JPH10297186A - Method for transferring curved face and device for transferring curved face - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently manufacture a decorative material with a three- dimensional uneven face by transferring it up to the inside face of a recessed part. SOLUTION: The transfer layer side of a transfer sheet S made up of a support and a transfer layer is positioned opposite to the uneven face side of a base B to which a pattern is transferred, and a solid particle P jetted from an injector 1 is caused to run into the support side of the transfer sheet S. Further, the transfer sheet S is caused to come into contact with the base B under pressure by the impact pressure and a decorative material is obtained by peeling the support. In this case, the solid particle including that such as running obliquely into an enveloping surface E formed by the uneven surface of the base B is caused to collide with the transfer sheet S. Thus it is possible to tilt the base B with the horizontal plate or tilt the direction of the injector 1 obliquely with the vertical direction with the help of a base conveying device 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to decorative panels for exterior and interior materials of houses, furniture, home appliances and the like, and more particularly to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing decorative panels having a decorative uneven surface.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, decorative boards having decorations such as pictures on a substrate surface of the decorative board by a direct printing method, a laminating method, a transfer method or the like have been used for various purposes. In this case, if the surface of the base material is flat, the decoration of the picture can be easily made, but the decoration of the pattern is applied to the uneven surface by a special device. For example, in the case of a columnar shape such as a window frame or a surface border material, the base material decorative surface is a two-dimensional unevenness (a shape having a curvature only in one direction (a direction perpendicular to the generating line or the height direction) like a cylinder). One applicable curved surface decoration technique is proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895. That is, the technology of the publication is a surface decoration method by a laminating method, in which a surface-coated sheet coated with an adhesive on one side is supplied, while the base material is horizontally conveyed at a speed synchronized with a supply speed of the surface-mounted sheet, and is installed side by side. While maintaining the state in which the end of the facing sheet is not adhered by the large number of holding jigs, the adhesive-applied surface side of the facing sheet is gradually pressed against the base material for each small area, and the It is to be adhered by heating to the material surface. This method is called a lapping method. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-139097 proposes a curved surface decoration technique applicable to the case where the surface unevenness is a three-dimensional unevenness such as an embossed shape (that is, a shape having a curvature in two directions like a hemisphere). Have been. That is, the technology of the same publication is a surface decoration method by a transfer method, a thermoplastic resin film is used as a support of a transfer sheet, and a release layer, a pattern layer, and an adhesive layer are sequentially provided on the support. The transfer sheet is placed on a substrate having an uneven surface, and is pressed from the back surface of the support with a heat roller made of rubber having a rubber hardness of 60 ° or less to transfer a picture, thereby obtaining a decorative plate. Further, a foamed layer which foams by heat during transfer is provided between the support and the release layer, and the foaming is also utilized to follow the uneven surface of the substrate.

[0003]

However, in the above-described conventional method, the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-5895 can only handle a two-dimensional curved surface. Although the technology proposed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. H08-27139 can handle three-dimensional curved surfaces, it basically uses elastic deformation of the rotating heat roller by rubber to follow the surface irregularities. Not applicable to irregularities. In addition, the soft rubber roller is liable to be worn by the corners of the unevenness of the transfer-receiving substrate. Also,
In a configuration in which the foam layer is provided on the transfer sheet, the transfer sheet becomes too complicated and expensive. In addition, there is a problem that the substrate is limited to a flat substrate as a whole.

Therefore, the present invention provides a decorative material which can be transferred to a large three-dimensional uneven surface and which has excellent surface decorativeness, and does not require a specially shaped jig for pressing the transfer pressure, and can be used for a component such as a rubber roller. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for transferring a curved surface, which do not require replacement due to wear of the surface.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the curved surface transfer method according to the present invention employs, as a means for pressing a transfer sheet including a support and a transfer layer against a transfer-receiving substrate by pressing the transfer sheet. Solid particles collided with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the collision pressure was used. That is, the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet including the support and the transfer layer is opposed to the uneven surface side of the transfer-receiving base material having the uneven surface, and solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet, and the collision pressure Using
The transfer sheet is pressed onto the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and after the transfer layer adheres to the transfer substrate, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off to transfer the transfer layer to the transfer substrate. I made it. Moreover, when the solid particles collide with the transfer sheet,
At least a part of the solid particles that collide with the transfer sheet includes solid particles that obliquely collide with the envelope surface formed by the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred. I made it. As a result, the number of solid particles colliding with the side surface of the concave portion of the concave-convex surface of the base material to be transferred, and the collision pressure thereof are obtained sufficiently, to the side surface of the concave portion.
Transfer was ensured. Further, the curved surface transfer apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus used for carrying out the above-mentioned curved surface transfer method, and at least a solid particle ejection means for ejecting solid particles, and a transfer target substrate facing the solid particle ejection means. A substrate conveying means for conveying the transfer sheet to a position, and a transfer sheet supply means for positioning the transfer sheet between the solid particle ejecting means and the substrate to be transferred, and a relationship between the solid particle ejecting means and the substrate conveying means. The solid particles collide with the transfer sheet, including solid particles that obliquely collide with the envelope surface formed by the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred, at least in part of the solid particles that collide with the transfer sheet. Thus, the relative relationship between the solid particle ejection direction and the uneven surface of the transfer-receiving substrate is established.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the method and apparatus for transferring a curved surface according to the present invention will be described below. First, FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a direction in which solid particles P collide with an envelope surface E formed by the uneven surface of a substrate B to be transferred in the present invention. In the figure, the solid particles P are ejected from the ejector, which is the solid particle ejecting means 1, to some extent, but substantially downward in the vertical direction, and ejected toward the transfer sheet S. The base material B to be transferred is supported by a base material transfer device 2 which is a base material transfer means including a row of drive rollers or the like so as to be inclined in a width direction orthogonal to the transfer direction with respect to a horizontal plane (horizontal direction in the drawing). Transported. In addition, the substrate transfer device 2 also supports the side surface, which is the lower side of the transfer substrate, to prevent the transfer substrate from skidding. The figure shows a state where solid particles are made to collide with the support side (upper side of the drawing) of the transfer sheet that is positioned so that the transfer layer side faces the uneven surface side (upper side of the drawing) of the substrate to be transferred. Show. Here, the arrows indicate the tracks of the solid particles P. At this time, in the present invention, the solid particles are caused to collide with the transfer sheet such that the solid particles collide obliquely with the envelope surface E formed by the uneven surface which is the transfer surface of the transfer substrate. In the case of the figure, the transfer substrate B is a flat plate, and the envelope surface E formed by the uneven surface serving as the transfer surface is a flat surface, and the envelope surface E is a dotted line extended from the uneven surface of the transfer substrate B. Is shown. By doing so, the number of solid particles colliding with the side surface of the concave portion, particularly the side facing the direction in which the solid particles fly, of the concave and convex surface of the substrate to be transferred, and the collision pressure thereof are made sufficient. Can be. Then, it is possible to surely transfer the image to the side surface of the concave portion.

In FIG. 1, the envelope surface is flat because the substrate to be transferred is flat, but if the envelope surface formed by the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred is not flat, for example, a curved surface In such a case, the solid particles collide obliquely in each area (see FIG. 11). Further, it is not always necessary to make all of the solid particles colliding with the transfer sheet oblique to the envelope surface. The purpose is to transfer the solid particles reliably to the side surfaces of the concave portions on the concave and convex surface. Therefore, the ratio of the solid particles to be obliquely collided may be appropriately adjusted depending on the depth of the concave portions, the inclination of the concave side surfaces, and the like. Of course, all of the solid particles that collide with the transfer sheet may collide obliquely with the envelope surface. Further, the region where the solid particles collide obliquely may be only the region where the solid particles need to collide sufficiently due to the depth of the concave portion or the inclination of the side surface of the concave portion in the uneven surface region of the transfer-receiving substrate. .
This is because, in a portion other than the above, it is more preferable that the collision be performed vertically so that the momentum of the solid particles can be efficiently converted into the collision pressure without any loss and pressed.

If the traveling direction of all the solid particles is the same on the surfaces other than the concave side surface, such as the concave bottom surface and the convex upper surface, solid particles having the same direction as the collision direction with the concave side surface will collide. I do. However, if the upper surface of the convex portion or the like is flat, it is possible to efficiently and effectively convert the momentum of the solid particle into the collision pressure by colliding the solid particle vertically therewith. For this reason, solid particles may be caused to collide with the region of such an uneven surface vertically by another solid particle ejection means. It is also effective to increase the momentum of the solid particles to be collided or to increase the number of collisions. To increase momentum, increase speed or increase mass. As will be described later, in particular, in the case of a solid particle ejecting means using an impeller, the direction of the ejected solid particles originally spreads, and the spread may be effectively utilized.

In the present invention, as illustrated in FIG.
By making the envelope surface formed by the uneven surface of the transferred substrate parallel to the horizontal plane, and by inclining the ejection direction of the solid particles from the vertical direction in a plane perpendicular to the transfer direction of the transferred substrate, the envelope surface The solid particles may collide with the transfer sheet such that the solid particles collide with the transfer sheet obliquely. In short, the relationship between the solid particle jetting means 1 and the base material transporting means 20 is set to at least a part of the solid particles P colliding with the transfer sheet S, and to the envelope surface E formed by the uneven surface of the base material B to be transferred. Including the solid particles that obliquely collide with the transfer sheet, the solid particles collide with the transfer sheet, as long as the relative relationship between the solid particle ejection direction and the uneven surface of the transferred substrate is established. . Therefore, even when the transfer substrate is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane as shown in FIG. 1, the substrate may be inclined in a direction parallel to the transport direction or in a direction other than the parallel and orthogonal directions. Also,
As shown in FIG. 2, even when the transfer substrate is horizontal and the ejection direction of the solid particles is inclined, the ejection direction is inclined in the direction parallel to the transfer direction of the transfer substrate, or in the parallel and orthogonal directions. It may be inclined in a direction other than the above. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, solid particles may be made to collide with the same region of the substrate to be transferred obliquely from different directions. FIG. 2 shows an example in which a collision is made obliquely from two left and right directions in the width direction orthogonal to the transport direction. In this manner, the collision pressure can be reliably applied to a plurality of side surfaces facing in different directions such as the opposing side surfaces among the concave side surfaces. Alternatively, the collision may be made obliquely from front and rear two directions from the upstream side and the downstream side in a direction parallel to the transport direction. Alternatively, the collision may be made obliquely from four directions, that is, two left and right directions and two front and rear directions. Alternatively, in these cases, the collision may be added vertically. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the substrate B to be transferred is positioned in a horizontal plane, the installation position and direction of the solid particle ejection means are fixed, and only the ejection direction of the solid particles is made variable. May be inclined with respect to at least a part of the collision direction and the envelope surface of the substrate to be transferred. In any of the above cases, the transfer sheet is usually supplied in parallel or substantially parallel to the envelope surface E of the transfer-receiving substrate. Therefore, in this case, at least a part of the solid particles collides with the transfer sheet surface obliquely.
If the envelope surface formed by the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane as shown in FIG. 1, the solid particles on the transfer sheet are collected when the solid particles are collided with the transfer sheet. There is also an advantage that the phenomenon of dropping toward one (lower) end of the can be used.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

