JPH1150332A - Polyester fiber and production - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a polyester fiber improved in low repulsion property and low recovering property to repeated compression which is a fateful problem of polyester fiber and provide a method for producing fabric using the same. SOLUTION: This polyester fiber has the following characteristics: (1) specific gravity is 1.335 to 1.360 (g/cm<3> ); (2) crystallinity is 21-26%; (3) crystal size is 1;4 to 2.2 nm in face index (010) and 1.4-2.5 nm in face index (100) and 1.6-3.5 nm in face index (-105); (4) orientation degree of crystal is <=75% in face index (010) and <=85% in face index (-105); and (5) orientation degree of amorphous is 0.15-0.4 and hot water shrinkage factor is 0-35% and dry heat shrinkage factor is 0-35%.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an intermediate polyester fiber excellent in moldability, a polyester fiber excellent in resilience, shape retention and moldability and rich in elasticity, and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art European Patent Publication No. 7 discloses a two-stage relaxation heat treatment of a highly oriented undrawn polyester fiber.
No. 53395 is known. However, in this proposal, since a polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn having extremely high heat shrinkability is used as it is, it shrinks greatly by heat treatment, causing shrinkage spots, spots, wrinkles, thickness settling, and furthermore, the shrinkage processing is moderate. In addition, there is a problem that the cost must be increased due to a large dimensional change and a significant decrease in the yield.

On the other hand, a method of relaxing and heat-treating a highly oriented undrawn polyester fiber using a non-contact heating means and subsequently combining it with a drawn polyester multifilament yarn or using a blending means (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-158183).
Publication).

[0004] However, this proposal proposes a method of relaxing and heat-treating a highly oriented undrawn polyester fiber having a specific low crystallinity to exhibit self-extensibility, and imparting a soft touch and moderate swelling in combination with a drawn yarn. In spite of having self-extensibility, the resilience and the shape retention were remarkably insufficient.

On the other hand, conventionally, a multi-dimensional cloth made of a surface material and a lining and a middle yarn (also referred to as a connecting yarn, a column yarn or a joining yarn) connecting these materials, or a corrugated cardboard knit, a three-dimensional woven or knitted fabric, or a three-dimensional cloth has been used. The so-called fiber structure has excellent cushioning and heat insulation properties, and is therefore used in various fields such as lining of clothes, seats, and lining of shoes. For example, a cardboard knit using a high crimped yarn and a heat-sealing yarn as a middle yarn (joining yarn), and a two-way tricot using a spandex monofilament as a middle yarn.
Although layered knits are known, they are expensive due to the use of polyurethane fibers.

[0006] Further, since the fiber structure alone does not have sufficient set resistance and cushioning properties, attempts have been made to laminate a foamed polyurethane resin on the fiber structure. However, this is still a problem in terms of cost. However, it is not preferable from an environmental point of view.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a polyester fiber having improved low resilience and low recovery from repeated compression, which are fatal problems of the polyester fiber, and a method for producing a fabric using the same. To provide.

[0008]

The polyester fiber of the present invention which achieves the above object has the following constitution.

That is, the present invention relates to an intermediate polyester fiber having the following property (A).

Characteristics (A) (1) Specific gravity is 1.335 to 1.360 (g / cm ³ ) (2) Crystallinity is 21 to 26% (3) Crystal size is 1 in plane index (010) .4
To 2.2 nm, and 1.4 to 2.2 in plane index (100).
5 nm, 1.6-3.5 nm in plane index (described as -105 after 1 bar 05) (4) Crystal orientation degree is 75% or less on 010 plane and 85% or less on -105 plane (5) Amorphous orientation degree Is 0.15 to 0.4 and the hot water shrinkage is 0
３５35%, and the dry heat shrinkage is 0-35%.

Further, the present invention is highly oriented undrawn polyester yarn, the heater temperature 250 ° C. or more non-contact type in the heater ^{0.3 × 10 -2 g / d~5.0 ×} 10 -2 g / d The intermediate polyester fiber is allowed to shrink by 5 to 40% by passing the same under tension, and before and / or after forming the intermediate polyester fiber into a fabric without substantially stretching the same. And a heat treatment at 120 ° C. or higher to obtain a polyester fiber having the following property (B).

Characteristics (B): (1) Crystallinity is 22 to 30% (2) Crystal size is 2.5 in the plane index (010)
nm to 4.5 nm, 2.5 n in plane index (100)
m to 4.5 nm, 2.0 n in plane index (-105)
m: 4.5 nm, and the difference in crystal size between the plane indices is 1.0 nm or less. (3) The degree of crystal orientation is 010 plane, 50 to 85%, -105.
(4) Amorphous degree is 0.15 to 0.40 (5) Amorphous density is 1.31 to 1.37 g / cm ³ (6) Amorphous density / amorphous degree is 3.2 or more (7) Initial elongation is 10% or more (8) Apparent Young's modulus is 140 kgf / mm ² or less Furthermore, the present invention provides a polyester yarn having the above characteristic (B) which is rich in elasticity by using a middle yarn or a pile yarn. The present invention relates to a fabric characterized by being used in a fabric.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

The present invention relates to a polyester fiber having an intermediate structure having a characteristic value (A) described below. By subjecting the fiber and the fabric thereof to high-temperature heat treatment, a polyester having high characteristic value (B) is obtained. It is possible to transfer, and it is possible to remarkably improve the low resilience and low repetitive compression recovery (easiness of settling), which have conventionally been problems of polyester fibers. Further, in the high-temperature heat treatment of the fabric, by regulating and treating the fabric to a desired shape, it is possible to obtain a fabric molded product that retains that shape with good durability and has good resilience.

