JPH1137653A - Storage drier of grain drier - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a paddy storage cabinet unnecessary and avoid over-drying by dontinuously drying grains to a specified moisture content when the grains are dried while being stored for a long time and then repeating drying every specified number of days calculated from a finish target moisture content and storage period of time. SOLUTION: When grains are dried while being stored for a long time, first the grains are continuously dried until a specified moisture content MS 1 of the grains is reached (S-104). Then, storage state is started (S-106), and a specified number of days at intervals of which drying is performed and drying reduction ratio of the specified moisture content MS 1 are calculated from a set storage time and a target moisture content MS and operation enters storage drying (S-107). During this period grain temperature TC1 is measured (S-108), and if a temperature not less than a specified temperature TC is detected (S-109), outside air ventilation drying (S-110) is effected and storage drying is restored. After the detected moisture content MS 1 of the grain reaches the target value MS, a ventilator is stopped and the grains are circulated for a period of T3 at intervals of T1 (S-113).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a storage and drying apparatus for drying a grain stored in a grain dryer by drying a predetermined amount of water every predetermined number of days while storing the grains for a long time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Grains from a grain storage chamber of a grain dryer to a grain drying chamber are dried while being exposed to hot air generated from a burner while circulating. When the detected grain moisture value reaches the finish target moisture value, the dryer is stopped and drying of the grain is stopped.

[0003] The dried kernels are discharged and stored in a paddy storage separately provided in a drying work place.

[0004]

The dried grains are discharged to another paddy storage to be stored, which increases the cost. Also, if the dried grains are stored in the dryer as they are, the preheating becomes difficult. Drying has progressed and overdrying has occurred due to, for example, this problem. However, these problems are to be solved by the present invention.

[0005]

According to the present invention, the grains are circulated from the upper grain storage chamber 7 to the lower grain drying chamber 8 while being exposed to the hot air generated from the burner 3 for drying. In a grain dryer for detecting grain moisture with the moisture sensor 2, when drying while storing the grains for a long time, the grains are continuously dried up to a predetermined moisture value MS1, and thereafter, the storage period M and the finish target moisture value are obtained. The drying machine is started every predetermined number of days by the MS and controlled so as to reduce the predetermined moisture content, and reaches the finishing target moisture value MS, and after the drying is completed, a predetermined time T1.
In addition to controlling the circulation of the grains every time, the grain temperature TC1 detected by the grain temperature sensor 80 during storage is equal to or higher than the predetermined grain temperature TC, and the ventilation drying by the outside air is performed for a predetermined time T2.
A long-term storage and drying device for a grain dryer is provided, which is provided with a control device 48 for performing control.

[0006]

When the grains stored in the grain dryer are dried while being stored for a long period of time, the controller 48 controls the grains from the grain storage chamber 7 of the dryer to the grain drying chamber 8. Is dried by being exposed to the hot air generated from the burner 3 while circulating, and the grain moisture during the drying is detected by the moisture sensor 2, and the detected grain moisture value is changed to a set predetermined moisture value. Until the water reaches MS1, the drying of the grain is continued and continuously dried. When the moisture reaches the predetermined moisture value MS1, the dryer is stopped, and the drying of the grain is stopped and stored.

After the continuous drying, the controller 48 starts and dries the dryer every predetermined number of days according to the set storage period M for storing the drier in the dryer and the set finish target moisture value MS. When the predetermined moisture content is reduced to dryness, the process is stopped, and the drying is repeated every predetermined number of days until the finish target moisture value MS is reached, so that the grain is dried. When the finish target moisture value MS is reached, the dried kernels are thereafter repeatedly circulated in the dryer every predetermined time T1.

Further, when the grain temperature TC1 detected by the grain temperature sensor 80 during the storage is equal to or higher than the predetermined grain temperature TC set by the controller 48, the ventilation drying by the outside air is set. A predetermined time T2 is performed to lower the grain temperature.

[0009]

According to the present invention, when drying while storing in a dryer for a long time, continuous drying is performed until a predetermined moisture value MS1 is reached, and thereafter, a predetermined number of days is determined by the storage period M and the finish target moisture value MS. By drying by drying the predetermined amount of water every time, the grain does not generate steam in the dryer, and the grain is circulated every predetermined time after the drying is completed, so that the machine wall is dried. The dew condensation of the grain on the side can be prevented, and when the grain temperature further rises, steam drying of the grain can be further prevented by drying with ventilation.

