JPH1135363A - Cement composition, cement paste and cement mortar - Google Patents
Cement composition, cement paste and cement mortarInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1135363A JPH1135363A JP22546597A JP22546597A JPH1135363A JP H1135363 A JPH1135363 A JP H1135363A JP 22546597 A JP22546597 A JP 22546597A JP 22546597 A JP22546597 A JP 22546597A JP H1135363 A JPH1135363 A JP H1135363A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cement
- weight
- parts
- water
- formate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0053—Water-soluble polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0057—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics added as redispersable powders
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は特別の硬化促進剤を
用いたセメント組成物とこれを用いたセメントペースト
およびセメントモルタルに関する。The present invention relates to a cement composition using a special hardening accelerator, and a cement paste and a cement mortar using the same.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】セメント組成物は、水を加えることによ
り水和反応が進行し硬化するが、この反応は温度に依存
し、冬の温度が低いときには硬化が遅く、夏の温度が高
いときには硬化が速すぎるという特性を有する。そのた
め、硬化促進剤を配合したり、硬化遅延剤を配合した
り、使用状況に合わせその処方を細かく設定する必要が
あった。また、硬化促進剤を配合するとその影響で硬化
が速くなるため、可使時間が短くなり施工に過度の注意
をはらう必要があった。さらに、従来広く使用されてい
る硬化促進剤である塩化カルシウムは温度依存性が高い
という欠点を有している。2. Description of the Related Art A cement composition undergoes a hydration reaction and hardens when water is added. This reaction is temperature-dependent, and hardens slowly when the winter temperature is low and hardens when the summer temperature is high. Has the property of being too fast. For this reason, it is necessary to mix a curing accelerator, a curing retarder, and finely set the formulation according to the use conditions. In addition, if a curing accelerator is added, the curing is accelerated due to the effect, so that the pot life is shortened and it is necessary to pay undue attention to the construction. Furthermore, calcium chloride, which is a curing accelerator widely used in the past, has a drawback that it has a high temperature dependency.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】かかるセメント組成物
のもつ欠点を本発明は解決するものである。具体的には
現場での施工に過度の注意をはらう必要がない十分な可
使時間を有し、一度硬化が始まると初期の強度発現に優
れ、かつ流動性がよく、浸透性やこて塗り等の作業性に
も優れ、硬化時間の温度依存性が低く、低温時および高
温時でも同様な施工性が得られるセメント組成物と、こ
れを用いたセメントペーストおよびセメントモルタルを
提供する。本発明は、 「1. セメント100重量部、水溶性高分子0.01
〜10重量部、ギ酸のアルカリ金属塩0.1〜5.0重
量部を主剤とするセメント組成物。 2. 水溶性高分子がセルロース誘導体、ポリビニルア
ルコール、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリアクリル酸から選
んだ1または2以上である、1項まに記載されたセメン
ト組成物。 3. ギ酸のアルカリ金属塩がギ酸カルシウム、ギ酸マ
グネシウム、ギ酸アルミニウムから選んだ1または2以
上である、1項または2項に記載されたセメント組成
物。 4. さらに合成樹脂エマルジョンおよび/または再乳
化形粉末樹脂をセメント100重量部に対し不揮発分で
1〜30重量部配合した、1項ないし3項のいずれか1
項に記載されたセメント組成物。 5. 1項ないし4項のいずれか1項に記載されたセメ
ント組成物に水を加えて混練したセメントペースト。 6. 1項ないし4項のいずれか1項に記載されたセメ
ント組成物に細骨材を配合し水を加えて混練したセメン
トモルタル。」 に関する。The present invention solves the drawbacks of such a cement composition. Specifically, it has a sufficient pot life that does not require undue attention to on-site construction, and once curing begins, it has excellent initial strength development, good fluidity, permeability, troweling, etc. The present invention provides a cement composition which is excellent in workability, has low temperature dependence of curing time, and can obtain similar workability even at low and high temperatures, and a cement paste and cement mortar using the same. The present invention provides: “1. 100 parts by weight of cement, 0.01
A cement composition comprising, as main components, 10 to 10 parts by weight and 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight of an alkali metal salt of formic acid. 2. Item 1. The cement composition according to item 1, wherein the water-soluble polymer is one or more selected from cellulose derivatives, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, and polyacrylic acid. 3. Item 3. The cement composition according to item 1 or 2, wherein the alkali metal salt of formic acid is one or more selected from calcium formate, magnesium formate, and aluminum formate. 4. Any one of items 1 to 3, wherein 1 to 30 parts by weight of a non-volatile matter is blended with 100 parts by weight of the synthetic resin emulsion and / or re-emulsified powder resin.
