JPH11348892A - Cargo ship - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cargo ship capable of saving labor required for cleaning inside of hold, improving work environment, and operating it efficiently by shortening the time required for cleaning and drying. SOLUTION: This cargo ship 6 includes the right and left side walls 9 of a cargo hold 6 having watertight construction, which are extended from an inner bottom board 8 to a top deck 4. A hot-air supply device 25 supplying an heated air into the cargo hold 6 is mounted on a space 24 located between the respective side walls 9 and the ship side outer board, and between the top deck 4 and a second deck 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cargo ship for carrying a large number of items in bulk.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view of a main part of a conventional cargo ship of this kind cut along a width direction of a hull, in which reference numeral 71 denotes a ship side outer plate, and 72 denotes a ship bottom. Skin, 73
Is the upper deck, 74 is the second deck, 75 is the cargo hold, 76 is the ballast water tank, 77 is the inner bottom plate, 78 is the side wall of the cargo hold 75, CL is the longitudinal centerline of the hull, and LWL is the full load line. , Respectively. As can be seen from the figure, this cargo ship is a "double-layer deck ship" having an upper deck 73 and a second deck 74. In addition, the “double hull structure” in which the side wall 78 of the cargo hold 75 and the ship side outer plate 73 are provided with a predetermined space therebetween.
have.

Conventionally, as for the side wall 78 of the cargo hold 75, the lower side wall 78a below the second deck 74 may have a watertight structure made of a steel plate. The upper side wall 78b is formed by arranging a large number of woods in a vertical or horizontal direction and attaching them. Generally, the upper side wall 78b has a non-watertight structure because a gap is generated between the woods.

When cargo such as coke, fertilizer, lime, or slag is loaded in bulk in the cargo hold 75 and transported, the quality of the cargo is changed every time the type of cargo to be loaded is changed. First, the inside of the cargo hold 75 must be cleaned. In this case, after the conventionally loaded cargo is unloaded, dust such as cargo residue adhering above the second deck 74 is first swept down under the second deck 74 using a broom or the like, and then Cargo hold 7 below the second deck 74
The inside 5 (that is, the upper surface of the inner bottom plate 77 and the inner surface of the lower side wall 78a) is cleaned and cleaned with fresh water from a chore water pump (omitted in FIG. 7) mounted on the cargo ship. And
After the moisture in the cargo hold 75 is dried by natural ventilation or the like, another cargo is loaded.

[0005]

However, in the conventional cargo ship described above, when cleaning the inside of the cargo hold 75, the sweeping of dust with a broom and the like and the cleaning with fresh water are performed manually by the crew. There is a problem that a great deal of labor is required for the above operation. In addition, since work is performed in dust and smoke, the working environment is poor, and there is a problem in the health management of seafarers. In addition, since it takes a long time to clean the cargo hold 75 and to dry it after cleaning, the time between loading and unloading the cargo until loading the next cargo becomes longer, and the cargo ship becomes more efficient. There was also a problem that it was not possible to plan a proper operation. In addition, when forced ventilation in the cargo hold 75 is performed, drying is slightly faster than in the case of natural ventilation, but it takes a long time to dry under a condition where the relative humidity of the outside air is high.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and can reduce the labor required for cleaning a cargo hold, improve the working environment, and reduce the time required for cleaning and drying. The purpose is to provide a cargo ship that can be operated efficiently.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises an upper deck and a second deck,
In a cargo ship in which the left and right side walls of the cargo hold are respectively provided with spaces inboard of the ship side skin inside the port side and starboard side shells, each side wall of the cargo hold has a watertight structure, A space extending from the inner bottom plate of the cargo hold to the upper deck, and being located between each of the side walls and the ship-side outer plate outside thereof and between the upper deck and the second deck; To
A hot air supply device for heating the air and supplying the heated air to the cargo hold is provided.

In the above, the hot air supply device includes a heat exchanger for heating the air by heat exchange with hot water, and the air heated by the heat exchanger is provided on a side wall of the cargo hold with a blowing port. This is a configuration that blows out from.

Further, in the above, the heat exchanger of the hot air supply device can be selectively supplied with either the hot water heated by the water heating device or the cooling water from the main engine. Things.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A cargo ship according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a cargo ship according to this embodiment, FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a main part of the cargo ship showing a starboard side outer plate partially cut away, and FIG.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the main part of the cargo ship cut horizontally at a height just below the upper deck, and Fig. 4 is a plan view of the cargo ship cut horizontally at a height just below the second deck. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part taken along line AA of FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 is a piping diagram of a hot air supply device.