[0015] The main points of the manufacturing method are, firstly, to alleviate the strain in the direction of the fiber axis received by spinning, and firstly, to have a crystal / amorphous network having a high degree of freedom and a firm structure such as a rubber structure. Hypothesis that it consists in forming the structure,
A highly oriented unstretched polyester fiber having a relatively high crystallinity in a specific range is subjected to a shrinkage treatment under tension, and first, a precursor fiber or an intermediate fiber for exhibiting rubber-like elasticity (characteristic value by high-temperature heat treatment). (Intermediate polyester fiber capable of transferring to (B)), that is, an intermediate polyester fiber having the characteristic value (A).

Characteristics and effects of characteristic value (A) Intermediate polyester fiber of the present invention, that is, characteristic value (A)
Polyester having a high degree of crystallinity within a specific range, by stretching and heat-treating while stretching under tension, without stretching, the conventional undrawn yarn, semi-drawn yarn, drawn yarn , POY. Although it is a substantially undrawn yarn, both hot water shrinkage and dry heat shrinkage are 0 to 3
It is controlled as low as 5%, or freely as 0 to 10%. In addition, the crystallinity is 21 to 26% higher than that of the conventional relaxation heat-treated one, and the crystal size is extremely smaller than that of the conventional drawn yarn. It has the characteristic that the degree of crystal orientation and the degree of amorphous orientation are extremely low. Importantly, the intermediate polyester fiber of the present invention may change its structure and be transformed into an elastic polyester fiber having the characteristic value (B) by the subsequent high-temperature heat treatment. The elasticity-rich polyester fiber having such a characteristic value (B) has rubber-like elasticity not seen in the conventional polyester fiber, and has excellent resilience and repetitive compression recovery which are extremely useful in industry, which will be described later in detail. Present.

That is, although the intermediate polyester fiber itself does not have rubber-like elasticity, it is converted into a fiber having a characteristic value (B) by heat treatment at a high temperature, and the rubber-like elasticity is exhibited. .

The method for producing the fiber according to the present invention is as follows.
A take-up speed of 2000 to 4000 m / min, preferably 25
The melt-spun at a speed of 00 to 3500 m / min.
1-26%, preferably 22-25%, birefringence 20-
A highly oriented undrawn polyester fiber of 80 × 10 ^−3, preferably 30 to 70 × 10 ⁻³ , is placed in a non-contact type heater at a heater temperature of 250 ° C. or more, preferably 300 ° C. or more, for 0.3 × 10 3 or more.
Under tension of ^{-2 g / d~5.0 × 10 -2 g} / d, 300m
Per minute or more, preferably at a processing speed of 400 m / min, and shrink by 5 to 40%, preferably 10 to 35%. Here, the tension is a value measured at a position immediately after leaving the heater. For those having a plurality of heater zones, it is the yarn tension at a position immediately after exiting the first heater. The heater temperature is 1 from the yarn path where the yarn travels.
With the temperature sensor attached to the position within cm
This is the ambient temperature measured when the yarn is not running. The processing speed is the yarn speed in the driving device after the final heat treatment. As the polyester, polyethylene terephthalate and a copolymer mainly containing the same are used.

In order to form an intermediate polyester fiber having the characteristic value (A), (1) a specific birefringence (20 to 80 × 10
^-3 ) and a highly oriented unstretched polyester fiber having a crystallinity (21 to 26%), (2) in a high-temperature non-contact heater at 250 ° C or higher, (3) at a processing speed of 300 m / min or higher, (4) Under specific tension (tensile 0.3 × 10 ^-2 g / d ~
5.0 × 10 ^-2 g / d) and (5) shrinking by 5 to 40% are important requirements.

In order to exhibit more preferable performance,
(1) heat-treating the highly oriented undrawn polyester fiber in multiple stages using a non-contact type heater having at least two heater zones; (2) reducing the temperature of the first heater to 2
Shrinking heat treatment at 50 ° C. or higher and the temperature of the second and subsequent heaters at 300 ° C. or higher. (3) The shrinkage rate and the yarn tension in the shrinking process of the first heater are reduced by the shrinking process of the second and subsequent heaters. (4) The yarn speed is 300 m / min or more, preferably 400 m / min or more, (5) In a multi-stage shrink heat treatment using a plurality of heaters, the temperature is once preferably 80 ° C. or less between the heaters. Is 60
One or more of the conditions, such as cooling to below ° C, are selected.

In addition to the above, preferable processing conditions include:
The calorific value (heater temperature (° C.) × processing time (sec) can also be used as a guide. Usually, the heating is performed at 40 ° C. sec or more, preferably 60 ° C. sec or more, particularly preferably 70 ° C. or more. Here, the calorific value is determined by calculating the heat treatment time from the average speed of the yarn speed at the entrance drive of the heater, the average speed of the yarn speed at the exit drive and the heater length, and calculating the heater temperature (° C.). X It is obtained from the calculation formula of heat treatment time (sec).

Further, in the tension shrinkage heat treatment, depending on the combination of the heater temperature, the shrinkage rate, the processing speed, and the processing conditions by a plurality of heaters, both the hot water shrinkage rate and the dry heat shrinkage rate are as low as 0 to 35% (A). ) You can get
Alternatively, a characteristic value of 0 to 10% can also be obtained.

Transformation to characteristic value (B) by heat treatment Although the mechanism of action described above is not necessarily clear, we first relax the strain of the highly oriented undrawn polyester fiber received during spinning while applying a tension load. To do,
It is considered that, by moderate crystallization proceeding under tension, shrinkage is performed while maintaining a relatively high crystallinity. The necessity of shrinking under tension is also evident in that the heat-shrinkage of a highly oriented undrawn polyester fiber becomes extremely fragile when it is free.

Therefore, in such a heat shrinking treatment, the processing temperature, the processing speed, the processing tension, the shrinkage ratio, the amount of additional heat, and the like are extremely important invention requirements. In addition, it is considered that by performing free or restricted thermal crystallization in the subsequent heat treatment, it is possible to impart the potential to transfer to the structural fiber having the characteristic value (B).

[0025] The intermediate polyester fiber obtained in such a strain-shrinking heat treatment is subjected to dry heat and / or wet heat of 120 ° C or more, preferably 140 ° C or more, particularly preferably 160 ° C or more before and / or after fabricating. Is subjected to a high-temperature heat treatment to transform into a highly elastic polyester fiber having the following characteristic value (B), exhibiting rubber-like elasticity not considered to be a polyester fiber, exhibiting good resilience and repeated compression recovery. It can be a fabric having properties and the like. In addition, by regulating the heat treatment to a desired shape, it is possible to produce a fabric molded product that retains that shape with good durability and has good resilience.

This performance is completely different from that of the conventional method which aims at developing self-extensibility by relaxation heat treatment of a highly oriented undrawn polyester fiber having a low crystallinity.

Characteristics and Effects of Characteristic Value (B) As described above, the intermediate polyester fiber can be converted to a polyester fiber having a characteristic value (B) with high elasticity by heat treatment at a high temperature. This means that (1) the degree of crystallinity is 22 to 30%, preferably 24 to 28%, which is almost the same as that of the conventional drawn polyester yarn. (2) The isotropic crystal size, that is, 2. 5 to 4.5 nm, 2.5 to 4.5 nm at a plane index of 100, 2.0 to 4.5 nm at a plane index of −105, and a difference in crystal size between the plane indices of 1.0 nm or less is preferable. (3) low amorphous orientation degree, i.e., 0.15 to 0.40
(4) high amorphous density, i.e., 1.31 to 1.37 g / cm < ³ >, preferably 1.34 to 1.37 g / cm < ³ >; (Five)
In particular, the value of amorphous density / amorphous orientation degree is extremely high, and the value is 3.2 or more, preferably 4.0 or more. The mechanism for exhibiting rubber-like elasticity is as follows. This is presumed to be due to the formation of a network structure in which the isotropic crystal part restrains the amorphous part which is sufficiently relaxed and has a high degree of freedom and high density. As a function, rubber-like elasticity which is not considered to be a polyester fiber, that is, as a characteristic of the fiber, an initial elongation is 10% or more, preferably 15% or more in a characteristic value obtained from a load elongation curve shown in the following Table 1. And the initial stress is as low as 1.5 g / d or less, and the apparent Young's modulus is 140 kgf / mm ² or less, preferably 100 kF or less.
It has a low value of gf / mm ² or less. This value indicates that good resilience, shape retention (dimensional stability) and flexibility, especially in thick or napped fabrics, exhibit good touch cushioning and outstandingly high repetitive compression recovery. I have. The properties in the following table are obtained by subjecting the fibers (a) or (b) in the range of the characteristic value (A) to high-temperature heat treatment, thereby obtaining the characteristics (c), (d) and (e) having the characteristic value (B). ) Clearly shows the transition to fibers.

[0028]

[Table 1] Here, the fiber of the above (a) or (b) uses polyethylene terephthalate (IV = 0.68) at a take-off speed of 3
0.04 birefringence, 25% crystallinity, 255 denier, 30 filament P obtained by melt spinning at 100 m / min.
OY (conventional POY) is subjected to a 25% (a) or 35% (b) contraction process in two steps under a tension of 2.1 × 10 ^-2 g / d. On the other hand, the fiber of (c) is obtained by subjecting the fiber of (a) to dry heat treatment in a free state at 180 ° C. for 3 minutes, and the fiber of (d) is a fiber having the characteristic value (a) of 1%.
It was obtained by setting it in a 3% relaxed state at 80 ° C. for 3 minutes and performing dry heat treatment. The fiber of (e) is 18 fibers of the fiber of (b).
Dry heat treatment in a free state at 0 ° C. for 3 minutes. The conventional drawn yarn is a normal product of 150 denier and 48 filaments. The initial stress, initial elongation, and apparent Young's modulus are values measured by the following method.

NS is the hot water shrinkage, KS is the dry heat shrinkage, and the measuring method is as follows.

Tensile test: According to JIS-L1013.

Initial stress, initial elongation; As shown in FIG. 1, the intersection of the first tangent and the second tangent in the SS curve obtained in the tensile test was defined as the initial stress and initial elongation.

Apparent Young's modulus, hot water shrinkage, dry heat shrinkage;
According to JIS-L1013.

The use form of the fiber according to the present invention The present invention requires that the fiber is an intermediate polyester fiber having the property (A), and other components such as the polyester and nylon or polyolefin are added to the fiber component. May be used. In this case, for example, fibers of split type, chrysanthemum flower type, sea-island type and the like are also applicable, and depending on the application, it is sometimes preferable.

The form of the yarn is preferably a flat yarn and the object of the present invention is achieved, but it is also possible to use it as an air entangled yarn or a false twisted yarn.

The thickness of the polyester fiber used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is generally 1 to 200 denier in single fiber fineness and 20 to 200 denier in total fineness.
It is preferably used as a 1000 denier yarn.

From the viewpoint of obtaining high strength, high elasticity and shrink resistance, the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester (orthochlorophenol, 30 ° C.) is preferably 0.55 to 1.00. In addition, from the viewpoint of facilitating dyeing, the polyester is a copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate and polyalkylene glycol, and has a temperature of 90 ° C to 1 ° C.
The dye can be dyed at 10 ° C. In the case of polyester fibers using this polyester, it is advantageous for dyeing by mixing with natural fibers. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of deep color and vivid dyeing, the polyester can be a cationic dye dyeable polyester in which 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid is copolymerized.

The polyester fiber of the present invention can be mixed with other fibers according to the purpose. The polyester fiber of the present invention,
Although it is practically an undrawn yarn, the hot water shrinkage or dry heat shrinkage can be freely controlled to 10 to 35% or 0 to 10%, and mixing with other fibers is easy. The application range is extremely wide. For example, it is a preferable form to mix with at least one fiber among polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyacryl fiber, aramid fiber, polyurethane fiber, animal hair, silk, cotton, rayon, and hemp other than the present invention. It is.

The mixing ratio of the polyester fiber of the present invention is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, and even more preferably 75% or more in order to remarkably exert the effects of the present invention. Of course, it is a preferred embodiment to be constituted only by the polyester fiber of the present invention.

Form of Use as Fabric The fabric used in the present invention can be applied to conventionally known fiber sheets such as woven fabric, knitted fabric and nonwoven fabric, and is not particularly limited.

As a mode of the fabric which makes the performance of the polyester fiber of the present invention more effective, it is preferable to use any of a lapping structure, a pile structure, a kinking structure, or an application structure thereof. That is, when the polyester fiber of the present invention is applied to a thick material, nap, and bulky cloth, resilience, shape retention (dimensional stability), cushioning property, repetitive compression recovery, flexibility, hair fall resistance, etc. It can show outstanding performance.

Here, the layered structure is a structure in which two or more kinds of yarns are used for either one of the landscapes or the landscapes, and the fabric is thick, strong, heavy, has good heat insulation, and is a double-sided fabric. This is used when creating The pile structure is one in which one or both sides of the fabric are covered with fluff or wrinkles, that is, a pile, to cover the ground structure. The kinking structure is capable of producing a porous fabric in which adjacent warp yarns are entangled.

As a specific structure, a jersey fabric, particularly a double jersey fabric, a double Russell fabric, a moquette fabric or a cardboard knit fabric is preferably applied. Further, as the pile fabric, velveteen, coal heaven, towel structure, velvet structure and the like are preferably applied.

Use as corrugated cardboard knit Further, a so-called corrugated cardboard knit, which is a fiber sheet having a structure in which the support of the middle thread, which is a form of the cloth capable of further exhibiting the performance of the present invention, swells in the thickness direction and prevents settling. A specific description will be given using a cloth referred to as an example. Corrugated cardboard knit is a multi-layered cloth, a three-dimensional cloth or a napping cloth in which a surface material and a lining are connected by middle yarns (also called pillar yarns, joining yarns, and joint yarns). In addition, it has good cushioning properties with good feel and good resilience to repetitive compression (performance that is hard to set in the thickness direction), and can significantly improve hair fall, which has been a problem of conventional polyester fibers.

Cardboard knit, also known as multi-dimensional cloth,
Alternatively, it is called a three-dimensional woven or knitted fabric, a three-dimensional fabric, or the like, and is made of a woven fabric having a multiple structure, a rubber knitted structure knitted from a double knitting machine, or a double-sided knitted structure.

It is preferable to use the polyester fiber of the present invention solely for the middle yarn and a thick denier having a single fiber of 5 denier or more, preferably 8 denier or more.

In order to further increase the resilience in mixing with other fibers, as a fiber other than the polyester fiber of the present invention, a single denier is preferably 5 denier or more, and preferably 8 denier or more. Is preferred, and a twisted yarn with a monofilament is also a preferred embodiment.

The fibers used for the front and back of the cardboard knit of the present invention are not particularly limited. That is, generally used synthetic fibers, for example, filaments or spun yarns of polyester, nylon, acrylic, polypropylene, polyethylene and the like are used. Among them, stretchable false twisted yarn is preferable. Natural fibers such as wool, cotton, hemp and the like are also used. In addition, these composite yarns (cross-twisted yarn, ply-twisted yarn, long and short composite yarn, etc.) can also be preferably applied.

Needless to say, the outer material or the lining is not necessarily limited to the material on the surface or the back layer of the fabric, but may be a sheet used for the inner layer of the fabric and a fabric in which the sheets are connected by a middle thread. Further, these sheets are not limited to two layers, and may be multi-fiber sheets of three or more layers.

The cardboard knit using the polyester fiber of the present invention for the middle thread has excellent cushioning property and repetitive compression recovery rate, and can be preferably applied to vehicle seats and chairs. In these fields, hitherto resistance, bulkiness, and cushioning properties are not sufficient, and in many cases, polyurethane foams or the like are often used by laminating or laminating them to supplement the performance. If used, the performance can be demonstrated only with the fiber, the cost can be reduced, the air permeability and water permeability are good and clean, and the global environment related to the disposal of polyurethane foam However, the merit is great, such as being able to contribute.

It is more effective and preferable to apply various finishing processes such as dyeing, water-repellent finishing, lamination and coating to the fabric obtained in the present invention.

Other Uses Other properties of the fiber of the present invention and its fabric include rubber-like elasticity, which is a property in which stress is unlikely to be concentrated. (1) High tear strength (2) good shock absorption, (3) pilling hardly occurs, and the like.

As described above, the polyester fiber of the present invention has many useful properties, and can be used in various fabric structures and forms, and can be used alone or in combination with other fibers, so that the polyester fiber can be used in a wide range of applications. Is wide.

[0053] Applications include general clothing materials, vehicle seat seats such as car seat seats, automobile interior seats, chair upholstery seats, shoes, taking advantage of resilience, cushioning, and compression recovery. Utilizing the high tear strength of paragliders, such as lining of shoes (including up and bottom materials), insole of shoes, shock-absorbing and pilling resistance, training wear such as warm-up suits, and nursing care clothing It can be preferably applied to hat materials, cups such as brassier cups and swimsuit cups, shoulder pads, etc., utilizing the moldability, for fabrics, hang glider fabrics, yacht sail cloths, and the like.

Analytical Method The examples will be described below, but before that, the analytical method described in this specification will be described.

The measuring methods and conditions for various characteristics are as follows.

(1) Specific gravity: JIS-L1013 7.1
4.2 According to the density tube method.

(2) Crystallinity: W.ruland method (W. Rulan
d, Acta Cryst. , 14 (1961), 1180-1185) by the following wide-angle X-ray diffraction (diffractometer method).

X-ray generator; X-ray source manufactured by Rigaku Denki Co., Ltd .: CuKα ray (using Ni filter) Curved crystal monochromator (using graphite) Output: 50 KV 200 mA Goniometer; slit diameter manufactured by Rigaku Denki Co., Ltd. 1 ° -0.15mm-1 ° Detector: Scintillation counter Counting and recording device; RAD-B scan system manufactured by Rigaku Corporation; 2θ / θ: continuous scan Measurement range: 2θ = 5 to 140 ° Sampling: 0. 02 ° Scan speed: 3 ° / min (3) Crystal size measurement by wide-angle X-ray diffraction; (a) Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (counter method) X-ray generator; X-ray source manufactured by Rigaku Corporation: CuKα Wire (using Ni filter) Output: 35 KV 15 mA Goniometer; manufactured by Rigaku Corporation Slit diameter: 2 mm pinhole collimator Detector: scintillation Unter counting recorder; RAD-C, online data processing system Equatorial scan range: 10 to 35 ° Meridian scan range: 30 to 55 ° Scanning method Step: 2θ / θ Sampling interval: 0.05 ° / Step integration Time: 2 seconds Circumferential (β) scan range: 90 to 270 ° Sampling interval: 0.5 ° / Step Integration time: 2 seconds (b) Wide-angle plate photography X-ray generator; manufactured by Rigaku Corporation : 4036A2 type X-ray source: CuKα ray (using Ni filter) Output: 35KV 15mA Slit diameter: 1mm diameter using pinhole collimator Shooting condition Camera radius: 40mm Exposure time: 20 minutes Film: Kodak DEF-5 Crystal size is calculated by surface index From the half widths of the peaks of (010), (100) and (−105), the following Sc herr
It was calculated using the equation of er.

L (hkl) = Kλ / β ₀ cosθ _B where L (hkl): average size in the direction perpendicular to the (hkl) plane of the microcrystal K: 1.0, λ: X-ray wavelength, β ₀ = (β _E2 −β _I2 )
^1/2 , β _E : apparent half width (measured value) β _I : 1.05 × 10 ^-2 rad. , Θ _B : Bragg angle (4) Degree of crystal orientation by wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurement Calculated by the following formula from half width H of intensity distribution obtained by scanning each peak in the circumferential direction.

Crystal orientation degree (%) = [(180−H) / 1
80] × 100 (5) Degree of amorphous orientation by polarized fluorescence method Apparatus: FOM-1 manufactured by JASCO Optical system: Transmission method (excitation light wavelength: 365 nm, fluorescence wavelength:
(420 nm) Measurement system: Rotation was performed using a polarizer 偏光 analyzer and a polarizer〓analyzer to obtain an angular distribution of in-plane polarized fluorescence intensity (I‖, I〓).

Here, ‖ indicates parallel, and 〓 indicates vertical.

The degree of amorphous orientation is determined by the following equation:
Asked in ² .

F ² = 3/2 [{I {(0) + 2I}}
(0)｝ / K- ／] where K = {I‖ (0) + 4I〓 (0) + 8 / 3I‖
(90)｝ I‖ (0): ‖Measured relative polarized fluorescence intensity in the axial direction I‖ (90): ‖Measured relative polarized fluorescence intensity in the direction orthogonal to the above I〓 (0): 〓Measured Axial relative fluorescence intensity (6) Amorphous density Amorphous density (da) was determined by the following equation.