Item 7. The cement composition according to item 1. 5. A cement paste obtained by adding water to the cement composition according to any one of items 1 to 4 and kneading the mixture. 6. A cement mortar obtained by mixing fine aggregate with the cement composition described in any one of items 1 to 4, adding water, and kneading the mixture. About.
【0004】[0004]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の組成物は、セメント、水
溶性高分子、ギ酸のアルカリ金属塩を主剤とするセメン
ト組成物であり、これを使用するには主剤となる成分を
十分空練し、これに水を加え混練してセメントペースト
やセメントミルクとして用いたり、主剤となる成分にさ
らに骨材を配合して水を加え混練してセメントモルタル
として用いられる。本発明で使用するセメントは特に限
定されない。普通ポルトランドセメント、アルミナセメ
ント、ジェットセメント、高炉スラグセメント等があげ
られる。また、セメントと共に石膏、ドロマイト等の無
機系の結合剤を併用することもできる。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The composition of the present invention is a cement composition mainly composed of cement, a water-soluble polymer, and an alkali metal salt of formic acid. Then, water is added and kneaded to use as a cement paste or cement milk, or an aggregate is further mixed with a component serving as a main agent, and water is added and kneaded to be used as a cement mortar. The cement used in the present invention is not particularly limited. Examples include ordinary portland cement, alumina cement, jet cement, blast furnace slag cement, and the like. In addition, an inorganic binder such as gypsum or dolomite can be used together with the cement.
【0005】水溶性高分子としては、ヒドロキシエチル
セルロース、メチルセルロース、カルボキシルメチルセ
ルロース等セルロース誘導体、ポリビニルアルコールお
よびその誘導体、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリメタクリル
アミド、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸塩等が挙げられる。こ
れ等のうち、セルロース誘導体が好ましい。その使用量
はセメント100重量部に対し0.01〜10重量部で
ある。0.01重量部より少ないとギ酸のアルカリ金属
塩との配合バランスが悪くなり、可使時間が短くなり、
作業性も不良となる。10重量部より多くなると初期強
度の発現が遅くなり、また作業性もねばりが強くなるた
め悪くなり施工しずらくなる。さらには、過剰に空気を
連行して圧縮強度が低下する危険性もある。Examples of the water-soluble polymer include cellulose derivatives such as hydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose and carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and its derivatives, polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide, poly (meth) acrylate and the like. Of these, cellulose derivatives are preferred. The amount used is 0.01 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of cement. If the amount is less than 0.01 part by weight, the compounding balance with the alkali metal salt of formic acid is deteriorated, the pot life is shortened,
Workability also becomes poor. If the amount is more than 10 parts by weight, the development of the initial strength is slowed down, and the workability is also increased due to the increased stickiness, which makes the work difficult. Furthermore, there is also a risk that the compressive strength is reduced due to excessive entrainment of air.
【0006】ギ酸のアルカリ金属塩は硬化促進剤として
配合される。具体的には、ギ酸カルシウム、ギ酸アルミ
ニウム、ギ酸マグネシウム等である。これ等を配合する
ことにより温度依存性を低く抑え硬化を促進することが
できる。これ等の中ではギ酸カルシウムが好ましい。そ
の使用量は、セメント100重量部に対し0.1〜5.
0重量部が適当である。0.1重量部より少ないと硬化
促進効果がなく、初期強度の発現が遅くなる。5.0重
量部より多いと可使時間が短くなり作業性が悪くなる。[0006] Alkali metal salts of formic acid are incorporated as curing accelerators. Specific examples include calcium formate, aluminum formate, and magnesium formate. By blending these, the temperature dependency can be suppressed low and the curing can be promoted. Of these, calcium formate is preferred. The amount of use is 0.1-5.
0 parts by weight is suitable. If the amount is less than 0.1 part by weight, there is no effect of accelerating the curing, and the manifestation of the initial strength is delayed. If the amount is more than 5.0 parts by weight, the working time is shortened and the workability is deteriorated.
【0007】躯体に対しての接着性や曲げ強度を向上さ
せる場合には合成樹脂エマルジョンが配合される。合成
樹脂エマルジョンとしては、エチレン/酢酸ビニル共重
合体、酢酸ビニル/ベオバ共重合体、アクリル系共重合
体等が用いられ、その形態はエマルジョン本来の水分散
体や、これを噴霧乾燥した再乳化形粉末樹脂が用いられ
る。その使用量はセメント100重量部に対し1〜30
重量部が適当である。1重量部より少ないと凝結が速す
ぎて可使時間が短くなる。10重量部より多いと硬化が
遅くなってしまう。セメントモルタルとして使用する場
合は骨材が配合される。骨材は、けい砂、砕石粉、フラ
イアッシュ、スラグ等の細骨材が用いられる。また、タ
ルク、クレー、炭酸カルシウム、シリカ等のフィラーを
併用してもよい。所望により、減水剤、消泡剤、増粘
剤、顔料、流動化剤等を配合してもよい。In order to improve the adhesiveness to the frame and the bending strength, a synthetic resin emulsion is blended. As the synthetic resin emulsion, an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, a vinyl acetate / veova copolymer, an acrylic copolymer, or the like is used. The form of the emulsion is an original water dispersion of the emulsion or a re-emulsification obtained by spray drying the emulsion. A shaped powder resin is used. The amount used is 1 to 30 parts per 100 parts by weight of cement.
Parts by weight are appropriate. If the amount is less than 1 part by weight, the setting is too fast and the pot life becomes short. If the amount is more than 10 parts by weight, the curing will be slow. When used as a cement mortar, an aggregate is blended. Fine aggregates such as silica sand, crushed stone powder, fly ash, and slag are used as the aggregate. Further, a filler such as talc, clay, calcium carbonate, silica and the like may be used in combination. If desired, a water reducing agent, an antifoaming agent, a thickener, a pigment, a fluidizing agent and the like may be added.
【0008】[0008]
実施例1(セメントペーストとして使用) 普通ポルトランドセメント100重量部、メチルセルロ
ース0.2重量部、ギ酸カルシウム1.0重量部を十分
空練してセメント組成物とし、これに水を加えて混練し
水/セメント比=0.5のセメントペーストとした。こ
のセメントペーストを温度20℃、湿度80%の条件で
硬化させたところ、凝結始発が150分で凝結終結が2
90分であり良好な作業性であった。Example 1 (Used as cement paste) 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement, 0.2 parts by weight of methylcellulose, and 1.0 part by weight of calcium formate were sufficiently kneaded to form a cement composition, to which water was added and kneaded. / Cement ratio = 0.5 as a cement paste. When this cement paste was hardened under the conditions of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 80%, the onset of setting was 150 minutes and the end of setting was 2 minutes.
The work time was 90 minutes, and the workability was good.
【0009】実施例2(セメントペーストとしての使
用) 普通ポルトランドセメント100重量部、メチルセルロ
ース0.2重量部、ギ酸カルシウム1.5重量部を十分
空練してセメント組成物とし、これにエチレン/酢酸ビ
ニル共重合樹脂エマルジョン(不揮発分50%)10重
量部および水を加えて混練し水/セメント比=0.5の
セメントペーストとした。このセメントペーストを温度
20℃、湿度80%の条件で硬化させたところ、凝結始
発が143分で凝結終結が312分であり良好な作業性
であった。Example 2 (Use as Cement Paste) 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement, 0.2 parts by weight of methylcellulose and 1.5 parts by weight of calcium formate were sufficiently kneaded to obtain a cement composition, which was mixed with ethylene / acetic acid. 10 parts by weight of a vinyl copolymer resin emulsion (nonvolatile content 50%) and water were added and kneaded to obtain a cement paste having a water / cement ratio of 0.5. When this cement paste was cured under the conditions of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 80%, the starting time of setting was 143 minutes and the end of setting was 312 minutes, which was good workability.
【0010】実施例3(セメントペーストとしての使
用) 普通ポルトランドセメント100重量部、メチルセルロ
ース0.2重量部、ギ酸カルシウム1.5重量部を十分
空練してセメント組成物とし、これに酢酸ビニル/ベオ
バ共重合樹脂エマルジョン粉末10重量部および水を加
えて混練し水/セメント比=0.5のセメントペースト
とした。このセメントペーストを温度5℃、湿度80%
の条件で硬化させたところ、凝結始発が180分で凝結
終結が340分であり良好な作業性であった。Example 3 (Use as Cement Paste) 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement, 0.2 parts by weight of methylcellulose, and 1.5 parts by weight of calcium formate were sufficiently kneaded to obtain a cement composition. 10 parts by weight of Beova copolymer resin emulsion powder and water were added and kneaded to obtain a cement paste having a water / cement ratio of 0.5. This cement paste has a temperature of 5 ° C and a humidity of 80%.
When the composition was cured under the conditions described above, the initial setting was 180 minutes and the setting end was 340 minutes, indicating good workability.
【0011】実施例4(セメントモルタルとしての使
用) 普通ポルトランドセメント100重量部、メチルセルロ
ース0.2重量部、ギ酸カルシウム1.0重量部、珪砂
300重量部を十分空練してセメント組成物とし、これ
に水を加えて混練し水/セメント比=0.7のセメント
モルタルとした。このセメントモルタルを温度20℃、
湿度80%の条件で硬化させたところ、凝結始発が20
5分で凝結終結が323分であり良好な作業性であっ
た。Example 4 (Use as cement mortar) 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement, 0.2 parts by weight of methylcellulose, 1.0 part by weight of calcium formate, and 300 parts by weight of silica sand are sufficiently kneaded to form a cement composition. Water was added thereto and kneaded to obtain a cement mortar having a water / cement ratio of 0.7. This cement mortar is at a temperature of 20 ° C
When cured under conditions of 80% humidity, the initial set
In 5 minutes, the end of the setting was 323 minutes, indicating good workability.
【0012】実施例5(セメントモルタルとしての使
用) 普通ポルトランドセメント100重量部、メチルセルロ
ース0.2重量部、ギ酸カルシウム1.5重量部、珪砂
300重量部を十分空練してセメント組成物とし、これ
にエチレン/酢酸ビニル共重合樹脂エマルジョン(不揮
発分50%)10重量部および水を加えて混練し水/セ
メント比=0.6のセメントモルタルとした。このセメ
ントモルタルを温度20℃、湿度80%の条件で硬化さ
せたところ、凝結始発が143分で凝結終結が312分
であり良好な作業性であった。Example 5 (Use as cement mortar) 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement, 0.2 parts by weight of methylcellulose, 1.5 parts by weight of calcium formate, and 300 parts by weight of silica sand are sufficiently kneaded to form a cement composition. To this, 10 parts by weight of an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer resin emulsion (nonvolatile content: 50%) and water were added and kneaded to obtain a cement mortar having a water / cement ratio of 0.6. When this cement mortar was cured under the conditions of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 80%, the onset of setting was 143 minutes and the end of setting was 312 minutes, indicating good workability.
【0013】実施例6(セメントモルタルとしての使
用) 普通ポルトランドセメント100重量部、メチルセルロ
ース0.2重量部、ギ酸カルシウム1.5重量部、珪砂
300重量部を十分空練してセメント組成物とし、これ
に酢酸ビニル/ベオバ共重合樹脂エマルジョン粉末10
重量部および水を加えて混練し水/セメント比=0.6
5のセメントモルタルとした。このセメントモルタルを
温度5℃、湿度80%の条件で硬化させたところ、凝結
始発が193分で凝結終結が350分であり良好な作業
性であった。Example 6 (Use as cement mortar) 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement, 0.2 parts by weight of methylcellulose, 1.5 parts by weight of calcium formate, and 300 parts by weight of silica sand are sufficiently kneaded to form a cement composition. This is mixed with vinyl acetate / veova copolymer resin emulsion powder 10
The mixture is kneaded by adding weight parts and water, and the water / cement ratio is 0.6.
No. 5 cement mortar. When this cement mortar was cured under the conditions of a temperature of 5 ° C. and a humidity of 80%, the onset of setting was 193 minutes and the end of setting was 350 minutes, indicating good workability.
【0014】比較例1 メチルセルロースを使用しなかった以外は実施例1と同
様にした。このセメントペーストは、凝結始発が103
分と短く凝結終結が196分で作業性が不良であった。Comparative Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that methylcellulose was not used. This cement paste has an initial setting of 103
The set time was 196 minutes and the workability was poor.
【0015】比較例2 ギ酸カルシウムを使用しなかった以外は実施例1と同様
にした。このセメントペーストは、凝結始発が242分
であり、凝結終結が375分と遅く、実際の現場では、
次の工程に進むまでの待ち時間が長くなることが予想さ
れ工程管理から見た作業性が不良である。Comparative Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that calcium formate was not used. This cement paste has an initial setting of 242 minutes and a final setting of 375 minutes.
It is expected that the waiting time until proceeding to the next step is prolonged, and the workability is poor from the viewpoint of step management.
【0016】比較例3 ギ酸カルシウムを使用しなかった以外は実施例3と同様
にした。このセメントペーストは、凝結始発が264分
であり、凝結終結が403分と遅く、実際の現場では、
次の工程に進むまでの待ち時間が長くなることが予想さ
れ工程管理から見た作業性が不良である。実施例と比較
例の組成と性能を表1に示す。Comparative Example 3 The procedure of Example 3 was repeated except that calcium formate was not used. This cement paste has an initial setting of 264 minutes and a final setting of 403 minutes, which is very slow.
It is expected that the waiting time until proceeding to the next step is prolonged, and the workability is poor from the viewpoint of step management. Table 1 shows the compositions and performances of the examples and comparative examples.
【0017】[0017]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0018】評価 1. 可使時間 凝結始発が120分以上……○ 凝結始発が120分未満……× 2. 強度の発現 凝結終結が360分以内……○ 凝結終結が360分より大……×Evaluation 1. Pot life First set time is 120 minutes or more .... ○ First set time is less than 120 minutes .... × 2. Expression of strength End of coagulation is within 360 minutes ....... ○ End of coagulation is longer than 360 minutes .... ×
【0019】[0019]
【発明の効果】本発明は硬化時間の温度依存性が低く、
低温時でも高温時でも同様な施工性を示す勝れた効果を
奏する。According to the present invention, the temperature dependence of the curing time is low,
Even at low temperatures or high temperatures, the same workability can be obtained and an excellent effect is exhibited.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 FI C04B 24:26 ) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code FI C04B 24:26)
Claims (6)
0.01〜10重量部、ギ酸のアルカリ金属塩0.1〜
5.0重量部を主剤とするセメント組成物。1. 100 parts by weight of cement, 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer, 0.1 to 0.1 parts by weight of formic acid alkali metal salt
A cement composition containing 5.0 parts by weight as a main component.
ビニルアルコール、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリアクリル
酸から選んだ1または2以上である、請求項1まに記載
されたセメント組成物。2. The cement composition according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble polymer is at least one selected from a cellulose derivative, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, and polyacrylic acid.
ム、ギ酸マグネシウム、ギ酸アルミニウムから選んだ1
または2以上である、請求項1または2に記載されたセ
メント組成物。3. An alkali metal salt of formic acid selected from the group consisting of calcium formate, magnesium formate and aluminum formate.
Or the cement composition according to claim 1 or 2, which is two or more.
たは再乳化形粉末樹脂をセメント100重量部に対し不
揮発分で1〜30重量部配合した、請求項1ないし3の
いずれか1項に記載されたセメント組成物。4. The cement according to claim 1, further comprising 1 to 30 parts by weight of a non-volatile matter with respect to 100 parts by weight of the cement. Composition.
されたセメント組成物に水を加えて混練したセメントペ
ースト。5. A cement paste obtained by adding water to the cement composition according to claim 1 and kneading the mixture.
されたセメント組成物に細骨材を配合し水を加えて混練
したセメントモルタル。6. A cement mortar obtained by mixing fine aggregate with the cement composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, adding water, and kneading.
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JP22546597A JP4089838B2 (en) | 1997-07-18 | 1997-07-18 | Cement composition and cement paste and cement mortar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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JP22546597A JP4089838B2 (en) | 1997-07-18 | 1997-07-18 | Cement composition and cement paste and cement mortar |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPH1135363A true JPH1135363A (en) | 1999-02-09 |
JP4089838B2 JP4089838B2 (en) | 2008-05-28 |
Family
ID=16829757
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP22546597A Expired - Fee Related JP4089838B2 (en) | 1997-07-18 | 1997-07-18 | Cement composition and cement paste and cement mortar |
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JP (1) | JP4089838B2 (en) |
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JP2000281411A (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-10 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Cement admixture and cement composition |
JP2000281412A (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2000-10-10 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Cement admixture and cement composition |
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