[Substrate to be Transferred] First, as the substrate to be transferred B of the present invention, the surface to be transferred can of course be applied, but the present invention shows its true value only when the surface to be transferred has an uneven surface. In particular, the substrate to be transferred has three-dimensional irregularities. Conventional rotary contact holding jig
No. 1-5895) or a transfer roller made of rubber (see the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-13997) essentially has directionality due to the rotation axis thereof, and therefore, the applicable surface irregularity shape is limited. Be constrained. That is, the former is limited to two-dimensional irregularities having a curvature only in one axial direction, and the latter is capable of transferring to three-dimensional irregularities having a curvature in two axial directions, but the three-dimensional shape is in any direction. Cannot be applied homogeneously. For example, unless the longitudinal direction of the wood grain conduit pattern is parallel to the feed direction of the transfer sheet, it cannot be successfully transferred to the concave portion of the conduit. Moreover, in the latter case, the shape of the base material is practically limited to a flat plate shape, and otherwise, it is impossible unless a transfer roller having a special shape tailored to each base material shape is used. However, in the present invention, as described later, since the collision pressure of a group of solid particles that can behave fluidly is utilized, the planar direction of the pressure application region is essentially required for the three-dimensional shape of the surface irregularities. Do not have. (This directionality is the direction of the temporal position change of a point on the transfer-receiving substrate to which pressure is applied.) Therefore, a shape having irregularities in the transfer direction of the transfer sheet or the transfer-receiving substrate is considered. The substrate to be transferred may be used. In other words, it means that the present invention can be applied to two-dimensional unevenness having unevenness only in one direction such as only the feed direction or width direction, and three-dimensional unevenness having unevenness in two directions such as both the feed direction and the width direction. The point that the collision pressure of the solid particles does not have any direction is that the ejector that ejects the solid particles is moved so that the sheet-by-sheet transfer sheet is placed on the substrate to be transferred and pressed into contact one by one. Alternatively, it can be easily understood by considering the manner in which the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving substrate are moved with the ejector fixed to move the region to which the collision pressure is applied.

The substrate to be transferred is not limited to a flat plate material (having an envelope shape) as a whole, but has a two-dimensional unevenness whose cross section is convex or concave in an arc shape and curved in the feeding direction or width direction. The curved surface may have finer three-dimensional surface irregularities. In the present invention, it is possible to arbitrarily determine whether to transfer the two-dimensional irregularities such as the arc shape of the base material to be transferred, for example, in the width direction or in the feed direction, in consideration of workability and the like. Further, a transferred substrate having an uneven surface superimposed on large pattern unevenness and having fine unevenness, or a transferred substrate having a surface to be transferred to the bottom of the concave portion or the inner surface of the concave portion of the uneven surface is also possible. The large irregularities and the fine irregularities are, for example, as shown in FIG. 13B, the irregularities of the substrate to be transferred are composed of large irregularities 401 and 402 and minute irregularities 403 on the convex portions 402. The large irregularities have a step of 1 to 10 mm, the width of the concave is 1 to 10 mm, and the width of the convex is 5 mm or more. The fine irregularities are large irregularities in both the step and the width. Specifically, the step is about 0.1 to 5 mm, the width of the concave portion and the width of the convex portion are 0.1 mm or more, and is less than about １ ／ of the width of the convex portion having a large irregular shape. Specific examples of the uneven pattern of the decorative material having a combination of large irregularities and fine irregularities and having three-dimensional surface irregularities include, for example, tiles and bricks having joints and grooves as large irregularities. , Stones and other two-dimensional array patterns, and fine irregularities on the spray-painted surface such as stucco and lysine, as well as stones such as cleaved surfaces of granite and stone surfaces such as travertine marble boards Wood-grained uneven pattern with a contoured pattern, or a large-sized uneven pattern, such as a paneling pattern having grooves, grooves, saury, sane, etc., a floating wood grain pattern, and a conduit groove, a hairline, etc. as fine irregularities thereon Is mentioned. In addition, each surface which forms the uneven surface is not limited to a flat surface, may be a curved surface alone, or may be a combination of a flat surface and a curved surface. Therefore, the curved surface on the substrate to be transferred according to the present invention also means a concavo-convex surface having no curved surface composed of only a plurality of flat surfaces, such as a tooth profile of a clog. Further, the curvature in the present invention includes a case where the curvature is infinite (the radius of curvature = 0) which is angular like the periphery of a side or a vertex of a cube. In order to make the surface of the substrate to be transferred into a desired unevenness, a pressing process, an embossing process, an extrusion process, a cutting process, a forming process, or the like may be used.

The material of the substrate to be transferred is arbitrary.
Non-porcelain ceramic plates such as calcium silicate plate, extruded cement plate, ALC (lightweight foamed concrete) plate, GRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) plate, veneer veneer, wood plywood, particle board, or wood Wood plates such as medium density fiberboard (MDF), metal plates such as iron, aluminum and copper, ceramics such as ceramics and glass,
A resin molded product such as polypropylene, ABS resin, and phenol resin may be used. When a liquid is used as a solid particle accelerating fluid and solid particles are ejected together with the liquid as described later, a substance that is insoluble and non-absorbable in the liquid is preferable. For example, a metal plate, a resin molded product, ceramics such as ceramics and glass, and the like are used. In addition, these transfer receiving substrate surfaces are coated in advance with an easy-adhesion primer for assisting the adhesion with the adhesive, or a sealer agent for sealing and sealing fine irregularities and porosity on the surface. Is also good. A resin such as an isocyanate, a two-part curable urethane resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, or a vinyl acetate resin is applied as an easy-adhesion primer or a sealer.

[Transfer Sheet] The transfer sheet S is composed of a support and a transfer layer which transfers and transfers. The transfer layer comprises at least a decorative layer. Further, the adhesive may be formed on the transfer sheet as an adhesive layer that becomes a part of the transfer layer. When a liquid is used as the solid particle acceleration fluid and solid particles are ejected together with the liquid, an insoluble substance for the liquid is used for the support and the transfer layer. For example, if the liquid is water, except for the water-soluble resin and the like, it may be appropriately selected and used from materials used as general transfer sheets according to the following.

(Support) On the support, if the substrate to be transferred has a two-dimensional uneven surface, paper having no stretchability (however, when the solid particle accelerating fluid is a liquid, It is possible to use an insoluble material), but in order to apply the present invention to a three-dimensional uneven surface exhibiting its true value, a stretchable support is used at least at the time of transfer. Due to the stretchability, when the collision pressure of the solid particles is applied, the transfer sheet can be closely adhered and transferred to the inside of the concave portion on the surface of the transfer-receiving substrate. The stretchability of the entire transfer sheet is mainly governed by the stretchability of the support. Therefore, in addition to a conventionally known thermoplastic resin film, a rubber film that can be stretched even at normal temperature can be used as the support.
In the case of a thermoplastic resin film, when forming a transfer layer such as a decorative layer, there is almost no stretchability, and during transfer, a sufficient stretchability is exhibited by heating, and after cooling, the deformed shape is maintained, and the shape due to elasticity is maintained. As a transfer sheet that does not cause restoration, a transfer sheet that can be used in the present invention can be prepared as easily as a conventionally known ordinary transfer sheet. As a specific example of the support, in terms of stretchability, a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, which has been widely used in the past, can provide sufficient and sufficient stretchability by setting heating conditions, collision pressure conditions and the like depending on the surface unevenness. Because it can be expressed, curved surface transfer is possible, but low temperature, low pressure, easy to develop stretchability, for example, polybutylene terephthalate, or copolymer polyester film such as terephthalate isophthalate copolymer, polypropylene film, polyethylene Films, polyolefin-based films such as polymethylpentene films, low-stretch or non-stretch films such as polyvinyl chloride resin films and nylon films, and rubber (elastomer) films such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, urethane elastomers, and olefin-based elastomers Favorable support It is. The thickness of the support is usually from 20 to 200 μm.

When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, it is possible to use a resin film which swells but is insoluble with respect to the liquid which comes into contact during the transfer. As an example of such a swellable and insoluble resin film, when water or an aqueous solution is used as a liquid, see JP-A-54-1.
No. 50208, JP-B-61-3276, etc. are polyvinyl alcohol-based films having an average degree of polymerization of 300 to 3000 and a degree of saponification of 65 to 97 m.
ol%, and a film having a thickness of 20 to 200 μm is typical. The support may be provided with a release layer on the transfer layer side, if necessary, in order to improve the releasability from the transfer layer. The release layer is removed together with the support from the transfer layer when the support is released. As the release layer, for example, a simple substance such as a silicone resin, a melamine resin, a polyamide resin, a urethane resin, a polyolefin resin, a wax, or a mixture containing these is used.

Further, if an uneven pattern is provided on the surface of the support that is in contact with the transfer layer, the uneven pattern can be formed on the surface of the transfer layer after transfer. The uneven pattern is, for example,
There are hairline, line-shaped groove, uneven pattern of cleavage face of granite, wood grain conduit groove, wood grain ring pattern, cloth texture surface texture, skin squeezing, characters, geometric pattern and so on. The formation of the concavo-convex pattern is performed by embossing, sandblasting, or hairline processing the resin sheet of the support by hot pressing, or forming the ink (2) using a resin having a releasing property as a binder on the support. Liquid curable urethane, silicone resin, melamine resin, polyfunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer or prepolymer cross-linkable by ultraviolet light or electron beam) to form a desired concavo-convex pattern by silk-screen printing or the like. There is a method of providing a shape layer and using it as a support having a shape layer. The shaping layer has the function of the release layer.

