JPH1148883A - Shock absorbing bumper device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To absorb and relax impact energy with a bumper device, reduce the deformation of a car body, and provide more safety for occupants, by placing a leaf spring on the back of the bumper and linking shock absorbers arranged forward, backward, and diagonally outward with right and left sides of the back of the leaf spring. SOLUTION: A recessed groove is formed longitudinally in the back of a bumper 2, and a leaf spring 3 is held in the recessed grove. The leaf spring 3 connects shock absorbers 4, 4a with right and left sides of the back of the bumper 2 and shock absorbers 5, 5a are arranged diagonally outward. Impact generated in the bumper 2 is transmitted to the leaf spring 3, deflection of the leaf spring 3 damps impact due to collision, and the impact is absorbed and relaxed because rods 14, 14a, 15, 15a and elastic members 16, 16a... of actuators 12, 12a, 13, 13a of the shock absorbers 4, 4a, 5, 5a are contracted due to the deflection of the leaf spring 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shock-absorbing bumper device mounted on the front and rear of an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a monocoque structure, a frame structure, and the like have been adopted as a body structure of an automobile. The front and rear portions of the body are made easily fragile to absorb the impact at the time of a collision and dispersed throughout the vehicle body. The living space was secured by preventing deformation. Although the bumpers attached to the front and rear of the vehicle are designed to function as shock absorbers,
Most of them use resin bumpers mainly made of urethane from the viewpoint of a simple structure.

[0003]

In the above bumper,
It only worked effectively for relatively light collisions. Therefore, even in the event of an excessive collision, it is necessary not only to absorb and disperse the impact force only by deformation of the vehicle body, but also to further enhance the safety of the occupant by effectively absorbing the impact by the bumper.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a leaf spring disposed on the back of a bumper, and a shock absorber disposed obliquely on the left and right sides of the back of the leaf spring. By connecting shock absorbers arranged in the outward direction, in addition to dispersing the impact force throughout the vehicle body against a severe collision, the bumper increases the absorption rate of the impact energy at the time of the collision, and the body Reduce deformation and create a situation that is advantageous for occupant protection.

[0005]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a shock absorbing bumper device (hereinafter referred to as
The bumper device 1).
Are provided at the front and rear portions of the vehicle C.

In this bumper device 1, a leaf spring 3 is disposed on the back (back side) of the bumper 2 in the length direction thereof, and shock absorbers 4, 4a arranged in the front-rear direction on the left and right sides of the leaf spring 3. And shock absorbers 5, 5a arranged obliquely outward.

In the front and rear bumper devices 1, the shock absorbers 4, 4a, 5 and 5a have longer strokes at the front, and the basic structure thereof is the same. The bumper device 1 will be described.

The bumper 2 may be made of a conventionally used urethane resin, other synthetic resin, or metal. The leaf spring is provided on the back of the bumper 2 in the length direction thereof. 3 are formed.

The leaf spring 3 includes an elongated main leaf spring 7 along the bumper 2 and an auxiliary leaf spring 9 slightly shorter than the main leaf spring 7 and provided with circular ball portions 8 and 8a at its ends. It is superimposed. The main leaf spring 7 and the auxiliary leaf spring 9 are connected to the bumper 2.
On the left and right sides, the pair is clamped by a pair of clamps 10 and 10a fitted and fixed in the concave grooves 6 and clips 11 and 11a provided closer to the ends than the clamps 10 and 10 to overlap each other. In addition, although the leaf spring 3 is shown as the one in which the two main leaf springs 7 and the auxiliary leaf spring 9 are overlapped, a single or three or more leaf springs may be overlapped.

[0010] The shock absorbers 4, 4a, 5, 5a
Pneumatic or hydraulic actuators 12, 12a, 13, 13
a and the rods of the actuators 12, 12a, 13, 13a
The elastic members 16, 16a,... Then, the base ends of the cylinders 18 and 18a of the actuators 12 and 12a are fixed to the distal ends of a pair of left and right beams 17 and 17a protruding from the body frame toward the bumper 2, and the left and right sides of the back of the leaf spring 3 The shock absorbers 4 and 4a are arranged in the front-rear direction. Also, clevis 19, rods 14 and 14a of actuators 12 and 12a
The tongue-shaped brackets 20 and 20a protruding from the clamps 10 and 10a with the rods 19 and 14a fixed and the rods 14 and 14a extended.
The shock absorbers 4 and 4a are connected to the left and right sides of the back of the leaf spring 3 by pin-connecting the clevis 19 and 19a.

In the cylinders 18 and 18a of the actuators 12 and 12a, tongue-shaped brackets 21 and 21a are protrudingly provided on the side portions corresponding to the end portions of the leaf spring 3, and the actuators are attached to the brackets 21 and 21a. 13, 13a cylinder
The base ends of 22 and 22a are pivotally connected, and shock absorbers 5 and 5a are arranged obliquely outward on the left and right sides of the back of the leaf spring 3. And the rods of the actuators 13 and 13a
With the 15 and 15a extended, the clevis 23 and 23a provided at the distal end of the rods 15 and 15a are pin-connected to the balls 8 and 8a, and the shock absorbers 5 are attached to the left and right ends of the back of the leaf spring 3. 5a is connected.

The elastic members 16, 16a are composed of compression springs, and have flanges 24, 24a provided at the base ends of the clevis 19, 19a, 23, 23a, and cylinders 18, 18a, 22, 22.
a between the end faces of the front end.

Next, a modified example of the bumper device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
It will be described based on. The bumper device 1 has elastic members 25, 25a, 26, 26a interposed between the bumper 2 and the leaf spring 3, and the elastic members 25, 25a, 26, 26a are composed of double coil springs, Coil springs may be arranged in two layers or compression coil springs 27, 27a as shown in the figure.
, And the conical coil springs 28, 28a are arranged inside and outside of each other, and large-diameter ends of the conical coil springs 28, 28a are in contact with the bumper 2 side.

More specifically, a support plate 29 corresponding to the length of the groove 6 of the bumper 2 and having a U-shaped cross section is fitted and fixed in the groove 6, and the clamps 10 and 10a A pair of upper and lower stud bolts 30 and 30a are protruded at positions corresponding to, and the upper and lower ends of the clamps 10 and 10a are slidably inserted into the stud bolts 30 and 30a, and the support plate 29 and the clamps 10,
Elastic members 25, 25a are interposed between 10a. The stud bolts 30 and 30a are clamped by bolts.
10 and 10a are retained.

In the clamps 10 and 10a, the support plate 28
Are formed as spring receiving seats 31 and 31a, and plate-like spring receiving seats 32 and 32a are fixed to portions of the support plate 29 opposite the clamps 10 and 10a. Spring seat 31, 31
a, 32, 32a have compression coil springs 27, 27a
Are projected, and the conical coil springs 28, 28a are arranged around the projections 33, 33a.
Annular walls 34, 34a...

The corners of the support plate 29 and the main leaf spring 7
An elastic member 26, 26a is interposed between the end portions of the support plate 29 and a spring receiving seat similar to the above provided on the opposing surface of the support plate 29 and the main leaf spring 7.
The elastic members 26, 26a are held by 35, 35a, 36, 36a.

Next, the operation of the shock absorbing bumper device according to the present invention will be described. At the time of a frontal collision or a rearward collision, as shown in FIG.
It is transmitted to the leaf spring 3 on the back thereof, and the leaf spring 3 bends to attenuate the impact due to the collision. Further, the deflection of the leaf spring 3 is reduced by the rods 14, 14 of the actuators 12, 12a, 13, 13a.
Shrinkage of the elastic members a, 15, 15a and the elastic members 16, 16a absorbs and reduces the impact.

In particular, in the case of a one-sided collision, the deflection of the leaf spring 3 concentrated on one side is mainly absorbed and reduced by the shock absorbers 4, 4a, 5 and 5a on one side.

An elastic member is provided between the bumper 2 and the leaf spring 3.
In the bumper device 1 provided with 25, 25a, 26, 26a, the elastic members 25, 25a, 26, 26a contract to increase the damping force at the time of collision.

[0020]

In short, according to the present invention, the leaf spring 3 is arranged on the back of the bumper 2 and the shock absorbers 4, 4a, 5 and 5a are connected to the back of the leaf spring 3, so that the bumper 2 The leaf spring 3 at the back of
The shock energy is attenuated, and the deflection of the leaf spring 3 caused by the shock is attenuated by the shock absorbers 4, 4a, 5, and 5a, thereby absorbing and mitigating the impact energy due to the collision. As described above, in the event of a collision, the bumper device 1 absorbs and reduces the impact energy caused by the collision, so that the deformation of the vehicle body is smaller than in the related art, and occupant safety can be further improved.

Further, the shock absorbers 4, 4a arranged in the front-rear direction and the shock absorbers 5, 5a arranged diagonally outward are connected to the left and right sides of the back of the leaf spring 3, so that the leaf spring 3 When the amount of deflection at the center is large, the shock absorbers 4 and 4a mainly work to attenuate the deflection of the leaf spring 3, and when the amount of deflection of one side of the leaf spring 3 is large, the shock absorbers 4, 4a, 5 and 5a mainly acts to attenuate the deflection of the leaf spring 3, and can absorb and reduce impact energy. In particular, the driver often turns the steering wheel at the moment of a collision, so that the impact is often concentrated on one side of the bumper 2. In such a case,
According to the present invention, the impact energy concentrated on one side can be absorbed and mitigated, the deformation of the vehicle body can be reduced, and the safety of the occupant can be improved.

An elastic member 2 is provided between the bumper 2 and the leaf spring 3.
With the interposition of 5, 25a, 26, and 26a, the damping force at the time of collision can be increased, and the practical effects such as the ability to absorb and mitigate the impact energy more than the above can be extremely large.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a mounted state of a shock absorbing bumper device.

FIG. 2 is a simplified diagram showing a mounting state of the shock absorbing bumper device.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a front shock absorbing bumper device.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a connection state of a bumper and a leaf spring.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state at the time of a frontal collision.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a modified example of the shock absorbing bumper device.

FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a connection portion of the shock absorbing bumper device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a connection state between a bumper and a leaf spring.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Bumper 3 Leaf spring 4, 4a Shock absorber 5, 5a Shock absorber 25, 25a Elastic member 26, 26a Elastic member

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A shock absorbing bumper device wherein a leaf spring is disposed on the back of the bumper and a shock absorber is connected to the back of the leaf spring. 2. A shock absorbing bumper device comprising a shock absorber arranged in a front-rear direction and a shock absorber arranged in a diagonally outward direction on the left and right sides of the back of a leaf spring. 3. The shock absorbing bumper device according to claim 1, wherein an elastic member is interposed between the bumper and the leaf spring.