Da (g / cm ³ ) = [d-dc × {(Xc / 100) / dc} × d]
/ 1-{(Xc / 100) / dc} × d] d: fiber density (g / cm ³ ) dc: 1.501 Xc: crystallinity (%) The fiber density is JIS-L1013 7.14. The measurement was performed according to the two-density gradient tube method.

(7) Birefringence The birefringence was measured using sodium D light by the Senarmont method.

[0066]

【Example】

Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 Polyethylene terephthalate (IV = 0.68) was melt spun and the take-off speed was 3100 m / min, 255 denier,
0 filament POY was obtained. The original yarn is processed without stretching by passing it through a non-contact heater (length 2 m) in a 350 ° C. atmosphere at a tension of 1.5 × 10 ⁻² g / d at a speed of 350 m / min, shrinking by 25%, and 320%. A denier shrink-treated yarn was obtained (Example 1). As another processing condition, a yarn processing apparatus having two independent non-contact heaters was used. At a processing speed of 400 m / min, the first stage heater had a temperature of 320 ° C., a heater length of 2 m, and a tension of 1.8 × 10 ^-2 g / d. The second stage heater shrinks by 10% at a temperature of 320 ° C., a heater length of 1 m, and a tension of 0.7 × 10 ⁻² g / d.
It was shrunk by 0% to obtain a shrink-treated yarn of 340 denier. Example 2 The properties of the shrink-treated yarns in Example 1 and Example 2 are as shown in Table 2 below, and all satisfied the characteristic value (A) which is a requirement of the present invention.

[0067]

[Table 2] A plain fabric was woven using the shrink-treated yarn as a warp and a weft, and heat-treated at 180 ° C. for 3 minutes in a hot-air dryer. In this treatment, the length shrunk by about 3% and the width shrunk by about 4%. Subsequently, it was dyed with a disperse dye at 130 ° C. for 20 minutes. The obtained woven fabric has good resilience in both Example 1 and Example 2, and has a performance of returning to the original sheet shape with a feeling of pan when gripped by hand and released. there were. In both cases, the resilience of Example 2 was slightly higher.

The characteristic values obtained by unraveling and analyzing the yarns from the dyed woven fabrics of Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 3 below. The characteristic values (B) which are the requirements of the present invention in both Examples 1 and 2 are as follows. Of the range.

[0069]

[Table 3] As a comparative example, the above POY was stretched 1.3 times at room temperature (Comparative Example 1), and stretched 1.7 times at 280 ° C. (Comparative Example 2).
did. Also, without stretching using the above-mentioned POY, 35
A tension of 0.degree. C. in a non-contact heater (2 m long) in an atmosphere of 0.degree.
It was processed by passing it at a speed of 400 m / min at a speed of 1 × 10 ⁻² g / d or less and contracted by 50% (Comparative Example 3). Similarly, 180
The tension in the non-contact heater (length 2m) in the atmosphere of 1.5 ° C is 1.5
× 10 ^-2 g / d, processing at a speed of 400 m / min.
% Shrinkage (Comparative Example 4).

The yarn properties are shown in Table 4 below.
None of these four types of yarns satisfied the characteristic value (A) which is a requirement of the present invention.

[0071]

[Table 4] Further, a plain woven fabric was produced using these four kinds of yarns in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2, and the same heat treatment and dyeing were performed.
All of the obtained ones had poor resilience, and those held by hand had many wrinkles and were not restored to the original shape. The characteristic values obtained by unwinding and analyzing the yarns from the dyed woven fabrics of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are as shown in Table 5 below, and did not satisfy the characteristic (B) of the present invention.

[0072]

[Table 5] Example 3, Comparative Examples 5 and 6 Polyethylene terephthalate (IV = 0.68) was melt spun and the take-off speed was 3100 m / min, 255 denier, 3
0 filament POY was obtained. 1st. Without stretching this raw yarn. 1.8 tension with heater (heater length 2m)
× 10 ^-2 g / d, temperature 350 ° C, shrinkage 20%, 2n
d. Tension 0.7 × 10 ^-2 g with heater (heater length 2m)
/ D, temperature 450 ° C, shrinkage 10%, processing speed 420m
/ Min to shrink by a total of 30% (Example 3). As comparative examples, 280 denier, 14 filament drawn yarn (Comparative Example 5), and 300 denier, 72
A false twisted yarn of a filament (Comparative Example 6) was prepared.

As shown in Table 6 below, these characteristics satisfy the range of the characteristic value (A) according to the present invention, while Comparative Examples 5 and 6 are out of the range. Was.

[0074]

[Table 6] These three types of yarns are used as medium yarns, and 150 denier, 48-filament false twisted yarns are used as a surface material and a lining material. A cardboard knit greige machine is knitted with a double-sided circular knitting machine, and then, without being widened through a net conveyor type heat treatment machine. , 180 ° C, 3
Minutes. Then, at 130 ° C., 4
Stained for 5 minutes.

In the obtained corrugated cardboard knit, Example 3 was resistant to settling under repeated compressive loads, the entire sheet had good resilience, and good cushioning properties. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 5 and 6 were easy to set and had poor resilience and cushioning properties.

The test results of the compression recovery characteristics of Example 3, Comparative Example 5, and Comparative Example 6 are shown in Table 7 below.