(Transfer Layer) The transfer layer is composed of at least a decorative layer, and a release layer, an adhesive layer and the like may be a component of the transfer layer as appropriate. In the configuration having the adhesive layer, it is possible to omit applying the adhesive to one or both of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred at the time of transfer. The decoration layer is gravure printing,
Conventionally known methods such as silk screen printing and offset printing, a pattern layer printed with a pattern or the like with a material, aluminum,
A metal thin film layer or the like in which a metal such as chromium, gold, silver or the like is partially or entirely formed by using a known vapor deposition method or the like. As the pattern, according to the surface irregularities of the transferred substrate, wood pattern, stone pattern, cloth pattern, tile pattern, brick pattern, leather pattern, letters, geometric pattern,
Use solid on the whole surface. The picture layer ink is composed of a vehicle such as a binder, a coloring agent such as a pigment or a dye, and various additives appropriately added thereto. A single material such as an acrylic resin, a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyester resin, a cellulosic resin, a polyurethane resin, a fluororesin, or the like, or a mixture containing these is used for the binder. As the pigment of the colorant, inorganic pigments such as titanium white, carbon black, red iron oxide, graphite, and ultramarine blue, and organic pigments such as aniline black, quinacridone, isoindolinone, and phthalocyanine blue are used. Conventionally, a release layer is provided between the support or the release layer and the decorative layer to adjust the releasability between the decorative layer and to protect the surface of the decorative layer after transfer. This is the same as a known transfer sheet. In addition, this release layer is transferred to the transfer-receiving substrate side together with the decoration layer at the time of transfer,
Cover the surface of the decorative layer. Further, as a means for easily removing air remaining between the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving substrate at the time of transfer, a large number of small holes penetrating all layers of the transfer sheet may be formed in the transfer sheet as necessary. .

[Adhesive] The adhesive may be used as an adhesive layer constituting a transfer layer of a transfer sheet or as an adhesive layer on a substrate to be transferred, either before or immediately before transfer, by online coating or offline coating. Apply in. When applied to a substrate to be transferred, the adhesive layer of the transfer sheet transfer layer can be omitted. The adhesive used is
The liquid may be appropriately selected depending on the use, required physical properties, and the like. As the adhesive used, for example,
Sensitivity with heat-sensitive adhesive, moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive, hot-melt adhesive, moisture-curable hot-melt adhesive, two-part curable adhesive, ionizing radiation-curable adhesive, water-based adhesive, or adhesive Various adhesives such as a pressure-sensitive adhesive can be used. When water is used for the solid particle accelerating fluid, a moisture-curable adhesive or an aqueous adhesive should be avoided. As the heat-sensitive adhesive, any of a heat-sealing adhesive using a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting adhesive using a thermosetting resin can be used. However, from the viewpoint that the bonding is completed in a short time, a heat fusion type (heat-sensitive adhesive) is preferable. The adhesive may be diluted with a solvent or without a solvent, or may be a liquid or a solid at room temperature. In the case of an adhesive other than a pressure-sensitive adhesive exhibiting tackiness, a transfer layer can be formed with only a single adhesive layer. If a coloring agent such as a pigment is added to the adhesive layer, it can be said that the entire layer is a decorative layer composed of a solid ink layer.

Examples of the heat-sensitive adhesive include polyvinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, thermoplastic urethane resin, and polyamide obtained by polycondensation of dimer acid and ethylenediamine. A conventionally known adhesive such as a resin can be used. As the thermosetting adhesive, a phenol resin, a urea resin, a diallyl phthalate resin, a thermosetting urethane resin, an epoxy resin, or the like can be used.

A moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is also a kind of heat-sensitive adhesive. The moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is applied immediately before transfer from the viewpoint of work stability, because the curing reaction proceeds with moisture in the air when left to stand naturally. Immediately after transfer, the moisture-curable heat-melt adhesive has the same adhesive strength as a normal heat-melt adhesive, but the cross-linking / curing reaction gradually proceeds with moisture in the air when left naturally, It is excellent in heat resistance without creep deformation and heat melting, and a large adhesive strength can be obtained. However, in order to promote the crosslinking and curing of the adhesive by moisture after the transfer is completed, the decorative board after the transfer is left to cure in air containing moisture. Preferable atmospheric conditions for curing are generally about 50% RH or more in relative humidity and 10 ° C in temperature.
That is all. When the temperature and the relative humidity are both higher, the curing is completed in a shorter time. The standard curing completion time is usually about 10 hours in an atmosphere of 20 ° C. and 60% RH.

The moisture-curable heat-melting adhesive is a composition containing a prepolymer having an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal as an essential component. The prepolymer is usually a polyisocyanate prepolymer having one or more isocyanate groups at both molecular terminals, and is a solid thermoplastic resin at room temperature. Isocyanate groups react with each other due to moisture in the air to cause a chain extension reaction, and as a result, a reactant having a urea bond in a molecular chain is generated,
The urea bond further reacts with the isocyanate group at the molecular terminal, causing a biuret bond and branching to cause a crosslinking reaction. Although the skeleton structure of the molecular chain of the prepolymer having an isocyanate group at the molecular terminal is arbitrary, specific examples include a polyurethane skeleton having a urethane bond, a polyester skeleton having an ester bond, and a polybutazine skeleton.
Adhesive properties can be adjusted by appropriately employing one or more of these skeletal structures. If a urethane bond is present in the molecular chain, the terminal isocyanate group also reacts with the urethane bond to form an allophanate bond, which also causes a cross-linking reaction.

Specific examples of the polyisocyanate prepolymer include, for example, an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal obtained by reacting an excess polyisocyanate with a polyol;
There is a urethane prepolymer having a polyurethane skeleton having a urethane bond in a molecular chain. Also, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
No. 14287, a polyester skeleton and a polybutadiene skeleton obtained by adding a polyester polyol and a polyol having a polybutadiene skeleton in an arbitrary order to a polyisocyanate and subjecting them to an addition reaction are bonded by a urethane bond. Crystalline urethane prepolymer having an isolated structure and having an isocyanate group at the molecular terminal, or a molecule obtained by reacting a polycarbonate polyol with a polyisocyanate as disclosed in JP-A-2-305882. A polycarbonate-based urethane prepolymer having two or more isocyanate groups therein, a polyester-based urethane prepolymer having two or more isocyanate groups in a molecule obtained by reacting a polyester polyol and a polyisocyanate, and the like. It is.

As the moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive, other than the above-mentioned various polyisocyanate prepolymers,
In order to adjust various physical properties, various auxiliary materials such as a thermoplastic resin, a tackifier, a plasticizer, and a filler can be added to the above-mentioned essential reaction components, if necessary. These secondary materials include, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, low molecular weight polyethylene, modified polyolefin, atactic polypropylene, linear polyester, thermoplastic resin such as ethylene-ethyl acrylate (EAA), terpene
Tackifiers such as phenolic resins and rosin abietic acid, fillers (filler pigments) composed of fine powders such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silica, and alumina, coloring pigments, curing catalysts, moisture removers, storage stabilizers, aging And the like.

The ionizing radiation-curable resin which can be used as the ionizing radiation-curable adhesive is a composition curable by ionizing radiation. A prepolymer (including a so-called oligomer) having a group and / or a composition which is appropriately mixed with a monomer and which can be cured by ionizing radiation is preferably used. These prepolymers or monomers are used alone or as a mixture of two or more.

The above-mentioned prepolymer or monomer specifically has a radical polymerizable unsaturated group such as a (meth) acryloyl group and a (meth) acryloyloxy group, a cationic polymerizable functional group such as an epoxy group in the molecule. Consisting of a compound having Further, a polyene / thiol prepolymer based on a combination of polyene and polythiol is also preferably used. In addition, for example, a (meth) acryloyl group is
It means an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group. Examples of the prepolymer having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group include polyester (meth) acrylate, urethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, melamine (meth) acrylate, and triazine (meth) acrylate. The molecular weight is usually 250
Approximately 100,000 are used. Examples of the monomer having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group include monofunctional monomers such as methyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, and phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate. As polyfunctional monomers, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylpropane tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate And dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate. Examples of the prepolymer having a cationically polymerizable functional group include bisphenol type epoxy resins, epoxy resins such as novolak type epoxy compounds,
There are prepolymers of vinyl ether resins such as fatty acid vinyl ethers and aromatic vinyl ethers. Examples of the thiol include polythiols such as trimethylolpropane trithioglycolate and pentaerythritol tetrathioglycolate. Examples of the polyene include those obtained by adding allyl alcohol to both ends of a polyurethane made of a diol and a diisocyanate.

When curing with ultraviolet light or visible light, a photopolymerization initiator is further added to the ionizing radiation-curable resin. In the case of a resin system having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group, acetophenones, benzophenones, thioxanthones, benzoin, benzoin methyl ethers can be used alone or in combination as a photopolymerization initiator. In the case of a resin system having a cationically polymerizable functional group, an aromatic diazonium salt, an aromatic sulfonium salt, an aromatic iodonium salt, a metallocene compound, a benzoinsulfonic acid ester, or the like is used alone or as a mixture as a photopolymerization initiator. be able to. In addition,
The addition amount of these photopolymerization initiators is about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the ionizing radiation-curable resin. In addition, as the ionizing radiation, an electromagnetic wave or a charged particle having energy capable of crosslinking the molecules in the adhesive is used. Usually, ultraviolet rays or electron beams are used, but it is also possible to use visible rays, X-rays, ion beams or the like. As the ultraviolet light source, a light source such as an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, a carbon arc lamp, a black light, and a metal halide lamp is used. As a wavelength of the ultraviolet light, a wavelength range of 190 to 380 nm is usually mainly used. As an electron beam source, various electron beam accelerators such as a Cockcroft-Walton type, a Van degraft type, a resonance transformer type, an insulating core transformer type, or a linear type, a dynamitron type, and a high frequency type are used.
One that irradiates electrons with energy of 1000 keV, preferably 100 to 300 keV is used.

If necessary, a thermoplastic resin such as a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, an acrylic resin, or a cellulose resin may be added to the ionizing radiation-curable resin. If used without adding a diluting solvent, it becomes a hot melt adhesive.

When an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive is used, an ionizing radiation irradiating device for irradiating an ultraviolet ray or an electron beam to a curved surface transfer device can be incorporated. The irradiation is performed during, after, or after and after the application of the collision pressure.