[0010]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The figure shows a circulation type grain dryer 1 for drying grains.
1 shows a state in which a moisture sensor 2 for detecting moisture in a grain and a burner 3 for generating hot air are mounted. The dryer 1 is provided with a transfer trough 5 having a transfer spiral rotatably mounted therein and a ceiling plate 6 above the machine wall 4 in a rectangular shape which is long in the front-rear direction. A grain storage chamber 7 for storing is formed.

Between the front and rear machine walls 4 and 4 and between the left and right machine walls 4 and 4 forming the grain storage chamber 7, front and rear reinforcements for reinforcing the storage chamber 7 as shown in FIG. 78, 78 are provided at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction, and left and right reinforcing members 79, 79 are provided.
Are provided at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction. As shown in FIG. 3, a grain temperature sensor 80 is provided below the left and right reinforcing members 79 on the front side, and the temperature of the grains in the storage chamber 7 is detected by the grain temperature sensor 80. Further, the grain temperature sensor 80 may be provided at a lower portion inside the front machine wall 4.

As shown in FIG. 3, a hot air temperature sensor 55 for detecting the temperature in the storage chamber 7 is provided inside the ceiling plate 6, and outside the ceiling plate 6 for detecting the outside air temperature. A configuration in which the temperature sensor 56 is provided may be adopted. As shown in FIG. 3, a humidity sensor 81 for detecting the humidity in the storage room 7 may be provided above the front side machine wall 4.

The grain drying chambers 8, 8 are provided below the storage chamber 7 and between the left and right exhaust chambers 9, 9 and the central blowing chamber 10, and below these drying chambers 8, 8, Discharge valves 11 for distributing and flowing down the grains are rotatably supported on respective shafts. A hot air temperature sensor 55 for detecting a hot air temperature is provided in the blower chamber 10. The collecting gutter 12 rotatably supports a transfer spiral and is provided below each of the drying chambers 8 and 8 so as to communicate with each other.

The burner 3 is provided inside a burner case 13, and the burner case 13 is detachably attached to the outside of the front machine wall 4 in front of the front machine wall 4 so as to correspond to the inlet side of the blower chamber 10. And an operation device 14 for starting and stopping the dryer 1, the moisture sensor 2, the burner 3 and the like for each of the operations of filling, drying, and discharging, is attached to and detached from the outer surface of the front side machine wall 4. It is provided freely.

An exhaust fan 15 is provided on a rear exhaust wall 17 in the center of an exhaust passage chamber 16 provided to communicate with the left and right exhaust chambers 9 on the rear wall 4. The wall 4 is provided with a fan motor 18 for driving the fan 15 to rotate. An exhaust air temperature sensor 57 for detecting an exhaust air temperature is provided in the exhaust air passage chamber 15. The valve motor 19 includes the delivery valve 1
1, 11 are driven to rotate via a speed reduction mechanism.

The fuel pump 20 has a fuel valve,
The fuel pump 20 sucks the fuel in the fuel tank 21 and supplies the fuel to the burner 3 by opening and closing the fuel valve. Blower 22
Is provided on the outer side of the upper plate, is driven to rotate at a variable speed by a blower motor 23 for speed change, and blows combustion air corresponding to the supplied fuel amount to the burner 3 by the blower 22. Burner 3
The hot air generated from the air and the outside air passing through the burner case 13 are mixed to form dry hot air.

The diffusion board 24 is provided at the center in the front-rear direction of the bottom plate of the transfer gutter 5 and below the supply port for supplying the transfer kernels to the storage chamber 7, and uniformly diffuses and reduces the kernels in the storage chamber 7. ing.
The grain raising machine 25 is provided on the outer side of the front side machine wall 4, and has a belt with a bucket conveyor 26 stretched therein, and the upper end thereof is provided with a discharge cylinder 27 between the starter of the transfer gutter 5. The lower end is provided with a supply gutter 28 to communicate with the end of the grain collecting gutter 12.

The grain raising machine motor 29 is connected to the bucket conveyor 2.
The belt with 6, the transfer spiral in the transfer gutter 5, the diffusion board 24, the transfer spiral in the grain collecting gutter 12, and the like are rotationally driven. The moisture sensor 2 is provided substantially at the center of the grain raising machine 25 in the vertical direction. The moisture sensor 2 transmits an electrical measurement signal from the operation device 14 to rotate the moisture motor 30 to rotate and drive various parts of the moisture sensor 2. In response to this, the moisture in the crushed grains is detected while crushing and compressing the grains. An electrode temperature sensor 58 for detecting the temperature of the electrode is provided in the moisture sensor 2.