[0077]

[Table 7] The characteristic values of the three types of cardboard knits analyzed by loosening the middle yarn are as shown in Table 8 below, and Example 3 satisfied the characteristic value (B), which is a requirement of the present invention.
On the other hand, neither Comparative Example 5 nor Comparative Example 6 satisfied the characteristic value (B), which is a requirement of the present invention.

[0078]

[Table 8] Example 4 The contracted yarn of Example 3 was twisted (intertwisted) with a drawn yarn of 280 denier and 14 filaments at 200 T / M (S twist). This yarn is used as the middle yarn, and 150 denier, 48 filament false twisted yarn is used as the surface yarn and the backing yarn.
The cardboard knit was knitted with a double-sided circular knitting machine. The cardboard knit was treated in a hot air drier at 180 ° C. for 5 minutes, and then dyed with a disperse dye at 130 ° C. for 30 minutes.

As in the case of Example 3, the resulting sheet was hard to set against repeated compressive loads, and the entire sheet had good resilience and good cushioning properties.

When the knitted fabric of Example 4 was loosened and the shrinkage portion of the middle yarn was analyzed, it was found that the characteristic value (B), which is a requirement of the present invention, was satisfied as shown in Table 9 below.

[0081]

[Table 9] Examples 5 and 6, Comparative Examples 7 and 8 Using the cardboard knit greige of Example 3, Example 4, Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 6, using a semi-circular molding machine at 180 ° C
For 1 minute. Example 5 (Example 3 using greige), Example 6 (Example 4 using greige), Comparative Example 7 (Comparative Example 5 using greige), and Comparative Example 8 (Comparative Example 6 using greige). The moldability, shape retention, resilience, and washing durability were as shown in Table 10 below, and in all of the items, the product of the present invention was better than the comparative example.

[0082]

[Table 10] The characteristics of the unthreaded yarns from the molded articles of Example 5, Example 6, Comparative Example 7, and Comparative Example 8 are as shown in Table 11 below. Examples 5 and 6 are the requirements of the present invention. It satisfied a certain characteristic value (B).

[0083]

[Table 11] Example 7, Comparative Example 9 Using the shrinkable yarn of Example 3 for the backing, and shrinking yarn (200 denier, 36 filaments) obtained by processing 140 denier and 36 filament POY by the same method as the outer material and the middle yarn. Warm-up suits (tissue: double jersey) as sportswear were prepared and subjected to dry heat treatment at 180 ° C. for 3 minutes, and then impact resistance and pilling resistance were examined (Example 7). This is superior to Comparative Example 9 using 150 denier, 48 filament false twisted yarn for the outer material, 150 denier, 30 filament false twisted yarn for the middle yarn, and 300 denier, 96 filament false twisted yarn for the lining. Impact resistance and pilling hardly occurred.

The results of analysis of the unraveled middle yarn are shown in Table 12 below.

[0085]

[Table 12] Example 8 150 denier for the warp yarn, a false twisted yarn of 48 filaments, and the weft yarn for the contraction yarn of Example 3 and 280 denier, 14
Using a drawn yarn of the filament by twisting (twisting) 100 T / M (S twisted), a plain weave having a density of 33 warp / inch and 46 weft / inch was produced.

The greige was passed through a conveyor net type dryer and treated at 130 ° C. for 2.5 minutes. Subsequently, the plate was treated with the same dryer at 180 ° C for 2.5 minutes, and dyed at 130 ° C for 45 minutes. The obtained thing has resilience with vertical and horizontal anisotropy, and when applied to the chest interlining of a suit, the silhouette formation of the suit is good, and there are many colors in comparison with the conventional hair core. It has many advantages, such as being obtainable, being difficult to lose its shape even with water washing, and being lightweight. The analysis values of the yarn obtained by releasing the shrinkage yarn from the interlining are shown in Table 13 below.

[0087]

[Table 13] Comparative Example 10 Polyethylene terephthalate (IV = 0.68) was melt spun, and a take-up speed of 3100 m / min, 255 denier, 3
0 filament POY was obtained. Using this POY as it is, warp yarn density of 56 yarns / inch, weft yarn density of 55 yarns /
An inch plain weave was woven. When this woven fabric was passed through hot water at 95 ° C., it was greatly shrunk (vertical shrinkage: 29%, horizontal shrinkage: 32%), resulting in an extremely hard woven fabric having many wrinkles and surface irregularities. The fabric density at this time is
The length was 74 lines / inch and the width was 71 lines / inch. This fabric was heat-treated at 180 ° C. for 7 minutes in a hot-air dryer.
Subsequently, it was dyed with a disperse dye at 130 ° C. for 40 minutes.

The obtained product had a performance rich in rubber-like elasticity, and was restored to its original shape when it was held and released by hand. However, wrinkles and irregularities generated by the hot water treatment still remained, and the commercial value was poor. The analysis values of the unraveled yarn from the woven fabric were as shown in Table 14 below.

[0089]

[Table 14]

[0090]

【The invention's effect】

A) The polyester fiber of the present invention can provide a fiber and a cloth excellent in resilience and the like. B) The cloth obtained from the polyester fiber of the present invention has an excellent settling resistance (hair fall resistance, oblique resistance). And bulkiness,
It can have cushioning properties. In particular, a remarkable effect is obtained in a multi-layered cloth called a three-dimensional cloth such as a cardboard knit.

(C) Since the fabric obtained from the polyester fiber of the present invention has the high performance described above, there is no need to make up for the lack of performance by laminating a polyurethane foam unlike the conventional product, and the cost merit is great. And can contribute to the global environment.

D) When used as a middle yarn (also referred to as a connecting yarn or a column yarn) of a three-dimensional fabric such as a corrugated cardboard knit, the performance is excellent even without using a fusion fiber or a false twisted yarn unlike conventional products. Yes, the yarn itself is inexpensive, and processing is simple and easy, so it can be manufactured at low cost.

(E) The fibers and their fabrics obtained from the polyester fibers of the present invention have high tear strength, shock absorption, and pilling because they have rubber-like elasticity and do not easily concentrate stress. It is possible to obtain a fabric that hardly occurs.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an SS curve illustrating the initial stress and the initial elongation of the polyester fiber of the present invention.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI D04B 21/00 D04B 21/00 B (72) Inventor Norimi Fujimoto 1-1-1, Oe, Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture Toray Industries, Inc. Seta Factory

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. An intermediate polyester fiber having the following property (A). Characteristics (A) (1) Specific gravity is 1.335 to 1.360 (g / cm ³ ) (2) Crystallinity is 21 to 26% (3) Crystal size is 1.4 in plane index (010)
To 2.2 nm, and 1.4 to 2.2 in plane index (100).
5 nm, 1.6-3.5 nm in plane index (described as -105 after 1 bar 05) (4) Crystal orientation degree is 75% or less on 010 plane, 85% or less on -105 plane, and (5) amorphous The degree of orientation is 0.15 to 0.4 and the shrinkage ratio of hot water is 0.
~ 35%, and the dry heat shrinkage is 0 ~ 35% 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the degree of amorphous orientation is 0.15 to 0.3, the hot water shrinkage is 0 to 10%, and the dry heat shrinkage is 0 to 10%. An intermediate polyester fiber according to the above. 3. A high-orientation undrawn polyester yarn is fed into a non-contact type heater at a heater temperature of 250 ° C. or higher in an amount of 0.3 × 10 ⁻² g.
/ D to 5.0 × 10 ^-2 g / d under a tension of 5 to 5
A method for producing an intermediate polyester fiber, wherein the intermediate polyester fiber is shrunk by 40%. 4. The method for producing an intermediate polyester fiber according to claim 3, wherein the highly oriented undrawn polyester yarn is shrunk in multiple stages using a non-contact type heater having at least two heater zones. . 5. The method for producing an intermediate polyester fiber according to claim 3, wherein the yarn speed of the highly oriented undrawn polyester yarn is 300 m / min or more. 6. A polyester fiber having the following property (B) by subjecting the intermediate polyester fiber according to claim 1 to a heat treatment at 120 ° C. or higher before and / or after forming the fabric without substantially stretching it. A method for producing a polyester fiber rich in elasticity, characterized in that: Property (B): (1) Crystallinity is 22 to 30% (2) Crystal size is 2.5 in plane index (010)
nm to 4.5 nm, 2.5 n in plane index (100)
m to 4.5 nm, 2.0 n in plane index (-105)
m: 4.5 nm, and the difference in crystal size between the plane indices is 1.0 nm or less. (3) The degree of crystal orientation is 50 to 85% on the 010 plane, −105.
(4) Amorphous degree is 0.15 to 0.40 (5) Amorphous density is 1.31 to 1.37 g / cm ³ (6) Amorphous density / amorphous degree is 3.2 or more (7) Initial elongation is 10% or more (8) Apparent Young's modulus is 140 kgf / mm ² or less 7. A fabric, wherein the intermediate polyester fiber according to claim 1 or the polyester fiber having high elasticity according to claim 6 is used as a middle thread of the fabric. 8. The fabric according to claim 7, wherein the fabric is one of a piled structure, a pile structure, and a wrinkled structure, or an applied structure thereof. 9. The pile fabric according to claim 7, wherein the pile fabric is a jersey, a double Russell, a moquette or a cardboard knit. 10. A pile fabric, wherein the intermediate polyester fiber according to claim 1 or the polyester fiber having high elasticity according to claim 6 is used for a pile yarn of the fabric. 11. A highly oriented undrawn polyester yarn is passed through a non-contact type heater at a heater temperature of 250 ° C. or more to 0.3 × 10 ^−2.
g / d to 5.0 × 10 ^-2 g / d under a tension of 5
A method for producing a highly elastic polyester fiber, comprising heat-treating at a temperature of 120 ° C. or more after shrinking by ４０40%. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein a heater having at least two independent heater zones is used, and the temperature of the second and subsequent heaters is set to 300 ° C. or higher, and 5 to 40%
A method for producing highly elastic polyester fiber, characterized by contracting. 13. A polyester fiber rich in elasticity according to claim 12, wherein the shrinkage ratio and the yarn tension in the shrinkage treatment in the first heater are larger than those in the shrinkage treatment in the second and subsequent heaters. Production method. 14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the yarn temperature is cooled to 80 ° C. or lower between a plurality of heaters. 15. A highly oriented undrawn polyester yarn is placed in a non-contact type heater having a heater temperature of 250 ° C. or more in a concentration of 0.3 × 10 ^−2.
g / d to 5.0 × 10 ^-2 g / d under a tension of 5
A method for producing a polyester fabric, comprising shrinking by up to 40%, forming the fabric, and heat-treating the fabric at a temperature of 120 ° C. or higher. 16. A method for producing a polyester cloth, wherein the polyester fiber having high elasticity obtained by the production method according to claim 11 is used as a cloth.