Further, various additives may be added to the various resins used for the adhesive, if necessary. These additives include, for example, extenders (fillers) composed of fine powders such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silica, and alumina, and thixotropic agents such as organic bentonite (especially for transfer-receiving substrates having a large uneven step). In this case, the adhesive may be added to prevent the adhesive from flowing into the concave portion from the convex portion.).

To apply the adhesive to a sheet such as a transfer sheet or a substrate to be transferred, a solvent (or dispersion medium) such as water or an organic solvent is used.
In the form of a solution (or dispersion) dissolved (or dispersed) in
Alternatively, a hot-melt thermoplastic composition or a room-temperature liquid uncured resin is applied in the form of a solvent-free resin liquid. As a coating method,
What is necessary is just to apply by the solution coating by a gravure roll coat etc. which are a conventionally well-known coating method, or the fusion coating (melt coating) method by an applicator etc. When used without adding a diluting solvent, solvent drying is unnecessary. For example, heat-sensitive adhesives can be used as solventless hot-melt adhesives, respectively. In addition, an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive or the like can be applied without a solvent. When used as a hot-melt adhesive, there is no solvent, so solvent drying is unnecessary even immediately before transfer, and high-speed production is possible. The amount of the adhesive applied varies depending on the composition of the adhesive, the type of the substrate to be transferred, and the surface condition.
Usually, it is about 10 to ²⁰⁰ g / m ² (solid content).

In the case where the adhesive is used as a hot-melt adhesive, and when the transfer sheet is further modified to follow the uneven shape of the substrate to be transferred and transferred, the support of the transfer sheet is necessarily made of polypropylene. It is necessary to select a material exhibiting thermoplasticity or rubber elasticity at room temperature or in a heated state, such as a thermoplastic resin sheet such as a system resin. However, from another viewpoint, a material having low heat resistance should be selected for the support. Means that you don't get it. Therefore, when the adhesive is melt-coated to form a transfer sheet, when the adhesive layer is thickly applied, the support is softened by heat during the melt coating, and the adhesive is heated in an adhesive coating apparatus. The sheet may stick to the applicator roller and may be stretched, distorted, or entangled by dragging. Therefore, in such a case, the transfer sheet may be formed by applying an adhesive via a release sheet (separator) instead of directly applying the adhesive to the sheet by melt coating. That is, the adhesive is heated and melt-coated on a release sheet having heat resistance and release properties, and then the release sheet and the sheet to be the transfer sheet are temporarily laminated by a nip roller or the like with the applied adhesive. Then, by peeling only the release sheet from the sheet by a peeling roller or the like,
The transfer sheet having the adhesive layer formed thereon can be obtained by reducing heat damage to the sheet. The release sheet does not need to be stretchable. A heat-resistant resin sheet such as biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate sheet, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, or polyimide, or paper is used as a base material. For example, a conventionally known release sheet subjected to a release treatment by such coating can be used. The thickness of the release sheet is usually about 50 to 200 μm.

A heat-sensitive adhesive is used as the adhesive.
The timing of heating to activate and thermally fuse the adhesive may be before applying the collision pressure, during the application of the collision pressure, or before and during the application of the collision pressure. The heating of the adhesive is performed by heating the transfer sheet or the substrate to be transferred. The material (transfer sheet or transfer substrate) to which the adhesive has been applied may be heated,
The material to which the adhesive is not applied may be heated, or both materials may be heated. Further, for the heating during the application of the collision pressure, heated solid particles or a fluid for accelerating the solid particles may be used as the heating fluid. On the other hand, if the transfer sheet follows the surface shape of the substrate to be transferred and is formed, and the adhesive is sufficiently activated, cooling of the adhesive may be promoted by cooling means such as cold air. Cold air is blown from the transfer sheet side or the transfer-receiving substrate side. In addition, cooling solid particles and cooling fluid can also be used as cooling means. The promotion of cooling also prevents the transfer sheet formed following the inside of the concave portion of the concave-convex surface of the transfer-receiving substrate from returning to the case where there is a restoring force after releasing the collision pressure. (Hereafter, following the next document file)

[Solid Particles] As the solid particles P, glass beads, ceramic beads, calcium carbonate beads, alumina beads, zirconia beads, alundum beads,
Non-metallic inorganic particles that are inorganic powders such as corundum beads,
Iron, carbon steel, iron alloys such as stainless steel, aluminum,
Or metal particles such as metal alloys such as aluminum alloys such as duralumin, titanium and zinc, or fluorine resin beads, nylon beads, silicone resin beads, urethane resin beads, urea resin beads, phenol resin beads,
Organic particles such as resin beads such as crosslinked rubber beads can be used. When liquid water is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, the solid particles are preferably non-metals such as stainless beads, glass beads, ceramic beads, and resin beads that do not rust or corrode with water. The shape is preferably spherical, but spheroidal, polyhedral, scaly, amorphous, and other shapes can also be used. The particle size of the solid particles is usually about 10 to 1000 μm.

The solid particles can also serve as a heating means and a cooling means. When heated solid particles are used, the activation of the adhesive by heating and the promotion of crosslinking and curing thereof, or the improvement of the stretchability by heating the transfer sheet can be performed together with the pressing of the transfer sheet. In this case, the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred may be heated to some extent by another heating method before the application of the collision pressure. For the purpose of promoting cooling after bonding, solid particles having a temperature lower than the temperature of the adhesive at the time of bonding can be used as the cooling solid particles. The solid particles may be used in combination with a part or all of the solid particles as heated solid particles or cooled solid particles, or after the heated solid particles collide with the cooled solid particles.
In addition, the transfer sheet, the base material to be transferred, the adhesive, etc., which need to be heated by another heating method, are sufficiently heated, and the cooling solid particles are used for the formation, adhesion and cooling of the transfer sheet. It can be done at the same time. In order to cool or cool the solid particles, when the storage of the solid particles is stored in a tank such as a hopper or the like, a heating means, a cooling means, or the like provided by an electric heater, heated steam, or a refrigerant provided in the tank or on the outer wall of the tank. You can do it in Further, these means may be provided on the outer wall of the solid particle transport pipe, and heating or cooling may be performed in the transport pipe. Alternatively, when a fluid is used for accelerating the solid particles, a cooled or heated fluid may be used to cool or heat the solid particles by heat conduction from the fluid. In this case, by causing the fluid to collide with the transfer sheet, the fluid can be used as a heating or cooling unit together with the solid. Alternatively, when the fluid is a liquid and a tank for storing solid particles together with the liquid is used, the solid particles and the liquid may be cooled and heated during storage.

[Application of Impact Pressure by Solid Particles] In order to strike the solid particles against the transfer sheet and apply the impact pressure to press the transfer sheet against the substrate to be transferred, the solid particles are ejected from the solid particle ejecting means for ejecting the solid particles. The particles are ejected toward the transfer sheet, and an impact pressure is applied to the transfer sheet. As the solid particle ejecting means, for example, an ejector using a rotating impeller or an ejector using an ejection nozzle is used as a particle accelerator. The ejector using the impeller accelerates and ejects solid particles by rotation of the impeller. The ejector using the ejection nozzle accelerates and transports solid particles with a high-speed fluid flow using a solid particle acceleration fluid, and ejects the solid particles together with the fluid. Sandblasting, shot blasting, shot peening and the like used in the blasting field can be used for the impeller and the blowing nozzle. For example, a centrifugal blast device is used for the impeller, and a pressurized or suction blast device, a wet blast device, or the like is used for the blowing nozzle. The centrifugal blast device accelerates and ejects solid particles by the rotational force of the impeller. A pressurized blasting device ejects solid particles together with air while being mixed with compressed air. The suction-type blast device sucks solid particles into a negative pressure portion generated by a high-speed flow of compressed air, and ejects the solid particles together with the air. The wet blast device mixes and ejects solid particles with a liquid. In addition to the blowing nozzle and the impeller, a method of accelerating solid particles using free fall due to gravity, a method of accelerating magnetic particles by a magnetic field, and the like can be adopted as the solid particle ejecting means. is there. In the case of an impeller, a gravitational force, and a magnetic field ejecting means using a magnetic field, the solid particles can be ejected toward the transfer sheet in a vacuum.

[Impeller] FIGS. 3 to 6 show conceptual diagrams of an example of an impeller that can be used as a particle accelerator of an ejector. These correspond to centrifugal blasting devices used in the blasting field. In the drawing, the impeller 812 has a plurality of blades 813 fixed on both sides by two side plates 814, and a rotation center portion is a hollow portion 815 without the blades 813. Further, the direction controller 8 is provided in the hollow portion 815.
16 are inherent. The direction controller 816 has an opening 817 that is partially open in the circumferential direction, has a hollow cylindrical shape, and has the same rotation axis as the rotation axis of the impeller 812, and rotates independently of the impeller. It is free. When the impeller is actually used, the opening is fixed in an appropriate direction. Further, inside the directional controller, another impeller having a hollow inside and the same rotation axis as the rotation axis of the impeller 812 is provided as a sprayer 818 (see FIG. 5). The spreader 818 rotates with the outer impeller 812. A rotation shaft 819 is fixed to the center of rotation of the side plate 814.
The impeller 812 is rotatably supported by a bearing 820 and driven and rotated by a rotation power source (not shown) such as an electric motor. The rotating shaft 819 has a blade 813 between them.
It does not penetrate between the side plates 814 and forms a space without a shaft. Then, the solid particles P are supplied into the sprayer 818 from a hopper or the like through a transport pipe. Normal,
The solid particles are supplied from above (directly or obliquely above) the impeller. The solid particles supplied into the sprayer are scattered outward by the impeller of the sprayer. The scattered solid particles are emitted only in the direction allowed by the opening 817 of the direction controller 816 and supplied between the blades 813 of the outer impeller 812. Then, it collides with the impeller 813, is accelerated by the rotational force of the impeller 812, and ejects from the impeller.