The operating device 14 is a box-shaped push button for starting the drying machine 1, the moisture sensor 2, the burner 3 and the like on the surface plate of the box body for each of operations of drying, drying and discharging. -Type on / off switch incorporation / drying / discharge starting means 31a, 31b, 31c, stopping means 32 for stopping the dryer 1 and the buzzer 33, moisture setting means for setting a target finish moisture of kernels 34, indication lamps 35 for each moisture, and a drying type setting means 3 for setting a hot air temperature generated from the burner 3 and setting a drying type as a drying speed.
6. Display lamps 37 for each type of drying, setting amount setting means 38 for setting the amount of stuffed grain, display lamps 39 for both the number of stones and ventilation drying, moisture correction for correcting grain moisture value Means 40, a timer increase / decrease to increase or decrease the set time of the timer.
Reduction means 41, 42, emergency stop means 43a, power supply start means 44, display means 4 for digitally displaying various display items.
3. Monitor display lamps 45, 45 for displaying motor abnormalities and sensor abnormalities, a display lamp 46 for displaying the mixed state of immature grains, and a display lamp 47 for displaying a state of water variation in grains. Outside the bottom plate of the box,
As shown in FIG. 4, an outside air temperature sensor 56 for detecting the outside air temperature is provided.

The method of setting various items by operating the setting means 34, 36, 38 has the following construction. For example, when setting a fast drying mode for rice grain, by turning on the drying setting means 36,
This display lamp 37 is sequentially turned on from the display lamp 37 at the position where the rice grain is slow, and when the display lamp 37 at the display position is turned on as soon as possible, the drying setting means 36 is turned off during this turn on, thereby enabling quick drying. The mode can be set, and by this setting, for example, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner 3 is controlled so that the drying loss rate per hour is reduced by 0.8%, and the drying is performed.

In order to set the finish target moisture value MS to 15%, the moisture setting means 34 is turned on to sequentially turn off the display lamp 35 of the cutting position.
5 is turned on, and when the display lamp 35 at the display position of 15% is turned on, the moisture setting means 34 is turned off during this lighting.
By operating, the finish target moisture can be set to 15%. The setting of the filling amount can be set by operating the filling amount setting means 38 in the same manner as described above.

The insertion amount setting means 38 is, for example, 24
Assuming that the dryer 1 can dry stone grains,
The minimum indentation amount of 4 stones is displayed as 1 and 6 stones are displayed as 2, and thereafter 8 stones, 10 stones, 12 stones, 14 stones, 16 stones, 18 stones,
20 stones, 22 stones, 24 stones 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
9, 10, and 11 are displayed. The control device 48 is provided in the operation device 14 and includes a paddy flow sensor 49.
Detection, input of digital sensor information, and moisture sensor 2
Digital input circuit 50, burner 3 to which the determination of
The comparison circuit 52 to which the detection of the frame lot 51 for detecting the flame generated from the input is inputted, and the respective start setting means 31a, 31
b, 31c, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 41, 4
2, 43a, 44, a digital input circuit 53, a detection value detected by the moisture sensor 2, and an analog input circuit 54 to which analog sensor information is input, a hot air temperature sensor 55, an outside air temperature sensor 56, and exhaust air. Temperature sensor 57, electrode temperature sensor 58, grain temperature sensor 79, and temperature sensor 8
A voltage conversion circuit 59 to which a detection value detected by 0 is input, A
A digital input circuit 63 to which a -D conversion circuit 60, a serial data receiving circuit 61, and a memory clear 62 are input; and these circuits 50, 52, 53, 54, 59, 60, 61,
A microcomputer 64 for controlling the dryer for performing arithmetic logic operation, comparison operation, and the like from the input 63, a memory 65, and a blower motor 18, a valve motor 19 via an output circuit 66 in accordance with a command from the microcomputer 64 for controlling the dryer. Start and stop control of the grain raising motor 29, start and stop control of the fuel valve, fuel pump 20, burner motor 68 and igniter 69 via an output circuit 67, and a pulse drive circuit 70
To control the start and stop of the fuel valve via a rotation command output circuit 71 to start, stop and adjust the blower motor 23, and to control the input to the dryer control microcomputer 64 via a rotation pulse input circuit 72; The water motor 30 is controlled to start and stop via the output circuit 73, various items are displayed on the display means 43 via the display circuit 75, and the buzzer 33 is operated and stopped via the output circuit 74 to control the serial data transmission circuit. 76, a nonvolatile memory 77, and the like.

