JPH11316057A - Refrigerating/air conditioning apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a refrigerating/air conditioning apparatus capable of preventing deterioration of a refrigerating/air conditioning capability caused by a fact that condensation temperature and condensation pressure are raised while refrigerant latent heat is reduced in view of physical properties of a refrigerant when condenser side air temperature is high, and so on, and hereby improving efficiency and easily and inexpensively changing the refrigerant. SOLUTION: A plurality of kinds of refrigerants are useable, and a refrigeration circuit is constructed with a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, an outdoor heat exchanger, a throttle apparatus 4, and an indoor heat exchanger 5. There is detected by a refrigeration condition detection apparatus 6 refrigeration conditions on a condensation side such as condensation temperature, condensation pressure, and condenser side air temperature. When a detection result exceeds a preset value, control means 20 calculates control values using a control gain changed in response to the kind of a refrigerant, whereby there is controlled refrigerating/air conditioning capability changing means such as a flow rate of the refrigerant in a refrigerant circuit, an opening of the throttle apparatus 4, a heat exchange amount in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and a heat exchange amount in the indoor heat exchanger 5 to increase refrigerating/air conditioning capability.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerating and air-conditioning system, and more particularly, to the use of a plurality of types of refrigerants.
Also, the present invention relates to securing the performance and improving the efficiency of a refrigeration air conditioner using a refrigerant that causes a decrease in the refrigeration air conditioning capacity when the air temperature on the condenser side is high.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, R2 has been used as a refrigerant for refrigeration and air conditioning systems.
CFC-based refrigerants such as No. 2 have been used. However, since this refrigerant does not have an ozone depletion potential of 0, replacement with an HFC (hydrofluorocarbon) -based refrigerant having an ozone depletion potential of 0 is being promoted. Among these HFC-based refrigerants, in particular, R407C refrigerant (R32 / R125 / R134a, mass fraction 23/2), which is a mixture of two or three kinds, is used.
5/52 wt%) or R410A refrigerant (R32 / R12
5, mass fraction 50/50 wt%) is a promising candidate.

[0003] Among them, R407C refrigerant (R32 / R12
(5 / R134a, mass fraction 23/25/52 wt%) is a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, so the mass composition ratio of each refrigerant when charged and the mass of each refrigerant when the refrigeration / air-conditioning system is operating The composition ratio does not always match. In particular, when there is a liquid reservoir in the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant is hardly accumulated in the liquid reservoir while maintaining the mass composition ratio, and the mass composition ratio of the circulating refrigerant differs. For this reason, when the filled R407C refrigerant (R32 / R125 / R134a) is circulating at a composition ratio of 23/25/52 wt%, the operating pressure is slightly higher than that of the R22 refrigerant, but the R134a of the high boiling point refrigerant has a higher R134a. The operating pressure when circulating at a rich composition ratio may be lower than that of the R22 refrigerant. However, the change in the physical properties of the refrigerant caused by the change in the operating pressure is, for example, the critical temperature of the R407C refrigerant is 86.
74 ° C., which is almost the same as 96.15 ° C. of the R22 refrigerant. Therefore, the latent heat of the refrigerant is almost the same as that of the R22 refrigerant, and even if the R407C refrigerant is used as the refrigerant of the refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus, the same air conditioning capacity as that of the R22 refrigerant can be obtained.

On the other hand, R410A refrigerant (R32 / R12
5, the mass fraction is 50/50 wt%) when the operating pressure is R22.
It is about 1.6 times that of the refrigerant and contains R125 refrigerant, which has a lower latent heat than the R22 refrigerant and the R32 refrigerant.
The R410A refrigerant mixed with 25 has a low temperature of 72.13 ° C. Therefore, when the condensing temperature and the condensing pressure are high, the latent heat of the refrigerant becomes smaller than that of the R22 refrigerant, and there is a disadvantage that the refrigeration and air conditioning capacity cannot be secured. For example, the refrigerant saturation temperature 6
The refrigerant latent heat at 0 ° C. is 139.4 kJ / k for R22 refrigerant.
g, R410A refrigerant is 109.2 kJ / kg, and the ratio is 78.3%. As a result, the refrigeration air conditioner
When the 0A refrigerant is used, the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity is reduced, and the coefficient of performance COP (ratio between the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity and the compression power consumed for obtaining the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity) is also reduced. For example, an evaporation temperature of 10
℃, supercooling degree 5 ℃, superheating degree 10 ℃, condensation temperature 45
The coefficient of performance at ℃ is 5.78 for R22 refrigerant, R410
In the case of the refrigerant A, the ratio is 5.37, and the ratio is 92.9%. On the other hand, under the same conditions, the coefficient of performance at a condensation temperature of 60 ° C. is 3.86 for the R22 refrigerant and 3.86 for the R410A refrigerant.
At 34, the ratio becomes 86.5%. A refrigeration system using such R410A refrigerant is disclosed in
There is one disclosed in JP-A-145177.

[0005]

As described above, R12
In a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus using a mixed refrigerant containing a refrigerant that adversely affects the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity such as R5, for example, the R410A refrigerant, there are the following problems due to the physical properties of the R410A refrigerant. That is, for example, when the cooling operation is performed at a high temperature of 40 ° C. or higher, the condensing temperature and the condensing pressure increase. For this reason, the latent heat of the refrigerant becomes small, and the refrigerating / air-conditioning ability cannot be secured, and the efficiency also decreases. In particular, in the cooling operation at a high outside air temperature in the air conditioner, the air conditioning load is large and the cooling capacity needs to be increased, but conversely, it is difficult to secure the cooling capacity, which is a major problem as the air conditioner. . That is, in the conventional refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus, since the R22 refrigerant is used as the refrigerant, the apparatus is suitable for the refrigerant physical properties of the R22 refrigerant. Therefore, if it is attempted to use a refrigerant having different physical properties with this apparatus configuration, various problems such as a decrease in the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity arise.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention to provide a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus which is versatile with respect to a refrigerant without changing the conventional apparatus configuration so much. In particular, in the present invention, a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus capable of securing refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity and improving efficiency even when a mixed refrigerant of R32 and R125 other than the R22 refrigerant, for example, a refrigerant having different physical properties such as R410A refrigerant is used as the refrigerant. The purpose is to gain.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a refrigerant circuit which can use a plurality of types of refrigerant, connects a compressor, a condensing-side heat exchanger, a throttle device, and an evaporating-side heat exchanger and circulates the refrigerant. A refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus having a refrigeration / air-conditioning capability changing means for changing the operation of components of the refrigerant circuit to change the refrigeration / air-conditioning capability, and a refrigerant state detecting means for detecting a state of the refrigerant on the condensation side of the refrigerant circuit, When the result detected by the refrigerant state detection means exceeds a preset value, the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means uses a calculation value calculated with a control gain changed according to the type of the refrigerant. And control means for controlling.

Further, the present invention provides a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus which can use a plurality of types of refrigerants and has a refrigerant circuit for connecting a compressor, a condensing-side heat exchanger, a throttle device, and an evaporating-side heat exchanger to circulate the refrigerant. A refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means for changing the operation of the components of the refrigerant circuit to change the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity; a refrigerant state detecting means for detecting a state of the refrigerant on a condensation side of the refrigerant circuit; and a type of the refrigerant. And control means for controlling the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means when a result detected by the refrigerant state detecting means exceeds the set value.

Further, the present invention comprises a refrigerating and air conditioning capacity detecting means for detecting a difference between the operating refrigerating and air conditioning capacity and a target refrigerating and air conditioning capacity, and the control means calculates a calculation value for controlling the refrigerating and air conditioning capacity changing means. The calculation is performed using the first control gain based on the type of the refrigerant and the second control gain changed according to the difference detected by the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity detection means.

Further, the refrigerating and air-conditioning capacity changing means of the present invention comprises:
It is characterized in that the flow rate of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit is changed.

Further, the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means of the present invention comprises:
The amount of heat exchange in the evaporation-side heat exchanger is changed.

Further, the refrigerating and air-conditioning capacity changing means of the present invention comprises:
The opening degree of the expansion device is changed.

Further, the air-conditioning capacity changing means of the present invention is characterized in that it changes the amount of heat exchange in the condensing-side heat exchanger.

Further, the condensing-side heat exchanger of the present invention is characterized in that it is configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit and a heat exchange fluid other than the outside air.

Further, the present invention provides a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus which can use a plurality of types of refrigerants and has a refrigerant circuit for connecting a compressor, a condensing-side heat exchanger, a throttle device, and an evaporating-side heat exchanger to circulate the refrigerant. In the, refrigerant state detection means for detecting the state of the refrigerant on the condensation side of the refrigerant circuit, and a flow path configured to exchange heat between the heat exchange fluid other than the outside air and the refrigerant circulating through the condensation side heat exchanger, Control means for controlling the temperature or flow rate of the heat exchange fluid flowing through the flow path based on the result detected by the refrigerant state detection means.

Further, the refrigerant state detecting means of the present invention is a means for detecting the condensing temperature of the refrigerant, the condensing pressure of the refrigerant, or the air temperature on the condenser side.

Further, the refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to the present invention has a R1
A refrigerant containing 25 is used.

Further, in the refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to the present invention, a refrigerant flow switching valve for switching between a cooling operation and a heating operation is provided in the refrigerant circuit.

[0019]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, an air conditioner will be described as an example of a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating the air conditioner according to the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, for example, R32 and R1
R410A refrigerant having a ratio of 50/50 wt% is used. In the figure, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a refrigerant flow switching valve, for example, a four-way valve, 3 is a condensation side heat exchanger, for example, an outdoor heat exchanger, 4 is a throttle device, 5 is an evaporation side heat exchanger, for example, indoor heat exchanger. An exchanger connects these components to circulate the refrigerant to form a refrigerant circuit. FIG. 1 shows a refrigerant circuit diagram in the case of the cooling operation. In the heating operation, the connection of the four-way valve 2 is switched. Reference numeral 6 denotes a refrigerant state detecting means on the condenser side, for example, a means for detecting a condensing temperature or a value corresponding to the condensing temperature. Specifically, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 serving as a condensing side heat exchanger
This is a condensation temperature detection device that detects the temperature of the refrigerant pipe. Reference numeral 7 denotes a condensing-side blower, in this case an outdoor blower, 8 denotes an evaporating-side blower, in this case an indoor blower, 15 denotes a suction air temperature detecting device, and 20 denotes a control means.

The control means 20 inputs the condensing temperature detected by the condensing temperature detecting device 6 or a value c1 corresponding to the condensing temperature, and outputs one or more of the control signals s1 to s4 based on this value to the respective refrigeration units. Output to the air conditioning capacity changing means. The refrigerating / air-conditioning capability changing means changes the refrigerating / air-conditioning capability by changing the operation of the components constituting the refrigerant circuit. In the present embodiment, an air conditioner has been described as an example of a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus, and the description of the refrigeration apparatus will be omitted, and only the air-conditioning capacity will be described. As the air conditioning capacity changing means, for example, the following four means can be mentioned. 1) Change the amount of heat exchange in the evaporator-side heat exchanger. For example, when the amount of air blown from the indoor blower 8 is changed, the heat exchange efficiency in the indoor heat exchanger 5 can be improved. 2) Change the amount of heat exchange in the condensation side heat exchanger. For example, when the amount of air blown from the outdoor blower 7 is changed, the heat exchange efficiency in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 can be improved. 3) The flow rate of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit is changed. This is because, for example, if the rotational speed of the compressor 1 is increased or decreased, the flow rate of the refrigerant can be changed. 4) The opening degree of the expansion device 4 is changed. This can be changed, for example, by adjusting the opening of an electronic expansion valve or the like.

Hereinafter, the operation of the air conditioner configured as shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas from the compressor 1 passes through the four-way valve 2 and radiates heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 while being condensed and liquefied. Further, the pressure of the refrigerant is reduced by the expansion device 4, evaporated by the indoor heat exchanger 5, and circulated to the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 2. As described above, in the cooling operation, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is operated as a condenser and the indoor heat exchanger 5 is operated as an evaporator, and the outdoor or indoor air is taken in by the outdoor blower 7 and the indoor blower 8 so that the outdoor or indoor air is taken in. Exchange heat with air. Switching of the refrigerant flow path between the cooling operation and the heating operation is performed by a four-way valve 2.
During the heating operation, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is operated as an evaporator, and the indoor heat exchanger 5 is operated as a condenser.
The four-way valve 2 may not be provided in an air conditioner dedicated to cooling.

FIG. 2 shows a control means 20 according to this embodiment.
6 is a flowchart showing a control procedure of the first embodiment. Here, the air conditioning capacity changing unit is a unit that changes the amount of heat exchange in the indoor heat exchanger 5 that is, for example, the evaporation-side heat exchanger, and specifically changes the rotation speed of the indoor blower 8. Thereby, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved by changing the air volume in the indoor heat exchanger 5. First, in ST11, the type of refrigerant used in this air conditioner, for example, R22 refrigerant, R410A refrigerant, R410B refrigerant, etc., is input. In ST12, the condensing temperature of the circulating refrigerant is detected from the refrigerant pipe temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 by the condensing temperature detector 6, and the detected value is input to the control means 20 as an input signal c1. ST13
Then, it is determined whether or not the detected value as a result of the condensation temperature is a predetermined set value, for example, a condensation temperature higher than 60 ° C. If the detected value is less than the set value, ST
At 18, normal operation control is performed.

Here, since the R410A refrigerant is used as the refrigerant, when the air temperature on the condenser side, that is, the outside air temperature increases in the cooling operation, the condensation temperature or the condensation pressure of the refrigerant increases due to the physical properties of the refrigerant. With this, the latent heat of the refrigerant decreases and the heat exchange capacity decreases. The set value in ST13 is a threshold value indicating a decrease in the heat exchange capacity of the refrigerant. When the condensing temperature of the refrigerant exceeds the set value, it is determined that the heat exchange capacity has decreased due to an increase in the condensing temperature or the condensing pressure of the refrigerant. . Then, control is started to increase the air conditioning capacity. Based on the fact that the refrigerant latent heat of the R410A refrigerant is about 80% of that of the R22 refrigerant when the condensing temperature is 60 ° C, the set value of the condensing temperature for the R410A refrigerant is 60 ° C, and the normal operation is performed when the condensing temperature is 60 ° C or lower. Assume that control is performed.
Further, for example, when the condensing temperature when the refrigerant latent heat becomes 90% of the R22 refrigerant, that is, the set value of the condensing temperature at which the control of the increase in the air conditioning capacity is started is set lower than 60 ° C., compared with the case where it is set to 60 ° C. The responsiveness of the air conditioning capacity to the load is improved.

If the detected value is higher than the set value in the judgment of ST13, in ST14 to ST17, the amount of air in the indoor heat exchanger 5, which is an evaporator, is increased to increase the heat exchange capacity and increase the air conditioning capacity. . At this time, the increasing rate of the air flow in the indoor heat exchanger 5 is changed in accordance with the type of the refrigerant to change the increasing amount of the air conditioning capacity. For example, in ST14, the capacity control coefficient a indicating the rate of increase in the amount of air blown by the indoor blower 8 is set according to the type of the refrigerant. The capacity control coefficient a is stored in advance as a table with respect to the type of the refrigerant, and the value of the capacity control coefficient a indicating the rate of increase in the air flow is known from the type of the refrigerant during operation. For example, in the case of the conventional R22 refrigerant, the flow rate increase rate a1 = 1.
On the other hand, in the case of the R410A refrigerant, since the latent heat of the refrigerant at the time of the high condensation temperature is small, the flow rate increase rate a2 is set to a2 = 1.2, which is larger than that of the R22 refrigerant. In addition, R410B refrigerant (R32 / R1
(25, 45/55 wt%), the flow rate increase ratio a3 = 1.25 is set to be larger than that of the R410A refrigerant. Then, in ST15, the air volume in the indoor heat exchanger 5, which is the air-conditioning capacity changing means, is calculated by the equation (1), and the control signal s1 is output so that the calculated value is obtained, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the indoor blower 8. . N ′ = a · N (1) where a: capacity control coefficient N: current air volume in indoor heat exchanger 5 N ′: air volume in indoor heat exchanger 5 for changing air conditioning capacity It is. The capacity control coefficient a is treated as a control gain in general control, and indicates a relationship between a current detection value and a target control value. In the present embodiment, R410A refrigerant is used as the refrigerant,
In ST14, a = 1.2 is set. When N ′ = 1.2N, the number of rotations of the indoor blower 8 is controlled so that the air volume in the indoor heat exchanger 5 increases by N ′, that is, by 20%. As a result, the amount of heat exchange in the indoor heat exchanger 5 increases, and the air conditioning capacity increases.

As described above, even if the latent heat of the refrigerant is reduced due to the physical properties of the type of the refrigerant, the amount of heat exchange in the indoor heat exchanger 5 is increased in accordance with the decrease, so that the cooling / heating operation can be performed. The air conditioning capacity can be maintained. Further, by increasing the heat exchange amount of the indoor heat exchanger 5 serving as an evaporator, the condensation temperature is reduced and the refrigerant latent heat is increased, so that the efficiency can be improved. The input of the type of the refrigerant in ST1 is set at the time when the air conditioner is filled with the refrigerant, and is stored in the control means 20. After that, the stored information is used so that the control process is performed. You do not have to enter it every time.

The control means 20 may be another means for changing the amount of heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, which is another means for changing the air conditioning capacity. At this time, the operation of the control means 20 is almost the same as that of FIG. If the condensing temperature detected by the condensing temperature detecting device 6 is higher than a predetermined set value in ST13, a capacity control coefficient a indicating the rate of increase in the amount of air blown by the outdoor blower 7 is set in ST14. Also in this case, the increase rate of the heat exchange amount in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is changed according to the type of the refrigerant. For example, the capacity control coefficient a for the conventional R22 refrigerant
In contrast, in the case of the R410A refrigerant, the latent heat of the refrigerant at a high condensing temperature is smaller than the air flow increase rate a1 of the outdoor blower 7 = 1.0, and therefore the air flow increase rate a2 = 1.2 is set to be larger than the R22 refrigerant. In addition, R410A refrigerant is more
R410B refrigerant (R32 / R125,4
(5/55 wt%), the flow rate increase ratio a3 = 1.25 is set to be larger than that of the R410A refrigerant.

Then, in ST15, a target control value of the heat exchange amount in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, which is the air conditioning capacity changing means, is calculated. That is, the capacity control coefficient multiplication (a times) of the current air volume is calculated, and the control signal s2 is output so that the air volume becomes this value in ST16 to control the rotation speed of the outdoor blower 7. In this embodiment, since the R410A refrigerant is used, ST1
4, a = 1.2 is set, and when N ′ = 1.2N, the number of rotations of the outdoor blower 7 is controlled so that the air volume in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 increases by N ′, that is, by 20%.
At 17, the heat exchange amount of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 increases, and the air conditioning capacity increases. As described above, even if the latent heat of the refrigerant is reduced due to the physical properties of the type of the refrigerant, the amount of heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is increased in accordance with the decrease, so that the air-conditioning capacity during the cooling / heating operation is improved. Can be maintained. In particular, by increasing the heat exchange capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 serving as a condenser, the condensing temperature is reduced and the latent heat of the refrigerant is increased, so that the efficiency can be improved.

The control means 20 may be another means for changing the rotation speed of the compressor 1, which is another means for changing the air conditioning capacity. At this time, the operation of the control means 20 is almost the same as that of FIG. If the condensing temperature detected by the condensing temperature detecting device 6 is higher than a predetermined set value in the judgment of ST13, ST1
In step 4, a capacity control coefficient a indicating the rate of increase in the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is set. Also in this case, the compressor 1
Change the rate of increase in the number of revolutions. For example, as the capacity control coefficient a in the case of the conventional R22 refrigerant, the rotational speed increase ratio a1 of the compressor 1 is 1.0, whereas in the case of the R410A refrigerant, the refrigerant latent heat at a high condensing temperature is small. Ratio a
2 = 1.2, which is larger than the R22 refrigerant. Also,
When using the R410B refrigerant (R32 / R125, 45/55 wt%) having a higher ratio of R125 than the R410A refrigerant, the rotation speed increase ratio a3 = 1.25 and R4B
Make it larger than 10A refrigerant.

Then, in ST15, a set value of the number of revolutions of the compressor 1, which is the air conditioning capacity changing means, is calculated. That is, a capacity control coefficient multiplication (a times) of the current rotational speed is calculated, and a control signal s3 is output so as to control the rotational speed of the compressor 1 so that the rotational speed becomes this value in ST16. In the present embodiment, R410
Since the refrigerant A is used, in ST14, a = 1.2 is set, and when the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is controlled to be N ', that is, N' = 1.2N, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is increased by 20%. The flow rate increases, and in step ST17, the air conditioning capacity increases. Thus, even if the latent heat of the refrigerant is reduced due to the physical properties of the type of the refrigerant, the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is increased in accordance with the decrease, thereby increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit, / The air conditioning capacity during the heating operation can be maintained. Further, since the compressor 1 is used in a place where the rotation speed is high, the compressor 1 can be operated at a point where the compressor efficiency is high, and the efficiency as an air conditioner can be improved.

The control means 20 may be another means for adjusting the opening degree of the expansion device 4, which is another means for changing the air conditioning capacity. At this time, the operation of the control means 20 is almost the same as that of FIG. When adjusting the opening degree of the expansion device 4, for example, by increasing the opening degree of the expansion device 4 and increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant, the air conditioning capacity can be increased. Further, by reducing the opening degree of the expansion device 4 and increasing the supercooling degree to increase the operating pressure, the refrigerant latent heat can be increased to increase the air conditioning capacity. Whether to increase or decrease the opening degree of the expansion device 4 may be made variable depending on the driving situation at that time. If the condensing temperature detected by the condensing temperature detecting device 6 is higher than a predetermined set value in the determination in ST13, the capability control coefficient a indicating the opening adjustment amount increasing rate of the expansion device 4 in ST14.
Set. Also in this case, the rate of increase or decrease in the degree of opening of the expansion device 4 is changed according to the type of the refrigerant. Hereinafter, a case where the opening degree of the expansion device 4 is increased will be described. For example, as the capacity control coefficient a in the case of the conventional R22 refrigerant, for the opening degree increase rate a1 of the expansion device 4 = 1.0, R41
In the case of the 0A refrigerant, since the latent heat of the refrigerant at the time of the high condensation temperature is small, the opening degree increase ratio a2 = 1.2 is set to be larger than that of the R22 refrigerant. Also, R410B refrigerant (R32 / R125, 45/55) in which the ratio of R125 is higher than that of R410A refrigerant.
wt%), the opening increase ratio a3 =
1.25 is set to be larger than R410A refrigerant.

Then, in ST15, a set value of the opening degree of the expansion device 4, which is the air conditioning capacity changing means, is calculated. That is, the capacity control coefficient times (a times) of the current opening is calculated, and the control signal s4 is output so that the opening becomes this value in ST16 to control the opening of the expansion device 4. In this embodiment, since the R410A refrigerant is used, a = 1.2 is set in ST14, and control is performed so that the opening degree of the expansion device 4 is increased by N ′, that is, by 20% by setting N ′ = 1.2N. Then, the flow rate of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit increases, and accordingly, the air conditioning capacity increases in ST17. Thus, even if the latent heat of the refrigerant is reduced due to the physical properties of the type of the refrigerant, the air-conditioning capacity during the cooling / heating operation can be maintained by adjusting the opening of the expansion device 4 in accordance with the amount of the reduction. it can.

In the above description, the case where the air flow in the indoor heat exchanger 5, the air flow in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the rotation speed of the compressor 1, and the opening of the expansion device 4 are increased. However, depending on the type of refrigerant, the amount of air in the indoor heat exchanger 5, the amount of air in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the number of revolutions of the compressor 1,
The air conditioning capacity may be adjusted by decreasing the opening degree of the expansion device 4. Here, in the case of the R22 refrigerant, a = 1.0
For a refrigerant having a refrigerant latent heat greater than that of the R22 refrigerant, the capacity control coefficient a <1.0 may be set. As described above, the air conditioning capacity can be easily and arbitrarily adjusted in consideration of the physical properties of the type of the refrigerant only by the numerical value set for the capacity control coefficient a.

In the above description, the air conditioning capacity is changed by controlling any one of the blowers 7 and 8, the rotation speed of the compressor 1, and the opening degree of the expansion device 4, thereby controlling the air conditioning. Although the capacity is controlled, the air conditioning capacity may be controlled for any of a plurality of control targets, and the air conditioning capacity may be significantly increased as a whole. In FIG. 1, the control means 20 is configured to send a control signal to all of the control signals s1 to s4. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and one or more control signals of the control signals s1 to s4 are transmitted. What is necessary is just to be comprised so that transmission is possible. Also,
In the control means 20 described here, the suction air temperature detecting device 1
Since the detection value of 5 is not used, the input signal c4 is not particularly necessary.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the same equipment as that of the conventional one can be used as a device constituting a basic refrigerant circuit, and a condensing temperature detecting device 6 for detecting a condensing temperature or a value corresponding to the condensing temperature. And a control means 20 for inputting the detected value of the condensation temperature detecting device 6 to the control means 20, and controlling the equipment to be controlled in accordance with the type of the refrigerant and the detected value. For this reason, there is no significant change in the equipment specifications, and it is possible to easily and inexpensively respond to the change of the refrigerant. In particular, since the temperature sensor, which is generally the condensing temperature detecting device 6, is less expensive than the pressure sensor as the pressure detecting means, an air conditioner which does not conventionally include a condensing temperature detecting device can be introduced without significant cost increase.

The type of the refrigerant to be used is selected from the viewpoints of global environmental protection, ease of handling, energy efficiency, price, and the like, but there is a high possibility that a new refrigerant will be introduced in the future. For this reason, by giving the versatility to the refrigerant, it is possible to obtain an air conditioner that can quickly respond to the change of the refrigerant. For example, a plurality of types of refrigerants having different physical properties can be used without changing the device configuration. When changing or adding a refrigerant, a table of a capacity control coefficient indicating a control gain stored in the control unit is used. Can be dealt with simply by changing or adding. In particular, the capacity control coefficient a is stored as a table with the type of refrigerant, and it is easy to add the type of refrigerant and change the coefficient value. This table may be arranged in any order as long as the type of the refrigerant and the capacity control coefficient can correspond one-to-one. Here, R32 and R12 are used as refrigerants.
A refrigerant having a mixed refrigerant of 5 and having an ozone layer depletion potential of 0 is used. Due to the physical properties of the refrigerant, it is possible to prevent a decrease in air conditioning capacity due to a decrease in refrigerant latent heat. For this reason, an air conditioner that is preferable in terms of global environmental protection can be obtained.

In the above description, the air flow in the indoor heat exchanger 5 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is controlled by controlling the air flow of the indoor blower 7 and the outdoor blower 8. 5. When the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is a natural convection type or the like, the indoor blower 7 and the outdoor blower 8 may not be provided. In this case, for example, the air flow in the indoor heat exchanger 5 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 can be controlled by controlling the opening of the duct.

Embodiment 2 Hereinafter, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating, for example, an air conditioner as the refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to the present embodiment. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts. FIG.
Shows a refrigerant circuit diagram in the case of the cooling operation, and switches the connection of the four-way valve 2 in the heating operation. Reference numeral 9 denotes a refrigerant state detecting means on the condenser side, which is a means for detecting a condensing pressure or a value corresponding to the condensing pressure, and is, for example, a condensing pressure detecting device attached to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 serving as a condenser. . Reference numeral 21 denotes control means.

The control means 21 inputs the condensing pressure detected by the condensing pressure detecting device 9 or a value C2 corresponding to the condensing pressure, and outputs one or more of the control signals s1 to s4 based on this value to the respective refrigeration. Output to the air conditioning capacity changing means. The refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means changes the operation of the components constituting the refrigerant circuit to change the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity. In the present embodiment, an air conditioner has been described as an example of a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus, and the description of the refrigeration apparatus will be omitted, and only the air-conditioning capacity will be described.
The air-conditioning capacity changing means is the same as that of the first embodiment. For example, the air-blowing amount of the indoor blower 8 is changed to improve the heat exchange efficiency in the indoor heat exchanger 5. Further, the amount of air blown by the outdoor blower 7 is changed to improve the heat exchange efficiency in the outdoor heat exchanger 3. In addition, the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is increased to increase the refrigerant flow rate. Further, the opening degree of the expansion device 4 is adjusted.

The operation of the air conditioner having such a configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.
Is operated as a condenser and the indoor heat exchanger 5 as an evaporator, and the outdoor blower 7 and the indoor blower 8 take in outdoor or indoor air to exchange heat with outdoor or indoor air. Switching of the refrigerant flow direction between the cooling operation and the heating operation is performed by the four-way valve 2. During the heating operation, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is operated as an evaporator, and the indoor heat exchanger 5 is operated as a condenser. The four-way valve 2 may not be provided in an air conditioner dedicated to cooling.

The control procedure of the control means 21 is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. However, in this embodiment,
In ST12, the condensing pressure is detected by the condensing pressure detecting device 9, and the detected value is input to the control means 21 as an input signal c2. Then, in ST13, it is determined whether or not the detected value of the condensing pressure is a condensing pressure larger than a predetermined set value set in advance, for example, 3.5 MPa. If the detected value is equal to or less than the set value, normal operation control is performed in ST18.

Here, since R410A is used as a refrigerant, when the air temperature on the condenser side, that is, the outside air temperature increases in the cooling operation, the condensation temperature or the condensation pressure of the refrigerant increases due to the physical properties of the refrigerant. With this, the latent heat of the refrigerant decreases and the heat exchange capacity decreases. The set value in ST13 is
This is the condensing pressure when control is started to increase the air-conditioning capacity in response to the decrease in the heat exchange capacity due to the increase in the condensing temperature or the condensing pressure of the refrigerant. The condensing pressure is 3.5
Based on the fact that the refrigerant latent heat of R410A is about 80% of the R22 refrigerant in MPa, the set value of the condensation pressure for the R410A refrigerant is 3.5 MPa and 3.5 MPa.
In the following cases, normal operation control is performed. However, if a more responsive control is desired, the set value of the condensing pressure at which the control of the increase in the air conditioning capacity is started, such as setting the condensing pressure when the refrigerant latent heat reaches 90% of the R22 refrigerant. Is preferably lower than 3.5 MPa.

If the detected value of the condensing pressure is larger than the set value in the judgment of ST13, a capacity control coefficient a corresponding to the type of the refrigerant is set in ST14 to ST17, and the control signals s1 to s4 are sent to the air conditioning capacity changing means. Is output and controlled.

As the air-conditioning capacity changing means, the first embodiment
Similarly to the above, the amount of heat exchange in the evaporation side heat exchanger is increased, the amount of heat exchange in the condensation side heat exchanger is increased, the flow rate of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is changed, and the opening degree of the expansion device 4 is changed. , Etc. Here, for example, the amount of air blown by the indoor blower 8 is increased, and the amount of air blown by the indoor heat exchanger 5 serving as an evaporator is increased to increase the heat exchange capacity and increase the air conditioning capacity.

Further, the capacity control coefficient a indicating the rate of increase of the control value with respect to the current value in ST14 is set according to the type of the refrigerant similarly to the first embodiment. At this time, since the refrigerant is set based on the amount of decrease in the latent heat of the refrigerant due to the physical properties of the type of the refrigerant, the air conditioning capacity can be increased so as to compensate for the decrease in the latent heat of the refrigerant. For example, in the case of the conventional R22 refrigerant, the capacity control coefficient a is set to a1 = 1.0, and in the case of the R410A refrigerant, the refrigerant latent heat at the high condensing pressure is small.
In the case of R410B in which the ratio of R125 is larger than that of R410A, the capacity control coefficient a
Is larger than R410A (a3 = 1.25).

As in the first embodiment, when the condensing pressure detecting device 9 detects a condensing pressure higher than a predetermined set value, the air volume in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is increased to increase the heat exchange capacity. The air conditioning capacity may be increased. By increasing the heat exchange capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 serving as a condenser, the condensing pressure decreases and the latent heat of the refrigerant increases, so that the efficiency can be improved.

As in the first embodiment, when the condensing pressure detecting device 9 detects a condensing pressure higher than a predetermined set value, the rotational speed of the compressor 1 is increased to increase the refrigerant flow rate. The air conditioning capacity may be increased.

As in the first embodiment, when the condensing pressure detecting device 9 detects a condensing pressure higher than a predetermined set value, the opening degree of the expansion device 4 is adjusted to increase the refrigerant flow rate or supercool. By increasing the operating pressure by increasing the degree, the air conditioning capacity may be increased.

As described above, in the air conditioner according to the present embodiment, when the condensing pressure rises, for example, when the outside air temperature rises, the mixing of R32 and R125 reduces the refrigerant latent heat due to the physical properties of the refrigerant. Even when a refrigerant is used, it is possible to prevent a decrease in air conditioning capacity. In addition, in air conditioners conventionally equipped with a condensation pressure detection device,
Can be introduced without increasing costs. Further, since the condensing pressure detecting device is used, the state can be detected more accurately than the condensing temperature. In addition, a plurality of refrigerants can be used only by having a set value corresponding to the type of the refrigerant in the control means 21, and a new refrigerant can be introduced at a low cost without a significant change in the equipment specifications.

Embodiment 3 Hereinafter, Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing, for example, an air conditioner as a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to the third embodiment. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts. This shows a refrigerant circuit diagram in the case of the cooling operation, and switches the connection of the four-way valve 2 in the heating operation. Reference numeral 10 denotes a condenser-side refrigerant state detecting unit, which in the present embodiment detects a condenser-side air temperature or a value corresponding to the condenser-side air temperature. In the cooling operation, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 serves as a condenser. Therefore, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is, for example, an outside air temperature detection device. Specifically, the temperature of the intake air of the outdoor blower 7 and the temperature thermistor installed in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 Can be detected by the value of. Also, 22
Is control means.

The control means 22 inputs the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature detecting device 10 or a value C3 corresponding to the outside air temperature, and any one of the control signals s1 to s4 based on this value.
One or a plurality of them are output to the respective air conditioning capacity changing means. The refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means changes the operation of the components constituting the refrigerant circuit to change the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity. In the present embodiment, an air conditioner has been described as an example of a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus, and the description of the refrigeration apparatus will be omitted, and only the air-conditioning capacity will be described.
The air-conditioning capacity changing means is the same as that of the first embodiment. For example, the air-blowing amount of the indoor blower 8 is changed to improve the heat exchange efficiency in the indoor heat exchanger 5. Further, the amount of air blown by the outdoor blower 7 is changed to improve the heat exchange efficiency in the outdoor heat exchanger 3. In addition, the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is increased to increase the refrigerant flow rate. Further, the opening degree of the expansion device 4 is adjusted.

The operation of the air conditioner having such a configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.
Is operated as a condenser and the indoor heat exchanger 5 as an evaporator, and the outdoor blower 7 and the indoor blower 8 take in outdoor or indoor air to exchange heat with outdoor or indoor air. Switching of the refrigerant flow path between the cooling operation and the heating operation is performed by the four-way valve 2. During the heating operation, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is operated as an evaporator, and the indoor heat exchanger 5 is operated as a condenser. The four-way valve 2 may not be provided in an air conditioner dedicated to cooling.

The control procedure of the control means 22 is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. However, in this embodiment,
In ST12, the outside air temperature is detected by the outside air temperature detection device 10, and the detected value is input to the control means 22 as an input signal c3. Then, in ST13, it is determined whether or not the detected value of the outside air temperature is a predetermined set value, for example, an outside air temperature higher than 43 ° C. If the detected value is equal to or less than the set value, normal operation control is performed in ST18.

Here, since R410A is used as the refrigerant, when the air temperature on the condenser side, that is, the outside air temperature increases in the cooling operation, the condensation temperature or the condensation pressure of the refrigerant increases due to the physical properties of the refrigerant. With this, the latent heat of the refrigerant decreases and the heat exchange capacity decreases. The set value in ST13 is
This is the condenser-side air temperature when control is started to increase the air-conditioning capacity in response to the decrease in the heat exchange capacity due to the increase in the condensation temperature or the condensation pressure of the refrigerant. When the condenser side air temperature is about 43 ° C. and the refrigerant latent heat of R410A is R22
Based on the fact that it is about 80% of the refrigerant, here R4
The set value of the condenser-side air temperature at the time of 10A refrigerant is 43 ° C., and when the temperature is 43 ° C. or less, normal operation control is performed.
However, if you want more responsive control,
The condenser-side air temperature at which the control for increasing the air-conditioning capacity is started is set to be lower than 43 ° C., for example, by setting the condenser-side air temperature when the refrigerant latent heat becomes 90% of the R22 refrigerant as the set value. Good.

During the cooling operation, when the condenser-side air temperature, that is, the outside air temperature increases and the detection value of the outside air temperature detecting device 10 is higher than a predetermined set value, ST14 to ST17.
Sets the capacity control coefficient a according to the type of the refrigerant, and outputs one or more of the control signals s1 to s4 to the air conditioning capacity changing means for control.

As the air-conditioning capacity changing means, the first embodiment
Similarly to the above, the amount of heat exchange in the evaporation side heat exchanger is increased, the amount of heat exchange in the condensation side heat exchanger is increased, the flow rate of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is changed, and the opening degree of the expansion device 4 is changed. , Etc. Here, for example, the amount of air blown by the indoor blower 8 is increased, and the amount of air blown by the indoor heat exchanger 5 serving as an evaporator is increased to increase the heat exchange capacity and increase the air conditioning capacity.

Also, the capacity control coefficient a indicating the rate of increase of the control value in ST14 with respect to the current value is set according to the type of refrigerant, as in the first embodiment. At this time, since the refrigerant is set based on the amount of decrease in the latent heat of the refrigerant due to the physical properties of the type of the refrigerant, the air conditioning capacity can be increased so as to compensate for the decrease in the latent heat of the refrigerant. For example, in the case of the conventional R22 refrigerant, the capacity control coefficient a is set to a1 = 1.0, and in the case of the R410A refrigerant, the condensing temperature is high and the refrigerant latent heat is small at a high outside air temperature, so that the capacity control coefficient a is larger than that of the R22 refrigerant. (A2 =
1.2), R41 having a higher proportion of R125 than R410A
At 0B, the capacity control coefficient a is made larger than R410A (a3 = 1.25).

Further, similarly to the first embodiment, when the outside air temperature detecting device 10 detects an outside air temperature higher than a predetermined set value, the air flow in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is increased to increase the heat exchange capacity. The air conditioning capacity may be increased. By increasing the heat exchange capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 serving as a condenser, the condensing pressure decreases and the latent heat of the refrigerant increases, so that the efficiency can be improved.

As in the first embodiment, when the outside air temperature detecting device 10 detects an outside air temperature higher than a predetermined set value, the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is increased to increase the refrigerant flow rate. The air conditioning capacity may be increased.

Further, similarly to the first embodiment, when the outside air temperature detecting device 10 detects an outside air temperature higher than a predetermined set value, the opening degree of the expansion device 4 is adjusted to increase the refrigerant flow rate or supercool. The air conditioning capacity may be increased by increasing the temperature and increasing the refrigerant latent heat.

As described above, in the air conditioner according to the present embodiment, when the condensing pressure rises, for example, when the air temperature on the condenser side increases in the cooling operation, the refrigerant latent heat decreases due to the physical properties of the refrigerant. Even when such a refrigerant mixture of R32 and R125 is used, it is possible to prevent the air-conditioning capacity from decreasing. Further, an air conditioner equipped with the outside air temperature detecting device 10 can be introduced without increasing the cost.
Further, the outside air temperature detection device 10 is less expensive than a pressure detection device or the like, and is also inexpensive when newly introduced. In addition, a plurality of types of refrigerants can be used simply by having a set value corresponding to the type of refrigerant in the control means 22, and a new refrigerant can be introduced at a low cost without a significant change in equipment specifications.

Although the cooling operation is mainly described in the first to third embodiments, the indoor heat exchanger 5 is switched by the four-way valve 2 to switch the indoor heat exchanger 5 to the condenser and the outdoor heat. If the exchanger 3 is an evaporator, the same effect as the cooling operation can be obtained in the heating operation of the air conditioner.

In each of the first to third embodiments, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit and the outside air taken in by the outdoor blower 7. It may be configured to exchange heat with another heat exchange fluid. For example, if it is configured to exchange heat with a heat exchange fluid such as water or brine, the outdoor heat exchanger 3
In this case, the operation state of the refrigerant is not affected by the outside air temperature. Therefore, it is possible to further prevent a decrease in the latent heat of the refrigerant due to the physical properties of the refrigerant depending on the type of the refrigerant, and to prevent a decrease in the air conditioning capacity.

Embodiment 4 Hereinafter, control means relating to, for example, an air conditioner will be described as a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a control procedure different from the control procedure shown in FIG. 2 in the first embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, an air conditioner has been described as an example of a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus, and the description of the refrigeration apparatus will be omitted, and only the air-conditioning capacity will be described. The configuration of the air conditioner in the present embodiment may be any of Embodiments 1 to 3.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a control procedure of the control means according to the present embodiment. Here, the air-conditioning capacity changing means is the same as in the first to third embodiments, and 1) changes the amount of heat exchange in the condensation-side heat exchanger. 2) Heats in the evaporation-side heat exchanger. Change the exchange amount,
3) changing the flow rate of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit; 4)
For example, the opening degree of the expansion device 4 is changed. In order to realize these, for example, the air flow in the indoor heat exchanger 5 is changed to improve the heat exchange efficiency. Further, the heat exchange efficiency is improved by changing the air volume in the outdoor heat exchanger 3. In addition, the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is increased to increase the refrigerant flow rate. Also,
The opening degree of the expansion device 4 is adjusted. First, in ST21, the type of refrigerant used in this air conditioner, for example, R22 refrigerant, R410A refrigerant, R410B refrigerant, etc., is input.
In ST22, either the condensation temperature or the condensation pressure of the refrigerant or the condenser-side air temperature is detected. In ST23, the set value b is set according to the type of the refrigerant. The set value b is stored in advance as a table for the type of refrigerant, and the value of the set value b is known from the type of refrigerant during operation. Depending on the type of the refrigerant used, when the condensation temperature, the condensation pressure, the condenser-side air temperature, etc. of the refrigerant increase, the refrigerant latent heat may decrease due to the physical properties of the refrigerant. Therefore, when a detected value such as the condensing temperature or the condensing pressure of the refrigerant or the outside air temperature becomes larger than the set value b, the air conditioning capacity changing means is controlled so as to increase the air conditioning capacity.

For example, in the case of an air conditioner equipped with a condensing temperature detecting device for detecting the condensing temperature, the set value b of the condensing temperature is set to b1 = 65 ° C. in the case of the conventional R22 refrigerant.
And On the other hand, in the case of the R410A refrigerant, since the latent heat of the refrigerant at the time of the high condensation temperature is small, the set value b2 is set to 60 ° C., and the air conditioning capacity is set to be increased at a lower level than the R22 refrigerant. In addition, R410A refrigerant gives R125
R410B refrigerant (R32 / R125, 45
/ 55 wt%), the set value b3 = 5
It is set to increase the air conditioning capacity at 5 ° C. in a state lower than that of the R410A refrigerant.

In ST24, it is determined whether or not the value detected in ST22 is larger than the set value b. Detection value is set value b
In the following cases, normal operation control is performed in ST28.

If it is determined in step ST24 that the detected value is higher than the set value b, a control signal is output to the air conditioning capacity changing means in steps ST25 to ST27 to increase the air conditioning capacity. At this time, the rate of increase of the control value (N ′) with respect to the current value (N) is constant regardless of the type of the refrigerant. For example, ST2
In step 5, the control value to be output to the air-conditioning capacity changing means is calculated by equation (2), and in ST26, a control signal is output so as to become this value and the control target device is controlled. N '= const. N (2) where const. N: a value indicating the current operation of the device to be controlled N ': a control value of the device to be controlled for changing the air-conditioning capacity, const. Is, for example, 1.1. In this embodiment, since the R410A refrigerant is used, for example, in the case of the condensing temperature, b = 60 is set in ST23, and if the detected condensing temperature becomes higher than 60 ° C., control is performed so as to increase the air conditioning capacity. I do. Here, the control value is calculated in ST25 with N ′ = 1.1N, so that the operation of the controlled device increases by about 10%. ST2
At 7, the air conditioning capacity increases.

That is, according to the type of the refrigerant, the set value serving as the reference for increasing the air conditioning capacity is changed.
When the air conditioning capacity is increased by about 10% in 26, the condensation temperature, the condensation pressure, or the condenser-side air temperature at which the air conditioning capacity is reduced by about 10% may be set as the set value. The condensing temperature, the condensing pressure, or the condenser-side air temperature at which the air conditioning capacity is reduced by about 10% differs depending on the type of the refrigerant. That is, control is performed so as to change the air conditioning capacity by changing the set value related to the increase in the air conditioning capacity in accordance with the type of the refrigerant. With such control, even if the latent heat of the refrigerant is reduced due to the physical properties of the type of the refrigerant, the air-conditioning capability is increased, so that the air-conditioning capability during the cooling / heating operation can be maintained.

The tendency of the change of the condensing temperature and the condensing pressure is related to each other, and the tendency of the change of the condensing temperature and the temperature of the condensing side air are related to each other. Therefore, any one of the condensing temperature, the condensing pressure, and the condensing-side air temperature is detected, and the refrigerant state on the condensing side can be known from the detected value. Which one to use depends on the case, but generally speaking, the pressure sensor has higher accuracy of the detection value than the temperature sensor but is more expensive. Further, in the case of the condensing temperature detecting device, the detection value differs depending on the installation position in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, but the condenser side air temperature detecting device has the outside air temperature in the case of the refrigerant operation, and the It can be easily attached to the side of the machine. The choices are made from the advantages and disadvantages of each such detection device.

Further, depending on the device to be controlled as the air conditioning capacity changing means, even if a large control value is output, it cannot operate following the control value and has a limit. For this reason, in the present embodiment, the control value is determined in advance, and the timing for operating with this control value is set to be different depending on the type of the refrigerant, so that the air has high responsiveness and high reliability. Control of the harmony machine can be realized. Further, the control gain may be changed according to the type of the refrigerant to change the control value.

Embodiment 5 FIG. Hereinafter, control means relating to, for example, an air conditioner will be described as a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. This embodiment is an embodiment of a control procedure as in the fourth embodiment. In the present embodiment, an air conditioner has been described as an example of a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus, and the description of the refrigeration apparatus will be omitted, and only the air-conditioning capacity will be described. The configuration of the air conditioner in the present embodiment may be any of Embodiments 1 to 3.

In this embodiment, the air conditioner is provided with an air-conditioning capacity detecting means, and controls the air-conditioning capacity based on detection information from the air-conditioning capacity detecting means. The air conditioning capability detecting means is, for example, the suction air temperature detecting device 15 shown in FIGS. The indoor suction air temperature T in the indoor heat exchanger 5 detected by the suction air temperature detection device 15
The difference between the operating air-conditioning capacity and the target air-conditioning capacity is detected by s, and more accurate control is performed.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a control procedure of the control means according to the present embodiment. Here, the air-conditioning capacity changing means is the same as in the first to third embodiments, and 1) changes the amount of heat exchange in the condensation-side heat exchanger. 2) Heats in the evaporation-side heat exchanger. Change the exchange amount,
3) changing the flow rate of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit; 4)
For example, the opening degree of the expansion device 4 is changed. In order to realize these, for example, the air flow in the indoor heat exchanger 5 is changed to improve the heat exchange efficiency. Further, the heat exchange efficiency is improved by changing the air volume in the outdoor heat exchanger 3. In addition, the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is increased to increase the refrigerant flow rate. Also,
The opening degree of the expansion device 4 is adjusted. First, in ST31, the type of refrigerant used in this air conditioner, for example, R22 refrigerant, R410A refrigerant, R410B refrigerant, etc., is input.
In ST32, the suction air temperature detector 15 detects the suction air temperature Ts in the indoor heat exchanger 5.

Next, in ST33, a deviation ΔT = T−Ts between the detected value Ts of the intake air temperature and the set temperature T is calculated. This set temperature T is a temperature set by the user in the indoor heat exchanger 5. In ST34, a first capability control coefficient d, which is an operation increase rate of the controlled device, is set according to the deviation ΔT. If the deviation ΔT is large, the air-conditioning capacity is insufficient, so that the first capacity control coefficient d> 1.0 is set to a large value to increase the air-conditioning capacity. If there is no deviation ΔT, the air-conditioning capacity is sufficient, so that the first capacity control coefficient d = 1.
By setting to 0, the current state is maintained without increasing or decreasing the air conditioning capacity. Here, the first capability control coefficient d is stored in advance as a table with respect to the value of the deviation, and the value of the first capability control coefficient d is known from the deviation ΔT during operation. Also, the first capacity control coefficient d
Is a function of ΔT {f (ΔT)}, and the value of the first capacity control coefficient d may be calculated from the deviation. As an example of a function, d
= K · ΔT; K> 1 may be a proportional expression.

Next, in ST35, either the condensation temperature, the condensation pressure, or the condensation-side air temperature of the refrigerant is detected. S
At T36, it is determined whether or not the detected value such as the condensation temperature or the condensation pressure of the refrigerant or the air temperature on the condensation side is larger than a predetermined value set in advance. If the detected value is equal to or smaller than the set value, the second capability control coefficient e = 1.0 is set as the operation increase rate of the controlled device (ST37).

If it is determined in ST36 that the detected value is higher than the set value, a second capacity control coefficient e corresponding to the type of refrigerant is set in ST38. The second capacity control coefficient e is stored in advance as a table for the type of refrigerant, and the value of the second capacity control coefficient e is known from the type of refrigerant during operation. For example, the second capacity control coefficient e1 = 1.0 in the case of the conventional R22 refrigerant
On the other hand, in the case of the R410A refrigerant, since the latent heat of the refrigerant at the time of the high condensation temperature is small, the second capacity control coefficient e2 = 1.2 is set to be larger than the R22 refrigerant. In addition, R410B refrigerant (R32 / R
(125, 45/55 wt%), the second capacity control coefficient e3 is set to e3 = 1.25, which is larger than that of the R410A refrigerant.

Then, in ST39 to ST41, a control signal is output to the air conditioning capacity changing means to increase the air conditioning capacity.
In ST39, the control value N 'for the air conditioning capacity changing means is calculated by the equation (3), and a control signal is output so as to be equal to this value to control the control target device. N ′ = d · e · N (3) where, d: a first capacity control coefficient corresponding to the difference between the indoor set temperature and the indoor suction indoor temperature e: a second capacity control coefficient corresponding to the type of the refrigerant N: a value indicating the current operation of the controlled device N ': a control value of the controlled device for changing the air conditioning capacity. That is, the control value is output to the air-conditioning capacity changing means so as to be increased from the current value by (first capacity control coefficient d × second capacity control coefficient e) as the control value N ′ (ST40).
As a result, the air conditioning capacity increases in ST41. For example,
When the deviation ΔT between the indoor suction air temperature and the indoor set temperature is 5 ° C., the capacity control coefficient d is 1.2, and R41 is used as the refrigerant.
0A is used, and when the outside air temperature increases and the condensing temperature becomes higher than the set value, and the second capacity control coefficient e according to the type of refrigerant is set to 1.2, the control to output to the air conditioning capacity control means. The value is: control value N ′ = 1.2 × 1.2 × current value N =
1.44 × N.

As described above, the control value N 'is determined by the required air conditioning capacity increase rate based on the type of refrigerant and the required air conditioning capacity increase rate based on the air conditioning achievement state of the air conditioning space. It can respond accurately to driving conditions,
Due to the physical properties of the type of the refrigerant, even if the latent heat of the refrigerant is reduced, the airflow capacity in the cooling / heating operation can be maintained by increasing the air volume in the indoor heat exchanger 5 in accordance with the decrease. Further, it is possible to obtain a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus that can easily and inexpensively respond to the change of the refrigerant.

Also, in the present embodiment, ST 36 to ST 36
As the setting of the capacity control coefficient e based on the type of the refrigerant in 38, the same control method as the control method described in the first embodiment is used, but the control method in the fourth embodiment may be used. That is, as shown in ST23 to ST25 in FIG. 5, the set value is changed according to the type of the refrigerant, and when the detected value of the refrigerant state on the condensation side exceeds the set value, a preset constant (const.). And the control value may be calculated using the constant and the first capacity control coefficient d changed according to the air conditioning capacity. The first and second capability control coefficients d and e used in the present embodiment are treated as control gains in normal control. Further, in the above description, the air conditioning capacity is detected by calculating the deviation between the indoor set temperature and the indoor intake air temperature. However, the outside air temperature which is the condensing side air temperature is detected, and this air temperature is included. It may be configured to detect the air conditioning capacity.

Embodiment 6 FIG. Hereinafter, Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, an air conditioner has been described as an example of a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus, and the description of the refrigeration apparatus will be omitted, and only the air-conditioning capacity will be described. FIG. 7 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating the air conditioner according to the present embodiment. 1, 3 and 4 indicate the same or corresponding parts. FIG. 7 shows a refrigerant circuit diagram in the case of the cooling operation. In the heating operation, the connection of the four-way valve 2 is switched. The refrigerant circulating in this refrigerant circuit is, for example, R32 and R
125 mixed refrigerant R410A is used. In the figure, 11 is the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid, and 12 is the temperature or flow rate control device of the heat exchange fluid. Reference numeral 13 denotes a heat exchange fluid, for example, 20.
It is city water of about ° C. The flow control device 12 controls the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid 13 by controlling, for example, the rotation speed of a pump. 23 is a control means for controlling the flow control device 12 based on the operating state of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit.

Hereinafter, the operation of the air conditioner configured as shown in FIG. 7 will be described. The heat exchange fluid 13 flows in the flow direction 11 with its flow rate controlled by the flow control device 12. On the other hand, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas from the compressor 1 is supplied to the four-way valve 2.
, The heat exchange fluid 1 other than the outside air in the outdoor heat exchanger 3
3. Heat exchange with 3 to release heat and condensate and liquefy. Further, the pressure of the refrigerant is reduced by the expansion device 4, evaporated by the indoor heat exchanger 5, and circulated to the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 2. Thus, in the cooling operation, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is operated as a condenser and the indoor heat exchanger 5 is operated as an evaporator, and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is configured to exchange heat with a heat exchange fluid other than air. In the indoor heat exchanger 5, the indoor blower 8 takes in the indoor air to exchange heat with the indoor air. Switching of the refrigerant flow path between the cooling operation and the heating operation is performed by the four-way valve 2. During the heating operation, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is operated as an evaporator, and the indoor heat exchanger 5 is operated as a condenser. The four-way valve 2 may not be provided in an air conditioner dedicated to cooling.

As described above, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, which is the condensation side heat exchanger, is configured to exchange heat with the heat exchange fluid 13 instead of the outside air. During the cooling operation, the heat exchange fluid 13 of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 does not exchange heat with the outside air. Therefore, even when the outside air temperature increases, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid 13 does not increase because it is not affected by the outside air temperature. .

In the present embodiment, the control means 23 controls the condensing temperature c1 of the refrigerant detected by the condensing temperature detecting device 6, the condensing pressure c2 of the refrigerant detected by the condensing pressure detecting device 9, and the outside air detected by the outside air temperature detecting device 10. A control signal S5 for inputting one or more of the temperatures c3 and controlling the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid 13 in accordance with the detected values c1, c2, c3.
Is output to the flow controller 12.

Therefore, if the condensing pressure is adjusted by controlling the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid 13 based on the condensing pressure detection value c2 detected by the condensing pressure detecting device 9, for example, even if the outside air temperature becomes high, A sufficient exchange amount can be secured. That is, in an air conditioner using a mixed refrigerant of R32 and R125, for example, when the outside air temperature becomes high in the cooling operation, the outdoor heat exchanger configured to exchange heat with the outside air increases the condensing temperature to increase the physical properties of the refrigerant. Since the latent heat of the refrigerant is reduced, the air conditioning capacity is reduced. However, in the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the air conditioning capacity from being reduced. In particular, when a fluid that does not change much in temperature, such as well water, is used as the heat exchange fluid 13, a decrease in the air conditioning capacity can be reduced. Further, the same effect can be obtained even if the condensation temperature is adjusted by controlling the temperature or the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid 13 based on the condensation temperature detection value c1 detected by the condensation temperature detection device 6.

Further, if at least one of the temperature and the flow rate of the fluid to be heat-exchanged is controlled by the detection value c3 from the outside air temperature detection device 10 instead of the condensation temperature and the condensation pressure, even if the outside air temperature becomes high. In addition, a sufficient amount of heat exchange for condensation can be secured. The temperature of the heat exchange fluid can be controlled by cooling the heat exchange fluid by another cooling device (not shown).

As described above, in this embodiment, a mixed refrigerant of R32 and R125, for example, R410A refrigerant and R410A refrigerant
In an air conditioner using refrigerant B, if the outside air temperature increases during cooling operation, the condensation temperature does not rise due to this effect, and the refrigerant latent heat decreases due to its physical properties and the air conditioning capacity decreases. Can be prevented.

In addition to controlling the temperature or the flow rate of the fluid to be heat-exchanged, when it is detected that the detection value by the detectors 6, 9, 10 has become larger than a predetermined set value, it is determined according to the type of refrigerant. Thus, the increase rate of the air volume in the indoor heat exchanger 5 is determined. And the air volume is controlled based on this increase rate,
The air exchange capacity may be changed by increasing the heat exchange capacity of the indoor heat exchanger 5 serving as an evaporator.

In addition to controlling the temperature or the flow rate of the fluid to be heat-exchanged, when it is detected that the detection value by the detectors 6, 9, and 10 has become larger than a predetermined set value, it is determined according to the type of the refrigerant. Thus, the increase rate of the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is determined.
Then, the air conditioning capacity may be changed by controlling the rotation speed based on the increase rate and increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit.

In addition to controlling the temperature or flow rate of the fluid to be heat-exchanged, when it is detected that the values detected by the detectors 6, 9, and 10 have become larger than a predetermined set value, the type of the refrigerant depends on the type of refrigerant. Thus, the opening adjustment ratio of the expansion device 4 is determined. Then, the air-conditioning capacity may be changed by controlling the opening degree of the expansion device 4 based on this opening degree adjustment ratio and increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit or increasing the operating pressure.

In FIG. 7, the air conditioner is provided with all of the condensing temperature detecting means 6, the condensing pressure detecting means 9, and the outside air temperature detecting means 10. The operating state may be detected.

As the heat exchange fluid 13, brine or another refrigerant may be used. In this case, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 may be of, for example, a double tube type, a liquid full type, a shell and tube type, a plate type, or the like.

Further, the first to sixth embodiments have been described.
The same effect can be obtained even if an oil having low solubility with a refrigerant such as a hard alkylbenzene is used as the refrigerating machine oil of the HFC refrigerant. The same effect can be obtained even if the condensation pressure detecting device 9 detects and uses the discharge pressure of the compressor 1.

In each of the first to sixth embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8, the indoor heat exchanger 5 is configured to exchange heat with the heat exchange fluid 13 other than air.
4 may be provided so that, for example, water flows in the direction of the arrow 11 through the heat exchanger 14. Then, the indoor heat exchanger 5 may exchange heat with air. In this case, an increase in the air conditioning capacity can also be realized by an increase in the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid 13 and an increase in the amount of air blown by the indoor blower 8. In FIG. 8, control means and the like are not shown and are omitted.

Further, in the first to sixth embodiments, the same effect can be obtained also in a multi-type air conditioner having a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers 3, indoor heat exchangers 5, and compressors 1.

The effects described in the first to sixth embodiments can be obtained with a refrigerant having a low critical temperature, such as a natural refrigerant such as R744 refrigerant or a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant. Or, it is not limited to the mixed refrigerant. Further, among various refrigerants, the present invention is effective for a mixed refrigerant or a single refrigerant including a refrigerant having a low critical temperature and a low refrigerant latent heat at a high condensation temperature, such as the R125 refrigerant.

Although the effects described in the first to sixth embodiments have been described by taking an air conditioner for cooling and heating as an example, a similar effect can be obtained in a refrigerating apparatus for cooling. That is, in the cooling operation of the air conditioner, the indoor heat exchanger operating as the evaporator may be operated as the cooler. In this case, the air conditioning capacity changing means in any of the first to sixth embodiments corresponds to the refrigeration capacity changing means, and the air conditioning capacity detecting means corresponds to the refrigeration capacity detecting means.

Further, the effects described in the first to sixth embodiments are the same as those of the conventional refrigeration and air-conditioning system using R22 or the like, in which only the refrigerant is replaced with a refrigerant that does not destroy the ozone layer and is operated. Further effects can be obtained even in replacement of equipment. That is, in the existing refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus, simply replacing the conventional refrigerant with a refrigerant that does not destroy the ozone layer cannot be operated from the viewpoints of performance, reliability, and the like. The equipment and the existing piping can be used as they are, and the replacement of the refrigerant can be quickly and inexpensively promoted. Further, when a new refrigerant is introduced in the future, the various control coefficients described in the first to sixth embodiments may be set in accordance with the new refrigerant without updating the equipment.

[0098]

As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of types of refrigerants can be used, and a compressor, a condensing-side heat exchanger, a throttle device, and an evaporating-side heat exchanger are connected to circulate the refrigerant. In a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus having a refrigerant circuit, a refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means for changing an operation of components of the refrigerant circuit to change a refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity, and a refrigerant state detection for detecting a state of a refrigerant on a condensation side of the refrigerant circuit. Means, and when the result detected by the refrigerant state detection means exceeds a preset value, the refrigeration air-conditioning capacity is calculated using a calculation value calculated with a control gain changed according to the type of the refrigerant. By providing control means for controlling the change means, it is possible to cope with refrigerants having different physical properties, prevent a decrease in refrigeration air-conditioning capacity due to physical properties of the refrigerants, and realize at a low cost, and also improve efficiency. It is possible to obtain a refrigeration air conditioning system.

According to the present invention, a plurality of types of refrigerants can be used, and a refrigeration circuit having a refrigerant circuit for circulating the refrigerant by connecting a compressor, a condensing-side heat exchanger, a throttling device, and an evaporating-side heat exchanger. In the air conditioner, a refrigeration / air-conditioning capability changing unit that changes a refrigeration / air-conditioning capability by changing an operation of components of the refrigerant circuit, a refrigerant state detecting unit that detects a state of a refrigerant on a condensation side of the refrigerant circuit, And a control means for controlling the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means when the result detected by the refrigerant state detecting means exceeds the set value. A refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus that can respond to a refrigerant having physical properties with good responsiveness, can prevent a decrease in refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity due to the physical properties of the refrigerant, can be realized at low cost, and can also improve efficiency.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity detection means for detecting a difference between the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity during operation and the target refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity, and the control means calculates a calculation value for controlling the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity change means. In this case, the calculation is performed using the first control gain based on the type of the refrigerant and the second control gain changed according to the difference detected by the refrigeration / air-conditioning ability detection means. Thus, it is possible to obtain a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus which can prevent a decrease in the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity due to the physical properties of the refrigerant, can be realized at low cost, and can also improve the efficiency.

Further, according to the present invention, since the refrigerating and air conditioning capacity changing means changes the flow rate of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerating and air conditioning capacity changing means can cope with refrigerants having different physical properties. It is possible to obtain a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus that can prevent a decrease in capacity, can be realized at low cost, and can also improve efficiency.

Further, according to the present invention, since the refrigerating and air-conditioning capacity changing means changes the amount of heat exchange in the evaporating heat exchanger, it can cope with refrigerants having different physical properties, resulting from the physical properties of the refrigerant. It is possible to obtain a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus that can prevent a decrease in refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity, can be realized at low cost, and can also improve efficiency.

Further, according to the present invention, the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means changes the opening of the expansion device.
A refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus capable of coping with refrigerants having different physical properties, preventing a decrease in refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity due to the physical properties of the refrigerant, realizing at low cost, and improving the efficiency can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, since the air conditioning capacity changing means changes the amount of heat exchange in the condensing-side heat exchanger, it is possible to cope with refrigerants having different physical properties, It is possible to obtain a refrigeration air conditioner that can prevent a decrease in air conditioning capacity, can be realized at low cost, and can also improve efficiency.

Further, according to the present invention, the condensing-side heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit and a heat exchange fluid other than the outside air. It is possible to obtain a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus that can prevent a decrease in the air-conditioning capacity and can improve the efficiency.

According to the present invention, a plurality of types of refrigerants can be used, and a refrigeration circuit having a refrigerant circuit for connecting a compressor, a condensing-side heat exchanger, a throttling device, and an evaporating-side heat exchanger and circulating the refrigerant is provided. In an air conditioner, a refrigerant state detecting means for detecting a state of a refrigerant on a condensation side of the refrigerant circuit, and a flow path configured to exchange heat between a heat exchanged fluid other than outside air and a refrigerant circulating in the condensation side heat exchanger. And control means for controlling the temperature or the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid flowing through the flow path based on the result detected by the refrigerant state detection means, thereby reducing the influence of a large fluctuation of the outside air temperature. Thus, it is possible to obtain a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus capable of preventing a decrease in refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity and improving efficiency.

Further, according to the present invention, since the refrigerant state detecting means is a means for detecting the condensing temperature of the refrigerant, the condensing pressure of the refrigerant, or the air temperature on the condenser side, it is possible to cope with refrigerants having different physical properties. It is possible to obtain a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus that can prevent a decrease in the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity due to the physical properties of the refrigerant, can be realized at low cost, and can also improve the efficiency.

Further, according to the present invention, by using a refrigerant containing R125, there is provided a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus capable of effectively preventing a decrease in refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity due to a decrease in refrigerant latent heat when the condensing side air temperature is high. Obtainable.

Further, according to the present invention, a cooling / heating or cooling / cooling system is provided by providing a refrigerant flow switching valve for switching between cooling operation and heating operation in the refrigerant circuit. To obtain a refrigeration air-conditioning apparatus that can cope with refrigerants having different physical properties, prevent a decrease in refrigeration air-conditioning capacity due to the physical properties of the refrigerant, can be realized at low cost, and can also improve efficiency in a device having both functions of heating. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control procedure of a control unit according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a control procedure of a control unit according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a control procedure of a control unit according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor, 2 refrigerant flow switching valve, 3 condensation side heat exchanger, 4 expansion device, 5 evaporation side heat exchanger, 6 refrigerant state detection means (condensation temperature detection means), 7 condensation side blower, 8
Evaporation side blower, 9 Refrigerant state detecting means (condensing pressure detecting means), 10 Refrigerant state detecting means (Condenser side air temperature detecting means), 11 Flow direction, 12 Flow control means, 13
Fluid to be heat-exchanged, 14 heat exchanger, 15 refrigeration air-conditioning capacity detection means (suction air temperature detection means), 20, 21, 22, 22
23 control means.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kosuke Makino 2-3-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (72) Inventor Mune Hiraoka 2-3-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Mitsubishi Electric Corporation

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A refrigeration and air-conditioning system having a refrigerant circuit that can use a plurality of types of refrigerant and connects a compressor, a condensation-side heat exchanger, a throttling device, and an evaporation-side heat exchanger to circulate the refrigerant. Refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means for changing the operation of the components of the circuit to change the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity; refrigerant state detection means for detecting the state of the refrigerant on the condensation side of the refrigerant circuit; and detection by the refrigerant state detection means Control means for controlling the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means using a calculation value calculated with a control gain changed according to the type of the refrigerant when a result of the calculation exceeds a preset value. A refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. 2. A refrigeration and air-conditioning system having a refrigerant circuit that can use a plurality of types of refrigerant and connects a compressor, a condensation-side heat exchanger, a throttle device, and an evaporation-side heat exchanger to circulate the refrigerant. Refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means for changing the operation of the components of the circuit to change the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity; refrigerant state detecting means for detecting the state of the refrigerant on the condensation side of the refrigerant circuit; and setting according to the type of the refrigerant. A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus, comprising: a controller for changing the value and controlling the refrigerating and air-conditioning capacity changing means when a result detected by the refrigerant state detecting means exceeds the set value. 3. A refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity detecting means for detecting a difference between a refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity during operation and a target refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity. 3. The refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the calculation is performed using a first control gain based on the first control gain and a second control gain changed in accordance with a difference detected by the refrigeration / air-conditioning ability detection means. . 4. The refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means changes a flow rate of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit. 5. The refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means changes the amount of heat exchange in the evaporation-side heat exchanger. apparatus. 6. The refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigeration / air-conditioning capacity changing means changes an opening of the expansion device. 7. The refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air-conditioning capacity changing means changes the amount of heat exchange in the condensation-side heat exchanger. . 8. The condensing-side heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit and a heat exchange fluid other than the outside air.
A refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to the item. 9. A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus having a refrigerant circuit that can use a plurality of types of refrigerant and connects a compressor, a condensation-side heat exchanger, a throttle device, and an evaporation-side heat exchanger to circulate the refrigerant. Refrigerant state detection means for detecting the state of the refrigerant on the condensing side of the circuit; a flow path configured to exchange heat between the heat exchanged fluid other than the outside air and the refrigerant circulating through the condensing side heat exchanger; and the refrigerant state detection Control means for controlling the temperature or flow rate of the heat exchange fluid flowing through the flow path based on the result detected by the means. 10. The refrigerant state detecting means is means for detecting the condensing temperature of the refrigerant, the condensing pressure of the refrigerant, or the air temperature on the condenser side. A refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to the item. 11. The refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a refrigerant containing R125 is used. 12. The refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a refrigerant flow switching valve for switching between a cooling operation and a heating operation is provided in the refrigerant circuit.