supplied to the collision pressure application section. The substrate B to be transferred is the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying unit.
When it entered, the transfer sheet was brought close to the transfer-receiving substrate. Then, both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet were sandwiched between the front and back sides by a pair of endless belt-shaped sheet support devices 22. In this state, preheating of the transfer sheet, activation of the adhesive, and heating of the substrate to be transferred were performed by the sheet heating device 40 using radiant heat from a heating wire heater from the support side of the transfer sheet.

Next, the sheet supporting device 22 releases both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet, and then presses the both ends to the side of the base material to which the image is not transferred by the pressing portion 2 of the reflection wall 1 so that the pressing portion and the transfer target are transferred. The end of the transfer sheet was sandwiched between the substrates.
Next, spherical zinc spheres having an average particle diameter of 0.4 mm are ejected from the ejector 32 as solid particles P, and solid particles not directed in the direction of the transfer sheet are reflected by the reflecting wall 1 and collide with the support side of the transfer sheet. Then, the transfer sheet was pressed against the transfer-receiving substrate. The rotation speed of the impeller of the ejector is 3600 [rpm
m], and the ejection speed of the solid particles was 40 [m / s].
Then, the transfer sheet is stretched into the concave portion of the joint and heat-fused. Immediately after the transfer sheet comes out of the chamber, cool air is blown by the cooling device 70 to cool the adhesive and cool the adhesive to the bonding temperature or less. Then, the support of the transfer sheet was peeled off by the peeling roller 60 to obtain a decorative material D. The pattern was transferred to the decorative material following the surface irregularities. In addition, the backing of the solid particles was also suppressed, and no adhesion of the solid particles to the side surface portion of the substrate to be transferred and the like and no detachment of the transfer layer were observed. Further, an emulsion paint of polyvinylidene fluoride containing 2% by weight of a benzotriazole-based UV absorber is applied to a dry thickness of 10 μm on the surface of the transfer layer of the decorative material to form a transparent protective layer. A cosmetic material with a protective layer was obtained.

[0070]

According to the present invention, a decorative material having a large three-dimensional uneven surface decorated can be easily obtained. Of course, two-dimensional irregularities such as window frames and sashes are also possible.
It can be easily obtained even if it has a wavy shape (envelope surface shape) as a whole, or a convex or concave curved shape like a tile. Moreover, even if the solid particles ejected from the ejector have an amount ejected in a direction other than the transfer sheet direction, the reflecting wall can reflect the solid particles and make the solid particles effectively collide with the transfer sheet.
In addition, the end of the transfer sheet having a width larger than the width of the base material to be transferred is pressed by the pressing part of the reflection wall to the side surface of the base material to which the transfer is not performed, and is sandwiched between the holding part and the base material to be transferred. The solid particles collide with the transfer sheet in a state where the solid particles are ejected in a direction other than the transfer sheet direction, and the solid particles that have jumped and scattered around even after the collision with the transfer sheet may flow into the surrounding airflow. It is possible to prevent a part of the sheet from reaching the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet or the side surface or the back surface of the base material to be transferred, for example, by colliding with the chamber or other curved surface transfer device members. As a result, the adhesive protrudes there and is exposed, and even in the active state, the solid particles remain attached and the solid particles are sandwiched between the transfer layer and the substrate to be transferred. The transfer layer is prevented from coming off. Therefore, consumption of the solid particles can be suppressed. In addition, it is also possible to transfer on the convex portion of the large irregular surface and inside the concave portion (the bottom portion or the side surface which is the connecting portion between the convex portion and the bottom portion). Further, even when there is a finer uneven pattern (for example, a hairline, a satin finish, etc.) on the convex part of the large unevenness, it is possible to decorate the concave part of the fine unevenness by transfer. Further, unlike the conventional rubber roller pressing method, there is no wear of parts such as the roller due to the concave and convex portions of the substrate to be transferred. As a result, a decorative material having an extremely excellent design property is obtained, which has never been obtained before.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram outlining one form of a reflecting wall according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram outlining another embodiment of the reflecting wall according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram (front view) illustrating one embodiment of an ejector using an impeller.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an impeller part of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the inside of the impeller of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for adjusting the ejection direction with an impeller.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are conceptual diagrams illustrating another embodiment of an ejector using an impeller, wherein FIG. 7A is a front view and FIG. 7B is a side view.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating one embodiment of an ejector using an ejection nozzle.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing various arrangement forms of the ejector. (A) is an arrangement arranged in a houndstooth check pattern, (B) is an arrangement in which the central portion is on the upstream side, and is shifted to the downstream side toward both ends.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram in which a collision direction is provided with a width distribution.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing one aspect of the ejector viewed from the flow direction.