When the drying is performed by storing and drying the grains for a long time in the dryer 1, for example, the following operation is performed. By simultaneously turning on both the sticking start means 31a and the drying start means 31b, the dryer 1
Is started. In the case of the storage drying in which drying is performed while storing, a configuration may be adopted in which a dedicated starting means is provided. The setting of the finish target moisture value MS is configured to be set by the above-described operation. The storage period M is set by turning on the insertion amount setting means 38, the display lamps 39 are sequentially turned on from the display lamp 39 of the display position, and the display lamps 39 of the ventilation and the display position are turned on. When the light is turned on, the inset amount setting means 38 is turned off during this lighting, and if the storage period is set to four months, the inset amount setting means 38 is turned on again, whereby 1
The display lamp 39 at the display position is sequentially turned on from the display lamp 39 at the display position, and when the display lamp 39 at the display position is turned on, the sticking amount setting means 38 is turned off during the lighting.
By operating, the storage period M can be set to four months. In the case of storage drying in which drying is performed while storing, a configuration may be adopted in which a dedicated storage period setting unit is provided.

The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 1. For example, assuming that the embedding grain moisture value is 25%, the grain having the grain moisture value of 25% is stored for a long time. In the case of the storage drying to be dried, the storage drying is started (S-101). For example, the storage period is set by operating 4 months, and the finish target moisture value MS is set by operating 15%. It is input to the control device 48 (S-10).
2), 25% of the embedding grain moisture value is detected as described above (S-103), and the predetermined moisture value MS1 is, for example, a grain moisture value of 17% in which the quality of the grain is relatively small, such as 17%. Device 4
8 and stored. Continuous drying is performed until the set predetermined grain moisture value MS1 reaches 17% (S-10).
4) Grain moisture value is detected and 17% of predetermined moisture value MS1
Is detected (S-105), and if NO is determined (S-105)
Return to 104). If determined to be YES, the storage state is started (S-106), and the set storage period is four months,
Based on 15% of the finish target moisture value MS, the number of days for each predetermined number of days for drying and the drying loss rate for reducing the predetermined moisture amount are calculated, for example, 17% of the predetermined moisture value MS1 in four months.
In order to obtain the target moisture value MS of 15%, the grain moisture value is reduced by 2%, and for this purpose, the moisture content is reduced by 0.5% in one month.

When the drying operation is performed twice a month, it is calculated that the drying loss rate is 0.25% in one drying operation, and the stored drying is performed while drying for a long time (S-10).
7). The number of times of the drying operation in one month may be two or three, but when the number is three, the drying loss rate is reduced. During this storage drying operation, the kernel temperature TC1 is detected (S-108), and the detected kernel temperature TC1 is determined by the control device 4.
8 is detected to be equal to or higher than the predetermined grain temperature TC stored and set to 8 (S-109), and if YES is determined, the predetermined time T2 set and stored in the control device 48 is equal to the ventilation by the outside air. It is dried (S-110) and returns to (S-109). The amount of water that has been dried during the ventilation drying is added and dried at the next storage drying with hot air. In other words, drying is performed by subtracting the amount of water that has been dried during ventilation drying. If NO is determined in (S-109), the storage drying for drying while storing for a long time is continued (S-111),
It is detected whether or not the detected grain moisture value MS1 is equal to or less than the finish target moisture value MS (S-112), and if NO is determined (S-10)
Return to 9). When YES is determined, every time the predetermined time T1 set and stored in the control device 48 elapses, the kernel is circulated for the predetermined time T3 set and stored in the control device 48 (S-113). At the time of this kernel circulation, the exhaust fan 17 is circulated in a stopped state. Returned (S
-114).

Thus, even if it is dried while being stored for a long period of time, it is possible to prevent the generation of steam on the grain and the formation of dew on the grain. In the grain dryer 1 that dries while storing the grains for a long period of time, the grain temperature sensor 80 provided on the left and right reinforcing members 79 on the front side in the storage chamber 7 controls the temperature of the grains in the storage chamber 7 for a predetermined time. At the same time, the outside air temperature sensor 56
Thus, the outside air temperature is detected at predetermined time intervals. These detections are configured to be detected at approximately the same time.

