JPH1134675A - Fuel tank - Google Patents

Fuel tank

Info

Publication number
JPH1134675A
JPH1134675A JP20396997A JP20396997A JPH1134675A JP H1134675 A JPH1134675 A JP H1134675A JP 20396997 A JP20396997 A JP 20396997A JP 20396997 A JP20396997 A JP 20396997A JP H1134675 A JPH1134675 A JP H1134675A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fuel tank
fuel
tank
vapor
main body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP20396997A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3790017B2 (en
Inventor
Takeshi Suzuki
武 鈴木
Yoshio Nuitani
芳雄 縫谷
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honda Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority to JP20396997A priority Critical patent/JP3790017B2/en
Publication of JPH1134675A publication Critical patent/JPH1134675A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3790017B2 publication Critical patent/JP3790017B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel tank which can suppress the leakage of evaporated fuel to outside. SOLUTION: This fuel tank 1 comprises a fuel tank main body 1a, a bladder type auxiliary chamber 1b made of a bellows, a communication route 1c communicating the tank main body 1a and the auxiliary chamber 1b, and a cooling apparatus 1d installed in the communication route 1c. The auxiliary chamber 1b is installed higher than the fuel liquid surface in the fuel tank main body 1a, has a metal spring 1b' in the circumferential side part, and is connected with the upper part of the tank main body 1a through the communication route 1c. When the evaporated fuel amount is increased or decreased in the tank main body 1a and the tank inner pressure P is altered, the volume of the auxiliary chamber 1b is expanded or contracted to moderate the alteration of the tank inner pressure P. On the other hand, since the evaporated fuel in the fuel tank 1 is cooled by the cooling apparatus 1d and liquefied and the amount of the evaporated fuel is decreased, the elevation of the tank inner pressure P can further be moderated. Consequently, the frequency of the cases that the tank inner pressure P fluctuates to the valve-opening operational pressure to open a bidirectional valve 5 is lowered and vapor emission to atmospheric air due to an excess of the vapor amount over the treatment capacity in a canister 4 can easily be prevented.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は内燃機関を搭載した
車輌の燃料タンクに関し、特に燃料タンク内の蒸発燃料
の大気中への放出を抑制することが可能な燃料タンクに
関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel tank for a vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a fuel tank capable of suppressing the release of fuel vapor in the fuel tank to the atmosphere.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、内燃機関を搭載した車輌において
は、燃料タンク内部と外部とを連通させる連通路を設
け、燃料タンク内の液体燃料の蒸発量の増大に伴うタン
ク内圧力の上昇によりタンク内圧力が所定の設定上限圧
を越えたときに、上記連通路を介して燃料タンク内の蒸
発燃料(以下、ベーパと云う)を外部に放出するように
していた。このとき、タンク内ベーパを直接大気中に放
出すると大気汚染が引き起こされるので、上記連通路に
活性炭を内蔵するキャニスタを設け、車輌の駐車時に
は、この活性炭にベーパを吸着させると共に、エンジン
運転時には、燃料タンク内のベーパをキャニスタを介し
てエンジンに供給し燃焼させることにより、ベーパが大
気中に放出されるのを防止するようにしていた。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine, a communication path for communicating the inside of the fuel tank with the outside is provided, and the tank pressure is increased by an increase in the tank pressure due to an increase in the amount of liquid fuel in the fuel tank. When the internal pressure exceeds a predetermined upper limit pressure, evaporated fuel (hereinafter referred to as vapor) in the fuel tank is discharged to the outside through the communication passage. At this time, if the vapor in the tank is directly discharged into the atmosphere, air pollution is caused.Therefore, a canister containing activated carbon is provided in the communication passage. By supplying the vapor in the fuel tank to the engine through the canister and burning it, the vapor is prevented from being released into the atmosphere.

【0003】ところが、例えば車輌を駐車したまま長期
間放置しておいた場合等にはベーパの放出量がキャニス
タのベーパ吸着能力を越えることがあり、このような場
合にはベーパがキャニスタに吸着されることなく大気中
に放出され大気汚染を引き起こすことになる。このた
め、ベーパの燃料タンク内部から外部への放出量を減少
させるために、ベーパの発生量の増減に応じてタンク容
積が変化するようにしたブラダ式燃料タンクが提案され
ている。
However, for example, when the vehicle is parked and left for a long period of time, the amount of vapor released may exceed the vapor adsorption capacity of the canister. In such a case, the vapor is adsorbed on the canister. Without being released into the atmosphere, causing air pollution. For this reason, a bladder-type fuel tank has been proposed in which the tank volume changes in accordance with the increase or decrease in the amount of generated vapor in order to reduce the amount of vapor released from the inside of the fuel tank to the outside.

【0004】具体的には、燃料タンクを容積可変の袋状
の容器とし、この容器の周側部に金属バネを設け、ベー
パの発生量の増減に応じてタンク容積が変化するように
したものや、このような構成の袋状の容器を通常の容積
一定のタンク内部に内装するようにしたブラダ式燃料タ
ンクが知られている。
[0004] Specifically, the fuel tank is a bag-like container having a variable capacity, and a metal spring is provided on the peripheral side of the container so that the tank volume changes in accordance with an increase or decrease in the amount of generated vapor. Further, a bladder type fuel tank in which a bag-shaped container having such a configuration is provided inside a normal tank having a constant volume is known.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うな従来のブラダ式燃料タンクはいずれも燃料を貯蔵す
る容器自体が容積可変のブラダ構造とされていたため、
貯蔵燃料の重量を支えるために容器の周側部に設ける金
属バネの弾性力をある程度大きくする必要があった。
However, in such a conventional bladder type fuel tank, the container itself for storing the fuel has a bladder structure having a variable volume.
In order to support the weight of the stored fuel, the elastic force of the metal spring provided on the peripheral side of the container needs to be increased to some extent.

【0006】このため、ベーパが発生したときに燃料液
面上方に生じ得る気相の最大圧力が大きくなって、例え
ば給油のためにフィラーキャップを外した場合等に燃料
タンク内からベーパが大気中に噴出してしまうのを防止
するのが困難であった。
For this reason, the maximum pressure of the gas phase which can be generated above the fuel level when the vapor is generated increases. For example, when the filler cap is removed for refueling, the vapor is removed from the fuel tank to the atmosphere. It was difficult to prevent spouting.

【0007】また、上述したとおり、従来、エンジン運
転時には燃料タンク内で発生したベーパはキャニスタを
介してエンジンに供給され燃焼されていたが、例えば外
気温が高く機関の運転に伴う発熱量が極めて大きいよう
な状態においては、キャニスタを介してエンジンに供給
し得る範囲を越えてベーパが発生する場合がある。この
ような場合には、ベーパはキャニスタに吸着しきれなく
なると大気中に放出されることになり、大気汚染を引き
起こす原因となっていた。
Further, as described above, conventionally, during operation of the engine, the vapor generated in the fuel tank has been supplied to the engine via the canister and burned. In a large state, vapor may be generated beyond the range that can be supplied to the engine via the canister. In such a case, when the vapor cannot be adsorbed to the canister, the vapor is released into the atmosphere, causing air pollution.

【0008】本発明は、上記問題点を解決するためにな
されたもので、燃料タンク内の蒸発燃料の外部への放出
を抑制することができる燃料タンクを提供することを目
的とする。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has as its object to provide a fuel tank capable of suppressing the release of evaporated fuel in a fuel tank to the outside.

【0009】[0009]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、請求項1記載の発明に係る燃料タンクは、液体燃料
を貯蔵する燃料タンク本体と、該燃料タンク本体内の燃
料液面よりも上方に設けられ、連通路を介して前記燃料
タンク本体の内部と接続され前記燃料タンク本体内の燃
料の蒸発量に応じて容積が変化する容積可変容器とを備
えたことを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, a fuel tank according to the first aspect of the present invention has a fuel tank main body for storing liquid fuel and a fuel liquid level in the fuel tank main body. A variable volume container which is provided above and is connected to the inside of the fuel tank main body through a communication passage, and has a volume that changes according to the amount of fuel evaporated in the fuel tank main body.

【0010】燃料タンク本体内の蒸発燃料量が増減し、
燃料タンク内圧力が変動したとき、連通路を介して燃料
タンク本体の内部と接続されている容積可変容器の容積
が変化するので、燃料タンク内圧力の変動が小さくな
る。この結果、燃料タンク内の蒸発燃料の外部への放出
が抑制されるため、蒸発燃料が大気中に放出され大気汚
染を引き起こすのを防止することが容易になる。
[0010] The amount of evaporated fuel in the fuel tank body increases and decreases,
When the pressure inside the fuel tank fluctuates, the volume of the variable volume container connected to the inside of the fuel tank body via the communication path changes, so that the fluctuation in the pressure inside the fuel tank decreases. As a result, since the emission of the fuel vapor in the fuel tank to the outside is suppressed, it is easy to prevent the fuel vapor from being released into the atmosphere and causing air pollution.

【0011】また、燃料タンク本体内の燃料液面よりも
上方に燃料タンク本体とは別に容積可変容器を設けたの
で、燃料タンク本体自体を容積可変の容器とした場合の
ように貯蔵燃料の重量を支えるために弾性力の大きい金
属バネを容積可変容器に設ける必要がない。このため、
ベーパが発生したときに燃料液面上方に生じ得る気相の
最大圧力を小さくできるので、例えば給油の際にフィラ
ーキャップを外したときに給油口から蒸発燃料が噴出す
るのを防止できる。
Further, since a variable volume container is provided separately from the fuel tank main body above the fuel level in the fuel tank main body, the weight of the stored fuel is reduced as in the case where the fuel tank main body itself is a variable volume container. It is not necessary to provide a metal spring having a large elastic force in the variable volume container in order to support the container. For this reason,
Since the maximum pressure of the gaseous phase that can be generated above the fuel level when vapor is generated can be reduced, it is possible to prevent the fuel vapor from being ejected from the fuel supply port when, for example, the filler cap is removed during fueling.

【0012】また、請求項2記載の発明は、請求項1記
載の燃料タンクにおいて、前記容積可変容器及び前記連
通路の少なくとも一方を冷却する冷却手段を設けたこと
を特徴とする。
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the fuel tank of the first aspect, cooling means for cooling at least one of the variable volume container and the communication path is provided.

【0013】この構成によって、燃料タンク本体内の蒸
発燃料は、容積可変容器または連通路において冷却手段
により冷却され液化されるので、例えば外気温が高く機
関の運転に伴う発熱量が極めて大きいような状態におい
ても蒸発燃料量を低減し、燃料タンク内圧力の上昇を緩
和することができるため、蒸発燃料が大気中に放出され
大気汚染を引き起こすのを防止する効果をより一層高め
ることができる。
With this configuration, the fuel vapor in the fuel tank main body is cooled and liquefied by the cooling means in the variable volume container or the communication passage. Therefore, for example, the outside air temperature is high and the amount of heat generated by the operation of the engine is extremely large. Even in this state, the amount of fuel vapor can be reduced and the rise in the pressure in the fuel tank can be reduced, so that the effect of preventing the fuel vapor from being released into the atmosphere and causing air pollution can be further enhanced.

【0014】また、請求項3記載の発明は、請求項1又
は2記載の燃料タンクにおいて、前記燃料タンク本体は
断熱構造を有することを特徴とする。
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the fuel tank according to the first or second aspect, the fuel tank body has a heat insulating structure.

【0015】この構成によって、燃料タンク本体内部と
外部との間の熱の伝達量が減少するので、燃料タンク内
の蒸発燃料量の変化が抑制され、燃料タンク内圧力の変
動が小さくなる。この結果、燃料タンク内の蒸発燃料の
外部への放出が抑制されるので、蒸発燃料が大気中に放
出され大気汚染を引き起こすのを防止する効果を更に一
層高めることができる。
With this configuration, the amount of heat transfer between the inside and the outside of the fuel tank body is reduced, so that the change in the amount of fuel vapor in the fuel tank is suppressed, and the fluctuation in the pressure inside the fuel tank is reduced. As a result, since the release of the evaporated fuel in the fuel tank to the outside is suppressed, the effect of preventing the evaporated fuel from being released into the atmosphere and causing air pollution can be further enhanced.

【0016】[0016]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
を参照して詳述する。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

【0017】図1は、本発明の実施の一形態に係る燃料
タンクとその周辺要素を示す全体構成図である。
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a fuel tank and its peripheral elements according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【0018】燃料タンク1は、燃料タンク本体1aと、
ベローズから成るブラダ式の容積可変容器としての副室
1bと、燃料タンク本体1aと副室1bとを接続する連
通路1cと、該連通路1cに設けられた冷却装置1dと
から構成されている。
The fuel tank 1 comprises a fuel tank body 1a,
It is composed of a sub chamber 1b as a bladder type variable volume container made of bellows, a communication path 1c connecting the fuel tank main body 1a and the sub chamber 1b, and a cooling device 1d provided in the communication path 1c. .

【0019】燃料タンク本体1aは、フィラーパイプ1
fを介して図示しない給油口と接続されている。また、
燃料タンク本体1aは、該本体1a内部と外部との間の
熱伝達量を減少させるために、外壁が、例えばグラスウ
ールから成る断熱層1eにより被われている。副室1b
は、燃料タンク本体1a内の燃料液面より上方に設けら
れ、連通路1cを介して燃料タンク本体1a内の燃料液
面より上方の内部空間と接続されると共に、燃料タンク
本体1a内の圧力Pがタンク本体内の蒸発燃料量の増減
に応じて変化するとき、容積が拡縮するように金属バネ
1b’が周側部に設けられたブラダ構造とされている。
また副室1bは、タンク内圧Pが例えば18.6mmH
g(ゲージ圧)以下の範囲で容積が拡縮するように設計
されている(現行法の規制ではタンク内圧Pが18.6
mmHg以下であれば給油口からの蒸発燃料の大気中へ
の放出が許容されているからである)。
The fuel tank body 1a includes a filler pipe 1
It is connected to an unillustrated filler port via f. Also,
The outer wall of the fuel tank body 1a is covered with a heat insulating layer 1e made of, for example, glass wool in order to reduce the amount of heat transfer between the inside and the outside of the body 1a. Sub chamber 1b
Is provided above the fuel level in the fuel tank body 1a, is connected to the internal space above the fuel level in the fuel tank body 1a through the communication passage 1c, and has a pressure inside the fuel tank body 1a. The metal spring 1b 'has a bladder structure in which a metal spring 1b' is provided on the peripheral side so that the volume expands and contracts when P changes according to the increase and decrease of the amount of fuel vapor in the tank body.
The sub chamber 1b has a tank internal pressure P of, for example, 18.6 mmH.
It is designed so that the volume expands and contracts within a range of g (gauge pressure) or less (under the regulation of the current law, the tank internal pressure P is 18.6).
If the pressure is equal to or less than mmHg, the emission of fuel vapor from the filler port into the atmosphere is permitted.