The ejection direction of the solid particles is shown in FIGS.
, But may be horizontal or obliquely downward (not shown). FIG. 6 (A) and FIG. 6 (B)
6A and 6B are conceptual diagrams of the ejection direction control for adjusting the ejection direction of the solid particles by setting the direction of the opening 817 of the direction controller 816 (in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the direction controllers are at the illustrated positions, respectively). Fixed). Note that the direction controller 816
By adjusting the size of the opening in the circumferential direction and the width direction, the ejection amount of solid particles can also be adjusted. In FIG. 4, the rotating shaft 819 is configured to be only outside the side plate 814 and not penetrate to the hollow portion 815. A configuration may be adopted in which the inside of a hollow cylindrical rotary shaft having an opening through which solid particles pass through is formed as a hollow part (not shown). The shape of the wing 813 is
A rectangular flat plate (a rectangular parallelepiped) as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 is typical, but a curved curved plate, a propeller shape such as a screw propeller or the like can also be used. I do. The number of blades is usually selected from a range of 2 to 10 blades. By the combination of the shape, number, rotation speed, mass and supply speed and supply direction of the solid particles, and the opening size and direction of the direction controller, the ejection direction of the accelerated solid particles, the ejection speed, Adjust the projection density, ejection angle, etc.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing another example of the impeller. The impeller 812a shown in the drawing has a structure in which a plurality of flat blades 813a are fixed on both sides by two side plates 814a. Usually, the solid particles P are supplied from above (directly above or obliquely above) the impeller. Also, the side plate 814
a also regulates the jetting direction in the width direction with respect to the rotating shaft 819a. By adjusting the shape, the number, the rotation speed, the mass of the solid particles, the supply speed and the supply direction of the impellers, the direction of the ejection (spout) of the accelerated solid particles, the ejection speed, the projection density, the ejection diffusion angle, etc. are adjusted. . The ejection direction of the solid particles can be vertically downward (not shown), horizontal (FIG. 7), obliquely downward (not shown), or the like. In addition, the above-described impeller 81
2, 812a, etc., if necessary,
By providing an ejection guide (not shown) that opens only the ejection and extraction portion of solid particles and covers the periphery of the other impeller,
The ejection direction of the solid particles can be aligned, and the ejection direction of the solid particles can be controlled. The shape of the opening of the ejection guide is, for example, a hollow cylindrical shape, a polygonal column shape, a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a fish tail shape, or the like. The ejection guide may have a single opening, or may have an interior partitioned into a honeycomb shape.

The dimensions of the impellers such as the impellers 812 and 812a are usually about 5 to 60 cm in diameter, and the width of the impeller is 5 to 20c.
m, the length of the impeller is about the diameter of the impeller, and the rotation speed of the impeller is about 500-5000 [rpm]. The ejection speed of the solid particles is about 10 to 50 [m / s], and the projection density is about 10 to 150 [kg / m ² ].

The material of the blades of the impeller may be appropriately selected from ceramics, metals such as steel, high chromium cast steel, titanium, and titanium alloy. Since the solid particles are accelerated upon contact with the blade, it is preferable to use a high chromium cast steel or ceramic having good wear resistance for the blade.

[Blowing Nozzle] FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a blowing device 840 using a blowing nozzle as a solid particle blowing means for blowing solid particles together with a fluid. Note that the ejector 840 shown in the figure uses gas as a solid particle accelerating fluid,
It is an example of an ejector in a form in which the gas and the solid particles are mixed and ejected when the solid particles are ejected. The ejector 840 shown in the figure includes an induction chamber 841 for mixing the solid particles P and the fluid F, and an induction chamber 8
The nozzle 41 includes an internal nozzle 842 for ejecting the fluid F into the nozzle 41, and an ejection nozzle 844 for ejecting the solid particles P and the fluid F from the nozzle opening 843. Compressor or blower (not shown)
Fluid F sent from a pressure tank (not shown)
Is ejected from the nozzle 844 of the nozzle 844 by jetting from the internal nozzle 842 through the induction chamber 841, a negative pressure is created by the action of the fluid flow flowing at high speed in the induction chamber 841 in the ejector. The negative pressure guides and mixes the solid particles into the fluid flow, accelerates and transports the solid particles with the fluid flow,
44 is ejected together with the fluid flow from the nozzle opening 843. It should be noted that the blowing nozzle includes a blowing nozzle using a liquid as a solid particle accelerating fluid. For liquids,
For example, a pump (not shown, when the fluid is a liquid) mixes and stores the fluid and the solid particles in a pressurized tank (not shown), and ejects the mixed solution from the nozzle opening of the blowing nozzle. used.

As the shape of the nozzle opening, a hollow cylindrical shape, polygonal column shape, conical shape, polygonal pyramid shape, fish tail shape or the like is used. The blowing nozzle may have a single opening, or may have an inside partitioned into a honeycomb shape. Fluid pressure is spraying pressure, usually 0.1-100k
g / cm ² . The flow velocity of the fluid flow is usually about 1 to 80 m / sec for the liquid flow, and usually about 5 to 80 m / sec for the air flow. The material of the ejector such as the induction chamber and the nozzle portion may be appropriately selected from ceramics, steel, titanium, titanium alloy and the like according to the type of fluid. Since the solid particles pass through the inner wall of the ejector, when metal beads or inorganic particles are used as the solid particles, the particles are hard, and therefore, a ceramic having good wear resistance is preferably used. If the fluid is a liquid,
Select a material that does not cause rust, dissolution, corrosion, etc. For example, if the fluid is water, stainless steel, titanium, a titanium alloy, a synthetic resin, or ceramic is used. However, steel or the like may be used if the surface is waterproofed.

[Fluid] The fluid F is used as a solid particle accelerating fluid when the solid particles are accelerated and conveyed by the fluid flow, and the solid particles are ejected together with the fluid from the solid particle ejection means (eg, an ejection nozzle). . The fluid F is a solid particle acceleration fluid for accelerating the solid particles. As the fluid, both gas and liquid can be used, but usually, gas which is easy to handle is used. Air is a typical gas, but carbon dioxide,
Nitrogen or the like may be used. Although the liquid is not necessarily limited, water is one of the preferred materials because of its nonflammability, ease of drying, non-toxicity, low cost, availability, and the like. In addition,
Nonflammable liquids such as chlorofluorocarbon, glycerin, and silicone oil can also be used. A liquid (as well as a gas) can be impinged on the transfer sheet along with the solid particles. Naturally, liquid has a higher density than gas, so liquid is easier to accelerate when solid particles are accelerated by a fluid flow than gas, and when liquid collides with a transfer sheet, Even at the same collision speed, the collision pressure is higher than that of gas and a practical collision pressure can be obtained. (Since the difference in density from the solid particles is small, the solid particles can be easily transported.) Therefore, in the case of a liquid, in addition to the collision pressure of the solid particles, the collision pressure of the liquid can be used as the transfer pressure. A transfer pressure can be applied, and as a result, a large effect can be obtained by molding the transfer sheet by following the surface irregularities of the substrate to be transferred. Further, when a fluid is used as the heating or cooling means when the collision pressure is applied, the liquid has a higher specific heat than the gas, so that a greater heating or cooling effect can be obtained. In addition, when the liquid is an electric conductor such as water, explosion-proof measures against electrostatic charging are easier than in the case of a gas.

[Collision Pressure Application Form] Although it is possible to use only one ejector depending on the area of the collision pressure application area, if the required area is large, a plurality of ejectors are used to reduce the solid particles colliding with the transfer sheet. Preferably, the collision area has a desired shape. For example, a plurality of rows are arranged in a straight line in the width direction perpendicular to the feeding direction of the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving base material to form a wide and band-shaped collision region in the width direction. 9 (A) is a staggered arrangement, and FIG. 9 (B) is a single-row arrangement, but the center in the width direction is arranged so as to collide on the upstream side in the feed direction. It is. FIG.
In the arrangement (B), the pressing of the transfer sheet against the transfer-receiving substrate by the collision pressure starts from the center in the width direction and is sequentially pressed toward both ends in the width direction. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the transfer sheet from closely adhering to the transfer-receiving substrate while holding the air in the center in the width direction. When a plurality of ejectors are arranged in the width direction as shown in FIG. 9, it is preferable that the pressurizing regions of the individual ejectors are partially overlapped with each other so that the ejectors are arranged so as to be able to pressurize the entire width. FIG. 9B shows an example of such an arrangement. In the figure, the dotted line indicates the pressure area. In addition, in order to lengthen the collision pressure application time,
It is preferable that the ejectors are arranged in two or more rows in the feed direction of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred.

Further, it is not necessary to make the collision pressures all uniform in the collision area. FIG. 10 shows a setting example of a mountain-shaped pressure distribution in which the central portion in the width direction orthogonal to the transfer direction of the transfer sheet has the maximum collision pressure, and the collision pressure decreases toward both ends in the width direction. This setting assists the pressure welding to proceed in a stepwise manner from a place where the pressure is high (the center part in the figure) to a place where the pressure is low (the both sides in the figure). However, in the case of a pressure distribution as shown in FIG. 10, the impact pressure on the substrate to be transferred is such that the transfer to the desired uneven surface can be completely performed, the transfer sheet is distorted due to excessive pressure, and the transfer Adjust so that it is all within the appropriate pressure range that does not cause deformation or breakage of the material. In the curved surface transfer method using a rubber transfer roller,
If the diameter of the central part of the transfer roller is made large, the central part can be strengthened in terms of pressure, but the circumferential length differs between the central part and both ends. Can not do. The collision pressure is adjusted by controlling the speed of the solid particles colliding from the ejector with the transfer sheet, the number of solid particles colliding per unit time, and the mass of one particle. Among these, in order to adjust the speed of the solid particles, for example, in the case of an ejector using an impeller, the rotation speed of the impeller,
Adjust with the diameter of the impeller. In the case of an ejector using an ejection nozzle, the opening and closing amount of a valve, the size of the inner diameter of a pipe for conveying solid particles connected to the valve, the fluid pressure (fluid By controlling the velocity of the ejected solid particles and the flow of the fluid, the adjustment is performed by controlling the single particles or the mixture of the fluid and the solid particles.

[Method of arranging ejector with respect to substrate to be transferred]
In the case of an ejector using an impeller, the ejection direction of solid particles does not spread in principle in a direction parallel to the rotation axis of the impeller, but tends to spread in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. On the other hand, in the case of the blowing nozzle, the spread of the ejected solid particles is smaller than that in the case of the ejector using the impeller, and even if it spreads, it is usually uniform and isotropic in any direction. The arrangement of the ejectors may be determined in consideration of such characteristics of the ejectors. However, when it is not possible to achieve a desired collision area size and collision direction with one ejector, a plurality of ejectors may be used. As described above, when a plurality of ejectors are arranged on the transfer surface of the substrate to be transferred, each ejector is originally arranged in parallel with the substrate to be transferred, and the ejection direction of each ejector is The basic arrangement is such that it is in the direction of the normal to the envelope surface of the substrate to be transferred. This is because such a parallel arrangement allows solid particles to collide perpendicularly to the envelope surface of the surface to be transferred (the uneven surface) of the substrate to be transferred, and basically allows the collision pressure to be used most effectively. However, in the present invention, at least a part or all of the solid particles collide obliquely with respect to the envelope surface of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving substrate. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, for example, if the envelope surface (the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the transport direction) of the transfer-receiving surface of the transfer-receiving substrate B is a cylindrical convex curved surface having a circular shape, the plurality of ejectors 32 may be used. And the direction of the ejector so that the solid particles collide obliquely with the individual collision surface (tangential plane of the convex surface) that each ejector mainly serves, and the envelope of the surface of the substrate to be transferred, which the ejector bears It is good to arrange it obliquely to the surface with respect to the normal direction. In this way, it is preferable that the ejection device is arranged so that the ejection direction of the ejection device is obliquely collided with the solid particles according to the uneven shape of the target substrate to be transferred. However, the direction of the multiple ejectors is
It is not always necessary to make all of them oblique to the side surface of the transfer sheet support. Some may be vertical,
As shown in FIG. 11, an ejector 32a may be further provided so that solid particles collide obliquely from two different directions with respect to the same transfer surface area of the transfer substrate. Further, a large number of ejectors may be provided, and some ejectors may be stopped depending on the substrate to be transferred.

[One Form of Continuous Transfer Using Chamber] When solid particles are actually used, it is preferable that the solid particles be recycled without being scattered in the surrounding atmosphere. Then, next, as an embodiment of the curved surface transfer method of the present invention, a conceptual diagram of one embodiment of the curved surface transfer device of the present invention which performs continuous transfer while preventing scattering and circulating reuse of solid particles by using a chamber. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to FIG.

The apparatus shown in the figure is an apparatus for sequentially and successively transferring a decorative layer and the like to a flat transfer substrate B having an uneven surface using a long transfer sheet S. The apparatus includes a substrate transporting device 10 that transports a substrate to be transferred B as a substrate transporting device, a sheet feeding device 20 that feeds a transfer sheet S as a sheet feeding device, and solid particles P in a chamber 33. Collision pressure is a collision pressure application unit that ejects from four ejection units 32 as particle ejection units, collides against the support side of the transfer sheet, sequentially applies the collision pressure, and presses the transfer sheet against the substrate to be transferred. An application unit 30 is provided. The four ejectors 32 are, for example, those using the impeller described above. In the impeller, solid particles are ejected from each ejector with a certain extent. Then, the direction in which the most solid particles are ejected from the ejector is defined as the maximum ejection direction of the ejector.
Each jetting direction of each jetting device is arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the substrate to be transferred in the vertical plane. The maximum ejection direction of each ejector in the horizontal plane is such that solid particles collide from the upstream and downstream sides in the transport direction, the front side and the back side in the width direction, and from the front, rear, left and right directions. . Chamber 33
Except for the entrance of the transfer sheet and the base material to be transferred, except for the transfer sheet and the base material to be exposed to the collision pressure, at least the opening of the ejector is covered from the outside, and the solid particles are not leaked into the outside working atmosphere. Like that. For this reason, the pressure inside the chamber is preferably lower than that outside (negative pressure).
I do.

The substrate transporting device 10 as the substrate transporting means includes:
It is composed of a row of driving rotary rollers for conveyance, an endless conveyor belt, and the like. The substrate transporting unit transports the substrate to be transferred at least to a position facing the ejector. In the apparatus shown in the figure, the substrate is further transported to the peeling roller 60 thereafter. Sheet feeding device 20 as sheet feeding means
Is composed of a sheet feeding device 21, a sheet supporting device 22, a sheet discharging device 23, and other guide rollers. In addition,
The sheet supply unit supplies the transfer sheet to at least a position facing the ejector. In the apparatus shown in the figure, the transfer sheet is further conveyed to the sheet discharge device 23 via the peeling roller 60. A collision pressure application unit 30 serving as a collision pressure application unit includes a hopper 31 for storing and supplying solid particles to an ejector 32, an ejector 32, a chamber 33, and a drain pipe 34 serving as a return path to the hopper for the solid particles having the collision pressure. A separation device 35 for separating solid particles from gas, a vacuum pump 36 for sucking and exhausting a carrier gas for the collected solid particles, and the like. The ejector ejects the solid particles substantially downward in the vertical direction. As a result, the solid particles collide with the transfer substrate at an angle. Note that the curved surface transfer device of the present invention is a device including at least the solid particle ejection unit, the transfer sheet supply unit, and the base material conveyance unit, and the device in the figure further includes a sheet heating device 4 for heating the transfer sheet.
0 is located upstream of the ejector in the chamber, a substrate heating device 41 for heating the substrate to be transferred is located upstream of the chamber, and a substrate for appropriately applying an adhesive or undercoating the substrate to be transferred. A coating device 50 is provided upstream of the substrate heating device, a peeling roller 60 is provided downstream of the chamber, and a cooling device 70 by air cooling is provided downstream of the chamber and upstream of the peeling roller. The apparatus is also provided with a suction / exhaust device 90 for promoting preliminary close contact with the device.

First, in the apparatus shown in the figure, a plate-shaped substrate to be transferred B is transported one by one by a substrate transport device 10, and an adhesive is applied to the entire surface or only the convex portions by a substrate coating device 50. Apply to desired parts. If the adhesive has a solvent,
The substrate to be transferred and the adhesive are heated by the next substrate heating device 41, and the evaporated components are evaporated and dried. Note that a plurality of the substrate coating devices 50 and the substrate heating devices 41 may be connected to each other, and the undercoating or the sealer coating before the undercoating may be performed simultaneously with the transfer before the adhesive is applied. Then, after the transfer substrate B is heated by the heating device 41, the collision pressure application unit 3
0 is conveyed and supplied into the chamber 33.

The transfer sheet S is tensioned by a sheet feeding device 20 including a sheet feeding device 21, a sheet supporting device 22, a sheet discharging device 23, etc., and is unwound from a feeding roll set in the sheet feeding device 21. It enters the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying unit 30 via the guide roller. When applying the adhesive to the transfer sheet during transfer,
The transfer sheet is fed from the sheet feeding device 21 to the collision pressure applying unit 30.
When the adhesive is applied by an adhesive coating device (not shown) while the solvent is being supplied, and the solvent is required to be further dried, the drying device (not shown) is dried and then supplied to the collision pressure applying section. I do.

Further, as shown in FIG. 12 (B), when the transfer sheet S enters the chamber 33, both ends in the width direction are sandwiched by the sheet support device 22 (not shown in FIG. 12 (A)). Transferred substrate B transported on the layer side surface
A slight space is opened above the substrate B to be transferred so as to face the side (in the case where nothing is performed without applying an impact pressure or the like), and the speed is parallel to the substrate B to be conveyed. Until it comes into contact with the transfer-receiving substrate B under the impact pressure, while maintaining the gap therebetween. The sheet supporting device 22 includes a belt or the like that rotates in accordance with the transfer of the transfer sheet while sandwiching both ends of the transfer sheet having a width wider than the width of the base material. Here, since the envelope surface of the substrate to be transferred is substantially flat, complete contact of the transfer sheet with the substrate by the impact pressure at the center in the width direction is temporally earlier at the above-described gap by the sheet supporting device. In the vicinity of both ends in the width direction, the operation is performed with a delay. this is,
This is one of the measures for preventing air from leaving and adhering between the base material to be transferred and the transfer sheet (particularly near the center thereof).
When transferring the transfer sheet at a constant speed in the vicinity of the transfer substrate, whether the transfer sheet is slightly separated or transferred as a contact state with respect to the transfer substrate, the shape of the surface unevenness of the transfer substrate, The preheating temperature of the substrate to be transferred, the thermal deformability of the transfer sheet, the collision pressure of solid particles, the activation temperature of the adhesive, and the like are appropriately taken into consideration. The sheet heating device 40 is heated by heater heating, infrared heating, dielectric heating, induction heating, hot air heating, or the like before being nipped and conveyed by the sheet supporting device and receiving the application of collision pressure.
Then, the transfer sheet is heated and softened, and is easily stretched when a collision pressure is applied. Since the sheet heating device is provided in the chamber in the figure, it is better to reduce the air volume in the case of hot air heating. This is because air enters the chamber, hinders the maintenance of a negative pressure in the chamber and agitates the solid particles as described later. In addition,
The transfer sheet is also indirectly heated by the transfer target substrate heated by the substrate heating device and supplied to the collision pressure applying unit. Heating by the sheet heating device can be omitted when preheating of the transfer sheet is unnecessary.

On the other hand, the solid particles P are supplied from the hopper 31 to each of the four jets 32 in the chamber 33, where they are accelerated by impellers as shown in FIGS. The container is ejected such that the maximum ejection direction is oblique to the envelope surface of the substrate to be transferred. The solid particles from the ejector also eject obliquely toward the transfer sheet S. Then, the transfer sheet is exposed to collision of solid particles ejected from the ejector. The change in the momentum of the solid particles per unit time at the time of collision is the collision pressure for pressing the transfer sheet against the transfer-receiving substrate. Here, the entire width in which the base material to be transferred and the transfer sheet are conveyed is defined as a collision area.
Then, as the transfer base material and the transfer sheet are conveyed, the entire region in the longitudinal direction is sequentially exposed to the collision pressure.
The sheet supporting device also prevents solid particles from flowing around from both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet and flowing between the transfer sheet and the base material. Then, the transfer sheet is pressed against the transfer substrate by solid particle collision pressure having a component that obliquely collides, and the transfer sheet is securely inserted into the recesses on the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and even to the side surfaces of the recesses. By being extended and deformed, it is formed following the uneven surface shape of the transferred substrate including the concave side surface, and the transfer layer adheres to the transferred substrate by the activated adhesive. The substrate to which the transfer sheet is in close contact is cooled by cooling or the like before the impact pressure is released and before the transfer sheet comes out of the chamber.

On the other hand, the solid particles that have been subjected to the collision with the transfer sheet fall downward from both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet, bypassing the side surface of the sheet supporting device 22, and the remaining part is transferred. After being transported to the downstream side while being placed on the support, only the upper part of the substrate transfer device 10 with the chamber 33 enters the small chamber 71 partitioned into a separate room. And, there, at the same time as blowing cool air from the cooling device 70 consisting of a cool air blower toward the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred, and blowing down solid particles remaining on the transfer sheet from the end of the transfer sheet to the lower part of the chamber, The transfer substrate and the transfer sheet are cooled to a temperature at which the transfer sheet can be peeled.
The solid particles collected in the lower part of the chamber are sucked from there by the drain tube 34 and collected in the original hopper 31. Also,
The air in the chamber for collecting and transporting the solid particles is also sucked by the drain tube 34 together with the solid particles, and is transported to the airflow / solid particle separation device 35 above the hopper. The separation device 3
In FIG. 5, as shown in the drawing, solid particles conveyed by air flow are discharged into the apparatus cavity in the horizontal direction, and solid particles having a high density relative to the gas fall downward by their own weight, and the gas flows horizontally as it is. The remaining solid particles that are to move with the airflow are filtered by a filter, and then discharged out of the system by a vacuum pump 36. In this way, the solid particles are transferred from the chamber entrance through which the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred enter and exit,
Avoid spilling with air. Further, in order to prevent the solid particles from flowing out of the chamber system and to prevent the solid particles from flowing back from the chamber to the hopper, it is preferable that the pressure in the chamber be lower than that of the outside. The pressure of the chamber is adjusted by adjusting the exhaust amount of the vacuum pump 36, the amount of gas flowing out of the chamber due to the exhaust amount and the like by connecting an exhaust fan (not shown) to the chamber, and the solid particles from the ejector. The amount of gas entering the chamber (especially in the case of an ejector such as a blowing nozzle using gas as a solid particle accelerating fluid), and the amount of gas entering the chamber by connecting a blower (not shown) as appropriate to the chamber (particularly, This is done by adjusting the balance with the impeller (in the case of an impeller using an impeller).

Then, the adhered transfer substrate and the transfer sheet are forcibly cooled by blowing cool air with a cooling device 70 located on the downstream side outside the chamber. Peel off from the transfer substrate. As a result, a decorative material D in which a decorative layer or the like is transferred and formed as a transfer layer of the transfer sheet on the uneven surface of the base material to be transferred is obtained. On the other hand, (the support of) the transfer sheet after passing through the peeling roller is wound around the sheet discharge device 23 as a discharge roll.

When a blowing nozzle using liquid as a solid particle accelerating fluid is used as an ejector, a dryer is provided separately above or downstream from the cooling device, or also as the cooling device itself. The liquid is dried or blown off by blowing air at room temperature or warm air to remove it. When using an ionizing radiation-curable resin for the adhesive or the like, the resin is cured by providing an ionizing radiation irradiation device such as a mercury lamp (ultraviolet light source) between the ejector and the peeling roller.

[Method of heating adhesive or the like when using chamber]
As described above, as an embodiment of the present invention, an example in which solid particles collide in a chamber has been described. However, a heating method for activating an adhesive or improving transfer sheet stretchability when the chamber is used will be further described. .

The transfer sheet may be heated by any means. For example, heater heating, infrared heating,
Dielectric heating, induction heating, hot air heating, or the like is used. The apparatus shown in FIG. 12 includes a sheet heating device 4 in the chamber so that heating before the application of the collision pressure is performed immediately before the ejector so as not to be cooled after the heating.
This is an example in which 0 is provided. However, in the case where heating is performed in the chamber and hot air heating is used as the heating means (similarly to heating of a substrate to be transferred, which will be described later), it is better to reduce the amount of blowing air.
This is because air will be introduced into the chamber, and the load on the vacuum pump for collecting solid particles will increase, including when air is used for accelerating solid particles. In addition to performing the sheet heating in the chamber 33 as illustrated in FIG. 12, if the transfer sheet is not stretched by the heating so as not to hinder the transfer sheet conveyance, the outside of the chamber, or the inside of the chamber and It may be performed both externally. Heating may be performed from any of the back side, front side, and front and back sides of the transfer sheet. Note that the sheet heating is preferably performed after both ends in the width direction are supported by the sheet supporting device.
Before that, the sheet is likely to extend in the feeding direction or hang down, thereby hindering the transfer. Next, in the heating means during the application of the collision pressure, when a heated solid particle or a fluid for accelerating solid particles is used, the heated fluid can also be used. Further, heating may be performed by providing a heat source dispersed in the gap between the ejectors. of course,
The heating during and before the application of the collision pressure can be used in combination, and the heating during the application of the collision pressure alone may be performed.

If the substrate to be transferred is coated with an adhesive or a sealer and the solvent is heated and dried by the substrate heating device 41 or the like, the substrate to be transferred is heated and then heated. The transfer sheet can also be heated to some extent indirectly from the transferred substrate. Therefore, even when heating of the transfer sheet is necessary, if the indirect heating from the transfer-receiving substrate or the heating by the solid particles or the solid particle accelerating fluid is sufficient, the sheet heating device dedicated to the transfer sheet is omitted. Can also.

The substrate to be transferred may be heated before the collision pressure is applied, during the application of the collision pressure, or before and during the application of the collision pressure. By heating the transfer-receiving substrate, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the temperature of the heated transfer sheet when the transfer sheet is heated to improve the stretchability. Further, the transfer sheet can be heated from the side of the substrate to be transferred. The substrate to be transferred may be heated outside or inside the chamber, or outside and inside. External and internal heating can be accomplished using long transport distances, even when sufficient preheating is required. If the internal volume of the chamber itself becomes large in order to provide a long substrate heating device inside the chamber, it is better to provide a part or all of the substrate heating device outside the chamber and reduce the internal volume of the chamber. However, it is advantageous in terms of handling in consideration of scattering and recovery of solid particles. The advantage of heating inside the chamber is that it can be heated just before the collision pressure is applied, or even during the application of the collision pressure. Particularly, it is intended to effectively preheat the transfer substrate having a large heat capacity only in the vicinity of the transfer surface. And so on. In addition, in the case of a substrate heating device that also has a role of evaporating a solvent or moisture in order to dry the coating and the adhesive by the substrate coating device disposed on the upstream side, it is preferable that the substrate heating device be disposed inside the chamber. Absent. A means for exhausting the evaporated solvent or moisture filled in the chamber is required, and in the case of a solvent, it is necessary to consider explosion-proof measures. The substrate heating device for such purpose is
Even if it is arranged outside or inside the chamber, it is preferable to separately arrange a substrate heating device (drying furnace) for evaporation outside. Of course, if the undercoating is performed on a separate line, it is not necessary to use the substrate heating device as a drying device. As the heating means for the transfer-receiving substrate, induction heating and dielectric heating can be performed from the inside of the substrate. On the other hand, heater heating, infrared heating, and hot-air heating are efficient from the uneven surface side. The substrate to be transferred may also be heated from the back side. If the substrate to be transferred is heated to just before or during the application of the collision pressure after the substrate to be transferred is conveyed to the opening of the chamber, the heating from the back side of the substrate is also preferable from the viewpoint of the apparatus space. As for the heating during the application of the collision pressure, in addition to the heating on the upstream side of the collision pressure application unit, a heat source may be provided dispersedly in the gap between the ejectors (heating through the transfer sheet).

[Forced Cooling of Adhesive] In the case where the adhesive is of the heat-sealing type, if the adhesive is forcibly cooled after the transfer sheet is in close contact with the base material to be transferred, the adhesive will follow the inside of the concave portion and be formed. It promotes the fixation of the transfer sheet, prevents the transfer sheet from returning to its original shape after pressure release when the transfer sheet has a restoring force, and allows the transfer sheet (support) to be separated and removed more quickly. Therefore, transfer omission can be prevented and production speed can be improved.
For this purpose, during the application of the collision pressure, the cooling solid particles are used without releasing the collision pressure, or when using the solid particle acceleration fluid, the cooling fluid is used. It is preferable to cool the adhesive layer using cooling means.
When the heat capacity of the transferred substrate is large, in addition to the cooling solid particles and the cooling fluid, the transferred substrate can be cooled from the back surface by spraying a low-temperature fluid and cooling the rollers and belt conveyor for transferring the substrate. . Alternatively, after the cooling in the chamber, the cooling may be performed by blowing cool air from the front or back, or the like, outside the chamber after cooling inside the chamber, or without cooling inside the chamber, only outside the chamber.

[Air Vent] If the adhesive to be the transfer layer or the adhesive layer on the substrate to be transferred is heated before the collision pressure is applied, if the adhesive is not activated, or if the adhesive is not activated, If the time process can be used, non-adhesive contact between the transfer substrate and the transfer sheet can be performed, so the transfer sheet is brought into contact with the uneven surface of the transfer substrate, and the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate It is advisable to perform “air bleeding” by forcibly removing the air in the gap. By removing the air, the air between the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred can be prevented from remaining “at the time of transfer”, and the transfer can be prevented. For example, in the apparatus shown in FIG.
This is performed by a suction / exhaust device 90 composed of 2 or the like. The suction / exhaust nozzles 91 are provided on the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet and on both sides adjacent to both sides along the transport direction of the transferred base material (FIG. 12).
(B) is provided along the transfer direction of the transfer substrate, and the air between the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate may be sucked and exhausted by the vacuum pump 92. The outer periphery of the opening of the suction / exhaust nozzle 91 is surrounded by, for example, a brush, and if the tip of the brush is brought into contact with the base material to be transferred and the transfer sheet, air can be vented without any trouble in transporting them. Further, it is preferable that the air be removed until the collision pressure is applied. The timing of the air release and the preheating of the transfer sheet may be started in either order depending on the speed at which the transfer sheet is preheated and softened, and the degree of softening, or both may be started simultaneously. Air bleeding is effective when the surface to be transferred of the base material to be transferred has a rough surface such as a rock surface tone or a stucco tone.

[Others] The curved surface transfer method of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above description. For example, in the description of the curved surface transfer method using the apparatus shown in FIG. 12, the transfer sheet is pressed against the transfer base material by using a long strip-shaped transfer sheet and a single-sheet transfer base material, and integrally transferring the two. While the solid jet impingement pressure was continuously applied by a fixed ejector, the transfer sheet was pressed against the transfer substrate only when the transfer sheet and the transfer substrate were stopped. It may be performed intermittently one by one (for example, the ejector is moved to these). Also,
Both the substrate to be transferred and the transfer sheet may be supplied in the form of a single sheet. In addition, the positional relationship between the ejection direction of the solid particles of the ejector and the transfer sheet and the transferred substrate is such that the positional relationship in which the solid particles obliquely collide with the envelope surface formed by the uneven surface of the transferred substrate is maintained. Also, the placement or transport direction of the substrate to be transferred is not limited to a horizontal plane (FIGS. 2 and 12).
There are a slope (FIGS. 1 and 7B), a vertical plane (not shown), and the like.
The solid particles may be ejected from the lower side of the support, that is, from the bottom to the upper side to collide with the solid particles. Further, before applying the collision pressure, the transfer sheet may be preliminarily pressed against the transfer base material by the elastic roller. In addition, the inside of the chamber is filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen to form an undercoat film layer of the transfer layer (before curing).
When using ionizing radiation curable resin, oxygen in the air,
Water vapor or the like may be prevented from hindering the curing of the resin.

[Cosmetic Materials] The cosmetic materials obtained by the present invention include exterior materials such as outer walls, fences, roofs, gates, and gable boards, architectural interior materials such as walls and ceilings, window frames, doors, handrails, sills, and Kamoi. Such as fittings,
It can be used in various fields such as a surface material of furniture such as a chest, a cabinet of light electric / OA equipment, and a vehicle interior material such as an automobile. Note that a transparent protective layer may be further applied on the surface of the decorative material after the transfer. As such a transparent protective layer, one or two or more of a fluororesin such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride, an acrylic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate, a silicone resin, and a urethane resin are used as a binder. If necessary, use a paint to which an ultraviolet absorber such as benzotriazole or ultrafine cerium oxide, a light stabilizer such as a hindered amine radical scavenger, a coloring pigment, an extender pigment, or a lubricant is added. Spray coating, flow coating, etc. are used for coating. The thickness of the transparent protective layer is about 1 to 100 μm.

[0066]

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. First, FIG. 1 shows a transfer substrate B having three-dimensional surface irregularities.
As illustrated in the plan view of FIG. 3A and the perspective view of the main part of FIG.
mm-shaped groove-shaped concave portion 401 and a brick-patterned flat convex portion 402, and a pear-finished tone having a depth of 0.1 to 0.5 mm distributed on the flat convex portion as fine irregularities. A 12-mm-thick calcium silicate plate having three-dimensional surface irregularities in which large irregularities and fine irregularities were superimposed, having fine irregularities 403 was prepared. Then, undercoating and undercoating were performed on the uneven surface by another apparatus offline. The transfer sheet S is a gravure film in which a brick-like pattern having a cement joint whose position is synchronized with the shape of the uneven surface as a decorative layer serving as a transfer layer is sequentially provided on one side of a polypropylene-based thermoplastic elastomer film having a thickness of 100 μm on a support. I prepared a printed version. As the resin for the binder of the pattern ink,
A mixture of an acrylic resin and a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer in a ratio of 8: 2 (weight ratio) was used, and as a coloring pigment, red iron oxide, isoindolinone, carbon black, and titanium white were used.

Next, in the apparatus as shown in FIG. 12, an ejector using an impeller as shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. It is placed horizontally on the substrate transporting device 10 composed of a row of transporting rollers and transported in the horizontal direction. After the melt-type adhesive was melt-coated at 30 g / m ² , the adhesive and the substrate to be transferred were heated by the substrate heating device 41 and supplied to the collision pressure applying unit 30. On the other hand, the transfer sheet S is also
The joint side of the pattern is aligned with the joint-shaped groove-shaped concave portion of the base material to be transferred with the support side facing up (register registration).
And supplied to the collision pressure applying unit in parallel with the transfer-receiving substrate. When the substrate B to be transferred entered the chamber 33 of the collision pressure applying section, the transfer sheet was brought close to the substrate to be transferred. Then, both ends in the width direction of the transfer sheet were sandwiched between the front and back sides by a pair of endless belt-shaped sheet support devices 22. In this state, preheating of the transfer sheet, activation of the adhesive, and heating of the substrate to be transferred were performed by the sheet heating device 40 using radiant heat from a heating wire heater from the support side of the transfer sheet.

Next, the solid particles P have an average particle size of 0.4.
mm spherical zinc spheres, as shown in the figure, a pair of two ejectors inclining the substrate to be transferred so that the maximum ejecting directions are opposed to each other as a set, and the opposing directions are the conveying direction and the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction. Then, two sets are expelled from the four jetting devices 32, and obliquely collide with the normal to the support side of the transfer sheet so that the maximum jetting direction of the solid particles becomes 30 °. Was pressed against the substrate to be transferred. The rotation speed of the impeller of the ejector is 3600 [rpm], and the ejection speed of the solid particles is 40 [m
/ S]. Then, the transfer sheet is extended to the inside of the concave portion of the joint and heat-sealed, and is continuously cooled from the cooling device 70 in the small chamber 71 provided downstream from the chamber 33.
After blowing the cold air to cool the adhesive and cool it to the bonding temperature or lower, solid particles remaining on the transfer sheet are dropped from the end of the transfer sheet toward the lower part of the chamber, and are removed. Was peeled off by a peeling roller 60 to obtain a decorative material D. In the decorative material, the pattern was transferred by the transfer sheet following the concave side surface of the large irregularities of the surface irregularities. Furthermore, 2% by weight of the surface of the transfer layer
A polyvinylidene fluoride emulsion paint containing a benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber was applied to a dry thickness of 10 μm to form a transparent protective layer, and a decorative material with a transparent protective layer was obtained.

[0069]

According to the present invention, a decorative material having a large three-dimensional uneven surface decorated can be easily obtained. Of course, two-dimensional irregularities such as window frames and sashes are also possible.
It can be easily obtained even if it has a wavy shape (envelope surface shape) as a whole, or a convex or concave curved shape like a tile. In addition, it is also possible to transfer on the convex portion of the large irregular surface and inside the concave portion (the bottom portion or the side surface which is the connecting portion between the convex portion and the bottom portion). In particular, since the solid particles collide obliquely, even to the side surface inside the recess,
Transfer can be performed reliably. In addition, even if there is a finer uneven pattern (for example, a hairline or a satin finish) on the large pattern unevenness, the decoration can be transferred to the inside of the fine unevenness. Further, unlike the conventional rubber roller pressing method, there is no wear of parts such as the roller due to the concave and convex portions of the substrate to be transferred. As a result, a decorative material having an extremely excellent design property is obtained, which has never been obtained before.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an embodiment in which solid particles collide obliquely in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating another embodiment in which solid particles collide obliquely in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram (front view) illustrating one embodiment of an ejector using an impeller.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an impeller part of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the inside of the impeller of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for adjusting the ejection direction with an impeller.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are conceptual diagrams illustrating another embodiment of an ejector using an impeller, wherein FIG. 7A is a front view and FIG. 7B is a side view.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating one embodiment of an ejector using an ejection nozzle.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing various arrangement forms of the ejector. (A) is an arrangement arranged in a houndstooth check pattern, (B) is an arrangement in which the central portion is on the upstream side, and is shifted to the downstream side toward both ends.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram in which a collision direction is provided with a width distribution.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing one aspect of the ejector viewed from the flow direction.

12A and 12B are conceptual views of one embodiment of a curved surface transfer device capable of performing the curved surface transfer method of the present invention, wherein FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic device diagram of the ejector portion of FIG.

FIGS. 13A and 13B are explanatory views showing an example of three-dimensional surface irregularities of a base material to be transferred, wherein FIG. 13A is a plan view and FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 solid particle ejection means (ejection unit) 2 substrate transport means (substrate transport apparatus) 10 substrate transport apparatus (substrate transport means) 20 sheet supply device (sheet supply means) 21 sheet feed device 22 sheet support device 23 sheet Discharge unit 24 Sheet support table 30 Collision pressure applying unit (collision pressure applying unit) 31 Hopper 32 Jetting unit (Solid particle jetting unit) 33 Chamber 34 Drain tube 35 Separation device 36 Vacuum pump 40 Sheet heating device 41 Substrate heating device 50 Material coating device 60 Peeling roller (peeling means) 70 Cooling device 71 Small chamber 90 Suction and exhaust device (Suction and exhaust device) 91 Suction and exhaust nozzle 92 Vacuum pump 401 Groove-shaped concave portion 402 Flat convex portion 403 Fine unevenness 812, 812a impeller 813 , 813a Blade 814, 814a Side plate 815 Hollow portion 816 Direction controller 81 Opening portion 818 Sprayer 819, 819a Rotating shaft 820 Bearing 840 Jetting device using blowing nozzle 841 Induction chamber 842 Internal nozzle 843 Nozzle opening 844 Nozzle B Transfer receiving substrate D Cosmetic material E The uneven surface of transfer receiving substrate Envelope F Fluid P Solid particle S Transfer sheet

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hirohisa Yoshikawa 1-1-1, Ichigaya-Kagacho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Haruo Miyashita 1-1-1, Ichigaga-cho, Ichigaya-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo No. 1 Inside Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer, wherein the transfer layer side of a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer is opposed to the uneven surface side of the transfer-receiving base material having the uneven surface, and solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet. Utilizing the collision pressure, the transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred, and after the transfer layer adheres to the substrate to be transferred, the support of the transfer sheet is peeled off to remove the transfer layer. A method of transferring a curved surface onto a substrate to be transferred, the solid being such that at least a part of solid particles colliding with a transfer sheet obliquely collides with an envelope surface formed by the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred. A curved surface transfer method in which solid particles, including particles, collide with a transfer sheet. 2. The transfer layer side of a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer is opposed to the uneven surface side of a transfer-receiving base material having an uneven surface, and solid particles collide with the support side of the transfer sheet. An apparatus used for carrying out a method of transferring a transfer sheet by pressing the transfer sheet against an uneven surface of a substrate to be transferred by utilizing the collision pressure, wherein at least a solid particle ejecting means for ejecting solid particles is provided. A substrate transport means for transporting the substrate to be transferred to a position facing the solid particle ejecting means, and a transfer sheet supply means for positioning a transfer sheet between the solid particle ejecting means and the transferred substrate, The relationship between the solid particle ejecting means and the substrate transporting means is such that at least some of the solid particles that collide with the transfer sheet obliquely collide with the envelope surface formed by the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred. The transfer system, including solid particles, Preparative the like solid particles impact, the relative relationship between the solid particles injection direction and the irregular surface of the transfer substrate has the relationship established, the curved transfer device.