When the temperature difference between the detected grain temperature and the outside air temperature is equal to or larger than a predetermined value, ventilation drying with outside air is performed for a predetermined time in order to lower the kernel temperature. If the temperature difference between the detected grain temperature and the outside air temperature is equal to or larger than a predetermined value, dew may be formed on the grain in the dryer 1. Although the value may increase, dew condensation can be prevented by performing ventilation drying with outside air.

In the grain dryer 1 for drying while storing grains for a long period of time, as shown in FIG.
A hot air temperature sensor 55 for detecting the temperature in the storage chamber 7 is provided on the inner side of the storage chamber 7, and an outside air temperature sensor 56 for detecting the outside air temperature is provided on the outer side of the ceiling plate 6. . When the detected temperature difference between the temperature in the storage chamber 7 and the outside air temperature is equal to or more than a predetermined value, the temperature in the storage chamber 7 increases because the kernel temperature is high, and thus the kernel temperature increases. In order to reduce the airflow, ventilation drying by outside air is performed for a predetermined time.

If the temperature difference between the grain temperature and the outside air temperature is equal to or more than a predetermined value, dew may be formed on the grain in the dryer 1. Although the value may increase, dew condensation can be prevented by performing ventilation drying with outside air. In the grain dryer 1 for drying while storing grains for a long time,
As shown in FIG. 3, a grain temperature sensor 80 provided in the storage chamber 7 detects the grain temperature in the storage chamber 7, and the operating device 1
The outside air temperature is detected by an outside air temperature sensor 56 provided in the storage chamber 7, and a humidity sensor 81 provided in the storage chamber 7 is used to detect the outside air temperature.
The humidity in the storage chamber 7 is detected.

When the difference between the detected grain temperature and the outside air temperature is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, in a configuration in which the air is dried by ventilation with outside air, the absolute humidity is calculated from the humidity detected by the humidity sensor 81, and the absolute humidity is low. In the morning, ventilation drying by outside air is performed for a predetermined time. Thereby, the air humidity in the stored grains in the storage room 7 can be reduced, and the condensation of the grains in the storage room 7 can be prevented.

In the grain drying 1 in which the grains are dried while being stored for a long time, a grain temperature sensor 80 provided in the storage chamber 7 is provided.
Thus, the grain temperature in the storage chamber 7 is detected at predetermined time intervals, and the outside air temperature sensor 56 provided in the operating device 14 is used to detect the outside air temperature at predetermined time intervals. Is calculated.

When the temperature difference between the detected grain temperature and the average daily outside temperature is equal to or more than a predetermined value, ventilation drying with outside air is performed for a predetermined time in order to lower the temperature of the grain. . Thus, by setting the outside air temperature to the average outside air temperature per day, unnecessary ventilation drying is not performed, and more efficient ventilation drying can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view of a grain dryer partially sectioned.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view of the operating device that can be partially broken;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Moisture sensor 3 Burner 7 Grain storage room 8 Grain drying room 48 Controller 80 Grain temperature sensor MS Finish target moisture value MS1 Predetermined moisture value M Storage period T1 Predetermined time (circulation) T2 Predetermined time (ventilation) TC Predetermined grain Grain temperature TC1 Detected grain temperature

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Keiichi Miyazaki, 1-Eight Hachikura, Toze-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Prefecture, Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. Technical Department (72) Inventor Takashi Uehara 1 Toya-cho, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Prefecture Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. While circulating grains from an upper grain storage chamber 7 to a lower grain drying chamber 8, the grains are dried by exposure to hot air generated from a burner 3, and the moisture of the grains being dried is detected by a moisture sensor 2. In the grain drying machine to be detected, when drying while storing the grains for a long time, the grains are continuously dried up to a predetermined moisture value MS1, and thereafter, the drying is performed every predetermined days according to the storage period M and the finish target moisture value MS. The drying machine is started to control the water content to be reduced to reach the finish target water value MS. After the drying is completed, the circulation of the kernel is controlled every predetermined time T1, and the kernel temperature sensor is stored during storage. Grain temperature T detected by 80
A control device 4 for controlling ventilation to be performed by outside air for a predetermined time T2 when C1 is equal to or higher than a predetermined grain temperature TC.
8. A long-term storage and drying device for a grain dryer, comprising: