JPH11326008A - Device for simply restructuring stereoscopic image and three-dimensional traveling speed distribution of three-dimensional space distribution of powder in fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple restructuring device for a stereoscopic image of a three- dimensional space distribution of a powder in a fluid and for a space distribution of the powder, by which a short continuous phenomenon such as a space movement of a powder can be followed, of which a processing time is short and the amount of a record medium is little. SOLUTION: This device is composed of a projection means α for introducing parallel rays each generated from a plurality of positions to a region to be visualized in which a powder is located and transmitting them through the region, a projection image processing means β for taking a photograph of a projection image projected by the projection means αto image-process it, a stereoscopic image construction means γ of a three-dimensional space distribution, for determining a powder concentration distribution of the powder at arbitrary coordinates as a function of the components of projection coordinates to restructure it as for whole region to be visualized, based on a plurality of data each obtained by the projection image processing means β at the same time, and a construction means δ of a powder traveling speed distribution, which carries out the stereoscopic image construction means γ at two consecutive times to represent each cross correlation of the powder space distributions of the two consecutive times by a distribution of vector values.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for easily reconstructing a three-dimensional image of a concentration distribution of a powder or the like, and more particularly, to an image formed by transmitting parallel light beams from a plurality of directions using a CCD camera or the like. The present invention relates to an apparatus for simply reconstructing a three-dimensional image of a powder distribution, which simply and three-dimensionally constitutes an instantaneous concentration distribution of a powder or the like and a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of the distribution.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been proposed an apparatus for reconstructing a three-dimensional image of a spatial distribution of an object surface and an internal structure of an object and a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of the distribution. Techniques related to reconstructing a stereoscopic image of the spatial distribution of the object surface and the internal structure of the object include, for example, (1) as known as a CT method, for example, arranging a row of point light sources and sensors around a visualization area. A method of reconstructing the original image by convolving the projection image with a reconstruction function and backprojecting it, that is, multiplying the projection image by a function that cancels out the values of irrelevant coordinates when backprojected, and integrates (Sum the number of projections)
Method (Hounsfield (around 1967): hereinafter, referred to as "prior art example 1") (2) As is known as a light sectioning method, "intersection of stationary slit light from both sides of an irradiation optical axis of a stationary slit light source as a boundary. By irradiating the object with the scanning slit light to be scanned, the object can be imaged over a wide area and the slit images can be synthesized easily and accurately. "
For this purpose, "a reference slit light, which is a stationary slit light, is irradiated from a reference laser onto a measurement object.
The reference light cutting line on the measurement object by the reference slit light from the reference laser is imaged by the right CCD camera and the left CCD camera. The imaged reference light section line 6 is image-processed by an image processor as a reference cylinder image of the image. Then, the image processor detects the position of the reference slit image on each image image and stores this position data in the image memory (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-42010: hereinafter referred to as "Prior Art Example 2"). ).

A technique for reconstructing a planar image of a two-dimensional moving velocity distribution of a fluid is described in, for example, (3) "Measuring liquid velocity in a gas-liquid multiphase flow field". For the purpose, `` Zinc sulfide particles, or particles coated with zinc sulfide on the surface are mixed into the gas-liquid multiphase flow field as tracer particles, and irradiate pulse laser light with a wavelength in the near ultraviolet region to emit luminescence from the tracer particles. Along with emitting the fluorescence, only the fluorescence emitted by the tracer particles is imaged, and by calculating the moving speed of the tracer particles from the image obtained by the imaging, the liquid in the gas-liquid multiphase flow field is calculated. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 7-63642: hereinafter referred to as “prior art example 3”) (4) “Particle size 2 mm or less 10 μm” The purpose is to visualize the flow field and quantitatively determine the physical quantity of the flow field by irradiating the laser light two-dimensionally in a light sheet shape and continuously irradiating it in the fluid mixed with the particles above. ""When the particles in the liquid containing the fine particles pass through the laser sheet surface, the scattered or fluorescent light is photographed by a CCD camera from a direction perpendicular to the sheet surface, and the scattered or fluorescent light of the particles is taken. The information is recorded on a recording medium via a camera, and field information for time to six times is extracted from the image information at time intervals corresponding to the speed of the particles, and the flow area is obtained by performing image processing on the information. Visualize all at once and measure physical quantities such as fluid velocity and flow function "(Patent 191253
No. 3, hereinafter referred to as “prior art example 4”).

[0004]

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 10a, a point light source 1 emitting light radially and a sensor array 2 are visualized as known as the CT method of the prior art example 1 of (1). This is known as a method of arranging around a region 3 and convolving a reconstruction function with a projection image, and backprojecting to reconstruct an original image, or the (2) light section method of the prior art example 2 shown in FIG. By irradiating the measurement object 5 with the scanning slit light 4, the reference light cutting line 6 on the object is imaged by the CCD camera 7, and the imaged reference light cutting line is converted into an image by the image processor. There are methods such as image processing, but the equipment is expensive, or
In order to follow a continuous phenomenon of a short time of about 10 milliseconds, such as a spatial movement of powder, CT using an electron beam scan cannot cope because the processing time is at least 0.1 second or more. , And the need for large amounts of recording media,
There was a problem.

As a technique for reconstructing a planar image of a two-dimensional moving velocity distribution of a fluid shown in prior art examples 3 and 4 shown in the above (3) and (4), as shown in FIG. The laser light is applied to the fluid 8 containing the particles in the form of a light sheet.
When the particles pass through the laser sheet surface 9, the light scattered or fluoresced is photographed by a CCD camera 10 from a direction perpendicular to the sheet surface. Light is recorded on a recording medium via a camera, field information for time to six times is extracted from the image information at time intervals corresponding to the speed of the particles, and the flow area is obtained by performing image processing on the information. It visualizes at one time and measures physical quantities such as fluid velocity and flow function. However, the equipment is expensive, and although it is highly accurate, it can be reconstructed only in two-dimensional data. When the irradiation light is weakened by powder or the like, there is a problem that the measurement becomes difficult.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention can follow a short-time continuous phenomenon of about 10 milliseconds, such as a spatial movement of a powder, can be realized with a simple configuration, at low cost, and with low accuracy. An object of the present invention is to provide a simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of a powder or the like in a fluid, which can reconstruct a three-dimensional distribution of the powder, and can measure even if irradiation light is slightly weakened by the powder or the like. Aim.

[0007]

The inventor of the present invention can follow a short continuous phenomenon of about 10 milliseconds, such as a spatial movement of a powder, can cope with a short processing time, and uses a small amount of a recording medium. It is possible to easily reconstruct a three-dimensional image of the spatial distribution of the powder, which can be realized at low cost and with low accuracy, but to reconstruct the three-dimensional distribution. To provide a three-dimensional image of the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the powder in the fluid and a simple reconstruction device for the three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of the distribution, which can also be measured by using a numerical simulation. , Parallel light from multiple directions is guided to the visualization area, transmitted, and visualized using multiple numerical value matrices at the same time obtained by image processing the image taken by a CCD camera etc. as a projected image by parallel light By obtaining and reconstructing the density distribution of powder or the like at arbitrary coordinates as a function R of the projective coordinate component of a plurality of numerical matrices at the same time for all the regions in the region, the present invention can be realized at low cost and can realize powder at low cost. It has been found that, since it follows a short-term continuous phenomenon of about 10 milliseconds like a spatial movement, the processing time can be reduced and the recording medium capacity can be reduced.

The present invention has been made based on the above findings. The gist of the present invention is as follows: (1) An image is formed by transmitting parallel light beams from a plurality of directions using a photographing means. In a simple reconstruction device for the three-dimensional image of the powder distribution, which constitutes the instantaneous concentration distribution of the powder in the solid, the parallel light rays generated from two or more positions are visualized in which the powder of the object is located Projecting means for guiding and transmitting the projected image, projecting image processing means for photographing a projected image projected by the projecting means, and performing image processing on the projected image; A three-dimensional spatial distribution stereoscopic image constructing means for obtaining and reconstructing a powder concentration distribution at the coordinates as a function of a projected coordinate component by using a plurality of luminance numerical matrices at the same time obtained by the image processing means; And a powder moving velocity distribution constructing means, wherein the body image constructing means is performed at two consecutive times and each cross-correlation of the powder spatial distribution for the two times is represented by a vector value distribution. The apparatus is a simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional spatial distribution of powder and a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the powder. A plurality of luminance value matrices A = (A (u, k)) and B = (B at the same time obtained by performing image processing on the image obtained by the image processing means
(V, k)), C = (C (w, k))..., The arbitrary coordinates (i, j,
k), the three-dimensional density distribution R (i, j, k) of the powder, etc.
Function R of (u, k), B (v, k), C (w, k) ...
(I, j, k) = f (A (u, k), B (v, k), C
(W, k) ...), where u = g (i, j), v = h
(I, j) and w = m (i, j) are obtained and reconstructed. (3) For all regions in the visualization region, 3 such as powder of certain coordinates (i, j, k) The three-dimensional image construction means described in (2) is applied to the three-dimensional moving velocity distribution V (i, j, k) at two consecutive times T1 and T1 + ΔT seconds,
A vector value L (i, j, k) = (L1,1) at which the cross-correlation of each part of the three-dimensional image of the three-dimensional spatial distribution for two times is maximized.
L2, L3), and the vector value V (i,
j, k) = (L1 / ΔT, L2 / ΔT, L3 / ΔT), and reconfigured. (4) The multiple directions in (1) are two directions rotated by 90 degrees. That is, R (i, j, k) = f (A (i, k), B
(5) The function of the coordinate component of the numerical value matrix is a weighted multiplication of the projective coordinate component of the numerical value matrix of luminance, that is, R (i, j, k). ) = (Constant) × A (i, j) × B (i,
k), and (6) the function of the coordinate component of the numerical value matrix is a power of a weighted multiplication of the projective coordinate component of the numerical value matrix of luminance.
(7) The parallel rays are X-rays or laser beams,
(8) using two sets of schlieren devices to guide and transmit parallel light rays from two directions to the same visualization area;
(9) guiding parallel light rays from two directions to the same visualization region using two sets of schlieren devices, transmitting the parallel rays, and performing image processing using a schlieren image as a projected image of the density distribution; and (10) Using a plurality of mirrors, taking an image of a plurality of parallel rays with one camera, and capturing an image matrix at the same time on one screen; and (11)
A ghost image generated when the density distribution has a plurality of local maxima is determined and removed, that is, (i1, j1), (i2, j2), (i)
Focusing on a set of (2, j1), (i1, j2), one set having a distribution symmetrical in the direction of the bisector of the projection direction is determined as a ghost image and removed. A simple reconstruction device for a three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional spatial distribution of a powder or the like and a three-dimensional moving speed distribution of the distribution.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, the principle of a simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional image of a spatial distribution of a powder or the like or a simple reconstruction apparatus of a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of a powder or the like in a fluid will be compared with a conventional method. This will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view showing a simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional image of a spatial distribution of powder or the like or a simple reconstruction apparatus for three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of powder or the like in a fluid according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the principle of a simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional image of a spatial distribution of powder or the like or a simple reconstruction apparatus for three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of powder or the like in a fluid according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a simplified reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional image of a spatial distribution of powder or the like according to the present invention, in which parallel rays are guided to a visualization region from a plurality of directions and transmitted, and an image captured by a CCD camera or the like is projected as a parallel ray projection image. By using a plurality of numeric matrixes of luminance at the same time obtained by image processing, the density distribution of powder, etc. at a certain coordinate for all the regions in the visualization region is projected by a plurality of numeric matrices at the same time. FIG. 5 is a diagram obtained and reconstructed as a function R of a coordinate component. FIG. 4 shows a simple reconstruction apparatus for three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of powders in a fluid according to the present invention, in which the method of FIG. FIG. 11 is a diagram in which a vector value L at which a cross-correlation of each part of a three-dimensional image of a spatial distribution is maximized is obtained, and the vector value L is obtained as a distribution of a vector value V divided by ΔT and reconstructed.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, an image of transmitted light of parallel rays from a plurality of directions is photographed using photographing means such as a CCD camera, and the instantaneous concentration distribution of powder in a fluid is determined. In a simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional image of a three-dimensionally composed powder distribution, a projection means α for guiding parallel light rays respectively generated from two or more positions to a visualization region where the powder of the detection object is located and transmitting the light. And a three-dimensional powder concentration distribution at arbitrary coordinates with respect to all regions within the visualization region. A three-dimensional spatial distribution three-dimensional image construction means γ for obtaining and reconstructing a powder concentration distribution at the coordinates as a function of the projected coordinate component using a plurality of luminance numerical matrices at the same time; Two consecutive And a powder movement velocity distribution constructing means δ that represents each cross-correlation of the powder space distribution for two times by a vector value distribution.

With this configuration, the concentration distribution of the powder in the fluid at the same time is transmitted by the projecting means α using parallel rays from two or more positions, and the data obtained by the projecting means α is used as a basis. By performing image processing by the projected image image processing means β, it is possible to grasp the planar density distribution of the powder at the same time observed from two or more positions. Then, using the plurality of planar density distributions, the three-dimensional image constructing means γ determines and reconstructs the powder density distribution at the coordinates as a function of the projected coordinate components using a numerical value matrix of luminance. Construct a three-dimensional image of the spatial distribution.

Next, the three-dimensional image construction means γ is obtained at two consecutive times, and the powder movement speed distribution construction means δ expresses each cross-correlation of the powder space distribution by a vector value distribution, thereby moving the powder. The speed distribution can be grasped. Since the three-dimensional image of the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the powder and the like in the fluid and the three-dimensional moving velocity distribution V of the distribution can be easily reconstructed in this way, the present invention can be realized at low cost and can realize the space of the powder. Since it follows a short continuous phenomenon of about 10 milliseconds like movement, the processing time can be reduced and the recording medium can be reduced. In addition, for all regions within the visualization region, a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution V of powder or the like at arbitrary coordinates can be realized at low cost, and although low in accuracy, the vector value of each cross-correlation of the powder spatial distribution is obtained. A three-dimensional distribution can be reconstructed as a distribution of vector values obtained by dividing the distribution Va by ΔT. Furthermore, conventionally, since the slit light was projected from the vertical direction, another powder behind the powder could not be seen, but in the present invention, the portion where the powder does not exist because the transmitted light is used. Then it is not a shadow. For this reason, even if the irradiation light is somewhat weakened by the powder or the like, the projection image image processing means β corresponding to the irradiation light can cope with the problem, and the powder distribution can be measured.

Next, when a numerical simulation of the model shown in FIG. 2 is performed, a three-dimensional density distribution 11 to be visualized is obtained by irradiating a parallel ray 12 in the j direction and a parallel ray 13 in the i direction. Using the image Rx (i) on the i-axis and the image Ry (j) on the j-axis, a reconstructed image R on the i, j plane
Let (i, j) be a function of the coordinate component of the numerical value matrix, that is, a weighted multiplication of the projective coordinate component of the numerical value matrix of luminance, for example, R (i,
j) = (coefficient) × Rx (i) × Ry (j) or a power of a weighted multiplication to obtain and reconstruct by calculating using only the value corresponding to the coordinates, A reproduced image c was obtained for the original image model b of the model, but when the values of the original image model and the reproduced image were compared as shown in d, almost the same values were obtained and could be reproduced reliably.

As shown in FIG. 3, parallel light rays 11, 12, and 13 are projected from a plurality of directions as a projection means α in the visualization area 1.
4 and a plurality of numerical matrixes of luminance at the same time obtained by performing image processing on an image taken by a CCD camera or the like as a projection image projected by the projection means α as an image projected by the projection means α. Using 5, 5, 6 and 17, the density distribution of powder or the like at a certain coordinate is obtained as a function R of the projective coordinate components of a plurality of numerical matrices at the same time and reconstructed for all the areas in the visualization area. Thus, a three-dimensional image can be obtained.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the principle of simple reconstruction of a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of powders and the like in a fluid will be described. As described above, two times T1 seconds and T1
+ ΔT seconds, stereoscopic image 1 of three-dimensional spatial distribution for two times
The vector value L that maximizes the cross-correlation between the portions 20 and 21 of 8 and 19 is determined, and the vector value L is obtained as a distribution of the vector value V divided by ΔT and reconstructed.

Next, a simplification method for a simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional image of a spatial distribution of a powder or the like or an apparatus for easily reconstructing a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of a powder or the like in a fluid will be described with reference to the drawings. I do. FIG. 5 is a view showing a simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional image of a spatial distribution of powder or the like according to the present invention, in which a plurality of perspective directions in FIG.
FIG. 6 shows an image formed by a plurality of parallel rays using a plurality of mirrors.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method of capturing images by one camera and capturing an image matrix at the same time on one screen. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a method for guiding parallel light rays from two directions to the same visualization region using two sets of schlieren devices and transmitting the light beams using two sets of schlieren devices in the apparatus for easily reconstructing a three-dimensional image of a spatial distribution of powder or the like according to the present invention. It is.

Here, FIG. 5 shows a plurality of directions of FIG.
The parallel rays 25 and 26, which are the projection means α, are guided to the visualization area 22 and transmitted therethrough, photographed as a projection image by the parallel rays using a CCD camera or the like, and this image is projected image processing means. 2 obtained by image processing with β
The density distributions of powder and the like at arbitrary coordinates are calculated for all regions in the visualization region using the numerical values matrices 23 and 24 of the luminance at the same time, and a function of the projected coordinate components of the plural numerical matrices at the same time. It is reconstructed by the stereoscopic image construction means γ obtained as R.

Here, as a method for generating parallel rays as the projection means α, as shown in FIG. 7, a method of using two sets of schlieren devices to guide parallel rays from two directions to the same visualization region and transmit the same. Can be considered. That is, a set of schlieren devices arranged the point light source 28 at the focal length of the concave mirror 29, created a parallel light beam 30, passed through the visualization unit 27, reflected by the concave mirror 31, and photographed by the camera 32 arranged at the focal length. The image is subjected to image processing to obtain one luminance numerical matrix, and as another set of Schlieren devices, a point light source 33 is arranged at the focal length of the concave mirror 34, a parallel ray 35 is formed, and the parallel light 35 is passed through the visualizing unit 27, and the concave mirror 36
An image taken by the camera 37 which is reflected at the focal length and is arranged at the focal length can be image-processed to obtain one numerical value matrix of the luminance. However, as shown in FIG. Using a method that captures an image with parallel rays of light on one camera and captures the image matrix at the same time on one screen, one CCD camera and three concave mirrors can be saved one by one. In addition, it is possible to maintain the same time of two luminance value matrices obtained by image processing, which is advantageous in handling.

Next, an error reduction method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a method of determining and removing a ghost image generated when a plurality of local maxima are present in the density distribution. Here, when there are a plurality of local maxima 38 and 39 in the density distribution of the original image (a), ghost images 42, 43 and 44 occur in addition to the correct images 40 and 41 in the density distribution of the reproduced image (b). I do. Therefore, (i1, j1), (i2, j
2), focusing on a set of (i2, j1) and (i1, j2),
One set 4 having a distribution symmetric in the bisector direction of the projection direction
By discriminating 2, 43 as a ghost image and removing it, an image (c) with reduced errors can be obtained. That is, the values of the correct images 40 and 41 shown in FIG. 8 are values corresponding to the powder density distribution, and do not become exactly the same values. Therefore,
Since the values of the correct images 40 and 41 are different, the correct image 4
Ghost images 42 and 43 formed based on 0 and 41 are
In the example of FIG. 8, the average of the two correct images 40 and 41 is the value of the ghost images 42 and 43, and the ghost images have the same numerical value. For this reason, the correct images 40 and 41 and the ghost images 42 and 43 can be distinguished, and the ghost images 42 and 43 can be removed.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, a point light source 1 is arranged at a position of 3 m which is the focal length of the concave mirror 1, and a parallel light beam is formed, reflected by the plane mirror 1, passed through the visualization area, reflected by the concave mirror 2, and further reflected by the plane mirror 2. Let
An image taken by a camera arranged at the focal length and a point light source 2 arranged at the focal length of the concave mirror 1 to form a parallel ray, reflected by the plane mirror 3, passed through the visualization area, reflected by the concave mirror 3, and further reflected by the plane mirror 4, images taken by a camera arranged at a position of 3 m which is the focal length are simultaneously taken into the camera, image-processed, and a numerical matrix A (i, j) of luminance in two directions shown in FIG. And B
(I, k), and R (i, j, k) = A (i, j) ×
B (i, k) / maxA (i, j) / maxB (i,
With the calculation k), the reproduced images of the powder at the four times shown in FIG. 9B were easily obtained. In this way, by using a plurality of mirrors, an image of a plurality of parallel rays is captured by one camera, and an image matrix at the same time is captured on one screen, so that an image of the transmitted light of the parallel rays from a plurality of directions is obtained. Was photographed using a CCD camera or the like, and a three-dimensional image of the powder distribution, in which the instantaneous concentration distribution of the powder and the like was easily formed in a three-dimensional manner, could be easily reconstructed.

[0021]

According to the present invention, a simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional image of a spatial distribution of powder or the like or a simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution guides and transmits parallel light rays from a plurality of directions to a visualization area. Using a matrix of multiple brightness values at the same time obtained by image processing of an image taken by a CCD camera etc. as a projection image by the camera, the density distribution of powder, etc. at a certain coordinate in all areas within the visualization area Is obtained and reconstructed as a function R of the projective coordinate components of a plurality of numerical matrices at the same time, it is possible to reproduce inexpensively, and a short time of about 10 milliseconds as in the case of spatial movement of powder. A continuous phenomenon can be followed, the processing time can be shortened and the recording medium can be reduced. In addition, for all regions within the visualization region, the three-dimensional moving velocity distribution V of powder or the like at a certain coordinate may be represented by continuous two-time data to indicate the cross-correlation of each part of the three-dimensional spatial distribution three-dimensional image. As a result, the powder moving speed distribution can be easily grasped, and when applied to the powder blowing method, for example, the diffusion state of the powder can be grasped and the control and the like can be simplified. In addition, it is possible to easily and inexpensively reconstruct the powder moving speed distribution, and because it is a technique using transmitted light, it can measure even if the irradiation light is slightly weakened by powder or the like. The present invention has excellent effects such as an effect that the powder distribution can be easily reconstructed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional image of a spatial distribution of a powder and the like and a simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional movement velocity distribution of a powder in a fluid according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the principle of a simple reconstruction device for a three-dimensional image of a spatial distribution of powder or the like or a device for easily reconstructing a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of a powder or the like in a fluid according to the present invention. .

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram reconstructed by a stereoscopic image construction unit according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram reconstructed by a powder moving velocity distribution constructing means in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of reconstructing by a three-dimensional image constructing unit in which the projection direction of the projecting unit in the present invention is set to two directions rotated by 90 degrees.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of capturing an image of a plurality of parallel rays with a single camera using a plurality of mirrors and capturing an image matrix at the same time on one screen.

FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory view of an example in which two sets of schlieren devices are used as projection means in the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of determining and eliminating a ghost image generated on a platform having a plurality of local maxima in the density distribution.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which a reproduced image of a powder to which the present invention is specifically applied is obtained.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a conventional stereoscopic image reconstruction method.

[Description of Signs] α Projecting Means β Projected Image Image Processing Means γ Three-Dimensional Image Constructing Means δ Powder Moving Speed Distribution Constructing Means 1,28,33 Visualization area 4 Scanning slit light 5 Object to be measured 6 Reference light cutting line on object 7, 10, 32, 37 CCD camera 8 Fluid mixed with fine particles 9 Laser sheet surface 11, 12, 13 Parallel light 15, 16 , 17, 23, 24 Numerical matrix of luminance 18, 19 Stereoscopic image 20, 21 Each part of stereoscopic image 18, 19 25, 26, 30, 35 Parallel rays 29, 31, 34, 36 Surface mirror 27 Visualizer 38, 39 local maximum 40,41 correct image 42,43,44 ghost image

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A simple reconstruction of a three-dimensional image of a powder distribution, in which an image is formed by means of a photographing means using transmitted light of parallel rays from a plurality of directions, and an instantaneous concentration distribution of the powder in the fluid is three-dimensionally constituted. A projection device for guiding parallel light rays respectively generated from two or more positions to a visualization region where the powder of the object is located and transmitting the same; and a projection image image for capturing and projecting a projection image projected by the projection device. Processing means, and a powder density distribution at an arbitrary coordinate for all the areas in the visualization area, using a plurality of brightness numerical matrices at the same time obtained by the projection image processing means at the powder at the coordinates. A three-dimensional spatial distribution stereoscopic image constructing means for obtaining and reconstructing a body density distribution as a function of the projected coordinate component, and the three-dimensional image constructing means at two consecutive times, each cross-correlation of the powder spatial distribution for two times The baek And a three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional spatial distribution of the powder in the fluid, and a simple reconstruction device for the three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of the distribution. . 2. A three-dimensional spatial distribution stereoscopic image constructing means according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of luminance value matrices A = (A (u, k)) at the same time obtained by a projection image processing means. B = (B
(V, k)), C = (C (w, k))..., Coordinates (i, j,
k), the projected coordinate components A (u, k), B (v, k), C (w, k) Function R
(I, j, k) = f (A (u, k), B (v, k), C
(W, k) ...), where u = g (i, j), v = h
A simple reconstruction of a three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional spatial distribution of powder in a fluid and a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of the distribution, wherein (i, j) and w = m (i, j) are obtained and reconstructed. apparatus. 3. A powder moving velocity distribution constructing means according to claim 1, wherein a certain coordinate (i,
j, k) three-dimensional moving velocity distribution V (i, j, k) of powder
The two times T continuous with the three-dimensional image construction means according to claim 2
A vector value L that is applied in 1 second and T1 + ΔT seconds and has a maximum cross-correlation of each part of the stereoscopic image of the three-dimensional spatial distribution for two time points
(I, j, k) = (L1, L2, L3) is obtained, and a vector value V (i, j, k) = (L1 / ΔT, L) obtained by dividing by ΔT.
2. A three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional spatial distribution of a powder in a fluid and a three-dimensional moving speed distribution of the distribution are obtained and reconstructed as a distribution of 2 / ΔT, L3 / ΔT). 4. R (i, j, k) = two directions obtained by rotating parallel rays generated from two or more positions by 90 degrees.
4. A three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional spatial distribution of powder in a fluid according to claim 2 or 3, wherein f (A (i, k), B (j, k)). Simple reconstruction device for 3D moving velocity distribution. 5. The function of the coordinate component of the numerical value matrix is multiplied by R (i, j, k) = (constant) × A, which is a weighted multiplication of the projective coordinate component of the numerical value matrix of luminance.
5. A simple reconstruction of a three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional spatial distribution of powder in a fluid and a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of the distribution according to claim 4, wherein (i, j) × B (i, k). apparatus. 6. The three-dimensional powder in a fluid according to claim 4, wherein the function of the coordinate component of the numerical value matrix is a power of a weighted multiplication of the projective coordinate component of the luminance value matrix. A simple reconstruction device for a three-dimensional image of a spatial distribution and a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of the distribution. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the parallel rays are X-rays or laser beams.
Item 3. A simple reconstruction device for a three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional spatial distribution of powder in a fluid and a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of the distribution. 8. The fluid in a fluid according to claim 1, wherein two sets of schlieren devices are used to guide and transmit a parallel ray from two directions to the same visualization region. A simple reconstruction device for a three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional spatial distribution of powder and a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of the distribution. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein two sets of schlieren devices are used to guide parallel light rays from two directions to the same visualization area, transmit the parallel rays, and perform image processing using a schlieren image as a projected image of the density distribution. The simple reconstruction apparatus of a three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional spatial distribution of powder in a fluid and a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of the distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 10. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of mirrors are used to capture an image of a plurality of parallel light beams by one camera, and an image matrix at the same time is captured on one screen. A simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional spatial distribution of powder in a fluid and a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of the distribution according to any one of the above. 11. When determining and removing a ghost image generated when a plurality of local maximums are present in the density distribution, coordinates (i1, j1), (i2, j) of local maximums in the k-th section are used.
2), focusing on a set of (i2, j1) and (i1, j2),
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a set having a distribution symmetrical in a bisector direction of the projection direction is determined as a ghost image and removed.
A simple reconstruction apparatus for a three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional spatial distribution of powder in a fluid and a three-dimensional moving velocity distribution of the distribution according to any one of claims 10 to 10.