A cargo ship illustrated in this embodiment and denoted by reference numeral 1 in FIGS. 1 to 5 is a ship having a total length (LPP) of about 70 m and a gross tonnage of about 500 tons mainly operated in a coastal area. It is designed to be suitable for use in loading cargo such as coke, fertilizer (ammonium sulfate, etc.), lime (calcite powder, etc.) or slag in bulk.

In the figure, reference numeral 2 denotes a port side and starboard side shell,
3 is the outer shell of the bottom, 4 is the upper deck, 5 is the second deck, 6 is the cargo hold, 7 is the ballast water tank, 8 is the inner bottom plate, and 9 is the cargo hold 6.
Left and right side walls, 10 is the front end wall of the cargo hold 6, 11 is the rear end wall of the cargo hold 6, 12 is the bow barbas, CL is the longitudinal centerline of the hull, and LWL is the full load draft line. . As can be seen from the figure, the cargo ship 1 is a so-called “double-layer deck ship” including an upper deck 4 and a second deck 5. The left and right side walls 9, 9 of the cargo hold 6 each have a "double hull structure" provided at a predetermined space from the outer hull outer plates 2, 2. Then, the space between the bottom outer plate 3 and the inner bottom plate 8 and the space between the left and right ship side outer plates 2 and the inner side wall 9 and located below the second deck 5 respectively , The ballast water tank 7 is configured.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, a concave groove 2 extending in the front-rear direction of the hull having a substantially "[" cross section is provided at a position including the full load line LWL on the port side and starboard side of the hull 2.
a is formed, and the portion where the concave groove 2a is formed has a narrower hull width than its vertically adjacent portion. As described in detail in US Pat. No. 2,263,131, it is formed for the purpose of reducing wave-making resistance during navigation, and has no direct relation to the configuration of the present invention, and thus description thereof is omitted here. The present invention is, of course, applicable to a cargo ship having an ordinary ship-side outer plate on which such a groove 2a is not formed.

The left and right side walls 9, 9 of the cargo hold 6 are respectively
It extends from the inner bottom plate 8 to the upper deck 4 (FIG. 5).
reference). While the conventional cargo ship shown in FIG. 7 has a non-watertight structure in which the side wall above the second deck 74 is made of wood, the cargo ship 1 has the inner bottom plate 8 to the upper deck 4 Up to the side wall 9 has a watertight structure formed by tightly tightening steel plates.

In the figure, reference numeral 13 denotes a pair of left and right fresh water tanks, and 14 denotes a bow-side warehouse provided between the fresh water tanks 13, 13. As shown in FIG. 4, an entrance to the warehouse 14 is formed in the front end wall 10 of the cargo hold 6, and when the door 15 provided at the entrance is opened, the cargo hold 6 and the warehouse 14 are on the same floor. It is designed to communicate. In the warehouse 14, a high-pressure pump device 16 for cleaning the cargo hold 6, which can discharge the fresh water in the fresh water tank 13 at high pressure, is provided.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a pair of left and right fuel tanks provided behind the rear end wall 11 of the cargo hold 6, and 18 denotes a fuel tank 1
7, a stern-side warehouse provided above the fuel tank 17, and an engine room 19 provided behind the fuel tank 17 for accommodating a main engine (not shown) and the like are respectively provided on the second deck 5 in the warehouse 18. Is provided with a pair of hot water pumps 20, 20 for feeding hot water to a hot air supply device described later.
reference). Reference numeral 21 denotes a bilge keel, 22 denotes a combing provided around a hatch opening of the upper deck 4, and 23 denotes a hatch cover provided on the combing 22 so as to be openable and closable.

Since the cargo ship 1 has the hull structure as described above, it is located between the left and right side walls 9, 9 of the cargo hold 6 and the port side and starboard side shells 2, 2, and the upper deck 4 Vacancies 24, 24 are formed at positions between the first deck 5 and the second deck 5, respectively. Then, in the left and right vacancies 24, three hot air supply devices 25 are disposed on one side at symmetrical positions on the left and right sides of the hull as shown in FIG.

As is clear from FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, each hot air supply device 25 is a coil heater 26 (heat exchanger) capable of heating air by heat exchange with hot water flowing through the pipe.
A ventilation fan 27 of an axial flow type connected to the coil heater 26; a ventilation duct 28 which rises in a substantially S-shape from the ventilation device 27; and a ventilation box 29 provided at the upper end of the ventilation duct 28. Configuration. Each ventilation box 29 is attached so as to communicate with each blowing port 30 opened near the upper end of the side wall 9.

Hot water is supplied to the coil heater 26 of each hot air supply device 25 by the equipment shown in FIG. That is, what is indicated by reference numeral 31 in FIG. 6 is a water heating device installed together with the main engine 52 in the engine room 19. The water heating device 31 includes a fuel pump 33 that sucks fuel from a fuel tank 17 through a strainer 32, a burner 34 that burns fuel from the fuel pump 33, and a high-temperature combustion gas generated by the burner 34 is sent by a blower 35. Heating cylinder 36,
It comprises a water heating pipe 37 provided in the heating cylinder 36, a chimney 38 and the like.

At the water outlet side of the water heating pipe 37, a connecting pipe 3
9, the pair of hot water pumps 20 is connected via a branching junction 40, connection pipes 41, 41, and the like. Each hot water pump 20 has two supply pipes 42, 4
2, three coil heaters 26 each on the port side and the starboard side are connected in parallel.

The water outlet side of each coil heater 26 is connected to a junction 44 via return pipes 43, 43. This junction 44 is provided with a connection pipe 47 having a first on-off valve 45 and a second on-off valve 46 in the middle. Is connected to the water inlet side of the water heating pipe 37 via the. Also, the first on-off valve 45 of the connection pipe 47
The branching junction 40 is connected between the first and second on-off valves 46 and the branch junction 40 by a connection pipe 49 having a third on-off valve 48.
Further, the connection pipe 47 is connected to the cooling device of the main engine 52 via the fourth on-off valve 50 on the upstream side of the first on-off valve 45 and the fifth on-off valve 51 on the downstream side of the first on-off valve 45, respectively. It is connected.

1 to 3, reference numeral 53 denotes a pair of front and rear tire fenders suspended on one side, and reference numerals 54, 54 in FIGS. Is a winch fixed on the second deck 5 in the space 24 so as to correspond to the above. Each winch 54
The rope wound around the bobbin is drawn upward from the bobbin, folded at the upper end of each of the columns 55 erected on the upper deck 4 and hung down to the outside of the hull outer panel 2, at the end thereof. Each of the tire fenders 53 is connected. Therefore, by winding or rewinding the rope with each winch 54, each tire fender 53 is connected to the ship side outer plate 2.
It can be moved up and down along.

Next, the operation will be described. For example, when cleaning the inside of the cargo hold 6 because the type of cargo to be mounted changes, the cargo is unloaded and then the fresh water tank 13 is cleaned.
The interior of the cargo hold 6 is washed with the fresh water contained in the cargo hold. That is, here, the door 15 of the warehouse 14 is opened, and a water discharge hose (not shown) whose base end is connected to the water discharge port of the high-pressure pump device 16 is drawn out of the warehouse 14 into the cargo hold 6 and stands on the inner bottom plate 8. The sailor holds the water discharge hose in his hand, and cleans away dust such as cargo residue adhering to the side wall 9, the inner bottom plate 8 and the like by the clean water discharged from the tip. Wastewater containing dust and the like after washing is collected in a bilge well (not shown) provided at an appropriate position on the inner bottom plate 8 and discharged outboard.

In the conventional cargo ship shown in FIG. 7, since the upper side wall 78b of the cargo hold 75 has a non-watertight structure, dust must be swept down under the second deck 74 with a broom or the like and then washed with fresh water. On the other hand, in this cargo ship 1, since the entire side wall 9 from the inner bottom plate 8 to the upper deck 4 has a watertight structure, it is not necessary to perform a sweeping operation using a broom or the like. It is possible to wash the entire cargo hold 6 with fresh water. In addition, since the high-pressure pump device 16 capable of discharging water at a higher pressure than the conventional chore water pump is used,
Even when water is discharged from the inner bottom plate 8, it is possible to sufficiently clean water to reach the upper end portion of the side wall 9 and to perform cleaning. Therefore, cleaning of the cargo hold 6 can be performed more efficiently than before, and labor and time required for cleaning work can be reduced. Further, since a large amount of dust is not scattered in the cargo hold 6 due to the sweeping operation, it is possible to improve the working environment of seafarers engaged in cleaning work and cargo handling work in the cargo hold 6.

After washing with fresh water, the water remaining in the cargo hold 6 is dried. That is, the burner 34 of the water heating device 31 is ignited, the water in the water heating pipe 37 is heated by the heat from the burner 34, and the first opening / closing valve 45 and the second opening / closing valve 46 are opened. With the valve 48, the fourth on-off valve 50, and the fifth on-off valve 51 closed, the pair of hot water pumps 20 is operated. Then, the hot water heated at, for example, about 75 ° C. by the water heating pipe 37 is connected to the connection pipe 39, the branch junction 40, and the connection pipes 4.
1 and is drawn into each hot water pump 20, supplied from each hot water pump 20 to each of the port and starboard coil heaters 26 through each supply pipe 42, and the hot water passing through each coil heater 26 is returned to the return pipe 43, 44 and the connecting pipe 47 in order to return to the water heating pipe 37. Thus, the hot water circulates on the circulation path.

On the other hand, the left and right vacancies 24 outside the cargo hold 6 are filled with outside air introduced from outside air inlets (not shown), and when the blowers 27 of each hot air supply device 25 are operated, After the air in each space 24 is exchanged with the warm water flowing through each coil heater 26, for example, when the outside air temperature is about 25 ° C., the air is heated to about 50 ° C., and the relative humidity is reduced. , And is sent into the ventilation box 29 through the ventilation duct 28. Then, the warm air sent into each ventilation box 29 is blown out into the cargo hold 6 from each blowing port 30.

The dry hot air blown into the cargo hold 6 in this manner evaporates the moisture remaining on the inner surface of the cargo hold 6 (in particular, the upper surface of the inner bottom plate 8). Then, the air containing the evaporated water and having a relative humidity close to the original outside air is pushed out of the cargo hold 6 into the atmosphere outside the ship through an exhaust port not shown. As described above, by continuously repeating the blowing of the dry warm air from each of the blowing ports 30 and the pushing of the humid air out of the ship, even when the relative humidity of the outside air is high, the inside of the cargo hold 6 can be maintained. Can be dried in an extremely short time as compared with the related art in which natural moisture or forced ventilation is used.

As described above, since the time required for cleaning the inside of the cargo hold 6 and for drying after the cleaning is greatly shortened, the interruption of the cargo handling operation between the time when the cargo is unloaded and the time when the next cargo is loaded is interrupted. The time is much shorter than before. Therefore, the berthing time at the port for cargo handling can be shortened, and the cargo ship can be operated efficiently.

Further, if an air heating device is provided in the engine room 19 and the hot air heated by the air heating device is led to the cargo hold 6 by a ventilation duct,
In order to uniformly supply warm air to the entire area of the cargo hold 6, a ventilation duct having a large diameter in consideration of pressure loss is installed in the engine room 1
However, in the present invention, since the hot air supply device 25 is provided in the empty space 24 on both sides of the cargo hold 6, the ventilation duct 28 can be short, and Costs can be reduced. In addition, although there is a slight loss in the amount of heat from the connecting pipe from the water heating device 31 to each coil heater 26, the running cost does not increase.

In the above description, the case where the moisture in the cargo hold 6 after cleaning is dried using the hot air supply device 25 mainly while the berth is anchored has been described.
It can also be used for reducing the humidity in the cargo hold 6 during navigation with cargo. In this case, the third on-off valve 48, the fourth on-off valve 50, and the fifth on-off valve 51 are opened without igniting the water heating device 31, and the first on-off valve 45 and the second on-off valve 46 are opened.
Is closed, each hot water pump 20 is operated. Then, the cooling water that has cooled the main engine 52 and has become high temperature passes through the fifth on-off valve 51, flows into the connecting pipe 47, and then passes through the third on-off valve 48 and the connecting pipe 49 to branch and join. Enter the section 40. The cooling water is supplied to each coil heater 26 through each connection pipe 41, each hot water pump 20, and each supply pipe 42, and further, each return pipe 43, the junction 4
After passing through the fourth and fourth on-off valves 50 in order, it returns to the cooling device of the main engine 52. Since the high-temperature cooling water circulates in this manner, when the blower 27 of each hot-air supply device 25 is operated in the same manner as described above, the heat is exchanged with the cooling water flowing through each coil heater 26, and the relative humidity is reduced. Hot air
It is blown out from each of the fume ports 30 into the cargo hold 6.

Since the inside of the cargo hold 6 is maintained at a relatively high temperature and low humidity by the dry hot air blown out from each of the blowout ports 30 in this manner, the inner surface of the cargo hold 6 (particularly, the ceiling surface and the side wall 9) is maintained.
Etc.) is prevented. Therefore, the cargo does not get wet by water drops dropped from the inner surface of the cargo hold 6, and the quality of the cargo can be maintained. In addition, there is an advantage that a sheet for preventing dew condensation conventionally provided at the upper part in the cargo hold 6 becomes unnecessary for the purpose of preventing the cargo from being wet by water droplets. Further, since the cooling water of the main engine 52 is used, the effect of saving fuel cost for heating the air is also achieved. Incidentally, it is also possible to prevent dew condensation in the cargo hold 6 by warm water from the water heating device 31 during navigation.

It is needless to say that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to those described above. For example, the present invention is also applicable to a multi-layer deck cargo ship having a third deck or lower. Further, in the above description, the air in the cargo hold 6 is pushed out of the ship from the exhaust port by the warm air blown out from the fuze port 30. May be used in combination with the forced ventilation device (or forced exhaust device). Further, in the above description, the clean water from the high-pressure pump device 16 is jetted from the warehouse 14 by the water discharge hose drawn into the cargo hold 6, but, for example, the water discharge pipe having one end connected to the high-pressure pump device 16 is connected to the upper deck. In addition to laying along the side edge of the hatch opening in the vicinity of 4, a plurality of hose connection ports are arranged at appropriate intervals in the water discharge pipe, and fresh water injected from a hose connected to any hose connection port is used. The inside of the cargo hold 6 may be washed.

[0033]

As described above, the cargo ship according to the present invention has a structure in which each side wall of the cargo hold has a watertight structure and extends from the inner bottom plate of the cargo hold to the upper deck. Therefore, it is possible to clean the entire cargo hold with fresh water from the beginning without having to perform a dust sweeping operation using a broom or the like in advance.Therefore, the cargo hold can be cleaned efficiently. It is possible to reduce the labor required for the cleaning work and improve the working environment, and to further reduce the airspace located between the side walls and the outer shellboard on the outside thereof and between the upper deck and the second deck. There is a hot-air supply device that heats the air and supplies it into the cargo hold.The hot air with a low relative humidity supplied from the hot-air supply device leaves the cargo hold in the cargo hold after cleaning. It is possible to dry the moisture in a short time.
In this way, the time required for cleaning the cargo hold and for drying after cleaning can be significantly reduced, so the time during which the cargo work is interrupted between the time the cargo is unloaded and the time the next cargo is loaded, and consequently the cargo handling work, etc. The berthing time at the harbor for berthing can be shortened, and the freighter can be operated efficiently.

[0034] Further, in the heat exchanger of the hot air supply device, either the hot water heated by the water heating device or the cooling water from the main engine can be selectively supplied.
During the navigation with the cargo, the cooling water, which has been heated by cooling the main engine, is supplied to the heat exchanger, and the heated hot air is supplied into the cargo hold. The relative humidity inside the cargo hold and prevent condensation on the cargo hold inner surface.
Therefore, the cargo is not wet by the water droplets that have been condensed and dropped, and the quality of the cargo can be maintained.
In addition, by using the cooling water of the main engine, it is possible to save fuel cost for air heating.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a cargo ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a main part of a cargo ship, in which a starboard side plate is partially cut away.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional plan view of a main part of the cargo ship, which is horizontally cut at a height position immediately below an upper deck.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional plan view of a main part of the cargo ship, which is horizontally cut at a height position immediately below a second deck.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a piping system diagram according to the hot air supply device of this embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part of a conventional cargo ship cut along a width direction of a hull.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cargo ship 2 Ship side outer plate 4 Upper deck 5 Second deck 6 Cargo hold 8 Inner bottom plate 9 Side wall 24 Vacancy 25 Hot air supply device 26 Coil heater (heat exchanger) 30 Fume port 31 Water heating device 52 Main engine

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A vehicle comprising an upper deck and a second deck,
In a cargo ship in which the left and right side walls of the cargo hold are provided with spaces inboard of the ship side skin inside the port side and starboard side skins, respectively, each of the side walls of the cargo hold has a watertight structure, A space extending from the inner bottom plate of the cargo hold to the upper deck, and being located between each of the side walls and the ship-side outer plate outside thereof and between the upper deck and the second deck; And a hot air supply device for heating the air and supplying the heated air into the cargo hold. 2. A hot air supply device comprising a heat exchanger for heating air by heat exchange with hot water, and blowing out the air heated by the heat exchanger from a blast opening formed on a side wall of the cargo hold. 2. The cargo ship according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The heat exchanger of the hot air supply device is configured to selectively supply either hot water heated by a water heating device or cooling water from a main engine. Item 6. The cargo ship according to item 2.