12A and 12B are conceptual views of one embodiment of a curved surface transfer device capable of performing the curved surface transfer method of the present invention, wherein FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic device diagram of the ejector portion of FIG.

FIGS. 13A and 13B are explanatory views showing an example of three-dimensional surface irregularities of a base material to be transferred, wherein FIG. 13A is a plan view and FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reflection wall 1a, 1b Reflection part 2 Pressing part 3 Ejector 4 Chamber 10 Substrate conveyance device (substrate conveyance means) 20 Sheet supply device (sheet supply means) 21 Sheet sending device 22 Sheet support device 23 Sheet discharge device 30 Collision Pressure applying section (collision pressure applying means) 31 Hopper 32 Jetting device (Solid particle jetting means) 33 Chamber 34 Drain tube 35 Separator 36 Vacuum pump 40 Sheet heating device 41 Substrate heating device 50 Substrate coating device 60 Peeling roller ( Separating means) 70 Cooling device 71 Small chamber 90 Suction and exhaust device (Suction and exhaust device) 91 Suction and exhaust nozzle 92 Vacuum pump 401 Groove-shaped concave portion 402 Flat convex portion 403 Fine unevenness 812, 812a Impeller 813, 813a Blade 814, 814a Side plate 815 Hollow part 816 Direction controller 817 Opening 818 Spraying 819, 819a Rotating shaft 820 Bearing 840 Jetting device using blowout nozzle 841 Induction chamber 842 Internal nozzle 843 Nozzle opening 844 Nozzle B Transfer receiving substrate D Cosmetic material F Fluid P Solid particles S Transfer sheet

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hirohisa Yoshikawa 1-1-1, Ichigaya-Kagacho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Haruo Miyashita 1-1-1, Ichigaga-cho, Ichigaya-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo No. 1 Inside Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer is opposed to a transfer layer side of a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer, and solid particles are caused to collide with the support side of the transfer sheet. Utilizing the collision pressure, the transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and after the transfer layer adheres to the transfer substrate, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off to remove the transfer layer. A method of transferring a curved surface onto a substrate to be transferred, wherein, among solid particles ejected from an ejector, solid particles that do not directly collide with a transfer sheet are reflected by a reflection portion of a reflection wall provided on an end side of the transfer sheet. Then, the pressing portion extending from the reflecting portion in the direction of the side surface of the base material to be transferred is brought close to the side portion of the base material to which the transfer is not performed, and the pressing portion and the receiving portion are reflected. By sandwiching the edge of the transfer sheet between transfer substrates, solid particles There suppressed from scattering to the portion other than the transfer sheet supporting member, while suppressing that back around to the transfer sheet transfer layer side and the transfer substrate side, it applies a collision pressure of the solid particles, the curved transfer method. 2. The transfer layer side of a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer is opposed to the uneven surface side of a transfer-receiving base material having an uneven surface, and solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet. An apparatus used for carrying out a method of transferring a transfer sheet by pressing the transfer sheet against an uneven surface of a substrate to be transferred by utilizing the collision pressure, wherein at least a solid particle ejecting means for ejecting solid particles is provided. Among the solid particles ejected from the solid particle ejecting means, solid particles that do not directly collide with the transfer sheet are received by a reflecting portion provided on the end side of the transfer sheet, reflected and collided with the transfer sheet, and Shielding means extending the pressing portion extending from the portion toward the side of the transfer-receiving base material to approach the side surface of the transfer-receiving base material on which the transfer is not performed, and sandwiching the end of the transfer sheet between the holding portion and the transfer-receiving base material. And solid particles are ejected from the substrate to be transferred Substrate transfer means for transferring the transfer sheet to a position facing the means, and transfer sheet supply means for positioning the transfer sheet between the solid particle ejection means and the transfer-receiving substrate, wherein the solid particles are other than the transfer sheet support. A curved surface transfer device that applies a collision pressure of solid particles while suppressing scattering to a part and suppressing backing to a transfer sheet transfer layer side and a transfer substrate side.