【0020】冷却装置1dは、例えば熱電冷却素子(2
つの異種の金属の接合部を通って電流を流したとき熱が
吸収されると云うペルチエ効果(Peltier effect)に基
づいて作られた電子熱ポンプ)から成り、内燃エンジン
の発熱量が増大する高回転運転時等の所定の運転状態に
おいて電力が供給され、連通路1cを通過する蒸発燃料
(以下、ベーパと云う)を冷却するように構成されてい
る。
The cooling device 1d includes, for example, a thermoelectric cooling element (2
An electronic heat pump based on the Peltier effect, which absorbs heat when current is passed through a junction of two dissimilar metals, which increases the heat generated by the internal combustion engine. Electric power is supplied in a predetermined operation state such as a rotation operation to cool the evaporated fuel (hereinafter, referred to as vapor) passing through the communication passage 1c.

【0021】また、燃料タンク本体1aは、燃料供給管
2を介して図示しない内燃エンジンの燃料ポンプに接続
されると共に、チャージ通路3を介してキャニスタ4に
接続されている。チャージ通路3には、二方向弁5及び
タンク本体1a内の圧力Pを検出するタンク内圧センサ
6が設けられている。二方向弁5はタンク内圧センサ6
により検出されたタンク内圧Pが大気圧より所定圧(例
えば、20mmHg)高くなったとき及びタンク内圧P
が二方向弁5のキャニスタ4側の圧力より所定圧(例え
ば、10mmHg)だけ低くなったときに開弁作動する
ように構成されている。この二方向弁5が開弁作動する
タンク内圧Pの範囲(P>20mmHg,P<−10m
mHg)は、副室1bの容積が拡縮するときのタンク内
圧Pの範囲と重なり合わないように設定される(即ち、
副室1bは、−10mmHg<P<20mmHg(1
8.6mmHg)の範囲でのみ容積が拡縮する)。
The fuel tank main body 1a is connected to a fuel pump (not shown) of the internal combustion engine via a fuel supply pipe 2 and to a canister 4 via a charge passage 3. The charge passage 3 is provided with a two-way valve 5 and a tank internal pressure sensor 6 for detecting the pressure P in the tank body 1a. The two-way valve 5 is a tank pressure sensor 6
When the tank internal pressure P detected by the above becomes higher than the atmospheric pressure by a predetermined pressure (for example, 20 mmHg), and when the tank internal pressure P
Is configured to open when the pressure on the canister 4 side of the two-way valve 5 becomes lower by a predetermined pressure (for example, 10 mmHg). The range of the tank internal pressure P at which the two-way valve 5 opens (P> 20 mmHg, P <−10 m
mHg) is set so as not to overlap with the range of the tank internal pressure P when the volume of the sub-chamber 1b expands or contracts (that is, in other words, mHg).
The sub-chamber 1b has a capacity of −10 mmHg <P <20 mmHg (1
The volume expands and contracts only in the range of 8.6 mmHg).

【0022】キャニスタ4は燃料タンク本体1aからチ
ャージ通路3を介して放出されたベーパを吸着するため
の活性炭を内蔵すると共に、通路7を介して大気に連通
する吸気口(図示せず)に接続されている。また、キャ
ニスタ4はパージ通路8を介して図示しない吸気管のス
ロットル弁の下流側に接続されている。パージ通路8に
は電磁弁から成るパージ制御弁9が設けられており、該
パージ制御弁9の開閉によりキャニスタ4からパージさ
れる燃料空気混合気の流量が制御される。
The canister 4 has a built-in activated carbon for adsorbing the vapor discharged from the fuel tank main body 1a through the charge passage 3 and is connected to an intake port (not shown) communicating with the atmosphere through the passage 7. Have been. The canister 4 is connected via a purge passage 8 to the intake pipe (not shown) on the downstream side of the throttle valve. The purge passage 8 is provided with a purge control valve 9 composed of an electromagnetic valve. The opening and closing of the purge control valve 9 controls the flow rate of the fuel-air mixture purged from the canister 4.

【0023】次に、図2を参照して、本実施の形態の燃
料タンクの動作を説明する。
Next, the operation of the fuel tank according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

【0024】図2は、外気温Tと車輌駐車時のタンク内
圧Pの関係を示すグラフである。
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the outside air temperature T and the tank internal pressure P when the vehicle is parked.

【0025】同図において、曲線Aは外気温Tの1日
(時刻tSから時刻tEが1日を示す)の変化を示し、曲
線Bは本実施の形態に係る燃料タンクのタンク内圧Pの
変化(冷却装置1dは不作動とする)を示す。また、曲
線Cは従来の容積一定の燃料タンクにおけるタンク内圧
Pの変化を示す。
In the figure, a curve A shows a change in the outside air temperature T in one day (from time tS to a time tE shows one day), and a curve B shows a change in the tank internal pressure P of the fuel tank according to the present embodiment. (The cooling device 1d is deactivated.) A curve C shows a change in the tank internal pressure P in a conventional fuel tank having a constant volume.

【0026】タンク内圧Pは時刻tSにおいて大気圧と
等しく、この状態から外気温Tが上昇すると、ベーパの
発生量が増大しタンク内圧Pが上昇する。
The tank internal pressure P is equal to the atmospheric pressure at time tS. When the outside air temperature T rises from this state, the amount of generated vapor increases and the tank internal pressure P rises.

【0027】曲線Bに示すように、本実施の形態に係る
燃料タンクでは、タンク内圧Pの上昇に応じて副室1b
の容積が拡大するので、タンク内圧Pの上昇が緩和され
る。この結果、図示例においては、外気温Tが最高温T
Uとなる時刻tUにおいてもタンク内圧Pが二方向弁5の
上側作動圧PMAX(例えば、20mmHg)に達しない
ので、燃料タンク1内のベーパはキャニスタ4に放出さ
れない。このため、車輌を長期間運転することなく放置
した場合にも、燃料タンク本体1aからキャニスタ4へ
の累計のベーパ放出量を抑制することができるので、キ
ャニスタ4のベーパ吸着能力を増大させる等の特別の措
置を講じることなく、ベーパの大気中への放出を防止す
ることができる。
As shown by the curve B, in the fuel tank according to the present embodiment, the sub-chamber 1b
, The rise of the tank internal pressure P is alleviated. As a result, in the illustrated example, the outside air temperature T is equal to the maximum temperature T.
Since the tank internal pressure P does not reach the upper operating pressure PMAX (for example, 20 mmHg) of the two-way valve 5 even at the time tU when U is reached, the vapor in the fuel tank 1 is not discharged to the canister 4. For this reason, even when the vehicle is left without operating for a long period of time, the total amount of vapor released from the fuel tank main body 1a to the canister 4 can be suppressed, so that the vapor adsorption capacity of the canister 4 can be increased. The release of vapor into the atmosphere can be prevented without taking any special measures.

【0028】時刻tUから外気温Tが下降し、これに伴
ってタンク内圧Pが下降すると副室1bの容積が縮小す
る。時刻tNにタンク内圧Pが大気圧まで下降すると副
室1b周側部に設けられた金属バネ1b’が略自然長と
なり、副室1bの容積は時刻tSの状態に戻る。その
後、更に外気温Tが下降し、タンク内圧Pが大気圧を下
回ると副室1bの容積は時刻tSの状態よりも縮小す
る。これにより、タンク内圧Pの下降が緩和され、図示
例においては、外気温Tが最低温TLとなる時刻tLにお
いても、タンク内圧Pが二方向弁5の下側作動圧PMIN
(例えば、−10mmHg)に達しないので、燃料タン
ク1内にキャニスタ4から混合気は吸入されない。この
ため、再び外気温Tが上昇しベーパの発生量が増大した
ときにも副室1bの容積が拡大し得る余地が残される。
When the outside air temperature T decreases from time tU and the tank internal pressure P decreases accordingly, the volume of the sub-chamber 1b decreases. When the tank internal pressure P drops to the atmospheric pressure at time tN, the metal spring 1b 'provided on the peripheral side of the sub-chamber 1b has a substantially natural length, and the volume of the sub-chamber 1b returns to the state at time tS. Thereafter, when the outside temperature T further decreases and the tank internal pressure P falls below the atmospheric pressure, the volume of the sub-chamber 1b becomes smaller than that at the time ts. As a result, the decrease in the tank internal pressure P is moderated. In the illustrated example, even at the time tL at which the outside air temperature T becomes the minimum temperature TL, the tank internal pressure P is maintained at the lower operating pressure PMIN of the two-way valve 5.
(For example, −10 mmHg), so that the air-fuel mixture is not sucked into the fuel tank 1 from the canister 4. For this reason, even when the outside air temperature T rises again and the amount of generated vapor increases, there remains room for the volume of the sub-chamber 1b to expand.

【0029】曲線Cに示すように、従来の燃料タンクで
は、時刻tSからの外気温Tの上昇に伴ってタンク内圧
Pが上昇し、時刻t1にタンク内圧Pが二方向弁5の上
側作動圧PMAXに達すると、二方向弁5が開弁し、燃料
タンク内ベーパがキャニスタ4に放出される。時刻t1
から時刻t2の期間は二方向弁5が断続的に開弁作動し
て、タンク内圧PはPMAX値を越えないように制御され
る。このとき、燃料タンク本体1aから放出されたベー
パはキャニスタ4において活性炭に吸着され、ベーパの
放出量が活性炭の吸着能力を越えたときには、その時点
からベーパは大気中に放出される。
As shown by the curve C, in the conventional fuel tank, the tank internal pressure P increases with an increase in the outside air temperature T from time ts, and at time t1, the tank internal pressure P becomes higher than the upper operating pressure of the two-way valve 5. When the pressure reaches PMAX, the two-way valve 5 opens and the vapor in the fuel tank is discharged to the canister 4. Time t1
From time t2 to time t2, the two-way valve 5 is opened intermittently to control the tank internal pressure P so as not to exceed the PMAX value. At this time, the vapor released from the fuel tank main body 1a is adsorbed on the activated carbon in the canister 4, and when the amount of vapor released exceeds the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon, the vapor is released to the atmosphere from that point.

【0030】時刻tUから外気温Tが下降すると、これ
に伴ってタンク内圧Pが下降する。時刻tNにタンク内
圧Pが大気圧まで下降し、更に時刻t3にタンク内圧P
が二方向弁5の下側作動圧PMINまで下降すると、キャ
ニスタ4を介して燃料タンク本体1aに外気を吸入すべ
く二方向弁5が断続的に開弁作動し、このとき、キャニ
スタ4の活性炭に吸着されたベーパは再び蒸気化して燃
料タンク本体1aに取り込まれる。
When the outside temperature T decreases from the time tU, the tank internal pressure P decreases accordingly. At time tN, the tank pressure P drops to atmospheric pressure, and at time t3, the tank pressure P
Is lowered to the lower operating pressure PMIN of the two-way valve 5, the two-way valve 5 is opened intermittently to suck the outside air into the fuel tank body 1a through the canister 4, and at this time, the activated carbon of the canister 4 is activated. The vapor adsorbed on the fuel tank is vaporized again and taken into the fuel tank main body 1a.

【0031】このように、従来の容積一定の燃料タンク
においては、外気温Tの変化に伴って蒸発燃料量が増減
すると、この蒸発燃料量の増減が直接タンク内圧Pの変
動につながるため、タンク内圧Pの変動が大きく、この
結果、燃料タンク内ベーパの外部への放出量が大きくな
る。これに対して、本実施の形態の燃料タンクにおいて
は、ベーパの発生量の増減に応じて副室1bの容積が拡
縮することにより、タンク内圧Pの変動が小さくなるの
で、燃料タンク内ベーパを外部に放出すべき場合が少な
くなる。この結果、燃料タンク内ベーパの外部への放出
量を抑制することができるので、キャニスタ4のベーパ
吸着能力を向上させる等の特別の措置を構ずることな
く、燃料タンク内ベーパが大気中に放出されるのを防止
できる。
As described above, in the conventional fuel tank having a constant volume, if the amount of evaporated fuel increases or decreases with the change of the outside air temperature T, the increase or decrease of the amount of evaporated fuel directly leads to the change of the tank internal pressure P. The fluctuation of the internal pressure P is large, and as a result, the amount of the vapor discharged from the vapor in the fuel tank to the outside is increased. On the other hand, in the fuel tank of the present embodiment, the fluctuation of the tank internal pressure P is reduced by expanding and contracting the volume of the sub-chamber 1b according to the increase and decrease of the amount of generated vapor. Fewer cases need to be released to the outside. As a result, the amount of the vapor in the fuel tank released to the outside can be suppressed, so that the vapor in the fuel tank can be released into the atmosphere without any special measures such as improving the vapor adsorption capacity of the canister 4. Can be prevented.

【0032】また、本実施の形態の燃料タンクは、容積
可変の副室1bを燃料タンク本体1aとは別に燃料タン
ク本体1a内の燃料液面よりも上方に設けたので、例え
ば燃料タンク本体1a自体を容積可変のブラダ構造とし
た場合には貯蔵燃料の重量を支えるためにある程度弾性
力の大きい金属バネを燃料タンク本体1aに設ける必要
があるのと比較して、副室1bに特に弾性力の大きい金
属バネを設ける必要がなく、このため、ベーパが発生し
たときに燃料液面上方に生じ得る気相の最大圧力を小さ
くできるので、給油時等にベーパが給油口から噴出して
しまうことを防止できる。
In the fuel tank according to the present embodiment, the sub chamber 1b having a variable volume is provided above the fuel level in the fuel tank main body 1a separately from the fuel tank main body 1a. In the case of a bladder structure having a variable volume, a metal spring having a relatively large elastic force is required to be provided in the fuel tank main body 1a to support the weight of the stored fuel. There is no need to provide a large metal spring, which can reduce the maximum pressure of the gas phase that can be generated above the fuel level when vapor is generated. Can be prevented.

【0033】更にまた、本実施の形態の燃料タンクによ
れば、燃料タンク1内のベーパ発生量が特に増大するよ
うな状態、例えば外気温が高温であり且つエンジンの運
転による発熱量が大きい状態においては冷却装置1dに
電力を供給し、該冷却装置1dにより燃料タンク内ベー
パを冷却し液化することによって、燃料タンク内のベー
パ量を低減し、タンク内圧Pの上昇を緩和することがで
きる。これにより、上述したような状態においても燃料
タンク内ベーパの放出量をキャニスタ4を介してエンジ
ンに供給し得る範囲に抑えることができる。
Further, according to the fuel tank of the present embodiment, a state in which the amount of vapor generated in the fuel tank 1 is particularly increased, for example, a state in which the outside air temperature is high and the amount of heat generated by the operation of the engine is large. In the above, power is supplied to the cooling device 1d, and the vapor in the fuel tank is cooled and liquefied by the cooling device 1d, whereby the amount of vapor in the fuel tank can be reduced and the rise in the tank internal pressure P can be moderated. Thus, even in the above-described state, the amount of vapor released from the fuel tank can be suppressed to a range that can be supplied to the engine via the canister 4.

【0034】更にまた、本実施の形態の燃料タンクによ
れば、燃料タンク本体1aの外壁は断熱層1eによって
被われているため、燃料タンク本体1aの外壁を介した
熱の伝達量が減少され、燃料タンク1内の温度変化が抑
制されるので、タンク内圧Pの変動が抑制され、この結
果、燃料タンク内ベーパの外部への放出量を抑制でき
る。
Furthermore, according to the fuel tank of the present embodiment, since the outer wall of the fuel tank main body 1a is covered with the heat insulating layer 1e, the amount of heat transmitted through the outer wall of the fuel tank main body 1a is reduced. Since the temperature change in the fuel tank 1 is suppressed, the fluctuation of the tank internal pressure P is suppressed, and as a result, the amount of the fuel tank vapor discharged to the outside can be suppressed.

【0035】また、燃料タンク本体1aの外壁を介した
熱の伝達量は断熱層1eの断熱仕様に応じて変化するの
で、副室1bの大きさは、断熱層1eの断熱仕様に応じ
て設定すればよい。例えば、断熱層1eの断熱効果が高
い場合は副室1bは小さいものでよく、断熱層1eの断
熱効果が低い場合は副室1bは大きいものを用いるのが
好ましい。
Further, since the amount of heat transmitted through the outer wall of the fuel tank body 1a changes according to the heat insulation specification of the heat insulating layer 1e, the size of the sub chamber 1b is set according to the heat insulating specification of the heat insulating layer 1e. do it. For example, when the heat insulating effect of the heat insulating layer 1e is high, the sub-chamber 1b may be small, and when the heat insulating effect of the heat insulating layer 1e is low, it is preferable to use a large sub-chamber 1b.

【0036】尚、冷却装置1dは熱電冷却素子に限ら
ず、例えばカーエアコンを稼働させることにより得られ
る冷風によって、連通路1cを冷却するようにしてもよ
い。また、冷却装置1dは副室1bを冷却するようにし
てもよく、連通路1cと副室1bを共に冷却するように
してもよい。
Note that the cooling device 1d is not limited to the thermoelectric cooling element, and the communication passage 1c may be cooled by, for example, cold air obtained by operating a car air conditioner. The cooling device 1d may cool the sub-chamber 1b, or may cool both the communication passage 1c and the sub-chamber 1b.

【0037】また、冷却装置1dの稼働はエンジン運転
時に限らず、例えば太陽電池を車輌に取り付け、該太陽
電池が発電した電力を用いて、車輌の駐車中にも冷却装
置1dによって燃料タンク内ベーパを冷却するようにし
てもよい。
The operation of the cooling device 1d is not limited to the operation of the engine. For example, a solar cell is mounted on the vehicle, and the electric power generated by the solar cell is used. May be cooled.

【0038】[0038]

【発明の効果】請求項1記載の副室付燃料タンクによれ
ば、燃料タンク本体内の蒸発燃料量が増減し、燃料タン
ク内圧力が変動したとき、連通路を介して燃料タンク本
体の内部と接続されている容積可変容器の容積が変化す
るので、燃料タンク内圧力の変動幅が小さくなる。この
結果、燃料タンク内の蒸発燃料の外部への放出が抑制さ
れるため、蒸発燃料が大気中に放出され大気汚染を引き
起こすのを防止することが容易になる。
According to the fuel tank with the sub-chamber according to the first aspect, when the amount of evaporative fuel in the fuel tank body increases and decreases and the pressure in the fuel tank fluctuates, the inside of the fuel tank body is communicated through the communication passage. Since the volume of the variable volume container connected to the fuel tank changes, the fluctuation range of the pressure in the fuel tank decreases. As a result, since the emission of the fuel vapor in the fuel tank to the outside is suppressed, it is easy to prevent the fuel vapor from being released into the atmosphere and causing air pollution.

【0039】また、燃料タンク本体内の燃料液面よりも
上方に燃料タンク本体とは別に容積可変容器を設けたの
で、燃料タンク本体自体を容積可変の容器とした場合の
ように貯蔵燃料の重量を支えるために弾性力の大きい金
属バネを容積可変容器に設ける必要がない。このため、
ベーパが発生したときに燃料液面上方に生じ得る気相の
最大圧力を小さくできるので、例えば給油の際にフィラ
ーキャップを外したときに給油口から蒸発燃料が噴出す
るのを防止できる。
Further, since the variable volume container is provided separately from the fuel tank main body above the fuel level in the fuel tank main body, the weight of the stored fuel is reduced as in the case where the fuel tank main body itself is a variable volume container. It is not necessary to provide a metal spring having a large elastic force in the variable volume container in order to support the container. For this reason,
Since the maximum pressure of the gaseous phase that can be generated above the fuel level when vapor is generated can be reduced, it is possible to prevent the fuel vapor from being ejected from the fuel supply port when, for example, the filler cap is removed during fueling.

【0040】請求項2記載の副室付燃料タンクによれ
ば、燃料タンク内の蒸発燃料は、容積可変容器または連
通路において冷却手段により冷却され液化されるので、
例えば外気温が高く機関の運転に伴う発熱量が極めて大
きいような運転状態においても蒸発燃料量を低減し、燃
料タンク内圧力の上昇を緩和することができるため、蒸
発燃料が大気中に放出され大気汚染を引き起こすのを防
止する効果をより一層高めることができる。
According to the fuel tank with the subchamber according to the second aspect, the fuel vapor in the fuel tank is cooled and liquefied by the cooling means in the variable volume container or the communication passage.
For example, even in an operating condition in which the outside air temperature is high and the amount of heat generated by the operation of the engine is extremely large, the amount of fuel vapor can be reduced and the rise in the pressure in the fuel tank can be reduced, so that the fuel vapor is released into the atmosphere. The effect of preventing air pollution can be further enhanced.

【0041】請求項3記載の副室付燃料タンクによれ
ば、燃料タンク本体内部と外部との間の熱の伝達量が減
少するので、燃料タンク内の蒸発燃料量の変化が抑制さ
れ、燃料タンク内圧力の変動が小さくなる。この結果、
燃料タンク内の蒸発燃料の外部への放出が抑制されるの
で、蒸発燃料が大気中に放出され大気汚染を引き起こす
のを防止する効果を更に一層高めることができる。
According to the fuel tank with the sub-chamber according to the third aspect, the amount of heat transfer between the inside and the outside of the fuel tank body is reduced, so that the change in the amount of evaporated fuel in the fuel tank is suppressed, and Fluctuations in the tank pressure are reduced. As a result,
Since the emission of the fuel vapor in the fuel tank to the outside is suppressed, the effect of preventing the fuel vapor from being released into the atmosphere and causing air pollution can be further enhanced.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明の実施の一形態に係る副室付燃料タンク
の全体構成図である。
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a fuel tank with a sub-chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】同副室付燃料タンクにおけるタンク内圧Pと外
気温Tとの関係を示すグラフ図である。
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between a tank internal pressure P and an outside air temperature T in the fuel tank with a sub-chamber.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 燃料タンク 1a タンク本体 1b 副室 1c 連通路 1d 冷却装置 1e 断熱層 4 キャニスタ 5 二方向弁 6 タンク内圧センサ 9 パージバルブ Reference Signs List 1 fuel tank 1a tank main body 1b sub chamber 1c communication passage 1d cooling device 1e heat insulating layer 4 canister 5 two-way valve 6 tank internal pressure sensor 9 purge valve

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 液体燃料を貯蔵する燃料タンク本体と、
該燃料タンク本体内の燃料液面よりも上方に設けられ、
連通路を介して前記燃料タンク本体の内部と接続され前
記燃料タンク本体内の燃料の蒸発量に応じて容積が変化
する容積可変容器とを備えたことを特徴とする燃料タン
ク。
1. A fuel tank body for storing a liquid fuel,
It is provided above the fuel level in the fuel tank body,
A fuel tank, comprising: a variable volume container connected to the inside of the fuel tank body via a communication passage, the volume of the container changing according to the amount of fuel evaporated in the fuel tank body.
【請求項2】 前記容積可変容器及び前記連通路の少な
くとも一方を冷却する冷却手段を設けたことを特徴とす
る請求項1記載の燃料タンク。
2. The fuel tank according to claim 1, further comprising cooling means for cooling at least one of the variable volume container and the communication passage.
【請求項3】 前記燃料タンク本体は断熱構造を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の燃料タンク。
3. The fuel tank according to claim 1, wherein the fuel tank body has a heat insulating structure.
JP20396997A 1997-07-15 1997-07-15 Fuel tank Expired - Fee Related JP3790017B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20396997A JP3790017B2 (en) 1997-07-15 1997-07-15 Fuel tank

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20396997A JP3790017B2 (en) 1997-07-15 1997-07-15 Fuel tank

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH1134675A true JPH1134675A (en) 1999-02-09
JP3790017B2 JP3790017B2 (en) 2006-06-28

Family

ID=16482643

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP20396997A Expired - Fee Related JP3790017B2 (en) 1997-07-15 1997-07-15 Fuel tank

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3790017B2 (en)

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JP2009030539A (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-02-12 Aisan Ind Co Ltd Evaporated fuel discharge suppressing device
US8813726B2 (en) 2011-03-28 2014-08-26 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel tank system
JP2018100631A (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-28 本田技研工業株式会社 Fuel tank system
WO2020189558A1 (en) * 2019-03-20 2020-09-24 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Liquid tank
DE102019126414A1 (en) * 2019-09-30 2021-04-01 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Fuel tank system and motor vehicle
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US11280287B1 (en) 2020-10-20 2022-03-22 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Diagnostic method for pressure-less fuel tank
US11651631B2 (en) 2021-04-05 2023-05-16 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for diagnosing degradation in pressureless fuel tank
US11754012B1 (en) 2022-06-03 2023-09-12 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for a pressureless fuel tank

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009030539A (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-02-12 Aisan Ind Co Ltd Evaporated fuel discharge suppressing device
US7665447B2 (en) 2007-07-27 2010-02-23 Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel vapor control devices
US8813726B2 (en) 2011-03-28 2014-08-26 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel tank system
JP2018100631A (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-28 本田技研工業株式会社 Fuel tank system
WO2020189558A1 (en) * 2019-03-20 2020-09-24 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Liquid tank
DE102019126414A1 (en) * 2019-09-30 2021-04-01 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Fuel tank system and motor vehicle
US11346308B1 (en) 2021-07-09 2022-05-31 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for diagnosing degradation in a pressure-less fuel tank

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